Augmentin for ARVI

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Augmentin is a modern antibiotic for the treatment of infections

It is perhaps difficult to find a doctor who has never prescribed Augmentin. Therapists, pediatricians, urologists, gynecologists, ENT doctors - doctors of all specializations cannot imagine their practice without this antibiotic.

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At the same time, in many protocols for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases, Augmentin is included as a drug of choice, that is, recommended by the Ministry of Health.

Before you continue reading: If you are looking for an effective method of getting rid of a runny nose, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis or colds, then be sure to look at this section of the site after reading this article. This information has helped so many people, we hope it will help you too! So, now back to the article.

Both patients and doctors perceive Augmentin as a modern antibacterial agent. Meanwhile, the drug has been on the market for decades.

The combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, which became the basis of Augmentin, was developed last year by scientists from the British company Beecham. A little later, in 1984, the pharmaceutical giant received a patent for the original Augmentin. Today, the drug continues to be produced by GlaxoSmithKline, Beecham's successor. WHO - the World Health Organization - included Augmentin in the list of essential medicines.

The popularity of the drug around the world is so high that it is one of the ten best-selling antibiotics. Reviews from both patients and doctors about Augmentin are almost unanimous and only confirm the universal love for the drug.

Let's take a closer look: the composition and release forms of Augmentin

Augmentin contains two substances:

Amoxicillin is a semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of action. It is practically an analogue of Ampicillin and differs only in minor structural changes in the chemical formula. Augmentin contains amoxicillin in the form of a trihydrate.

Clavulanic acid is a fermentation product of the gram-positive bacteria Streptomyces clavuligerus. This substance is included in Augmentin in the form of a potassium salt.

Augmentin is distinguished by its richness of release forms. GlaxoSmithKline produces many different dosages of the drug. When indicating the dosage, the manufacturer indicates separately the dose of the antibiotic (first digit) and clavulanate (second digit). So, we list the forms of release of the drug registered in Russia:

  • Augmentin in the form of a dry powder for the preparation of an oral suspension, which contains 200 mg + 28.5 mg in 5 ml of the finished drug;
  • Augmentin powder containing 400 mg + 57 mg in 5 ml of ready suspension;
  • An option in the form of a dry powder for the preparation of an oral suspension, which contains 125 mg + 31.25 mg in 5 ml of the finished drug;
  • Augmentin ES powder for the preparation of a children's suspension, which contains 600 mg + 42.9 mg in 5 ml;
  • Augmentin powder intended for the preparation of a solution for intravenous administration;
  • Tablets 500mg+125mg;
  • Tablets 875 mg+125 mg;
  • Augmentin tablets 250 mg + 125 mg.

Each tablet of the drug is coated with a film coating, which protects the active substances from the aggressive hydrochloric acid environment of the stomach.

Sometimes doctors, when prescribing Augmentin, indicate the total dosage of the antibiotic and clavulanic acid. For example, you can often find a recipe with similar content: Tab.Augmentini 1000mg. Obviously, the doctor is referring to the antibiotic formulation containing 875 mg of Amoxicillin and 125 mg of clavulanic acid. Both the first and second methods of indicating dosage are equally correct.

The wealth of release forms is another advantage

GlaxoSmithKline has mastered the production of such a large number of different forms of Augmentin that the antibiotic can be easily selected for a patient of any age and weight. The search for new convenient doses continues to this day. Thus, relatively recently, a children's suspension Augmentin ES was registered, designed for the treatment of severe infections, as well as for older children. The drug has an almost adult dosage of active ingredients - 600 mg of Amoxicillin and 42.9 mg of clavulanic acid.

I would like to note that the Augmentin package contains the exact number of tablets calculated for a full course of treatment. Thus, the minimum package of the drug contains 14 tablets and is designed for the treatment of uncomplicated infections. For long-term treatment, a release form of 20 tablets of Augmentin is intended at a dose of 625 mg and 400 mg.

When purchasing an Augmentin suspension, the dosage of which is correctly calculated based on the child’s weight, there is no doubt that the volume of the drug will be sufficient for the course of treatment. Sometimes parents are surprised to notice that on the third day of antibiotic therapy, only a small amount of the medicine remains in the bottle. In such cases, most likely, the release form was chosen incorrectly, and it was necessary to buy a larger dosage of the drug.

