Hormonal drugs for inhalation

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Solutions for inhalers (nebulizers)

Nowadays, nebulizers are very popular among doctors and mothers in the treatment of respiratory diseases, diseases of the nasopharynx and oral cavity. Unlike steam inhalers, this device sprays the medicine into small particles, visually it looks like steam or fog.

Table of contents:

Therefore, when using a nebulizer, there is no chance of getting burned, and the medicine sprayed by the device is easily inhaled. Depending on the desired effect, completely different combinations of drugs can be used in the nebulizer. Before using them, ALWAYS consult your doctor. In this article we will talk about the most popular and effective nebulizer solutions.

Drugs that dilate the bronchi (Bronchodilators)

Active ingredient: fenoterol and ipratropium bromide (solution for inhalation) – Prevention and treatment of suffocation in chronic obstructive respiratory diseases. The most effective of bronchodilators, has the least side effects.

Adults and children over 12 years old – 2 ml (40 drops) of the drug per 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day

Children from 6 to 12 years old – 1 ml (20 drops) of the drug per 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day

Children under 6 years old – 0.5 ml (10 drops) of the drug per 1 inhalation, up to 3 times a day

To prepare an inhalation solution, add 3 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

Active ingredient: fenoterol (0.1% solution for inhalation)

Dosage for relieving an attack of bronchial asthma:

Adults and children over 12 years old – 0.5 ml (0.5 mg – 10 drops), in severe cases – 1 ml (1 mg – 20 drops)

Children 6–12 years old (body weight 22–36 kg) – 0.25-0.5 ml (0.25-0.5 mg – 5-10 drops), in severe cases – 1 ml (1 mg – 20 drops) )

Dosage for the prevention and symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:

Adults and children over 6 years old – 0.5 ml (0.5 mg – 10 drops) per 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day

Children under 6 years old (body weight less than 22 kg) – 0.25-1 ml (0.25-1 mg – 5-20 drops), up to 3 times a day

The recommended dose is diluted with saline immediately before use to a volume of 3–4 ml. The interval between inhalations should not be less than 4 hours.

Active ingredient: salbutamol (0.1% solution for inhalation) – Relief of asthma attacks, prevention and symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The effect is significantly inferior to Berotek

Adults and children – 2.5 ml (2.5 mg) per 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day with an interval between inhalations of at least 6 hours

Intended for use undiluted

Active ingredient: ipratropium bromide (0.025% solution for inhalation) – Relief of asthma attacks, prevention and symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The effect is somewhat inferior to Berotek and salbutamol preparations, but the main advantage is the safety of use

Adults and children over 12 years old – 0.5 mg (40 drops) per 1 inhalation, 3–4 times a day

Children 6–12 years old – 0.25 mg (20 drops) per 1 inhalation, 3–4 times a day

Children under 6 years of age – 0.1–0.25 mg (8-20 drops) per 1 inhalation, 3–4 times a day (under medical supervision).

The recommended dose is diluted with saline immediately before use to a volume of 3–4 ml. The interval between inhalations is at least 2 hours

Drugs that thin sputum (Mucolytics) and remove phlegm (Secretolytics, expectorants)

Active ingredient: acetylcysteine ​​(10% solution for injection) – Impairing the discharge of sputum from the lower respiratory tract, facilitating the discharge of mucous secretions in the upper respiratory tract

Adults and children over 12 years old – 3 ml of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

Children from 6 to 12 years old – 2 ml of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

Children from 2 to 6 years old – 1-2 ml of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

The recommended dose of the drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:1

Course of treatment – ​​no more than 10 days

Acetylcysteine ​​preparations should not be used simultaneously with antibiotics, because they reduce the absorption of antibiotics. In cases where simultaneous administration of acetylcysteine ​​and an antibiotic is required, either another form of the drug is used: “Fluimucil-antibiotic”, or other mucolytic drugs compatible with antibiotics are used (for example, based on ambroxol). It should be noted that the use of acetylcysteine ​​preparations reduces the toxic effect of paracetamol on the liver.

Active ingredient: ambroxol (solution for inhalation and oral administration) – Acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory tract with the release of viscous sputum

Adults and children over 6 years old – 2-3 ml of solution per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

Children from 2 to 6 years old – 2 ml of solution per 1 inhalation 1-2 times a day

Children under 2 years old – 1 ml of solution per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

To prepare an inhalation solution, the recommended dose of the drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:1

Course of treatment – ​​no more than 5 days

Drugs based on amboxol should not be used simultaneously with antitussive drugs (for example: codeine, libexin, falimint, broncholitin, pectussin, sinekod, etc.). The use of ambroxol preparations promotes good absorption of antibiotics.

Narzan, Borjomi (slightly alkaline mineral waters)

Moisturizing the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract

For 1 inhalation use 3-4 ml of mineral water, 2-4 times a day.

Before inhalation, mineral water should be left to degas.

Homeopathic herbal medicine (drops based on plant extracts: gentian root, sorrel, primrose, elderberry, verbena) – Restores the protective properties and reduces swelling of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract in acute and chronic sinusitis. Promotes the outflow of exudate from the paranasal sinuses

To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline solution:

For adults and children over 16 years of age - in a ratio of 1:1 (per 1 ml of drug 1 ml of saline solution)

For children from 6 to 16 years old - in a ratio of 1:2 (2 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

For children from 2 to 6 years old - in a ratio of 1:3 (3 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

Cough medicine, herbal medicine (powder (for children and adults)

To prepare a solution based on plant extracts: anise, licorice root, marshmallow root, thermopsis) – Respiratory tract diseases accompanied by cough, especially with difficulty in sputum discharge

To prepare an inhalation solution, the contents of 1 package should be dissolved in 15 ml of saline until completely dissolved without sediment.

