Antibacterial nasal spray

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Antibiotics for the nose, the most effective drops and sprays, application features

Nasal drops and sprays with antibiotics are narrowly targeted drugs that are not recommended for the treatment of all types of nasal congestion.

Table of contents:

If used incorrectly, there is a high probability of developing a number of unpleasant consequences. However, there are diseases for which the use of such medications is mandatory.

Antibiotics and their release forms

Nasal antibiotics are most often prescribed in the form of sprays or drops. This is the most gentle way to treat viral diseases in patients of all ages. A similar effect is achieved through a local effect directly on the source of inflammation, without a negative effect on the patient’s internal organ systems, since the medicine does not enter the blood.

In addition to nasal agents, antibacterial medications are also available in the form of tablets, injections and even ointments. It is important to remember that only a doctor can prescribe these medications if other means have not brought the desired result.

However, before prescribing any specific medication, the doctor is required to issue a referral for a blood test and nasal smear. This will make it possible not only to determine the most effective treatment path, but also to prevent the possible development of unpleasant side effects.

This should not be neglected, since the analysis may reveal individual intolerance to the components.

Only after conducting tests and determining the exact type of causative agent of the problem, the doctor can accurately determine which drug is suitable for a particular patient, in what dosage and duration of use.

For the treatment of complex rhinitis, with elevated temperature and severe headaches that cannot be treated with conventional medications, the doctor may prescribe antibacterial drugs. It is not recommended to overuse self-medication; it can be dangerous to health.

Nasal drops with antibiotics - in what cases are they prescribed?

The main feature of antibacterial medications that are used to treat rhinitis is the high-quality and rapid elimination of the immediate cause of the problem. Thus, they quickly inhibit the vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms.

In addition, medications in this series can help:

  • Activation of mucus production, which moisturizes the nasal passages;
  • Stopping the spread of infection throughout the body;
  • Dilatation of blood vessels;
  • Speedy normalization of breathing processes;
  • Reducing the level of swelling of the mucous membranes.

Medicines with an antibacterial effect are prescribed, which have a local effect for diseases of the nasal cavity and for various types of sinusitis:

These drugs are also used for rhinitis and nasopharyngitis of bacterial origin.

Direct prerequisites for the use of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of diseases of the nasal cavity are the following symptoms:

  • Discharge of greenish or brown mucus from the nostrils;
  • Complicated breathing as a result of congestion;
  • Increased temperature, which usually develops with exacerbation of chronic rhinitis or acute development of sinusitis;
  • Loss of strength, dizziness;
  • Systematic migraine.

In some cases, if acute rhinitis develops, the doctor may prescribe a treatment for influenza, pharyngitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, sore throat, acute respiratory viral diseases, and otitis media.

A feature of local therapy is the fact that antibacterial drugs act directly on the essence of the pathology and prevent the spread of infection to neighboring organs. In addition, they make it possible to prevent the disease from becoming chronic.

Features of application

The speed and effectiveness of antibacterial substances is no longer in doubt, but we should not forget that untimely and incorrect use of these medications can lead to undesirable consequences.

Before you start taking it, you should familiarize yourself with a number of contraindications for which use is not recommended:

  • During pregnancy and lactation;
  • For the treatment of children under one year of age (in some cases up to eight years);
  • In case of individual intolerance to any component;
  • With low blood clotting rates;
  • If there is no visible improvement after two to three days of taking the medication;
  • For pathologies of the cardiovascular system in an acute form;
  • In case of malfunction of the thyroid gland;
  • Transparent or light-colored nasal discharge or complete absence of discharge;
  • Systematic fluctuations in blood pressure.

However, topical antibiotics also have advantages, which include:

  • Stopping the source of the disease, preventing the subsequent spread of infection;
  • A short list of contraindications and side effects;
  • Low probability of developing addiction to the drug, since it does not enter the bloodstream;
  • No negative impact on the balance of beneficial microflora;
  • No harmful effects on the immune system;
  • Preventing the development of possible complications of the disease, its transition to chronic;
  • Accurate and rapid impact on the immediate source of the disease, without concomitant effects on the body in general.

However, it is worth remembering that sprays are not recommended for use for treatment for too long; they can cause:

  • Dryness and feeling of dryness of the nasal mucosa;
  • Irritations;
  • Allergic reactions;
  • Thinning of the blood vessels, which may result in bloody discharge from the nose.

Before using the medicine, it is recommended to clean the nasal passages. To do this, you can use a solution of sea salt, or specialized medications based on this substance.

The most common are Aqua Maris and Aqualor.

If, within a few months of recovery, the disease relapses and it becomes necessary to use antibiotics again for treatment, you should not use the same drug for treatment. This is due to the fact that pathogens develop immunity to the effects of the drug.

Antibiotic nasal spray

The drugs in this series are not particularly diverse; the most common are the following.

Nasal drops with antibiotic Isofra

The active component of the drug is framitecin, which has pronounced antibacterial characteristics. It affects the cell wall of bacteria, provokes disruptions in metabolic processes, provoking the death of the pathogenic microorganism.

Since framycetin is a representative of a number of aminoglycosides, it has a gentle effect and can be used even in the treatment of expectant mothers.

There are few side effects; most often they are observed as a minor rash on the skin.