Saving wisely, or Is it possible to split an Augmentin tablet?

Some Augmentin tablets, in particular those with a dosage of 500 mg (675 mg including clavulanate), have a cross mark. Many patients believe that the risk is needed to split the tablets in order to reduce the dosage.

Of course, from a savings point of view, this is really beneficial. After all, the cost of, for example, Augmentin 250 mg tablets is much higher than half a 500 mg tablet. However, in fact, the manufacturer warns: the transverse mark is not applied at all to select a lower dosage. The risk in Augmentin tablets serves more of an aesthetic function. Splitting the tablet is strictly not recommended: then the film shell is destroyed, and the contents of the tablet can react with hydrochloric acid of the stomach.

In addition, pharmacists point out that when a tablet is broken into two parts, it is almost impossible to predict the content of active ingredients in the resulting halves. And the likelihood that both parts of the tablet will be equal in dosage is very slim.

Therefore, there is no need to philosophize. Fortunately, Augmentin is distinguished by its richness of release forms, and each patient, regardless of age and weight, can choose the right dosage.

Protection of Amoxicillin, or Why are clavulanates needed?

Indeed, many patients wonder what function does clavulanic acid perform? Why does the drug contain another substance?

The fact is that during the use of antibacterial drugs, many microorganisms have learned to resist the effects of drugs. Cunning bacteria, in an effort to continue their life activity, began to produce a special enzyme that destroys the antibiotic. Thus, penicillin and cephalosporin drugs containing a beta-lactam ring are inactivated by penicillinase, which is produced by some microorganisms.

Scientists discovered this ability of bacteria immediately after the creation of Amoxicillin. Soon an “antidote” was found, which turned out to be clavulanic acid. It is structurally similar to beta-lactam penicillins.

Clavulanic acid inactivates beta-lactamases (a group of enzymes that includes penicillinase), blocking the active sites of these enzymes.

So, clavulanic acid in the composition of antibacterial drugs acts as a protector. It does not allow bacteria to destroy the antibiotic and thus preserves its physicochemical structure, and, consequently, its pharmacological effect.

I would like to note that not all microorganisms produce penicillinase. Therefore, pure, unprotected Amoxicillin is still successfully used to treat diseases caused by sensitive bacteria.

Augmentin: spectrum of activity and pharmacological action

Many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are sensitive to the action of Augmentin, including:

  • Staphylococcus aureus, including strains that produce beta-lactamase;
  • streptococcus;
  • Neisseria, the causative agent of gonorrhea;
  • Escherichia coli, including those producing beta-lactamase;
  • enterobacteria;
  • Klebsiella;
  • Moraxella;
  • Proteus.

Separately, we note that methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, which cause dangerous nosocomial infections, are insensitive to Augmentin.

The mechanism of action of Amoxicillin is extremely simple. The antibiotic blocks the synthesis of the cell wall of sensitive microorganisms and thus has a bactericidal effect.

Only one active ingredient in Augmentin has a pharmacological effect - amoxicillin. Clavulanic acid does not have an antibacterial effect.

Bioavailability of Augmentin before and after meals: when is it better to take an antibiotic?

The complex of Amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate is well absorbed. Already an hour after oral administration, the blood contains the maximum concentration of the antibiotic.

The rate of absorption and distribution of the main active ingredient, Amoxicillin, is the same regardless of food intake. However, for potassium clavulanate, the dosage regimen still matters. In clinical trials, the absorption of clavulanic acid was found to be much higher when taken with food than when taken on an empty stomach.

GlaxoSmithKline scientists conducted studies to study the pharmacokinetics of the drug. The relative bioavailability of Augmentin was found to be significantly reduced when the drug was taken orally 30 and 150 minutes after a high-fat breakfast.

Based on a study of pharmacodynamics, uniform recommendations for taking Augmentin tablets and suspensions for children were developed. So, in order for the maximum doses of the drug to reach the destination point, the medicine must be taken at the beginning of the meal.

Indications for use: when will Augmentin help?