For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

Mucaltin, herbal medicine (tablets based on marshmallow root extract)

Expectorant for diseases of the respiratory tract and lungs

To prepare an inhalation solution, dissolve 1 tablet in 80 ml of saline until completely dissolved without sediment.

For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

Pertussin, herbal medicine (solution based on plant extract: thyme, thyme)

Expectorant for tracheitis, bronchitis, whooping cough

To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline solution:

For adults and children over 12 years old - in a ratio of 1:1 (per 1 ml of drug 1 ml of saline solution)

For children under 12 years of age - in a ratio of 1:2 (2 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

Herbal medicine (alcohol infusion of plant extracts: calendula, chamomile, yarrow) – Acute inflammatory diseases of the upper and middle respiratory tract

The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline in a ratio of 1:40 (1 ml of the drug per 40 ml of saline)

For 1 inhalation, use 4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

Propolis, herbal medicine (tincture)

Inflammatory processes, pain and injuries of the upper and middle respiratory tract

The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline in a ratio of 1:20 (1 ml of the drug per 20 ml of saline)

For 1 inhalation, use 3 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

Contraindications – allergies to bee products

Eucalyptus, herbal medicine (alcohol tincture)

Inflammatory diseases of the upper and middle respiratory tract

The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting drops of the drug in 200 ml of saline solution

For 1 inhalation use 3 ml of the resulting solution, 3-4 times a day

Contraindications – bronchial asthma, bronchospasm (suffocation)

Dietary supplement (alcohol tincture based on minerals and plant extracts) – Acute inflammatory diseases and pain of the upper and middle respiratory tract

The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline solution in a ratio of 1:30 (1 ml of the drug per 30 ml of saline solution)

For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

Homeopathic herbal medicine (drops based on plant extracts: marshmallow root, walnut leaves, horsetail, chamomile, yarrow, oak bark, dandelion) Acute and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract (tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis)

To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline solution:

For adults and children over 7 years old - in a ratio of 1:1 (per 1 ml of the drug 1 ml of saline solution)

For children from 1 to 7 years old - in a ratio of 1:2 (2 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

For children under 1 year - in a ratio of 1:3 (3 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

Calendula, herbal medicine (alcohol infusion of calendula extract)

Acute inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline in a ratio of 1:40 (1 ml of the drug per 40 ml of saline)

For 1 inhalation use 4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day

Anti-inflammatory hormonal drugs (Glucocorticosteroids) and antiallergic drugs (Antihistamines)

Active ingredient: budesonide (suspension for inhalation, available in “child” (0.25 mg/ml) and “adult” (0.5 mg/ml) dosages) – Acute inflammatory diseases of the lower respiratory tract (bronchial asthma, chronic lung disease ), requiring treatment with hormonal drugs. Has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects.

Adults/elderly and children over 12 years of age – 1 mg per 1 inhalation, 1-3 times a day

Children from 6 months. and up to 12 years – 0.25 mg per 1 inhalation, 1-3 times a day

This drug is not used in ultrasonic nebulizers. If a single dose of the drug is less than 2 ml, then saline solution should be added to increase the volume of the inhaled solution to 2 ml. In other cases, the drug is inhaled in its pure form (without dilution in saline).

Daily dose of the drug:

0.25 mg/ml – 1 ml 0.25 mg/ml

0.5 mg/ml – 2 ml 0.25 mg/ml

0.75 mg/ml – 3 ml 0.25 mg/ml

1 mg/ml – 4 ml of 0.25 ml/mg or 2 ml of 0.5 mg/ml

1.5 mg/ml – 3 ml 0.5 mg/ml

2 mg/ml – 4 ml 0.5 mg/ml

(0.4% solution for injection, 4 mg/ml) – Acute inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract requiring treatment with hormonal drugs

For 1 inhalation, use 0.5 ml (2 mg) of the drug, up to 4 times a day.

The course of treatment is no more than 7 days

To prepare an inhalation solution, 3 ml of saline solution should be added to the recommended dose of the drug.

You can also pre-dilute ampoules with the drug in saline solution in a ratio of 1:6 (6 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhale 3-4 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

Active ingredient: cromoglycic acid (inhalation solution, 20 mg / 2 ml) – Has anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic effects.

For adults and children over 2 years of age, inhale the contents of 1 bottle (without dilution with saline) 4 times a day, if possible, at equal time intervals.

If necessary, the recommended dose can be increased by 2 times, and the frequency of use can be increased up to 6 times.

Antimicrobial and antibacterial drugs (Antibiotics and Antiseptics)

Antibiotic, active ingredient: acetylcysteine ​​and thiamphenicol (powder for injection and inhalation complete with solvent) – The need for simultaneous administration of an antibiotic and a drug that dilutes and removes sputum and mucus from the lower and upper respiratory tract

To prepare the drug, add 5 ml of solvent (1 ampoule) to the bottle with the powder. The resulting preparation should be stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day, before use it should be warmed to room temperature.