Nasal drops with Polydex antibiotic

The medicine contains a complex of neomycin and polymyxin B, a vasoconstrictor component phenylephrine and a component that relieves inflammation - dexamemazone. As a result of the complexity of its components, Polydexa directly affects the source of inflammation, reducing the concentration of pathogenic microbes.

In addition, it reduces the amount of pus and stops the edematous processes that occur on the mucous membranes of the nose.

However, it is worth remembering that the glucocorticosteroid included in the medication is contraindicated for use during the period:

  • carrying a child,
  • lactation,
  • for kidney diseases,
  • acute respiratory diseases of viral origin
  • the presence of pathological abnormalities in the functioning of the cardiovascular system.

Sofradek

A drug with a complex composition containing the antibacterial substances framycetin, gramicidin C and the glucocorticosteroid dexamethasone. Since its composition is in many ways similar to Isofra and Polydex sprays, all the indications and contraindications indicated for them also apply to Sofradek drops.

The only exception worth considering is Sofradek, a medication for the treatment of otitis externa. It can be used as a nasal remedy, but spray forms of medication will be more effective.

Garazon

A drug for nasal and ear use, which contains the antibiotic gentamicin and betamethasone, which stop the development of inflammatory processes.

Like Sofradek, it is used primarily for the treatment of otitis media, but is also successfully used nasally. Contraindicated for use during pregnancy, breastfeeding, viral respiratory diseases, and children under eight years of age. For herpes and diabetes, it can only be used under the supervision of a physician with extreme caution.

Protargol

Silver protein solution. Roughly speaking, this is not exactly an antibiotic, but rather a disinfectant for the nasal cavity. This is a prescription medication that is manufactured to order directly from pharmacies in special departments.

The advantageous advantage of the medicine is the fact that it has virtually no contraindications. Protargol is perfect for people with high sensitivity and is acceptable in the treatment of pregnant women and children.

Nasal medications with antibiotics are not a particularly common group. Before choosing one of them, you should first consult with your doctor. Self-medication can lead to the development of serious complications, especially if the patient is found to have a personal intolerance to any of the components of the medication.

Are antibiotic nasal drops effective for sinusitis?

Sinusitis is a type of sinusitis that results in inflammation of the paranasal sinuses. It is impossible to cure sinusitis solely with drops and sprays, since the medicine does not enter directly into the nasal sinuses.

Sprays do not inject the medicine deeply enough for the effect to reach the site of inflammation. To treat the acute form of the disease, systematic oral antibiotics are required.

However, nasal drops with an antibacterial effect for sinusitis are not a waste of medicine. This is an additional treatment method that will not be superfluous.

The main thing is to follow the dosage, for example:

  • Isofra drops - 6 doses are allowed daily, one-time dripping into each nostril. When using this medication, it is not recommended to pre-rinse the nasal passages;
  • Polydex drops - up to five doses every day, once in each nostril. Before use, it is recommended to rinse the nostrils with Aqua Maris, sea salt solution, Aqualor or other available product.

Sinusitis is a serious disease that should not be left untreated. Drops with it are effective as an adjuvant. As an independent method of treating sinusitis, drops are not effective.

Antibacterial nasal drops for children

Antibacterial nasal drops for children are prescribed only if nasal congestion does not go away within a week. If this is not done on time, there is a high probability of developing complications of the disease, for example, adenoiditis.

Sprays are often used to treat children:

  • Isofra - approved for the treatment of young children. Most often, one injection into the nostril is prescribed three times throughout the day;
  • Polydexa is prescribed in cases of severe rhinitis caused by bacterial infection.

Do not forget that self-medication of a child without prior consultation with a specialist is unacceptable. Only a doctor can select the most suitable remedy, because the medicine should only help, but should not harm the baby.

Untimely use of a product with an antibacterial effect risks aggravating the situation and developing undesirable consequences.

Such medications must be prescribed by a doctor, since their use is permitted only in cases of acute illness or particularly advanced cases.

Can it be used during pregnancy?

Most medications of this type are not recommended for the treatment of pregnant women. This is due to the fact that the influence of the active ingredients of the drugs can negatively affect the condition of the fetus, slow down the development process or provoke the development of various pathologies of intrauterine development. The substances have a particularly negative effect on the child’s liver.

However, in some cases, specialists may prescribe Isofra, Protargol or others sprays with the most gentle effect.

It is strictly not recommended for pregnant women to independently use drugs with an antibacterial effect. The risk of harming the baby is too high.

Antibiotic medications for the treatment of nasal diseases are a common treatment practice. However, do not forget that these are potent medications, before taking which it is recommended to consult a doctor.

This is especially true in cases where the patient is a child under the age of eight, a pregnant woman or a nursing mother.

For more complete information about nasal drops with antibiotics, watch the video:

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Re: Antibiotics for the nose, the most effective drops and sprays, .

I am only familiar with protargol. I have never used nasal antibiotics for children; I have always tried to use traditional methods or drugs with a more gentle effect.

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Re: Antibiotics for the nose, the most effective drops and sprays, .

Sinusitis and sinusitis had to be treated more than once. They also prescribed antibiotics in the form of tablets and drops and sprays, donated blood for analysis, but never prescribed a nasal smear test before prescribing treatment.