Indications for taking Augmentin are inflammatory diseases caused by pathogens sensitive to Amoxicillin. We have already mentioned that Augmentin is the drug of choice for the treatment of many infectious pathologies. Let's try to list the main indications for the use of this truly powerful antibiotic:

  • upper respiratory tract infections, in particular bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchi), bronchopneumonia (simultaneous inflammation of the bronchi and lungs), pneumonia (pneumonia), lung abscesses (ulcers);
  • infections of the oropharynx: bacterial tonsillitis (angina), pharyngitis, stomatitis;
  • ENT infections: otitis media, sinusitis (article “Antibiotics for sinusitis”);
  • skin infections: bacterial furunculosis and other pathologies caused by beta-lactamase-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella and Escherichia coli;
  • infections of the genitourinary system: cystitis (inflammation of the bladder), pyelonephritis (inflammation of the kidneys), urethritis (inflammation of the urethra - urethra);
  • infections of the pelvic organs, including after childbirth, abortion and other interventions;
  • sexually transmitted diseases: gonorrhea, syphilis;
  • postoperative infections;
  • osteomyelitis - inflammation of bone tissue.

Application of Augmentin: special instructions

First of all, I would like to emphasize that Augmentin is the gold standard in the treatment of diseases of the oropharynx, upper and lower respiratory tract, caused mainly by gram-positive microorganisms. Moreover, the spectrum of the drug is so wide that it can cover almost all pathogenic microorganisms.

Unfortunately, many therapists like to “hide behind” two or even three antibiotics. Often vigilant doctors play it safe in this way during outpatient and even inpatient treatment of pneumonia. As a result, the treatment regimen for uncomplicated pneumonia takes on a “multi-story look” and contains several antibiotics, including Augmentin. At the same time, combinations of injectable and tablet forms of various antibacterial drugs look especially impressive.

Patients do not even suspect that correctly selected Augmentin does not require the addition of another antibiotic. The activity of Amoxicillin against Streptococcus pneumoniae (the main causative agent of pneumonia) is significantly higher than that of Ampicillin and Benzylpenicillin. Therefore, in the vast majority of cases of pneumonia caused by strains with intermediate sensitivity to Ampicillin and Benzylpenicillin, amenable to monotherapy with Augmentin.

When treating infections of the urogenital tract (inflammation of the kidneys, bladder, pelvic organs), fluoroquinolone antibiotics are still considered the drugs of choice. However, medications in this group are contraindicated for use in children. Therefore, Augmentin can be used in pediatric practice for such infections.

Suspension or syringe: why do we torture children?

Many patients believe that the effectiveness of an antibiotic administered by injection is higher than that of oral forms - tablets or suspension. Apparently, this opinion has been ingrained in the heads of mainly our compatriots since the times of Soviet medicine. Back then, doctors really preferred parenteral antibiotics, and there was some common sense in this. Oral forms of those years were characterized by low bioavailability. A striking example is Ampicillin, which is only 40% absorbed. And it is eliminated very quickly, which is why the tablets have to be taken four times a day.

Since then, the pharmaceutical industry has come a long way. So far that oral antibiotics have appeared, the bioavailability of which approaches that of injectable forms. Simply put, modern antibiotics in tablets or suspensions are no “weaker” than injections. And sometimes even the opposite.

The problem is that the vast majority of patients and even a certain number of doctors stuck in the past do not know about this. Or they don't want to know. And in such situations, a modern drama plays out with the participation of parents, a doctor and, of course, the victim - the child.

Parents ask the local pediatrician to prescribe “injections” in order to cure their child quickly and for sure. Doctors, to please worried mothers, describe terrible dilution schemes for adult doses of injectable antibiotics. Mothers, armed with a syringe and a jar of alcohol, examine the child’s bottom and look for the treasured upper left quadrant. And at this time the child calls all his relatives for help and receives unchildlike stress. In general, the picture is impressive.

Meanwhile, in the vast majority of infectious diseases, the action of modern tablet antibiotics is sufficient to achieve the maximum possible effect. Injections, including Augmentin, are used only for very severe diseases: post-surgical inflammatory processes, hospital-acquired infections, as well as for pathologies associated with immunosuppression.

Augmentin children's suspension not only has high bioavailability, but also another important quality for a child - a pleasant taste. Therefore, let's start breaking stereotypes and treating our children effectively, safely and even pleasantly. And with the help of Augmentin suspension as well.