Adults and children over 12 years old – ½ bottle (250 mg) for 1 inhalation 1-2 times a day

Children under 12 years old – ¼ bottle (125 mg) per 1 inhalation 1-2 times a day

To prepare an inhalation solution, add 2 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

Active ingredient: nitrofural (0.024% aqueous solution, 1:5000) – Has disinfectant properties. Treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, prevention of infection penetration into deeper parts of the bronchial tree

For inhalation, use a ready-made solution of furatsilin (in its pure form, without dilution in saline) 4 ml per 1 inhalation 2 times a day. This solution must be ordered from the production department of the pharmacy.

You can prepare the solution yourself by dissolving 1 tablet of furatsilin in 100 ml of saline until completely dissolved without sediment. Inhale 4 ml of the resulting solution 2 times a day.

(0.5% or 1% solution for injection) – Has broad-spectrum disinfectant properties.

To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:4 for a 1% drug or in a ratio of 1:2 for a 0.5% drug.

For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 2 times a day.

Herbal medicine (1% alcohol infusion based on chlorophyll from eucalyptus leaves) – Staphylococcal respiratory tract infection

The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline solution in a ratio of 1:10 (1 ml of the drug per 10 ml of saline solution)

For 1 inhalation, use 3 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

The product stains very strongly and cannot be washed off!

(4% gentamicin sulfate injection, 40 mg/ml)

Respiratory tract infections

Adults and children over 12 years old – 0.5 ml (20 mg) of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

Children from 2 to 12 years old – 0.25 ml (10 mg) of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

To prepare an inhalation solution, 3 ml of saline solution should be added to the recommended dose of the drug. You can also pre-dilute ampoules with the drug in saline solution:

For adults and children over 12 years old - in a ratio of 1:6 (6 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhale 3-4 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

For children from 2 to 12 years old - in a ratio of 1:12 (12 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhale 3 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

Broad-spectrum antiseptic. Treatment of respiratory tract infections, including those accompanied by purulent discharge

For inhalation, adults and children over 12 years of age use a ready-made 0.01% solution of Miramistin (in its pure form, without dilution in saline), 4 ml per 1 inhalation 3 times a day.

For children under 12 years of age, to prepare an inhalation solution, the drug should be diluted with saline solution in a ratio of 1:2 (2 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhaled 3-4 ml per 1 inhalation 3 times a day.

Immunomodulators

Interferon, (powder for preparing nasal drops)

Prevention and treatment of influenza, as well as other acute respiratory viral infections.

To prepare the drug, open the ampoule with the powder, pour boiled or distilled water at room temperature into it to the 2 ml mark, and shake gently.

For 1 inhalation, use 2 ml of the resulting solution, 2 times a day.

To prepare an inhalation solution, add 1 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

Active ingredient: sodium disoribonucleate (0.25% solution for external use) – Prevention and treatment of influenza, ARVI and other viral infections of the upper respiratory tract and their complications

For 1 inhalation use 2 ml of the drug, 2 times a day.

To prepare an inhalation solution, add 2 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

Vasoconstrictor (decongestant) drugs

Active ingredient: epinephrine (0.1% solution of adrenaline hydrochloride for external use or injection) – Bronchospasm (attack of suffocation), allergic laryngeal edema, laryngeal edema with laryngitis, laryngotracheitis and croup

Adults and children over 2 years old – 0.5 ml of the drug once, repeat the procedure if necessary

Children under 2 years old – 0.25 ml of the drug once, repeat the procedure if necessary

To prepare an inhalation solution, add 3 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

You can also pre-dilute the drug in saline:

For adults and children over 2 years old - in a ratio of 1:6 (6 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhale 3 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

For children under 2 years old - in a ratio of 1:12 (12 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhale 3 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

Use with caution, increases heart rate! Do not use without consulting a doctor!

Active ingredient: naphazoline (nasal drops, 0.05% and 0.1% solution) – Allergic stenosis (swelling) of the larynx, stenosis (swelling) of the larynx with laryngitis, laryngotracheitis and croup

To prepare an inhalation solution, the 0.05% drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:5 (for 1 ml of the drug, 5 ml of saline) or the 0.1% drug should be diluted in a ratio of 1:10 (for 1 ml of the drug, 10 ml saline solution).

To relieve swelling, inhale 3 ml of the resulting solution once, and repeat the procedure if necessary.

Antitussives

Lidocaine, (2% solution of lidocaine hydrochloride)

Obsessive dry cough. Local anesthetic effect

Adults and children over 12 years old – 2 ml of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

Children from 2 to 12 years old – 1 ml of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

To prepare an inhalation solution, add 2 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

Use with caution, there are very serious contraindications! Do not use without consulting a doctor!

Tussamag, herbal medicine (drops based on thyme extract)

Upper respiratory tract diseases accompanied by nonproductive cough

To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline solution:

For adults and children over 17 years old - in a ratio of 1:1 (per 1 ml of the drug 1 ml of saline solution)

For children from 6 to 16 years old - in a ratio of 1:2 (2 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

For children from 1 to 5 years old - in a ratio of 1:3 (3 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

Rules for inhalation with a nebulizer:

  1. Inhalations should be taken no earlier than 1-1.5 hours after meals, and you should not be distracted by conversation. After inhalation, it is not recommended to talk, eat, or go outside for 1 hour (in cool weather).
  2. For diseases of the upper respiratory tract (nose, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx), inhalation and exhalation must be done through the nose using a mask. Breathe calmly, without tension.
  3. For diseases of the middle respiratory tract (throat, larynx), inhalation and exhalation should be done through the mouth using a mask. You should breathe calmly as usual
  4. For diseases of the trachea, bronchi, and lungs, it is recommended to inhale the aerosol through the mouth using a mouthpiece. Breathe deeply and evenly.
  5. Most inhalation solutions are prepared using 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) saline as a solvent and humectant. The original drug is diluted with saline in certain proportions.
  6. The prepared solution should be stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day. Be sure to warm to room temperature before use.
  7. When prescribing several drugs simultaneously, the order should be observed. A bronchodilator is inhaled first, a minute later - an agent that thins and removes sputum, then, after the sputum is discharged, an antibiotic or anti-inflammatory agent is inhaled.
  8. The course of treatment depends on the complexity of the disease and the drug used (from 5 to 10 days)
  9. Although nebulizer therapy does not apply to thermal physiotherapeutic procedures, it is nevertheless not recommended to perform inhalations at elevated body temperatures
  10. It is prohibited to use oil-based preparations in nebulizers. Various oils are used to treat diseases only of the upper respiratory tract, for which exposure to coarse particles is sufficient, therefore steam inhalers are used for inhalation of oils. The nebulizer produces fine particles. When using oil solutions, fine particles of oil enter the lungs, and this significantly increases the risk of developing so-called oil pneumonia. Also, the use of essential oils in nebulizers increases the risk of allergies due to the high concentration of active substances in the lungs.
  11. Most nebulizers do not allow the use of self-prepared decoctions and infusions of herbs, since they have a suspension that is much larger than aerosol particles and the nebulizer cannot miss them, which in turn can lead to damage to the device. For the same reason, suspensions and syrups are not used in nebulizers (with the exception of special suspensions for inhalation). Although there are nebulizers that can work with herbal decoctions.
  12. Medicines such as Eufillin, Papaverine, Diphenhydramine and similar drugs also cannot be used in nebulizers, since they do not have “points of application” on the mucous membrane.

Source: http://www.yamisha.ru/vseodetyah/rastvori_dlya_nebulaizera/

Inhalation solutions for nebulizer. The best medicines

Inhalations have already become firmly established in medical practice. Our grandmothers also breathed over pots with infusions of medicinal herbs.

They have been replaced by modern nebulizers, into which special solutions for inhalation are poured.

These devices are absolutely safe, since the fog they produce is not hot at all, so it is impossible to get burned by it.

In addition, they are able to break drops of a medicinal substance into tiny particles that easily penetrate into any part of the respiratory tract.

Thanks to this, nebulizers can be used for any respiratory disease, the main thing is to choose the right medicine.

Types of drugs for inhalation: classification

For various diseases, patients may be prescribed drugs from different pharmacological groups, but mixing them is not recommended.

In order for the medications prescribed by the doctor to have the maximum effect, you need to know what to pour into the nebulizer first, second, etc.

It is necessary to administer medications in the following sequence, and a break of at least 15 minutes must be maintained between procedures.

Bronchodilators Medicines in this group are used to dilate the bronchi when they are obstructed (narrowed), which is typical for bronchial asthma, obstructive bronchitis, laryngitis, etc. They are taken only as prescribed by a doctor, strictly observing the accuracy of dosing. These include:

  1. Atrovent
  2. Salgim
  3. Berodual
  4. Ventolin
  5. Salbutamol
  6. Berotek

Mucolytics They help thin mucus and facilitate its passage.

These are drugs such as:

Corticosteroids have pronounced anti-inflammatory properties, due to which they quickly stop all manifestations of the inflammatory process.

Therefore, they are often prescribed for adenoids, sinusitis and some other ailments.

Antiseptics and antibiotics that directly affect pathogenic microflora are among the last to be introduced, when all obstacles to their penetration to their destination have been eliminated. Antihistamines (Cromohexal, etc.). They block the binding of histamine (the main mediator of allergies) to the corresponding receptors. Thanks to them, a runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing and other signs of an allergic reaction are eliminated. But they are rarely prescribed for coughs (the indication for this is bronchial asthma of allergic origin). Immunomodulators (Derinat, Interferon). These drugs are also called antiviral drugs. They increase the body's resistance, so they are advised to be taken from the first days of the development of ARVI. Each drug has its own characteristics in how to prepare a solution for inhalation, which determines its dosage.

But almost all of them are taken three times a day, taking 3-4 ml of the product diluted with saline solution per procedure. But before using any of them, you should consult a doctor.

Cough solutions for adults

For coughs, any of the inhalation solutions listed above can be used. But the choice of what to breathe over depends on the type of disease you have.

Therefore, before starting inhalation therapy, you should consult a doctor. It is strictly forbidden to start taking antibiotics and corticosteroids (glucocorticoids) without permission.

Cough inhalation solutions for children

When treating children, it is necessary to be especially careful about what medications and solutions can be used.

After all, some of them are intended only for children over 6 or even 12 years old, while others can be given to newborns.

Therefore, for children under two years of age, all medications should be prescribed only by a pediatrician.

Thus, among the bronchodilators that are prescribed for dry, unproductive cough, typical of whooping cough, laryngeal stenosis and some other pathologies from the neonatal period, Atrovent or Ventolin can be used.

From the age of 4 years, the use of Salbutamol and Berotek is already allowed, while Berodual is taken from the age of 6 years.