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Nasal drops with antibacterial action: application and description

Often during the period of colds, many people are bothered by a runny nose. Special drops or sprays will help alleviate the patient’s condition and eliminate nasal congestion. There is a large selection of drugs for the treatment of diseases of the upper respiratory tract: vasoconstrictors, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial. Antibiotic nasal drops help cure various nasal diseases and get rid of bacterial infections in both children and adults.

The principle of action of antibacterial nasal drops

Antibacterial nasal drops

After using antibacterial drops in the nose, the active substance that is included in the preparations acts on the infection and prevents its reproduction. Medicines help dilate blood vessels, relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa and restore breathing.

Unlike the use of general antibiotics, nasal drops with an antibacterial effect have a number of advantages. After applying the drug to the site of infection, the medicine begins to act faster than drugs intended for oral use.

When using antibiotic-based drugs, the risk of allergic reactions and resistance is reduced. This is due to the fact that the drugs do not enter the bloodstream and intestines.

Nasal preparations with an antibacterial effect do not harm healthy microflora: the product does not spread beyond the nasal mucosa and does not lead to a decrease in immunity.

The most common drugs for the treatment of upper respiratory tract diseases are:

These antibiotic drugs are quite effective in fighting the runny nose, which is caused by various bacterial pathogens.

Antibacterial drops based on antibiotics are used to treat:

In rare cases, the doctor prescribes antibiotics, but only if serious bactericidal complications occur. Drugs with antibacterial action for topical use are prescribed when a runny nose lasts more than 5 days and is infectious in nature. Antibiotic nasal medications are used for the discharge of yellow, thick mucus from the nose, as well as for identifying the pathogen by inoculating the nasal mucus.

Features of using the drug Isofra

Antibacterial drug for the common cold Isofra

A medicine that contains the antibiotic framycetin. The drug acts bactericidal and inhibits the vital processes of pathogenic microorganisms. The antibacterial drug is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The drug is prescribed as a complex for the treatment of various infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The medicine is available in the form of a spray. Prescribed to children from one year of age and only under the strict supervision of a doctor.

It is prohibited to use medications on your own. When prescribing a particular drug, the doctor takes into account the type of infectious agent, as well as their sensitivity to antibacterial drugs.

Before using the antibiotic drug Isofra, the child’s sinuses should be cleared of mucus, and then the drug should be injected into each nostril.

This procedure should be carried out at least 3 times a day. The drug should be used for about 7-10 days. Injections for adults should be done at least 6 times. It is important to maintain equal time intervals before the procedure. The patient's condition improves within a few days. If it was not possible to eliminate a runny nose and ease breathing, then the causative agent of the disease is not sensitive to the antibiotic. In this case, you should stop using the spray and consult a doctor.

Useful video on how to treat a runny nose.

In rare cases, when using the drug, adverse reactions such as allergies appear. With long-term use of the drug, the normal microflora of the mucous membrane is disrupted, which leads to dysbacteriosis.

Isofra should not be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding. If there is an individual intolerance to individual components of the drug or an allergy to aminoglycosides, then the use of the drug is prohibited.

Action and use of the drug Polydexa

Antibacterial drug for runny nose Polydex

The drug is intended to reduce the amount of mucous secretions. The main active ingredients are the antibiotics neomycin and polymyxin. They have different effects on areas of inflammation.

The drug also contains other components that have antimicrobial, bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects. In otolaryngology, the drug Polydexa is used to treat rhinitis, otitis, and sinusitis of various microbial etiologies.

The antibacterial drug is available in the form of a spray or drops.

For children, injection should be carried out 2-3 times a day. For adults, the dosage increases and is 4-5 times a day in each nostril.

When using drugs in the form of drops, you must remember that they are intended for instillation only. The use of antibacterial agents for rinsing or inhalation is strictly prohibited. This may lead to the drug being swallowed. In this case, an overdose may occur and allergic reactions may occur. It also contributes to the suppression of the normal microflora of the nasopharynx.

Among the adverse reactions that may occur with prolonged and uncontrolled use of the drug, the following may appear:

  • Edema
  • Dryness and burning in the nose
  • Headache
  • Insomnia
  • Irritability
  • Tachycardia
  • Lower blood pressure

It is prohibited to use the drug for viral diseases of the nasopharynx and nasal cavity, glaucoma, or hypersensitivity to individual components of the drug. Pregnant and lactating women should use the drug only with a doctor's prescription.

Description and use of the drug Bioparox

Antibacterial drug for the common cold Bioparox

An antibiotic drug that contains the active substance fusafungin. The drug is intended to combat pathogens such as streptococci, mycoplasma, staphylococci, pneumococci, and candida. The drug acts not only on the surface of the nasal mucosa, but also on the oral cavity. When using the drug, resistance of pathogenic bacteria does not develop. Bioparox has antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory effects. Does not contain a vasoconstrictor component. The drug can be used by children from 2.5 years of age.

Bioparox is available only with a doctor's prescription. Use the product as inhalation through the nose or mouth. Before use, the drug must be shaken several times. After the administration of an antibacterial agent, a positive effect occurs several hours later. The drug does not dry out the nasal mucosa and reduces the amount of sputum and nasal discharge.

