Antibiotic once a day

Posted on by admin

Azithromycin: antibiotic in 3 days

Some diseases cannot be cured without antibiotics. And the drug of choice is most often a broad-spectrum drug with a short course of administration. Such therapy is easier to tolerate by patients, and it is less likely that treatment will end prematurely.

Table of contents:

Short course of treatment

Relatively recently, antibacterial drugs had to be taken for 7–10 days, often 3–4 times a day. This caused significant inconvenience to patients, and most sought to stop therapy as early as possible.

Modern antibiotics compare favorably with their predecessors. Usually they are taken for no more than 5–7 days, 1–2 times a day. In addition, these drugs are mostly available in the form of tablets and capsules, rather than injection solutions.

Among them, the most popular are drugs containing azithromycin. The duration of therapy with this medicine is three, less often five days. If it is necessary to take antibiotics for 3 days, patients are more enthusiastic about treatment - confidence in the doctor increases, and the effectiveness of therapy increases.

Azithromycin

Azithromycin belongs to the group of macrolides and is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. The short course of treatment with this drug is associated with the peculiarities of its pharmacokinetics.

Azithromycin remains in tissues at high levels for 5–7 days after taking the last tablet. This concentration is sufficient to demonstrate its full antibacterial effect. And despite the fact that patients no longer take the medicine, azithromycin continues to be active in their body.

The drug is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, but if you take the tablets after meals, this process slows down.

Subsequently, the active substance is sent to the site of infection. Azithromycin also easily penetrates cell membranes. This explains its high activity against intracellular parasites - for example, chlamydia.

The medicine is stable in an acidic environment and therefore is not destroyed in the stomach.

Sensitive microflora

The list of pathogens sensitive to the action of azithromycin is quite extensive. The group of gram-positive bacteria includes the following microorganisms:

  1. Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis.
  2. Pneumococcus.
  3. Streptococcus pyogenes, as well as groups G, F, C.

The list of azithromycin-sensitive gram-negative microflora is even longer. It is most often used to treat diseases caused by the following pathogens:

  • Moraxella.
  • Haemophilus influenzae.
  • Bordetella.
  • Neisseria.
  • Gardnerella.
  • Legionella.
  • Clostridia.
  • Mycobacteria.
  • Mycoplasma and ureaplasma.
  • Chlamydia.
  • Pale spirochete.

Azithromycin usually has a bacteriostatic effect. However, when treated with high doses of this drug, the effect is bactericidal.

A significant number of microorganisms that are sensitive to it and a three-day course of administration make azithromycin the drug of choice for many diseases. Indications for its use may vary.

Indications

Azithromycin is effective for pathologies of the skin and soft tissues, ENT organs, respiratory and genitourinary systems.

By taking this antibiotic, you can cope with the following diseases in 3 days:

  1. Pharyngitis and tonsillitis.
  2. Otitis.
  3. Sinusitis.
  4. Bronchitis and pneumonia. For pneumonia, azithromycin is usually prescribed in combination with a second antibiotic.
  5. Erysipelas and impetigo.
  6. Pyodermatoses.
  7. Lyme disease in the erythema migrans stage.
  8. Chlamydial urethritis or cervicitis.

Azithromycin is often combined with penicillin antibiotics - for example, amoxiclav. In this case, the effectiveness of therapy increases significantly.

Reception features

How to take antibiotics that contain azithromycin correctly? Patients should know that only a doctor prescribes such a treatment regimen. It takes into account the type of disease, characteristics of the body, reactions that occurred during previous therapy.

If patients have previously taken these tablets, it may be worthwhile to change the antibacterial drug to avoid the development of drug resistance. However, only a specialist does all this.

Self-medication for a bacterial infection can lead to chronicity of the process, the formation of resistance of the microorganism, and the development of candidiasis.

Release forms

Azithromycin is available in tablets and capsules. Its dosages are different - 125, 250 and 500 mg. This drug is also sold in the form of a suspension. This dosage form is widely used in pediatrics, in children under three years of age.

Typically, azithromycin is actually taken for three days. This is sufficient for the development of a highly effective drug response. Do not forget that a certain concentration of the active substance remains in the blood for about another week.

On the third day, the effectiveness of treatment is assessed. The therapeutic course can be completed if the patient:

  1. Body temperature is significantly reduced or completely normalized.
  2. Feeling better.
  3. Unpleasant symptoms weaken or disappear.

If you repeat a general clinical blood test at this time, you will be able to see normalization of the main indicators.

Trade names

Often in the pharmacy you can hear customers asking about an antibiotic for 3 days, the name of which they have forgotten. Most often, such people self-medicate, and this is unacceptable. Antibacterial drugs should always be purchased in accordance with your doctor's prescription.

It’s another matter if the pharmacy does not have a specific medicine. In such a situation, it is quite possible to use another one containing the same active substance. This antibiotic is known in pharmacies under the following names:

There are other trade names for this antibacterial drug, because it is produced by many manufacturing companies.

However, these drugs are the most well-known and popular among both doctors and patients.

Complications of treatment

If patients take the medicine for 3-5 days, they rarely experience side effects. In most cases, this drug is well tolerated, although sometimes the following symptoms may occur:

Occasionally, this antibiotic affects the blood system with the development of neutropenia, leukopenia and eosinophilia. Like other drugs in this class, it can lead to an exacerbation of candidiasis due to the destruction of normal microflora.