Among the mucolytics indicated for wet cough, medications based on ambroxol, for example, Ambrobene, Flavamed, can be used from birth. Bronchipret is prescribed from 3 months. From 2 years of age, the use of ACC and Fluimucil is allowed.

Anti-inflammatory drugs should be administered to a child with caution, especially herbal ones, as they can cause the development of an allergic reaction.

If a severe inflammatory process nevertheless occurs, the pediatrician may prescribe the corticosteroid Pulmicort, which is allowed from 6 months.

It is impossible to say unequivocally which solution is better for coughing. The only one that is suitable for absolutely everyone and at the same time is highly safe is saline solution.

It is needed primarily to eliminate irritation and sore throat, as it effectively moisturizes the mucous membranes.

Nebulizer solutions for bronchitis

For bronchitis, only if it is not accompanied by airway obstruction, you can use the following mucolytics:

Pertussin. This is a herbal preparation that contains extracts of thyme and thyme. For children under 12 years of age it should be diluted in a ratio of 1:2, for older patients - 1:1. Lazolvan (Ambroxol, Ambrobene, Ambrohexal). The active ingredient is ambroxol hydrochloride. For adults, take a pure solution, for children it is diluted 2:2.

Mineral water "Borjomi" or "Narzan". They help eliminate irritation of the mucous membrane and its swelling. But for a compression inhaler, mineral water must be removed from the gas.

How to breathe through a nebulizer when you have a runny nose

Sinupret solution is an excellent remedy for a runny nose, including those caused by any type of sinusitis. This homeopathic remedy is rich in composition and promotes:

  • restoration of natural mechanisms of protection of the mucous membrane;
  • elimination of edema;
  • improving the outflow of mucus from the paranasal sinuses.

For nasal inhalation, Sinupret should first be diluted with saline solution in the following proportions:

  • for children from 2 to 6 years old – 1:3;
  • for children from 6 to 16 years old – 1:2;
  • for teenagers and adults – 1:1.

The vasoconstrictor Naphthyzin 0.05% will help get rid of nasal congestion. Take 5 ml of saline solution per milliliter of pharmaceutical preparation.

To combat rhinitis, you can use eucalyptus oil (14 drops added to 200 g of saline solution). But it is only suitable for vapor-producing inhalers, not nebulizers.

Treatment of bacterial infections, indicated by green snot, is carried out with chlorophyllipt alcohol. It is diluted in a ratio of 1:10. Inhalations with Miramistin will also be effective.

Doctors often recommend supplementing therapy with antiviral drugs, for example, Derinat or regular interferon, which can be inhaled even for infants. Derinat is poured into the nebulizer chamber in its pure form, and powdered interferon is diluted with the solvent supplied with it.

For sinusitis

In case of an inflammatory process in the maxillary sinuses, the above remedies for a runny nose can be used, but the therapy will necessarily be supplemented by taking antibiotics, corticosteroids or other drugs prescribed by an otolaryngologist.

For pharyngitis

For an inflammatory process in the throat, you can treat:

Tonsilgon N. This is a homeopathic drug, and the only one that can be used for the throat of children under one year of age. The dosage required for infants is achieved by dissolving 1 ml of Tonsilgon N in 3 ml of saline; for children from 1 to 7 years old it is enough to take 2 ml of solvent, and for older patients - 1 ml. Malavit. It is not a medicine and is a dietary supplement. It contains plant extracts and minerals. For a sore throat, it is recommended to combine Malavit with saline solution in a ratio of 1:30. Eucalyptus tincture. 10–15 drops are injected into 200 ml of saline solution. For one procedure, use 3 ml of the mixture. But it cannot be used for bronchial asthma and bronchospasm. Rotokan. Its components are alcohol tinctures of chamomile, calendula, and yarrow extracts. To prepare the inhalation mixture, dilute 1 ml of Rotocan in 40 ml of saline solution. Alcohol tincture of calendula extract. The calendula solution should be prepared in the same way as Rotocan.

For laryngitis

If the inflammation affects not only the throat, but also the larynx, you should use the same medications for inhalation with a nebulizer as for pharyngitis. You can also carry out inhalations with Fluimucil, especially if the cough is already starting to turn into wet.

For sore throat

Sore throat caused by bacteria must be treated with antiseptics and, in severe cases, antibiotics. The first ones to choose are:

  • Chlorophyllipt;
  • Miramistin;
  • Dioxidine (dissolved in a ratio of 1:4);
  • Furacilin (not diluted);
  • Tonsilgon N.

Antibiotics are used exclusively as prescribed by a doctor.

Inhalation with saline solution: indications

Physiological or isotonic sodium chloride solution 0.9% is ideal for the human body. You can buy it at the pharmacy or prepare it yourself (take a level teaspoon of salt per liter of water). Saline solution for inhalation is used for the following purposes:

  • moisturizing the mucous membranes, which helps eliminate irritation in the throat;
  • diluting viscous sputum and facilitating its removal;
  • providing an anti-inflammatory effect.

All this makes a solution of sea salt or regular table salt indispensable for:

  • laryngitis, tracheitis;
  • sinusitis, rhinitis;
  • rhinopharyngitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis;
  • bronchitis;
  • bronchial asthma, etc.

For one manipulation, pour 1 ml for an infant, 2 ml for a baby up to 4 years old, 3 ml for a child from 4 to 7 years old, and 4 ml for an adult. The amount of liquid poured into the chamber of the device determines how many minutes the child needs to breathe. Therefore, a couple of minutes is enough for infants, and preschoolers and schoolchildren will need from 4 to 10 minutes.