Taking into account the severity of the disease, the doctor selects an individual course of treatment for each person. For adults and children, the dosage is 4 inhalations per day through the mouth, 2 inhalations through the nose. The drug should be used for no more than 7 days.

The drug is well tolerated, but in special cases nausea, sneezing, bronchospasm, and dry mouth may occur.

Allergic reactions may occur. It is not recommended to use the drug for pregnant women. It is not recommended to use drugs independently to treat diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Any antibacterial agent for the nose is prescribed by a doctor.

Before treatment, you should consult a specialist and read the instructions for using the antibacterial drug. Frequent use of nasal drops with an antibiotic can lead to negative consequences:

  • Causes addiction to the drug
  • The walls of the nasal passage become thin
  • The supply of nutrients is disrupted
  • When pressure changes, nosebleeds occur

To speed up the recovery process, you should consult a doctor in a timely manner and follow his strict recommendations. This will prevent negative consequences from occurring.

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Comments (2)

Svetlana

01/03/2016 at 23:11 | #

During a cold, we need to ease our breathing, as our nose is often stuffy. What is needed is treatment. And drops with antibiotics perform this task much faster. They help not only relieve nasal swelling, but also treat the disease itself.

12/30/2017 at 11:03 | #

Drops with an antibacterial effect are ideally a very effective remedy, but in reality, you usually find even an effective general-action antibiotic on the third or fourth try, and the same is true with drops.

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Nasal sprays. Which spray to choose for nasal diseases?

Nasal spray is a relatively new dosage form. For a long time, intranasal drugs were limited to simple drops, and only a few decades ago an alternative appeared in domestic pharmacies. With the help of nasal sprays you can cure allergies, sinusitis, rhinitis and common dryness of the nasal mucosa. What are they, and how to use them correctly?

>> The site presents an extensive selection of medications for the treatment of sinusitis and other nasal diseases. Enjoy it for your health! <

Why spray?

But first, let's figure out how the spray differs from its more experienced “predecessor” - nasal drops. For example, let’s take the simplest solution of sea water in the form of drops and spray and compare their effectiveness.

Ordinary nasal drops wash the nasal cavity quite unevenly. And even more so, they cannot penetrate through the mouth into the paranasal maxillary sinuses, and, therefore, the effectiveness of intranasal drops for sinusitis is extremely doubtful.

With sprays the situation is different. When spraying modern sprays, the medicine practically turns into a finely dispersed mixture, which is evenly distributed throughout the entire nasal cavity. Thus, not a single area of ​​the nasopharynx will be left “unattended.” In addition, the spray is sprayed with a certain force. Medicine that penetrates into the nasal cavity under pressure can penetrate into its most remote areas and even into the paranasal sinuses. Therefore, irrigating the nose with sea water sprays is in some way a hygienic procedure for the maxillary sinuses and the prevention of sinusitis.

Types of nasal sprays

There are several nasal sprays on the modern market, which are representatives of different groups of medications. Let's list them:

  • vasoconstrictor sprays (alpha-adrenergic agonists);
  • antiallergic sprays;
  • antiseptic sprays;
  • drugs with antibiotics;
  • moisturizing sprays with isotonic or hypertonic solution, sea water;
  • homeopathic sprays for runny nose.

A separate group includes Chinese sprays and spray-balms for runny nose and sinusitis, which are quite popular in Russia. Now it’s time to get down to specifics, and let’s start our excursion with the most common and well-known drugs - vasoconstrictors.

Nasal sprays for runny nose: quickly and effectively

Alpha adrenergic agonists (vasoconstrictor sprays) are pioneers among remedies for the common cold. They have been used for several decades, and during this time pharmacists have thoroughly studied the positive and negative aspects of these drugs. The pharmacological action of alpha-adrenergic agonists is based on the narrowing of blood vessels in the nasal cavity, which leads to a reduction in swelling and restoration of nasal breathing. In addition, the volume of nasal secretions also decreases during the action of alpha-agonists. Let us add that nasal sprays for a runny nose have a symptomatic, not a therapeutic effect: they alleviate rhinitis and rhinosinusitis, but do not cure the disease itself.

Naphazoline

The most age-appropriate alpha-adrenergic agonist, naphazoline, is gradually becoming a thing of the past. A nasal spray with naphazoline, just like drops, is effective for a fairly limited period of time - only a few hours. Due to the short-term vasoconstrictive effect and excessive drying of the nasal mucosa, naphazoline is used extremely rarely, and in pediatrics they try to avoid it altogether.

Nevertheless, in Russian pharmacies you can buy the domestic spray Naphthyzin, which has a very affordable price, as well as the Czech spray Sanorin, known since Soviet times.

Xylometazoline

Xylometazoline is slightly younger than naphazoline, but it already has undeniable advantages over the founder of the group. Sprays for nasal congestion with xylometazoline act longer and more gently, without irritating or drying out the nasal mucosa.