The correct dosage for children is the basis for successful treatment with Augmentin

According to the instructions for use of Augmentin in children, the dosage of the drug depends on the age of the child.

— Infants up to three months

In children of this age, the urinary system does not yet function fully, as a result of which the elimination (removal) of standard doses of Augmentin may be difficult. Therefore, the recommended dosage of the drug is 30 milligrams per kilogram of weight per day. The frequency of administration is twice a day, that is, every 12 hours.

It is most convenient to buy a children's suspension of Augmentin containing 125 mg of Amoxicillin.

— Children over three months old

Starting at this age, the doctor can prescribe two options for children's suspension:

1. Augmentin 200 mg in 5 ml and Augmentin 400 mg in 5 ml are used twice a day, every 12 hours.

2. Augmentin 125 mg in 5 ml and Augmentin 250 mg in 5 ml are used three times a day - every 8 hours.

Most experts prefer to use suspensions with a 12-hour action. It is assumed that these dosage forms are much less likely to cause diarrhea than the 8-hour Augmentin suspension.

However, it should be borne in mind that Augmentin 200 mg and 400 mg suspensions contain aspartame, so they are prohibited for use in patients suffering from phenylketonuria.

Let's try to figure out how to calculate the dose of children's Augmentin.

The instructions for use indicate that:

  • 12-hour pediatric suspensions of Augmentin are dosed at the rate of 45 mg/kg of body weight for severe infections and 25 mg/kg for less severe infections;
  • 8-hour suspensions of Augmentin are designed for 40 mg/kg in severe cases and 20 mg/kg in mild cases.

By the term “severe infections,” experts mean otitis media, lower respiratory tract infections (pneumonia), sinusitis, and diseases with severe intoxication and severe symptoms.

Let's give an example. If the child weighs 8 kg, then for moderate bronchitis he will need 200 mg of Augmentin per day, divided into two doses. Based on the fact that 5 ml of the finished suspension contains 200 mg of antibiotic, the child should receive 2.5 ml of the drug every 12 hours.

— Children weighing 40 kg and above

For older children, Augmentin is dosed in accordance with adult recommendations.

In conclusion of the description of standard dosages of Augmentin, I would like to note the importance of competent consultation with a doctor. Despite the sometimes detailed description of calculating the pediatric dose in instructions or articles about Augmentin, it is best not to engage in amateur activities with the selection of dosages, but to give the reins to a specialist. Only a doctor can adequately assess the severity of your child’s illness and select the right dose of antibiotic. Remember this and do not overestimate your capabilities. Also, always check the instructions provided directly with the medicine.

Augmentin: adult dosages

With dosages for adults, the situation is much simpler. However, here too the severity of the disease must be taken into account.

The instructions for use of Augmentin tablets describe that the standard adult dose includes 500 mg of the drug every 12 hours or 250 mg every 8 hours.

For the treatment of more severe diseases and lower respiratory tract infections, the dose of Augmentin is increased to 875 mg every 12 hours or 500 mg every 8 hours.

Adults who have difficulty swallowing a whole tablet can take a 125 mg or 250 mg suspension instead of Augmentin 500 mg. Tablets at a dose of 875 mg are replaced in such cases with a suspension of Augmentin containing 200 or 400 mg of antibiotic.

Rules for preparing Augmentin suspension: translating instructions from medical into Russian

Augmentin children's suspension is sold in the form of a dry powder, from which parents must prepare the final product themselves. Many mothers and fathers who are unfamiliar with pharmaceutical activities, even after carefully studying the instructions for Augmentin, are afraid to make mistakes in this delicate matter - making a medicine.

Let's try to figure out how to prepare the suspension. But first, let us remember that Augmentin is a very high-quality original drug. And this quality is manifested in literally everything, from packaging to efficiency. That’s why preparing medicine is a pleasure.

To obtain a suspension, we need cool boiled or highly purified water. So, first, let's look at the bottle itself. There is a cross mark on its label. It shows the level to which the finished Augmentin suspension should reach.