Soda solution for inhalation with a nebulizer: from what?

Baking soda is a natural mucolytic and antiseptic. It is used for:

  • chronic bronchitis;
  • rhinitis, sinusitis;
  • hoarseness of voice;
  • otitis media;
  • laryngitis, tonsillitis, sore throat.

When alkaline solutions are used for inhalation, the viscous secretion liquefies, hydration occurs and the pH of the mucous membrane changes. And, as you know, an acidic environment is favorable for most pathogenic microorganisms, therefore, when alkalized, they lose the ability to grow and reproduce normally.

Thus, baking soda or calcium bicarbonate is useful for both dry and productive coughs. And since this product is of natural origin and is not an allergen, it can be used for children of any age.

You can pour a ready-made soda-buffer preparation into the nebulizer chamber or make it yourself, especially since there are no difficulties in how to prepare it.

To do this, add a teaspoon of baking soda to a liter of saline solution, but to carry out the procedure you only need 4 ml of the prepared liquid, which disappears in an average of 10–15 minutes. For babies, the proportions are the same, but a smaller volume of formula is used, according to the child’s age.

For sinusitis, rhinitis or sore throat, add 1-2 drops of iodine to the prepared solution. The duration of the manipulation in this case should be 5–8 minutes.

Contraindications

Inhalation therapy sessions with any medication cannot be performed if:

  • elevated body temperature (more than 38°C);
  • pathologies of blood vessels, in which their excessive fragility is noted;
  • pulmonary hemorrhages;
  • diseases of the cardiovascular system, in particular, previous heart attack;
  • cerebral atherosclerosis;
  • history of stroke.

Thus, there are many medications intended for inhalation administration. In each situation, you can choose the optimal medicine, but it is better to consult a doctor who can make the correct diagnosis and, accordingly, correctly develop a treatment regimen. It is especially important not to neglect a visit to a specialist if health problems arise in children!

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I fill my nebulizer with saline solution. Now you don't need to bother with these saucepans. At the same time, we drink Bronchicum expectorant syrup to quickly get rid of phlegm. Helps well.

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Specialty: Otorhinolaryngologist Work experience: 12 years

Specialty: Otorhinolaryngologist Work experience: 8 years

Source: http://nasmorkam.net/rastvory-dlya-ingalyacij-nebulayzerom-lekarstva/

Inhalations for children

During the period from autumn to spring, acute respiratory diseases are not uncommon. The worst thing is when the youngest members of the family suffer from this. At such moments, all means are used to alleviate the baby’s suffering and cure the cold. Inhalations for children are the most effective method to speed up the healing process and relieve the severity of symptoms. For all parents, this issue is acute and many are increasingly turning to the treatment of childhood diseases with effective methods. How to properly inhale children and what to use for this, read on.

How to give inhalation to a child

Inhalation is characterized as the treatment of respiratory diseases by directly administering drugs to inflamed areas of the respiratory system. This method of treatment is considered the fastest, most reliable and safest if you want to cure your child in a short time. For this, nebulizers are needed that allow you to perform the treatment procedure using pure steam, essential oils, potato or herbal decoctions, etc.

In the modern age, there are a huge number of such devices that facilitate the process of inhalation and are used for children of different ages. There are no specific age-related contraindications for this procedure for children (except for newborn infants and one-year-old babies); it is important to persuade the baby so as not to scare him.

When to do it

You will definitely need an inhaler for children to effectively treat respiratory diseases. Diseases that can be treated with inhalations include:

Performing inhalation for children must comply with all rules that comply with the following recommendations:

  • plan inhalation so that there is a break of at least an hour between food and manipulation;
  • when the baby breathes, put him to sleep;
  • the duration of inhalation should be no more than three minutes in children;
  • An effective course of treatment with inhalations consists of at least 10 sessions.

Types of inhalers

Depending on the disease that needs to be treated, there are different types of inhalers. Some of them are aimed at eliminating cough, others help normalize breathing in the nasal sinuses, others are used for sore throat, asthma, etc. There are also universal devices that make it possible to effectively treat diseases at home. Check them out in more detail below.

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Nebulizer

The term “nebulizer” itself comes from “nebula” and literally means fog or cloud. The appearance of this device back in the 18th century was characterized by the transformation of liquid with drugs into an aerosol for inhalation. The difference between a nebulizer and steam devices is that it creates a flow of medicinal microparticles using the aerosol method. Today's pharmacies offer to choose and buy these electrical devices from leading manufacturers at different prices (Omron, Gamma, Geyser, Spacer).

Compressor

In this case, the air that enters through a narrow opening is subject to low pressure. As a result, the air speed increases, and the liquid from the chamber is also sucked into the low pressure area. Here the medicine begins to interact with the air flow, breaking down into tiny particles, which end up in the most remote areas of the respiratory tract.

In order to somehow attract children to the inhalation process, manufacturers of such equipment try to create an interesting look. This option includes a compressor inhaler called “Locomotive” from Omron. It has a beautiful, bright look like a toy locomotive, and is equipped with all the necessary tubes and masks that are used for breathing using different methods. It can be used even by a 4-month-old child.

Ultrasonic

The action of such an immobilizer is based on the influence of the therapeutic liquid by high-frequency ultrasonic waves, resulting in the formation of an inhaler aerosol. However, it is not advisable to use drugs for inhalation in this case, because ultrasonic frequencies destroy high-molecular compounds of antibiotics, mucolytics and other medications. It is better to use herbal decoctions or saline solutions with medicine.