A contraindication to treatment with azithromycin is its intolerance.

During pregnancy and lactation, it is prescribed with caution, taking into account possible risks and negative consequences.

Combination with other drugs

Azithromycin can be prescribed simultaneously with antibiotics from other groups. The combination with penicillin drugs for community-acquired pneumonia has proven itself well.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are also often prescribed for pathologies of the ENT organs and respiratory system, do not affect its metabolism and effectiveness.

The combination of this antibiotic with the cardiac drug digoxin is not recommended, since the concentration of the latter in this case may increase and lead to glycoside intoxication.

A “three-day” antibiotic called azithromycin appeared on the pharmaceutical market not so long ago, but very quickly established itself as a highly effective and fairly safe remedy for many diseases.

Source: http://elaxsir.ru/lekarstva/antibiotiki/antibiotik-na-3-dnya-nazvanie.html

Antibiotics for colds

Modern antibiotics are widely used for colds. Their benefits for colds are confirmed by practice; problems due to antibiotics arise in cases where the drugs are taken without the supervision of a doctor.

Why are antibiotics prescribed for colds?

With a cold, mixed infections usually occur. Adenoviruses and rhinoviruses, which cause colds, significantly weaken the immune system. And about how to increase immunity, read our article How to increase immunity in an adult.

Bacteria, usually streptococci, staphylococci, with a decrease in their own defenses, multiply, causing inflammation. All these processes occur quickly; in a purely viral form, a cold exists within the first 3-4 days.

Prescribing antibiotics for colds is a justified and necessary treatment measure for both adults and children. And in order for the treatment not to harm the patient, the doctor must choose the drug after examination and appropriate tests for sensitivity to the antibiotic.

It is not antibiotics that cause harm, but their uncontrolled use, chaotic name changes, and non-compliance with doctor’s recommendations.

The first action when you have a cold is to visit the clinic; if you feel unwell, call a doctor at home. The prescription of antibiotics and the choice of antiviral drugs are within the competence of the doctor; self-medication for a cold often ends in complications.

Benefits of antibiotics for colds

A course of treatment with an adequate drug eliminates the source of the disease and serves as a prevention of complications. Mixed viral-bacterial infections reduce immunity and provoke complications.

Treating a cold with antibiotics does more than just relieve symptoms and make the patient feel better. Antibacterial drugs fight infection at the cellular level and normalize metabolic processes in tissues.

Complications when taking antibiotics

The disadvantages of taking antibiotics include suppression of the intestinal’s own beneficial microflora, which creates conditions for the development of pathogenic microorganisms.

Uncontrolled use of antibiotics without studying the sensitivity of the infection to the drug leads to the emergence of new strains of bacteria that are resistant to the most powerful drugs, the emergence of a “superinfection”.

The use of antibiotics for colds without taking into account contraindications leads to severe damage to the liver and kidneys, which is accompanied by a deterioration in the patient’s condition.

Choosing an antibiotic only by name, without knowing the specifics of taking the drug for a cold, without tests and without a doctor’s recommendation, can significantly delay recovery and complicate the doctor’s work after treatment regarding complications that have arisen.

When an antibiotic is not prescribed

Viral conjunctivitis, nasopharyngitis, tracheitis, runny nose lasting less than 2 weeks, laryngitis, and herpes are not treated with antibacterial drugs.

When to treat with antibiotics

Antimicrobial drugs are prescribed for colds to persons with signs of reduced immunity, which are characterized by:

  • elevated temperature;
  • the presence of chronic inflammation of a bacterial or fungal nature;
  • lack of results from treatment with antiviral drugs within 4 days.

Antibiotics are prescribed against flu and colds in combination with antiviral treatment for patients with cancer and AIDS.

Groups of antibiotics for colds

When choosing which antibiotics to take for a cold, they are guided by the localization of inflammation, the nature and intensity of the manifestation of the disease.

Usually, immediately upon treatment, a patient is prescribed broad-spectrum antibiotics that act on most typical pathogens of nasopharyngeal inflammation.

Then, according to the bacterial examination, either the course of treatment is continued, or the antibiotic is changed to one more sensitive to pathogenic microflora.

The list of antibiotics for colds includes drugs from the penicillin and cephalosporin series, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones.

Penicillins

A large group of penicillins is represented by Ampicillin, Augmentin, Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav, Flemoxin Solutab, Amosin, Ecobol, Benzicillin, Bicillin.

Penicillins are effective antibiotics for flu and colds, but treatment with drugs in this group is complicated by the risk of allergies, as well as the instability of the compound to the action of enzymes.

An allergic reaction to penicillins is manifested by skin rash, urticaria, Quincke's edema, and anaphylactic shock. If there is no allergy, the patient is prescribed penicillin before testing the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics.

A large number of antibiotics used for colds are based on ampicillin, the most well-known names of the drugs are Ampicillin-AKOS, Ampicillin sodium, Ampicillin trihydrate.

Ampicillin is considered one of the cheapest and most effective antibiotics for colds; an important condition for its use is the absence of an allergy to the penicillin series.