The German nasal spray with xylometazoline Grippostad Rino, Dlynos produced by Sandoz, Doctor Theiss Nazolin, Xylobene for children and adults and others are registered in the Russian Federation. The Norwegian company Nycomed produces Xymelin Eco spray and Xymelin Eco with menthol. The latter is sold in the form of a regular nasal spray and in dosed form, one spray of which contains a strictly defined dose of medication. Swiss runny nose sprays for children and adults from the Otrivin line are also popular. All adult forms of xylometazoline spray have a concentration of 0.1%, and all children's forms have a concentration of 0.05%.

Oxymetazoline

Another alpha-adrenergic agonist, oxymetazoline has a wide variety of release forms. It is adapted for children from birth to one year, from one to six years old and children over six years old and adults. Oxymetazoline is produced in three concentrations, which are intricately intertwined and poorly remembered not only by consumers, but also by pharmacists. Let's try to unravel this tangle. So, nasal sprays with oxymetazoline can have three forms of release:

  • 0.025% for newborns and children under 1 year;
  • 0.01% for children 1–6 years old;
  • 0.05% for children over 6 years old and adults.

Domestic pharmacies sell several sprays for the common cold with oxymetazoline, and among them are Afrin produced in Canada, Nazivin and Nazivin Sensitive from Merck, Germany, Nazol and Nazol Advance (for adults), produced by Bayer and some others.

Tramazolin

Tramazolin is one of the most modern alpha-agonists, which is available only in the form of a nasal spray. It has the longest effect of all vasoconstrictor drugs for the common cold. Only one tramazolin preparation is registered in Russia, called Lazolvan Rino. It is produced by the famous German company Boehringer Ingelheim. Lazolvan Rino is approved for use in children over 6 years of age and adults.

Combined sprays for runny nose

This group includes the well-known complex vasoconstrictor spray Vibrocil. It contains the antiallergic component dimethindene and the vasoconstrictor phenylephrine. A distinctive property of Vibrocil is its gentle effect on the nasal mucosa. Vibrocil spray is used to treat allergic rhinitis, as well as viral and bacterial rhinitis and rhinosinusitis in children over 6 years of age and adults. The original drug, which has no analogues today, is produced by the Swiss company Novartis.

Another unique combination spray, Rinofluimucil, contains a mucus thinning substance (acetylcysteine) and a vasoconstrictor component.

Allergies: from cromoglycates to hormones

Antiallergic nasal sprays are divided into two large and fundamentally different groups - cromoglycates and glucocorticosteroids. Cromoglycates are preparations of cromoglycic acid. They stabilize mast cell membranes. It is from these cells that during allergies, the main culprits of severe allergic symptoms are released - histamine and other, less active mediators.

It should be borne in mind that the effect of cromoglycates accumulates very slowly, over several weeks. This slowness is explained simply: the allocated portion of histamine is already conducting military operations with might and main, and cromoglycic acid does not affect it. The effect of the medicine will appear only when the next batch of mediators is ready to “disembark” from mast cells. Therefore, it is recommended to take membrane stabilizers before the start of the allergy season, preferably a month or even more.

Glucocorticosteroids work in a completely different way. These are local hormonal drugs that have a pronounced anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effect. Don't be afraid of the word "hormones".

Hormonal nasal sprays are practically not absorbed into the bloodstream. Some of them, for example, Nasonex, are prescribed to children from two years of age, and in the West even to pregnant women.

It is hormonal intranasal allergy sprays that are recognized as the most effective means of combating this scourge. They begin to act a few days after the start of therapy.

Meet allergy nasal sprays

Cromoglicic acid

Cromoglicic acid preparations can be used to treat children over 5 years of age. They are given four times a day for four weeks or more. The withdrawal of medications should be carried out gradually, reducing the dosage and frequency of use over seven days.

In Russian pharmacies you can buy CromoHexal, a drug from the Slovak company Sandoz, the German nasal spray Kromoglin (Merkle company) and again the German drug Stadaglycin (Stada).

Beclomethasone

Beclomethasone is one of the first intranasal glucocorticoids. Among the hormonal nasal sprays for allergies, it is the “weakest”. Beclomethasone preparations begin to act 4–5 days after the start of regular use (2–4 times a day). In extremely rare cases, beclomethasone can cause perforation of the nasal septum. To prevent this, the medicine should be sprayed not on the septum, but along the nasal passage.

There are several names of nasal allergy sprays containing beclomethasone on the Russian market, including the Belgian Aldecin (manufactured by the well-known company Schering Plau), Beconase and the Czech Nasobek spray. Let us add that Beconase, which is produced by the pharmaceutical concern Glaxo, has a pleasant lilac scent. This is how the manufacturer protected its drug from counterfeits.

Fluticasone

Another intranasal corticosteroid, a nasal spray, which, according to the instructions, is approved for use in children over 4 years of age. The drug is prescribed 2 injections twice a day for several weeks (or until the effect of the allergen ceases). Relief occurs 3-4 days after the start of therapy.

Fluticasone preparations are marketed under the trade names Flixonase (manufactured by Glaxo) and Fluticasone (Russia). In addition, there is another anti-allergic nasal spray with fluticasone furoate on the market - Avamys.

Mometasone

The list of the best nasal sprays for allergies is headed by mometasone - the most modern and powerful of all existing intranasal agents with corticosteroid hormones. It is practically not absorbed into the systemic circulation, and therefore has a very high safety profile. Mometasone is officially approved for use in children over two years of age. It is prescribed not only for allergic rhinitis, but also for sinusitis, rhinitis and other rhinosinusitis. The drug begins to work, at best, a day after the start of treatment, which involves two injections into each nasal passage.