The preparation of any suspension is carried out in two stages:

  • dilution in half the volume of solvent. To do this, you need to pour approximately 1/2 of the water (relative to the mark) and try to distribute the powder as much as possible by vigorously shaking the bottle;
  • final dilution. At this stage, you need to add water to the mark, shake well and the cooking process can be considered complete.

As you can see, everything is actually very simple. The only subtlety of preparation is to accurately measure the required volume of water. The final dosage of the medicine depends on this. If the solvent does not reach the mark, the concentration of the antibiotic in the suspension will exceed the norm. If we do not spare water and, in a fit of generosity, pour it above the mark, we will get a “diluted” Augmentin suspension, the dose of which is lower than necessary.

Both the first and second errors affect the effectiveness and outcome of treatment.

Augmentin suspension - where to store and how to take?

Suspensions and emulsions are two-phase systems. Take a closer look at the finished Augmentin suspension: the powder does not dissolve, but is simply distributed in water. Don't worry - it's not your inability to prepare medicine. It's just that Amoxicillin, like most other antibiotics, is completely insoluble in water.

Therefore, one of the main tasks of a parent who is treating a child with an antibiotic suspension is to follow the rule of taking a two-phase medication. The amount of active substance that enters the body ultimately depends on the relative homogeneity of the suspension.

So, how to take Augmentin suspension correctly? There is nothing simpler: immediately before use, the bottle of medicine must be shaken vigorously.

The prepared Agumentin suspension should be stored in the refrigerator. Let us emphasize the word “ready”. If you bought the drug in advance, then an ordinary shelf in a closed cabinet is enough for Augmentin powder to retain its properties.

If at the end of treatment some amount of the medicine remains unused, you should not leave it “just in case.” Augmentin suspension can be stored for about three weeks, after which the antibiotic is destroyed.

Penicillin allergy: don't miss it!

The main contraindication to taking Augmentin is an allergic reaction to penicillin antibiotics.

During post-marketing studies of Augmentin, which have been ongoing for about 30 years, a number of rather severe cases of individual hypersensitivity to the drug have been reported. They manifested themselves as an anaphylactic reaction to the penicillin antibiotic Amoxicillin.

I would like to reassure patients who until now knew nothing about allergies. All cases of an individual reaction to Augmentin occurred in patients with allergies to penicillin drugs or other allergens in quantities of more than two.

In addition, the cross-sensitivity of penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics should be taken into account. If the patient has a history of allergies to, say, ceftriaxone, then the likelihood of a reaction to Augmentin is very high. In such situations, it’s definitely not worth taking risks - it’s much easier and safer to choose an antibiotic from a different group.

Contraindications to treatment with Augmentin

Let's try to list the main contraindications to taking Augmentin:

  • allergic reaction to penicillin or cephalosporin antibiotics;
  • a history of liver dysfunction during treatment with Augmentin (that is, with previous use of the drug);
  • individual intolerance to Augmentin components;
  • Infectious mononucleosis. The erroneous prescription of penicillins for this disease (note, a viral disease) leads to the appearance of a characteristic rash.
During pregnancy and lactation, Augmentin is allowed conditionally. This very vague phrase only means that a sufficient number of clinical studies studying the effect of the drug on pregnancy have not been conducted. The drug, without a doubt, penetrates the placental barrier and into breast milk.

However, due to the extremely low toxicity and wide spectrum of action of Augmentin, this particular antibiotic is the drug of choice in the treatment of many infectious diseases in both pregnant and lactating women.

Side effects of Augmentin: what can you expect?

Let's try to list the main adverse events that may occur during or after a course of treatment with Augmentin:

- intestinal dysfunction

The so-called “dysbacteriosis” that doctors and pharmacists scare us with sometimes actually develops after taking antibiotics. In medicine, this phenomenon is usually called pseudomembranous colitis. The reason for this complication is that antibiotic treatment can alter the normal intestinal flora. In this case, opportunistic microorganisms can begin to multiply intensively and produce toxins.

Research shows that the main cause of antibiotic-associated colitis is a toxin produced by clostridia. Diarrhea, which is often the only symptom of the complication, can range in severity from mild in most cases to severe. The latter is most often recorded in patients suffering from immunodeficiency.

On average, antibiotic-associated diarrhea occurs in 9% of patients taking Augmentin.