The antibiotic of choice for colds is often amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (Amoxiclav). Clavulanic acid protects amoxicillin from destruction, and the antibiotic limits the growth of bacteria and destroys them.

Amoxiclav analogues, Augmentin, Panclave, Ranclave, Rapiclav, act in a similar way for colds.

Amoxicillin and its analogues are inexpensive antibiotics that help with colds; the prices for these drugs on average do not exceed 150 rubles. The cheapest in tablets and capsules are Amosin (59 rubles), Amoxicillin (60 rubles), Hiconcil (54 rubles).

The price of another amoxicillin analogue, the antibiotic Flemoxin Solutaba, is slightly higher; it is also effective against colds and is approved for children. The average cost of packaging in Moscow and St. Petersburg is rubles, the tablets have a pleasant taste, they can be dissolved and given in the form of syrup or suspension to children.

Penicillin antibiotics are considered the safest; they are used in pediatric therapy for colds, inflammation of the bronchi, and lungs; the names of the most prescribed drugs are Amoxicillin, Benzpenicillin, Amoxiclav.

We also suggest that you read the article Tablets for colds.

Macrolides

Macrolide antibiotics are broad-spectrum drugs that are active in cases of upper respiratory tract infections of various origins.

Macrolides are allowed during pregnancy; when choosing which antibiotics to prescribe for a cold, the doctor chooses this group of drugs.

Strong antibiotics for colds include drugs containing azithromycin as an active ingredient.

The most famous drug of this group is Sumamed. The antibiotic is approved for children; 3 tablets are enough for a course of treatment for a cold. The medicine is available in tablets, capsules, and powder is also available for sale to make a suspension.

Azithromycin serves as the main active component of such Sumamed analogs as Azivok, Sumazid Azitral, Sumamed forte, Sumametsin, Hemomycin, Zitrocin, ZI-Factor, Azithromycin monohydrate, Azithromycin dihydrate, Azitrox, Azicide, Azivok.

The peculiarities of absorption and excretion of azithromycin from the body make it possible to use these antibiotics for colds once a day. For a cold, it is enough to take three antibiotic tablets, distributing one every day.

One of the best macrolide antibiotics is Klabax, a semi-synthetic drug of the latest generation. The active ingredient of Klabax is clarithromycin, which suppresses the activity of typical and atypical pathogenic microflora and destroys chlamydia.

The antibiotic Klabaks not only kills pathogenic microflora, but also supports the immune system and prevents the phenomenon of bacteremia - the penetration of bacteria into the blood.

Antibiotic Klabax for prolonged colds promotes the removal of sputum, suppresses respiratory infections of almost all types, and exhibits immunomodulatory properties.

The active component clarithromycin is also included in Ecosetrin, Klacid, Arvicin, Clarbact, Clarithromycin Zentiva, Clerimed, Fromilid. These antibiotics act in a similar way for colds, and which of them to choose for treatment is often determined not only by the doctor, but also by the price.

The most expensive tablets with the antibiotic clarithromycin are Klacid (England, USA) - 953 rubles, 943 rubles, a more affordable price for the drug Clerimed (Cyprus) - 152 rubles. in pharmacies in Moscow and St. Petersburg.

Perhaps you were looking for how to treat a cold during pregnancy? Read more in our article Treatment of colds with medications during pregnancy.

Cephalosporins

Cephalosporins are a large group of drugs that are active against a wide range of pathogens. The properties of 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins have been well studied.

New drugs from the 3rd and 4th generations are highly effective for respiratory infections and are prescribed to adults. The specifics of using the latest generation of cephalosporins for children have not been fully studied, so children under 18 years of age are prescribed 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins for treatment.

Fluoroquinolones

Antibiotics of this group are highly active against pneumococci and a number of other pathogens of respiratory diseases. Fluoroquinolones can be used for colds in people over 18 years of age.

Sparfloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin have a wide spectrum of action, demonstrate effectiveness against highly resistant pathogens, and are used once a day.

The negative side of fluoroquinolones is heart rhythm disturbance. These drugs are prescribed with extreme caution in the elderly.

Antibiotics for children

Children's antibiotics for colds should not cause side effects or complications. Instead of tablets, children are given drugs in the form of a sweet syrup or suspension. If necessary, for colds, intramuscular injections of antibiotics are prescribed.

The list of antibiotics against colds in children is opened by antibacterial drugs from the penicillin group Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Flemoxin Solutab. Among macrolides, Sumamed forte is used for colds in children.

For the treatment of children with bacterial infections of the upper respiratory tract, 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins cefadroxil, cephalexin, cefuroxime, cefaclor are approved. For severe colds, children are given tablets of Cephalexin, Zinnat, Ceclor, Duracef.

In case of severe colds and complications, antibiotics are prescribed in injections; the names of the commonly prescribed ones are Amoxiclav, Augmentin, Azithromycin.

The most effective antibiotics for colds are medications determined based on the results of a bacterial study that selectively act on the causative agent of inflammation.

The variety of antibiotics in tablets can significantly reduce the use of injectable drugs. They also use a treatment regimen in which the child’s severe condition is treated with injections in the first days, and then switched to treatment with drugs in tablets.