Russian pharmacies sell several mometasone preparations, and among them: Nasonex (the original Belgian nasal spray produced by Schering Plow) and Desrinit from the Israeli company Teva.

Antiseptics for the nose

Antiseptic sprays for irrigation of the nasal cavity are most often used for rhinosinusitis, including sinusitis. Their goal is to fight bacteria and, to a lesser extent, viruses in the nasal cavity and maxillary sinuses.

Miramistin preparations are prescribed as the most popular and effective antiseptic nasal sprays for sinusitis. They are active against many microorganisms, including streptococci, staphylococci, including Staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas, fungi of the genus Aspergillus and penicillium, candida and other pathogens.

Antibiotic nasal sprays

Nasal sprays that contain antibiotics are highly effective drugs for a runny nose of bacterial origin, including sinusitis. They cannot be taken for a common runny nose in the broad sense of the word, that is, for viral rhinitis. Antibiotics have no effect on viruses, but miraculously help resistant strains of bacteria “grow.”

In order not to confuse a viral and bacterial infection with sinusitis or rhinitis and not to start useless and even harmful antibiotic therapy, nasal sprays with antibiotics should be used only as prescribed by a doctor.

Only two preparations in the form of sprays containing antibacterial active ingredients are available in domestic pharmacies.

Polydexa with phenylephrine

Polydex complex nasal spray with phenylepherine contains:

  • dexamethasone, a powerful glucocorticosteroid with anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects;
  • neomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae and other bacteria;
  • polymyxin, another antibiotic that is effective against Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae infections;
  • phenylephrine is an alpha-adrenergic agonist that constricts blood vessels and facilitates nasal breathing.

Thanks to its complex, precisely selected composition, Polydex nasal spray with phenylephrine is an effective treatment for most cases of acute and chronic bacterial sinusitis. The drug is used to treat adults and children over 2.5 years old, 1 injection 3–5 times a day for 5–10 days.

Isofra

Isofra is another antibacterial nasal spray used for a runny nose of bacterial etiology. It is interesting that both Polydex and Isofra are produced by the same company: the French Bouchard-Recordati Laboratory. Unlike Polydex, Isofra contains one active ingredient - an antibiotic of the aminoglycoside group, framycetin. It is active against staphylococci and some strains of streptococcus, as well as many gram-negative bacteria.

Isofra nasal spray is injected 4-6 times a day into each nasal passage for 7-10 days.

Simple and effective: saline solutions

An important place in the list of medications used for various types of runny nose is occupied by aqua sprays for rinsing the nose with sodium chloride. The pharmaceutical industry produces many similar drugs, including sprays with hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic solutions, as well as with sea water. All of them can be hypo-, hyper- or isotonic.

Despite their apparent simplicity, sprays with sea water or saline solution are indispensable for inflammatory and allergic diseases of the nasal cavity: viral, bacterial and allergic rhinitis, sinusitis and other rhinosinusitis. These drugs perfectly moisturize the mucous membrane of the nose and maxillary sinuses, thin out thick nasal secretions and facilitate their removal, and wash viruses from the surface of the mucous membrane, preventing the development of a viral infection.

Nasal sprays with a hypertonic solution, due to the high osmolar pressure formed in the nasal cavity, improve the removal of purulent secretions in bacterial purulent rhinitis and sinusitis.

There are many preparations with sea water and saline solution in the form of sprays for the nose and throat. Let's highlight the most popular:

  • Salin (hypotonic solution, also intended for small children);
  • Physiodosis;
  • Aqua Maris;
  • Humer;
  • Dolphin.

Most drugs are produced in a whole line, which includes isotonic and hypertonic solutions, as well as adapted forms for children with small attachments.

Cosmetic Chinese nasal sprays

Recently, Chinese nasal balm sprays for sinusitis and runny nose, which are sold in online and cosmetic stores, have become somewhat popular. Let’s make it clear right away that all Chinese sprays have nothing to do with medications. None of these products are registered as medicinal products. Consequently, the composition of Chinese nasal sprays, their safety and effectiveness are highly questionable.

Homeopathic treatment for runny nose

Ready-made local homeopathic preparations for the treatment of runny nose are available only in the form of nasal sprays. They are used as an additional remedy for rhinitis and sinusitis, including chronic ones. Homeopathic intranasal sprays should be used with caution for allergic rhinitis - in this case, the body may be sensitive to one of the components of the drug, which will cause a worsening of the condition.

Both doctors and patients still argue about the effectiveness of homeopathic sprays, as well as any other homeopathic medicines. But while the controversy continues, many patients trust treatment with small doses and get real results.

Among homeopathic nasal remedies, the most famous are Euphorbium compositum sprays (German drug from Hel) and Delufen produced by Bittner, which can be used to treat children from one year of age and even younger.

Spray for sinusitis with cyclamen

Cyclamen nasal sprays are a recognized effective remedy for improving drainage in the sinuses. Cyclamen extract acts on the trigeminal nerve receptors, which are located in the area of ​​the middle nasal passage and reflexively increases the secretion of nasal mucus. The classic spray for sinusitis with cyclamen extract is Sinuforte, produced by the domestic company Invar.