Steam

This type of nebulizer is based on the effect of evaporation of volatile solutions of drugs (these are usually essential oils), which have a boiling point below one hundred degrees. However, compared to previous types, the steam inhaler has a number of disadvantages, including the limited use of drugs in very small concentrations, which does not always give the necessary healing effect.

Solution for inhalation

To effectively use any inhalation for children, you need not just water for inhalation, it is important to prepare special solutions. They are created on the basis of various medications, the list of which is compiled by a doctor for intensive care. These could be bronchial medications, antibiotics, expectorants or solutions with soda. Find out what inhalations are done in a nebulizer next.

Bronchodilators

These medications are designed to treat the bronchi. The maximum effect of bronchodilators is achieved by delivering small particles to the bronchi using inhalation procedures. These include the following inhibitors:

  • "Ventolin Nebula"
    1. Composition: salbutamol as the main component, which creates a medicinal effect.
    2. Indications: prescribed by doctors for bronchial asthma, as well as for chronic lung disease.
    3. Application: the suspension is used in pure form, 2.5 ml each, or diluted with Sodium Chloride. The procedure should last no more than 10 minutes, and the permissible frequency daily is up to 4 times.
  • "Berotek"
    1. Ingredients: fenoterol, which effectively relieves asthma attacks.
    2. Indications. This medicine is necessary for use as a prevention or treatment of asthma and chronic lung disease.
    3. Application: inhalations for young children (up to 6 years old), take Beroteka drops and drop directly into the inhaler.

Mucolytics

This type of medication is an expectorant that thins mucus. With the help of inhalations with mucolytics, doctors effectively combat severe coughs of any origin. These drugs effectively relieve swelling of the mucous membranes and thin even highly viscous sputum. Here's what you can do inhalations with:

"Ambrobene" or its analogues: "Ambroxol", "Ambrohexal":

  1. Ingredients: main ingredient – ​​ambroxol;
  2. Indications: intended for the treatment of acute or chronic diseases of the respiratory system.
  3. Application: it is not recommended to use with medications called: “Falimint”, “Pectusin”, “Bronholitin”, “Sinekod”, others. To make inhalation for children, dilute 2 ml of syrup with saline solution one to one. Perform the procedure twice a day.

Antibiotics

Without an antibacterial drug, it is impossible to cure a long-standing respiratory disease (more than 10 days). Such medications help prevent infection from penetrating into the deep sections of the bronchi and have broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. Among antibiotics, the following drug is often used during inhalation.

  1. Ingredients: acetylcysteine ​​(the same “ACC”), thiamphenicol.
  2. Indications: enhances the effect of mucolytics.
  3. Application: use 2 ml of the prepared solution (125 mg of medication with 125 ml of saline solution).

Alkaline

Alkali-based solutions intensively help thin sputum and purulent discharge from the nasopharynx. This inhalation method is considered a simple and effective means. It treats diseases of the respiratory system. To carry out inhalation with mineral water, use “Borjomi” or “Essentuki” as follows:

  • Heat half a liter of mineral water in a kettle to (45 degrees);
  • inhale steam through the spout with your mouth and exhale through your nose;
  • the duration of the process is 8 minutes, and the number of repetitions per day is up to 4 times;

What to do with inhalations

Depending on what disease you want to treat, taking into account the presence of certain symptoms, there are different medications that are used for preparing inhalations. For a nebulizer, you can prepare solutions, inhaling the vapors of which will effectively treat diseases such as snot, wet or dry cough, sinusitis, asthma, sore throat, flu, ARVI, and other diseases. Learn further what to do with nebulizer inhalations.

With a runny nose

To effectively treat a runny nose and relieve nasal congestion, use specialized solutions for inhalation called “Sinupret”, “Naphthyzin”, “Epinephrine” (“Adrenaline”). Also effective: “Zvezdochka”, “Pinosol”, “Rotokan”. Find out how to prepare inhalations for a runny nose:

  1. Eucalyptus or fir oil: dilute 14 drops of ether in 0.2 liters of saline solution. For each procedure, fill the nebulizer for a runny nose with 3 ml of the resulting solution, repeating the procedure per day up to 4 times a day.
  2. “Sodium Chloride”: pour an ampoule with 4 ml of the drug into a nebulizer, treat the tube with “Chlorhexidine”, breathe for up to five minutes. It must be done at least three times a day.

For bronchitis and dry cough

When bronchitis or a long dry cough takes you by surprise, inhalations with expectorants (Mukaltin, Lazolvan) and mukalytics will help you. They also use antitussives (“Ledocaine”, “Tussamag”) and herbal medicines. The following medications are used for inhalation for cough:

  • Berodual for inhalation
    1. Ingredients: fenoterol, bromide.
    2. Indications: used for the treatment of chronic obstructive respiratory diseases.
    3. Application: prepare Berodual for children with saline solution (2 drops each), fill the nebulizer when coughing - breathe.
  • Lazolvan for inhalation instructions
    1. Composition: main component – ​​ambroxol.
    2. indications: for acute and chronic diseases with viscous, thick sputum;
    3. application: dilute 2 ml of the medicine with 2 ml of saline solution, do the procedure by adding 3 ml of the prepared solution, repeating the procedure up to 4 times a day.
  • "Pulmicort"
    1. Composition: main substance – budesonide.
    2. Indications: chronic lung diseases, acute inflammatory diseases.
    3. Application: dilute 1 mg of medication with 2 ml of saline solution, use 3 ml of the mixture for the procedure, four repetitions per day.