Antibiotics contraindicated in children

Antibiotics are not prescribed for children with colds:

  • tetracyclines – doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline;
  • chloramphenicol;
  • aminoglycosides;
  • 4th generation cephalosporins;
  • fluoroquinolones.

Tetracycline disrupts the formation of tooth enamel, affects protein synthesis, and destroys the liver. Aminoglycosides are ototoxic compounds that damage the auditory nerve, causing hearing loss and deafness.

The most common aminoglycoside in pediatric practice is gentamicin; the prescription of this antibiotic is not justified due to its ototoxic effect and lack of sensitivity to pneumococci.

Aminoglycosides and tetracyclines are not prescribed to children under 8 years of age. Treatment of bacterial complications of colds in children with lincomycin is unjustified. It interacts with other antibiotics and is incompatible with ampicillin, calcium gluconate, and heparin.

Children should not be given ampicillin injections, just like lincomycin; this antibiotic is considered one of the most dangerous for normal intestinal microflora and contributes to the development of dysbacteriosis.

Levomycetin disrupts hematopoiesis. In children under 3 years of age, chloramphenicol affects the liver and central nervous system.

Antibiotics from the group of 3rd generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone) in young children can cause dysbiosis with almost complete replacement of the intestinal beneficial microflora with pathogenic bacterial and fungal microbiota.

Fluoroquinolone antibiotics disrupt the formation of cartilage tissue in joints and are prohibited for pregnant women and children, and not only for colds, but also for systemic diseases.

Features of treatment

Antibiotics are always taken in courses. Treatment is continued in cases where improvement in well-being occurred in the first days after starting treatment.

When treating with antibiotics, follow the single dosage and daily dose indicated in the instructions. The antibiotic is prescribed by a doctor, treatment is carried out under medical supervision.

Due to the ability of microorganisms to adapt to the medicine and mutate, if the treatment does not have an effect, the doctor replaces the antibiotic.

Excessive use of antibiotics is also dangerous for the patient's health. Particularly severe consequences are observed with the unsystematic use of antibacterial drugs in children.

Proper nutrition, strict adherence to the instructions and prescriptions of the doctor are conditions under which treatment with antibiotics will get rid of the disease and will not lead to a decrease in immunity, dysbiosis and complications.

Even treatment needs to start small. Antibiotics are heavy artillery that destroys both the sick and the healthy. For example, for the last four years I have been using only antiviral drugs. Influcid has proven itself to be the best so far. And the composition there is far from lethal.

I completely agree with you. My friend swallowed antibiotics at every opportunity until her health was seriously compromised. I myself have been dealing with influenza for several years now when I have the flu. After three or four days, only a slight discomfort remains from the illness.

Why is there no antibiotic for colds that would help with one dose, like Monural for cystitis?

Lump behind the ear in an adult

Runny nose in a nursing mother, treatment with drops and folk remedies

Signs and treatment of sinusitis in adults

Inexpensive drops for runny nose

Treatment of laryngitis in adults at home

How and with what to treat a sore throat in a 2-year-old child

By self-medicating, you can waste time and harm your health!

Copying materials is permitted only with an active link to the site. Everything is in the original texts.

Source: http://loramed.ru/bolezni/prostuda/p-antibiotiki.html

JMedic.ru

Bronchitis is the most common complication of respiratory viral infections in adults and children. Manifests itself as inflammation of the bronchial mucosa and bronchioles. Treatment of bronchitis depends on its etiology. If the causative agent of the disease is a virus, then such bronchitis should be treated with antiviral drugs. If you are faced with fungal bronchitis, then you should use antimycotics - general antifungal agents. But most often bronchitis is of a bacterial nature, which is treated with modern chemotherapy drugs - antibiotics.

The first antibiotic produced was penicillin. Since his discovery, a new era began in medicine. The mortality rate from various infectious diseases, septic complications, and postoperative suppurations has sharply decreased. Antibiotics have found their use in the treatment of almost any disease of bacterial etiology. There are various forms of antibiotic release. But the tablet form is considered the most popular and accessible. It is very convenient to take; you just need to follow the correct daily dosage frequency.

Types of antibiotics

Today, there are various groups of antibacterial drugs. Let's look at a brief description of the most commonly used representatives and the frequency of their intake in tablets for bronchitis.

B-lactam antibiotics

  • Penicillins

The most popular group of antibacterial drugs. Effective for various diseases of bacterial etiology. A typical representative is Amoxicillin.

Has a wide spectrum of bactericidal action. It is used for diseases caused by staphylococcus, streptococcus and other bacteria sensitive to this antibiotic. Dosage 500 mg. Take for bronchitis 2 times a day (daily dosage - 1g) for 5 to 7 days.

They are used in the treatment of bacterial infections that are insensitive to the action of penicillin, as well as in people with allergic reactions to penicillin antibiotics. As a rule, cephalosporins are used parenterally, but there are also tablet forms of the drug. The generation of a cephalosporin directly determines its antibacterial activity.

1st generation - gonococci, meningococci, streptococci, staphylococci.

2nd generation - more active against gram-negative bacteria.

3rd generation – gram-positive cocci, gram-negative cocci and rods.

Fourth generation oral cephalosporins have not yet been invented.

Single dose for adults for bronchitis: mg. The frequency of administration is 4 times a day. Course duration days.