Attention: children!

In conclusion, I would like to emphasize that nasal sprays are not recommended for the treatment of infants. This is due to the potential for the development of bronchospasm in response to a sudden and quite sharp entry of a stream of medicinal solution into the nasopharynx. Some manufacturers have found a “golden mean” and offered children under one year of age adapted sprays with a low spray force and the possibility of drip administration (for example, Salin). However, when spraying a small child's nose with spray, be careful and follow the instructions. Treat a runny nose safely, and let your whole family breathe deeply!

Source: http://gaimoriti.ru/medicamenty/sprei-dlya-nosa.html

Antibacterial nasal drops

Medicines with an antibacterial effect for topical use, which are used in the treatment of diseases of the nose and sinuses, are available in the form of nasal sprays. Antibiotic nasal drops are not available. This is largely due to the fact that drops are more difficult to dose than nasal sprays, as well as the smaller volume of medication entering the nasal cavity when inhaling an aerosol. The most common antibiotics for nasal use are Isofra, Polidexa, and Bioparox.

Mechanism of action

All these drugs contain antibacterial substances.

The active ingredient in Isofra is framycetin. It is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. It has a powerful bacteria-killing (bactericidal) effect. Framycetin is effective against most bacteria that cause inflammation of the respiratory tract.

The Bioparox inhalation aerosol contains fusafungin, a polypeptide antibiotic isolated from the fungus Fusariumlateritium. It is active against streptococci, staphylococci and many other microorganisms. Fusafungin is able to reduce inflammation and relieve swelling of the mucous membrane.

Polydex spray is a combination medication. It contains two antibiotics - neomycin and polymyxin B. Neomycin belongs to the group of aminoglycosides and acts on many pathogenic bacteria. Polymyxin B is a polypeptide antibiotic obtained from the bacterium Bacillus polymyxa. It has a bactericidal effect against many microbes (mostly gram-negative, with the exception of coccal flora) that cause respiratory tract infections. The combined use of these drugs reduces the likelihood of microbe resistance to treatment in each specific clinical case.

Polidex spray also contains dexamethasone and phenylephrine. Dexamethasone is a glucocorticosteroid hormone for topical use that has anti-inflammatory, decongestant, and antiallergic effects. Phenylephrine is a strong vasoconstrictor.

Indications for use

Antibacterial nasal sprays should be prescribed by a doctor. When choosing them, the doctor is guided by epidemiological data on the causative agents of bacterial infections in the region and their sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. For viral infections, these medications are ineffective. Antibiotic sprays are prescribed for the following diseases:

  • acute and chronic rhinitis, nasopharyngitis, sinusitis caused by sensitive bacteria;
  • prevention of infection after surgery on the nasal cavity or sinuses.

Side effects

Antibacterial agents for topical use are practically not absorbed into the blood, so the risk of developing their systemic effects is minimal. These drugs do not cause dysbacteriosis and immunity disorders.

The most common side effects are irritation of the nasal mucosa, burning, sneezing, and itching in the nose. "Polydex" can cause dry mucous membranes and a tendency to nosebleeds.

All these drugs can cause an allergic reaction in the form of urticaria, angioedema, and anaphylactic shock.

For the Bioparox spray, an effect such as laryngospasm (spasm of the larynx) is described.

Contraindications

"Bioparox" and "Polidexa" are contraindicated for children under 2 years 6 months.

All these drugs are contraindicated in case of individual intolerance, as well as during breastfeeding.

Use during pregnancy is possible with caution as prescribed by a doctor, except for Polydex spray. It is contraindicated during pregnancy.

"Polydex" is contraindicated in kidney diseases accompanied by albuminuria (protein excretion in the urine), angle-closure glaucoma, and with the simultaneous use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

Application

The dosage and frequency of use are prescribed by the doctor, taking into account the severity of the disease, the patient’s age and other factors. The course of treatment is usually 5–7 days. Before using an antibacterial spray, it is recommended to clear the nasal cavity of mucous secretions, and in some cases, use vasoconstrictor medications.

Source: http://ingalin.ru/lekarstva/kapli-v-nos/kapli-v-nos-s-antibiotikom.html

Nasal spray for sinusitis, list of medications

There are a wide variety of nasal sprays that are used to treat sinusitis. The main advantages of using medications in the form of a spray are:

Drops into the nose should be instilled in a lying position; the spray can be used in any place and position.

Due to uniform spraying, medicinal substances penetrate the blood vessels faster and exert their effect.

Less chance of overdose.

A convenient spray dispenser allows you to accurately administer the required amount of the drug. To treat sinusitis, several types of sprays have been developed, which differ in their action and have the following effects:

  • Vasoconstrictor;
  • Antibacterial;
  • Antiallergic.
  • Anti-inflammatory;
  • Mucolytic;
  • Moisturizing.

Combination sprays contain several active ingredients and combine various properties.

Vasoconstrictors

They do not have a therapeutic effect, but they are quite effective in eliminating manifestations of sinusitis, such as nasal congestion. They help remove mucus accumulated in the sinuses. They are used for no more than 10 days, as they cause an addictive effect. The effectiveness of the drug gradually decreases over time.