For sinusitis

To ease the course of the disease and speed up the recovery process, children with sinusitis cannot do without inhalations. Here, vasoconstrictor drugs are needed to relieve inflammation in the nose and make breathing easier. In this case, inhalations with:

  • "Dekasan." It is an antiseptic and disinfectant with antiviral activity. Has reviews of a strong drug.
    1. Ingredients: decamethoxin.
    2. Indications: used during purulent-inflammatory diseases (tonsillitis, sore throat, sinusitis, inflammation of the adenoids).
    3. Application: dilute 2 ml of the medicine with 2 ml of saline solution, use 3 ml of the resulting mixture for the procedure three times a day.
  • Saline solution. Dilute 3 g of sea salt in 10 ml of saline solution, use the finished mixture in 3 ml doses for 10-minute procedures several times a day.
  • Essential oils: mix a drop of rosemary, thyme and mint, dissolve in 2 ml of saline solution, perform the procedure for about 20 minutes three times a day.

At a temperature

You should always remember that during fever, it is better to avoid inhalation procedures altogether. However, there are situations where the use of a nebulizer is possible. For example, a child has an acute illness and in order to maintain the effect of therapy, inhalations cannot be stopped. However, if the temperature rises above 37.5, then any procedures prescribed even by doctors must be canceled.

For asthma

To treat asthma using inhalation, use medications that dilate the bronchi (Berotec, Salbutamol, Flixotide Nebula, Eufillin), thin mucus (Lazolvan for inhalation, Mukolvan), antibiotics (Septomirin ", "Dioxidin", "Gentamicin", "Metrogil", "Miramistin"). Hormonal medications (Hydrocortisone, Prednisolone), antihistamines (Dexamethasone, Cromohexal), and drugs to enhance immunity (Derinat, Interferon, Laferobion, Cycloferon) will also help. Prepare solutions using these medications.

Find out more about how to choose an asthma inhaler.

Nebulizer Recipes

There are recipes for inhalations that have a wide spectrum of action during respiratory diseases. Drugs such as Tonzilgon, Propolis, and Calendula can be used here. Use them to ease the course of the disease, improve your general condition, and speed up your recovery. To learn how to prepare such solutions for inhalation, read the instructions below.

  • With "Chlorophyllipt", necessary components and application:
    1. 1 ml of alcohol (one percent) tincture of chlorophyll from eucalyptus leaves;
    2. saline solution for inhalation (10 ml);
    3. mix everything, use a dose of 3 ml of the prepared solution for each 20-minute procedure;
    4. apply at least three times a day.
  • With “Tonsilgon” (a homeopathic remedy for inhalation based on horsetail, chamomile, dandelion, yarrow, marshmallow, walnut):
    1. 2 ml of the medicine should be added to the same amount of saline;
    2. The nebulizer needs to be refilled with 4 ml of the prepared mixture;
    3. inhalation duration is up to 10 minutes, repeated up to four times a day.
  • With Propolis:
    1. Dilute 1 ml of medicine in 20 ml of saline solution;
    2. use 3 ml per inhalation three times a day.
  • With "Furacilin":
    1. Dilute one tablet of the drug in 100 ml of saline solution;
    2. Use 4 ml of diluted medicine with inhalations up to two times a day.
  • With Calendula:
    1. Dilute 1 ml of alcoholic infusion of inflorescence extract in 40 ml of saline solution;
    2. Pour 4 ml of the mixture into the nebulizer and inhale a couple of times every day until complete recovery.

Inhalations at home

If you don’t know what to do with inhalation for a cough or runny nose, the procedure can be performed using methods without using a nebulizer. To do this, use improvised means that are available at home, for example, garlic or potatoes. You can also do inhalations using herbal solutions. Just take the necessary ingredients, boil and breathe over a steaming pan with ready-made traditional medicines.

  1. Recipe with garlic: boil finely chopped 6 cloves of garlic for about five minutes, breathe over the steam.
  2. Proportions for herbal inhalation: take a teaspoon of dried eucalyptus, sage, finely chopped garlic, a validol tablet, a quarter of a briquette with pine extract, boil, inhale the vapors.
  3. Boil two potatoes in their skins, breathe over the pan until it cools down.

Video about inhalation for children

Before performing inhalations at home using folk remedies or using nebulizers, consult a therapist so that he carefully examines the child, makes the correct diagnosis, and only then, according to his instructions, use breathing exercises. Next, watch the videos that describe the correct procedure for children.

Doctor Komarovsky

Known in many countries, Dr. Komarovsky will always tell you how to act correctly in any situation when your baby is sick. By watching the video attached below with the recommendations of this pediatrician, you will learn what is allowed and prohibited to do during various respiratory diseases and how to properly use inhalations for therapy.

How to use a nebulizer

Having purchased an indispensable device for use at home, it is important to know to study the instructions inside called “Nebulizer use”, however, not everyone uses it, so watch the video below. Here you will learn why certain tubes are needed and how to use them to treat various diseases. Remember that not all medications are suitable for certain types of inhalers.

The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials in the article do not encourage self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and make recommendations for treatment based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

Source: http://sovets.net/3841-ingalyatsii-dlya-detei.html