Daily dose for adults mg. It is better to divide the dose into 3 doses. The maximum daily dose is 4 g. Take tablets for 5-7 days.

For adults and children over 10 years old with bronchitis, take 400 mg tablets once a day for 7 days.

Antibiotics that are active against most gram-positive and gram-negative aerobes and anaerobes that are resistant to penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics. Presented on the pharmaceutical market only as solutions for parenteral administration.

Macrolides

Active against most microorganisms, including intracellular parasites. They have low toxicity. Slow down the processes of bacterial cell division in the body. Representatives:

For bronchitis, adults take 500 mg 4 times a day for 5 days.

Take 300 mg of antibiotic once a day.

It is recommended to take the drug in mg 2 times a day for 7 days. The maximum daily dose is 1 g.

For bronchitis, take the drug according to the following regimen: on the first day, mg 1 time per day, then every subsequent day, 0.25 mg 1 time per day.

Adults take 500 mg of antibiotic 3 times a day. Be sure to ensure compliance with the frequency of administration.

Tetracyclines

They are characterized by a high degree of antibacterial activity and a wide spectrum of action.

The most commonly used representative is Doxycycline.

For bronchitis, adults drink 100 mg 2 times a day. The maximum dose per day is 400 mg. It is imperative to take an antibiotic only as prescribed by a doctor, who knows how many times a day it is better to take the drug for bronchitis, and what the side effects of taking it may be in your case.

Aminoglycosides

The action of these antibiotics is aimed at destroying the cell wall of the bacteria. The spectrum of action is wide. They act poorly on anaerobic bacteria and well on aerobes, which confirms their effectiveness in bronchitis, since the bronchi are subject to good aeration. Main representatives:

Tablet forms of antibiotics for bronchitis are prescribed by a doctor individually.

The question of which antibiotics are better and how many days it is necessary to treat bronchitis can only be answered by a professional and competent specialist.

These are the main antibiotics that are more active against bacterial infections than others. Many of them are presented in the form of tablets that must be taken with water. This application is very convenient and is used mainly in the initial stages of bronchitis. If tablet forms of the antibiotic are ineffective, it is better for adults to prescribe it parenterally using droppers and injections.

Principles of treatment of bronchitis

It is better to treat bronchitis comprehensively, and, in addition to antibacterial therapy, it is necessary to include immunomodulators, vitamins, and inhalations with herbal extracts. Children can undergo drainage massage to improve the outflow of mucus from the upper respiratory tract. Do not forget about preventing the development of dysbiosis, because antibiotics kill not only pathogenic bacteria, but also beneficial bacteria living in the human intestines. In order to avoid the development of dysbiosis, probiotics are prescribed in parallel with taking an antibacterial drug. The most popular and effective are: Linex, Bifiform, Lactofiltrum, Bifidobacterin.

In any case, no matter what methods of treating bronchitis you use, you must consult a doctor in order to avoid aggravation of the process and the occurrence of complications that are dangerous to health and life.

Source: http://jmedic.ru/bronxit/antibiotiki_u_vzroslyh_v_tabletkah.html

List of new generation broad-spectrum antibiotics

Antibiotics help cope with most diseases. Many people do not like them, considering the drugs to be dangerous to health (“they treat one, the other cripple”). But it’s hard to argue with the fact that these drugs stopped more than one epidemic. Moreover, due to their wide range of uses, people are less likely to die from infectious diseases. As a result, people's life expectancy has increased significantly.

There’s just one problem: viruses and bacteria can mutate and adapt to antibiotics (this property is called antibiotic resistance - the developed immunity of microorganisms to the action of a drug). This is why antibiotics, invented decades ago and considered almost a panacea for all infections, are now poorly effective in treating most diseases.

Scientists are forced to improve medicines, that is, to produce a new generation of drugs. Currently, there are four generations of widely used antibiotics. In this article we will compile a list of the most popular modern drugs of the new generation, analyze their main characteristics, indications, contraindications and prices.

general description

Broad-spectrum antibiotics are drugs with universal action, prescribed to combat a large number of pathogens (including those with an unknown source of infection). Unfortunately, such versatility is a weakness: there is a possibility that antibiotics will begin to fight against beneficial microflora (for example, if the symbiotic intestinal flora is destroyed, dysbiosis occurs). This is why after treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, it is necessary to restore normal levels of beneficial bacteria.

New generation drugs are universal and can act on a large number of pathogenic microbes.

The new generation of antibiotics are more effective than their predecessors because bacteria have not yet had time to adapt to them. Besides:

  • new generation antibiotics are considered safer (they have fewer side effects and are not so severe);
  • New generation antibiotics are easy to use - first generation drugs had to be taken 3-4 times a day, while modern antibiotics are enough to be taken 1-2 times;
  • New generation antibiotics are available in different forms. There are even medications in the form of syrups and patches.

What are the most powerful remedies?

Having studied the reviews of doctors and patients, we can identify the most common broad-spectrum antibiotics from the latest generation. We get this list:

Now let's look at each medicine on this list in a little more detail.

Broad-spectrum antibiotics from the list of new generation macrolides. They act due to azithromycin (one capsule contains 250 ml of the substance).