Common side effects include: nosebleeds, allergic reactions, increased blood pressure. Contraindicated for use in pregnant and lactating women, children under one year old, and people with arterial hypertension.

Depending on the active substance, several groups are distinguished:

Short-acting sprays (based on naphazoline).

They work for up to 4 hours, are effective, but cause severe dryness of the mucous membrane and are quickly addictive. Preparations:

  • Naphazoline;
  • Naphthyzin;
  • Sanorin.

Medium action sprays (based on xylometazoline).

Valid for 5–6 hours. They work more gently than the previous group of drugs. Representatives:

  • Otrivin;
  • Rinomaris;
  • Xymelin.

Long-acting sprays (based on oxymetazoline).

They work up to 12 hours. Preparations:

They act for about 4 hours, have a mild effect and are approved for use in children. Representatives: nazol-kids, vibrocil.

Products with a moisturizing effect

Solutions based on sea salt cleanse the mucous membrane, moisturize it and partially reduce swelling of the nasal cavity during sinusitis. They have no side effects or contraindications other than individual intolerance. Can be used in pregnant women and children up to one year old for a long time.

Moisturizing sprays contain purified sea water with varying concentrations of salts or regular saline solution. Representatives:

  • Humer;
  • Salin;
  • Aquamaris.

Interesting! Some sprays have the ability to open the bottle of solution. Therefore, after using the spray, you can pour saline solution or a self-prepared sea salt solution into the bottle and use it to further moisturize your nose.

Sprays affecting viscosity and mucus removal

Mucolytic sprays help to liquefy and remove viscous secretions from the sinuses during sinusitis. Main representative:

Sinuforte is a herbal preparation based on cyclamen extract and juice. When used, it significantly increases the secretion of mucus, which dilutes stagnant mucus and removes it from the sinuses.

Having a harsh effect, it often causes lacrimation, pain in the eyes and redness of the face. Contraindicated for use in children under 12 years of age, pregnant and lactating women, as well as patients with a tendency to allergic reactions.

Apply one injection into each nostril once a day or every other day. For sinusitis, the course of treatment is about two weeks.

Antibiotic sprays

Sprays that contain local antibacterial drugs are used in the treatment of mild forms of sinusitis or as part of complex therapy for the disease. Representatives:

Bioparox is a drug based on the antibiotic fusafungine. For sinusitis, use a nasal tip. Apply one inhalation into each nostril every 4–6 hours (depending on age). Approved for use in children over 2.5 years of age and pregnant women.

Isofra – contains the bactericidal antibiotic framycetin. Use for 10 days, several injections into each nostril daily. Approved for use in children from one year of age.

Sprays based on glucocorticosteroids

These drugs have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, but show their effect several days after the first use of the drug. They are used to treat allergic and polypous forms of sinusitis. Use it for a month, then take a break of several months, and then return to using the spray again. Representatives:

The main side effect is dryness of the mucous membrane and increased fragility of blood vessels in the nose, which increases the risk of developing nosebleeds.

For prevention, it is recommended to regularly moisturize the nasal mucosa with saline solutions, or drip a few drops of vegetable oil (olive, sea buckthorn, etc.) into the nose.

All these sprays are used in the same way: two sprays into each nostril once a day in adults and one spray once a day in children under 12 years of age.

Nasonex for sinusitis

Nasonex is a spray that is produced by Belgian manufacturers in special bottles. The drug contains the active substance mometasone, which is a synthetic glucocorticoid, and can have a strong anti-inflammatory effect. For ease of use, the package with the drug contains a dispenser.

The mechanism of action of the drug is to prevent the release of inflammatory mediators and inhibit an immediate allergic reaction.

Nasonex is used in adult patients and children over 2 years of age for seasonal and chronic allergic rhinitis. It also helps in adults (over 18 years old) with nasal polyps and impaired smell function.

Nazonenex for sinusitis and rhinosinusitis is used in acute processes or exacerbations of chronic ones as an additional treatment. Sinusitis is treated with this auxiliary remedy twice a day, 3 doses at a time. For a child from 2 years to 12 years old, the nasal cavity should be irrigated three times a day, one measured dose at a time.

Herbal remedies

They are less effective, but are approved for use in pregnant women with sinusitis. Representative: pinosol (spray based on pine, eucalyptus and mint oils).

Combination drugs

To treat and eliminate the symptoms of sinusitis, sprays are widely used that combine the effects of several active components at once. Popular representatives:

A combination of acetylcysteine ​​(mucolytic) and a vasoconstrictor component (tuaminoheptane sulfate). Effectively reduces swelling in the nose, dilutes viscous secretions and promotes its removal from the sinuses. The course of treatment takes a week. Adults are recommended 2 doses 2-3 times a day, children 1 dose respectively.

Polydex with phenylephrine.

A combination of a local hormone (dexamethasone) and two antibiotics (neomycin and polymyxin B).

Spray with vasoconstrictor and antiallergic effects.

On a note. Any liquid preparation for topical treatment of sinusitis can be converted into a spray using a compression or ultrasonic nebulizer.

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Source: http://gaimoritus.ru/lekarstva-i-proceduri/sprej-ot-gajmorita-dlya-lecheniya.html