Sumamed is especially effective in combating infections affecting the respiratory tract (angina, sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia), skin and soft tissues, the genitourinary system (for example, prostatitis) and the gastrointestinal tract (including intestinal infections). Contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to macrolides, as well as liver and kidney diseases. It has mild side effects, which distinguishes Sumamed from other broad-spectrum antibiotics. Take one tablet per day for 3 days (the course can then be extended by a doctor).

The price of Sumemd depends on the form of release and packaging: 250 mg capsules, 6 pieces - from 320 rubles; 6 tablets 125 mg - from 290 rubles; 6 tablets 500 mg - from 377 rub.

  • Cefamandole

A drug from the group of cephalosporins of the latest generation. Rarely causes an adaptive reaction in microorganisms, therefore it effectively fights gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, mycoplasmas, legionella, salmonella, and sexually transmitted pathogens. Often prescribed for colds and intestinal infections. Can be used as an alternative to cephalosporin if resistance to the latter is observed. Effective for the prevention of postoperative infectious complications. One of the disadvantages of the drug is its high price.

Broad-spectrum antibiotic from the list of new generation tetracyclines. The active substance in the composition is doxycycline. Available in the form of 100 mg tablets (10 tablets per package).

Effective in the fight against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, protozoa, anaerobes, and atypical pathogens. Most often prescribed for the treatment of colds, intestinal infections, and prostatitis. Almost does not cause dysbacteriosis. Dosage for adults: 200 mg (2 tablets) once or twice a day. The price of the drug is approximately 280 rubles. per package.

Fourth generation antibiotic from the list of macrolides. The base substance is roxithromycin. Available in the form of tablets with a dosage of 150 mg. A single daily dose of the drug is sufficient. Most often prescribed for upper respiratory tract infections, urogenital diseases (for example, prostatitis), intestinal, and ondotological infections. Not recommended for use in case of renal failure. It is quite expensive - from 800 rubles. for 10 pieces.

Fourth generation antibiotic packaging.

A new generation antibiotic from the list of pharmacological group of aminopenicillins. It has a wide spectrum of action, resistance to the action of beta-lactamase strains. It has a mild effect, therefore it is used for both treatment and prevention. Unlike many fourth-generation antibiotics, it can be prescribed to pregnant and lactating women. Manufactured by Lek Pharma and Lek DD. Available in the form of powder for intravenous administration, powder for oral administration, and tablets. The price of powders for injections is from 200 rubles, powders taken orally are from 60 rubles, tablets 375 mg are from 224 rubles.

Widely used in dentistry.

One of the most affordable broad-spectrum antibiotics. Sold in the form of ampoules for intravenous and intramuscular administration and in the form of capsules. The selective bacteriostatic effect allows its use in cases where other drugs are ineffective due to developed resistance. True, this same quality does not allow Lincomycin to be prescribed as a first-line drug. It is quite toxic and has a list of a large number of side effects and contraindications that you should familiarize yourself with before taking the medicine. The cost of ampoules with solution is from 68 rubles. for 10 pieces; cost of capsules - from 73 rubles.

Prices for antibiotics in pharmacies for different forms and dosages range from 110 to 370 rubles. It has a wide range of uses: respiratory and urinary tract infections, skin and intestinal infections, pelvic inflammation, prostatitis, prevention after abdominal, gynecological and orthopedic surgeries. Belongs to the group of cephalosporins. Twice daily administration is sufficient. As a rule, it is well tolerated, side effects are rare. Unfortunately, it is available only in the form of an injection solution. Price - from 115 rub.

Antibiotic of the new generation cephalosporin group. It is considered one of the most frequently prescribed drugs for most infectious and inflammatory diseases (colds, intestinal, urological, gynecological, prostatitis, etc.). This prevalence is due to the broad spectrum of action of the antibiotic, affordable price, low toxicity, and minimal effect on beneficial bacteria. Can be used for treatment and prevention (for example, in the postoperative period). Available only in the form of a solution for injection.

Another name for the antibiotic is Pancef. Available only in the form of capsules and tablets taken orally. Acts bactericidal (prevents the synthesis of cell walls of pathogens). It has a wide spectrum of action (kills intestinal infections, treats colds, prostatitis, and is used after operations). Unfortunately, this new generation antibiotic has a fairly strong toxic effect on the kidneys and liver, so it is not recommended for use in diseases of these organs. Price - from 397 rub.

A very strong antibiotic of the latest generation from the group of fluoroquinolones. It is a modern analogue of Moxifloxcin. Effective against many known bacterial and atypical pathogens. It has virtually no negative effect on the kidneys and stomach. Such antibiotics can be used as children's medicines, so they are not prescribed in pediatrics. They are quite expensive - from 750 rubles. for 5 pcs.

How to choose

Naturally, it is not enough to familiarize yourself with the list of new generation antibiotics. I would like to say which broad-spectrum antibiotics are the safest and most effective. Unfortunately, it is impossible to single out a specific drug, since each antibiotic has its own characteristics and in each specific case different drugs will be more effective. This is why you should not prescribe drugs for treatment and prevention on your own if you do not have a medical education. For intestinal infections, prostatitis, sore throat or otitis, various antibiotics will be prescribed. It is better to trust a specialist who prescribes medicine based on the diagnosis, stage of the disease, concomitant diseases, as well as the individual characteristics of the patient.

Source: http://egosila.ru/obzory/antibiotiki-shirokogo-spektra-dejstvija-novogo-pokolenija-spisok

List of new generation broad-spectrum antibiotics

Antibiotics are a broad group of drugs whose action is aimed at combating infectious diseases. In recent years, the list of these funds has undergone some changes. New generation broad-spectrum antibiotics have gained great popularity. There are modern drugs that are aimed at eliminating the causative agent of a specific disease. Medicines with narrowly targeted action are more preferable, since they do not affect the normal microflora.

How do new generation antibiotics work?

Medical professionals successfully use antibacterial agents due to the fact that the vital processes occurring in the cells of the human body differ from similar processes in a bacterial cell. These new generation drugs act selectively, affecting only the cell of the pathogenic microorganism, without affecting human ones. Classification occurs depending on the way in which they influence the vital activity of microorganisms.

Some drugs inhibit the synthesis of the outer cell membrane of bacteria, which is absent in the human body. These include cephalosporins, penicillin antibiotics, etc. Another group almost completely suppresses protein synthesis in bacterial cells. The latter include macrolides and tetracycline antibiotics. The list of broad-spectrum drugs is divided according to the principle of antibacterial activity. The instructions must indicate the area of ​​activity of the tablets.

Some drugs have a broad spectrum of action, being effective against many bacteria, while others may have a narrow focus, targeting a specific group of bacteria. Why is this happening? The fact is that viruses and bacteria are characterized by different structures and functioning, so what kills bacteria does not affect viruses. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are used when:

  • pathogens exhibit resistance to the influence of a highly targeted drug;
  • a superinfection has been identified, the culprits of which are several types of bacteria;
  • prevention of infections after surgical interventions is carried out;
  • treatment is prescribed based on clinical symptoms, that is, empirically. In this case, the specific pathogen is not identified. This is appropriate for common infections and dangerous fast-acting diseases.

Attention! Sovets.net readers recommend:

- Bad breath is caused by parasites! Find out how to get rid of it >>>

- Nail fungus will no longer bother you! Elena Malysheva tells how to defeat fungus.

— Losing weight quickly is now available to every girl, Polina Gagarina talks about it >>>

— Elena Malysheva: Tells you how to lose weight without doing anything! Find out how >>>

Features of broad-spectrum antibiotics

The new generation of broad-spectrum drugs are universal remedies that can fight otitis media, inflammation of the lymph nodes, colds, accompanying coughs, runny nose, etc. Whatever pathogen causes the disease, the remedies will defeat the microbe. Each newly developed medicine has a more advanced, improved effect against pathogenic microorganisms. The new generation of antibiotics is believed to cause minimal damage to the human body.

List of new generation antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action

The list of existing new generation broad-spectrum antibiotics includes many drugs, both cheap and more expensive. The most frequently used of all groups of drugs are penicillins, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and cephalosporins. They are available in the form of injection solutions, tablets, etc. New generation drugs are characterized by improved pharmacological actions when compared with older drugs. So the list is:

  • tetracycline group: “Tetracycline”;
  • penicillins: “Ampicillin”, “Amoxicillin”, “Ticarcyclin”, “Bilmitsin”;
  • fluoroquinolones: Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin;
  • carbapenems: “Meropenem”, “Imipenem”, “Ertapenem”;
  • amphenicols: "Chloramphenicol";
  • aminoglycosides: "Streptomycin".

Find out more about the drug amoxicillin - dosage for adults and children, instructions for use and contraindications.

Names of highly targeted strong antibiotics

New generation highly targeted drugs are used when the causative agent of the infection is precisely identified. Each drug acts on a specific group of pathogenic microorganisms. Unlike broad-spectrum antibiotics, they do not disrupt the normal intestinal microflora and do not suppress the immune system. Due to a deeper degree of purification of the active substance, the medicine has less toxicity.

Bronchitis

For bronchitis, in most cases, new generation broad-spectrum antibiotics are prescribed, but the choice of drug should be based on the results of laboratory testing of sputum. The best medicine is considered to be the one that has a detrimental effect directly on the bacterium that caused the disease. This approach is explained by the fact that the study takes from 3 to 5 days, and bronchitis must be treated as early as possible to avoid complications. The following antibacterial drugs are often prescribed:

  • Macrolides - prescribed for individual intolerance to penicillin. Clarithromycin and Erythromycin are widely used.
  • Penicillin has been used in medicine for a long time, and therefore some microorganisms have developed resistance to the active substance. Therefore, the drugs were enhanced with additives that block the action of enzymes produced by microorganisms in order to reduce the activity of penicillin. The most effective are Amoxiclav, Panklav, and Augmentin.
  • Fluoroquinolones are used to treat chronic bronchitis during exacerbation. Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, and Ciprofloxacin are characterized by great effectiveness.
  • Cephalosporins are prescribed in case of obstructive forms of the disease. Modern antibiotics include Cefuroxime and Ceftriaxone.

Sinusitis

For sinusitis, new generation antibiotics such as cephalosporins and macrolides are used. These are the most effective medications for sinusitis, which are used when penicillin does not result in positive treatment dynamics. Modern antibiotics “Cefuroxin”, “Cecefoxitin”, “Cefachlor”, “Cefotaxime”, “Cefexime” resemble penicillin drugs in structure, but are capable of inhibiting the development and completely destroying bacteria. Macrolides such as Macropen and Azithromycin show high effectiveness in severe cases. Find out how to choose an antibiotic for sinusitis.

Angina

Until recently, oral penicillin antibiotics were used to treat sore throat because they showed the best results. But recent pharmacological studies have shown that new generation cephalosporins are more effective in the treatment of bacterial oropharyngeal infections. Their action is based on inhibition of the synthesis of bacterial cell membranes, and they are more resistant to microbial enzymes aimed at destroying the active substance.

The drug "Cefalexin", which is characterized by a high degree of absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, has effective indicators. Macrolides are considered the safest antibiotics for the treatment of tonsillar pathologies. When using them, there are no disorders of the digestive tract, as well as toxic reactions from the central nervous system. Macrolides include: Spiramycin, Leukomycin, Erythromycin, Aziromycin, Clarithromycin, Dirithromycin, Indian Azithral.

Colds and flu

For colds and flu, the following imported and domestic new generation antibiotics show high effectiveness:

  • “Sumamed” belongs to a number of macrolides. In the treatment of complicated colds, it is considered an alternative second-line drug. It has a wide antibacterial spectrum, rarely causes intestinal and stomach disorders, and is effective for seven days from taking the last tablet. Cannot be used for children.
  • Cefaclor is a second-generation antibiotic that shows high activity against most respiratory infections.
  • “Cefamandol” is the second generation of cephalosporins, a broad-spectrum antibiotic in injections, characterized by a powerful bactericidal effect, produced in ampoules, and administered intramuscularly.
  • "Rulid" is a macrolide antibiotic, has a narrow spectrum of antibacterial action, limited to pathogens of inflammatory processes in the ENT organs and respiratory infections.
  • "Clarithromycin" is a semi-synthetic macrolide in capsules that has antibacterial activity against most pathogenic microorganisms.
  • "Avelox" is a strong tablet antibiotic of the latest generation of fluoroquinolones, which has a rapid bactericidal effect.

Learn how to choose flu medications for children and adults.

Cystitis

Previously, Furadonin, Biseptol, and 5-Nok were traditionally used to treat cystitis. However, they have been replaced by a new generation of antibiotics, stronger and more effective. Modern medications allow you to improve your condition on the first day and quickly recover from the disease:

  • "Unidox Solutab" - effectively fights cystitis and has a prolonged effect. Taken once a day.
  • "Monural" is a long-acting antibiotic that accumulates in the urine and quickly destroys bacteria. Due to the ability to maintain therapeutic concentration for a long time, it allows for a short course of treatment.
  • “Norbactin” is prescribed less frequently than the previous two, since it needs to be taken twice a day and drink a lot of liquid, which is not always comfortable for the patient.

Antifungal drugs in tablets

Before prescribing antifungal drugs, the pathogen should be identified, since each type has its own effective remedy and dosage. Modern drugs are divided into generations: if the first ones were effective against some fungi, then the next ones were created taking into account many types of fungal infections:

  • First generation polyene antibiotics - Levorin, Nystatin, Amphotericin B. Used for the treatment of dermatomycosis and thrush in gynecology.
  • Second generation antibacterial agents - “Ketoconazole”, “Clotrimazole”, “Miconazole” for infections of the genitourinary system.
  • Third generation - “Terbinafine”, “Antraconazole”, “Naftifin”, “Fluconazole”.
  • Fourth generation broad-spectrum antibiotics - Posaconazole, Voriconazole, Ravuconazole, Caspofungin.

Antibiotics for eyes

In recent years, a number of effective local antibacterial therapy, such as eye drops, and systemic use have been introduced into the practice of ophthalmology. The latter include "Maxaquin", which is used to treat chlamydial conjunctivitis and bacterial keratitis. For local use, new eye ointments with a broad-spectrum antibiotic and drops “Tobrex”, “Okacin”, “Vitabakt”, “Eubetal”, “Kolbiotsin” are used.

Pneumonia

For pneumonia, new generation antibiotics show a persistent bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect against streptococci, staphylococci, mycoplasmas, chlamydia, coliform bacteria and other microorganisms:

  • In the case of a predominance of gram-negative bacteria, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, and Ceftriaxone are prescribed.
  • When gram-positive cocci predominate, Cefuroxime, Cefazolin, and Cefoxin are prescribed.
  • For an atypical course of the disease - Azithromycin, Ceftriaxone, Midekamicin, Ceftazidime.
  • If fungal infection predominates, fluconazole and third-generation cephalosporins are prescribed for adults.
  • Anaerobic infection - "Lincomycin", "Metronidazole", "Clindamycin".
  • Cytomegalovirus pneumonia - “Acyclovir”, “Ganciclovir”, “Cytotect”.
  • Pneumocystis pneumonia - macrolides and Cotrimoxazole.

The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials in the article do not encourage self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and make recommendations for treatment based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

Source: http://sovets.net/3125-antibiotiki-shirokogo-spektra-deistviya-novogo-pokoleniya-spisok.html