- liver dysfunction

The negative effect of Augmentin on the functioning of the liver and biliary tract is recorded in less than 5% of cases. Moreover, in most patients, the function of the hepatobiliary system is restored independently after discontinuation of the antibiotic.

Severe disorders that manifest as damage to liver tissue have been reported in isolated cases. For example, GlaxoSmithKline confirms information about one death as a result of the hepatotoxic effect of Augmentin. However, we hasten to reassure patients who have taken their hearts to heart. The probability of such a reaction is close to zero - it is possible only in one of their patients!

However, in order to avoid complications, during long-term treatment with Augmentin, experts recommend periodically monitoring liver function.

The probability of developing dermatological rashes during Augmentin therapy is 3%. As a rule, these symptoms do not require discontinuation of the antibiotic and disappear upon completion of treatment.

- nausea and vomiting

Some patients experience dyspeptic symptoms associated with taking Augmentin: nausea (in 3% of patients) and vomiting (in 1%). To reduce the likelihood of these side effects, you need to follow the rules for taking Augmentin and take the medicine at the beginning of meals.

Augmentin analogues: a choice that boggles the imagination

As we have already mentioned, Augmentin is an original drug. It was with him that the era of protected Amoxicillin began. Therefore, its quality and safety are beyond doubt.

However, this does not mean that generics, that is, analogues of Augmentin, work worse or cause more side effects. After all, each analogue is tested for bioequivalence. An ideal generic has the same similarity to the original as two identical drugs from different series. And the price of the analogue is almost always lower than the brand drug.

So, let's try to list the most common analogues of Augmentin. And let's start, of course, with the highest quality ones:

  • Amoxiclav is a Slovak analogue of Augmentin;
  • Flemoclav is an orally dispersible form of protected Amoxicillin, which is characterized by very high bioavailability and ease of administration. There is no doubt about the quality of the Dutch manufacturer of this drug, Astellas;
  • Medoclav, produced by the Cyprus company MEDOCHEMIE LTD;
  • Panclave is a fairly economical and at the same time high-quality generic product produced by the European company Hemofarm.

Separately, I would like to list Indian analogues of Augmentin. These drugs belong to the cheaper segment of the market. On the Russian market you can find more often than others:

Russian generics meet quality standards and are favorably priced. The most common among them are:

  • Arlet (manufacturer: AKO Sintez);
  • Ecoclave produced by Avva Rus OJSC;
  • Klamosar, which is produced by Saransk JSC Biokhimik.

As you can see, the choice is really wide. Nevertheless, it is still better to leave the right to make a decision to a specialist: the attending physician or pharmacist.

The article above and comments written by readers are for informational purposes only and do not encourage self-medication. Consult a specialist regarding your own symptoms and illnesses. When taking any medicine, you should always use the instructions that come with the medicine and your doctor's advice as a guide.

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Do you want to get rid of your nose, throat, lung and cold diseases? Then be sure to check it out here.

It is also worth paying attention to other medications:

Secondly, it is possible that your child was allergic to this drug!

I wrote a comment below Zhikharka.

The child was diagnosed with lymphadenitis, prescribed an antibiotic, for the first 3 days nothing was clear against the background of the temperature, but on the 4th and 5th days of treatment the temperature began to rise, everyone attributed it to a sore, and only on the 5th day it became clear that this was an allergic reaction to a drug!

When taking this antibiotic, the child simply felt ill, he immediately became lethargic, had terrible weakness, a stuffy nose, and HIGH TEMPERATURE. On the 5th day in the evening, they stopped taking this drug, the child went to bed cheerful and without the listed symptoms.

THANK GOD that our brains can still think, I myself am a doctor by training, and in time I thought about the fact that this was a reaction to this antibiotic. Last year, my son had a sore throat and was prescribed FLEMOXIN SOLUTAB; there was no similar reaction to it.

Join, speak out and discuss. Your opinion may be very important to many readers!

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Source: http://cc-t1.ru/preparaty/augmentin.html

Augmentin for ARVI

Mumlife - an application for modern mothers

For ARVI, the doctor prescribed Augmentin for us, we took it for the second day and side effects began: one eye began to water and stool 4 times a day, stop giving it or tell me what to do?! 🙏🏻

In the application you can view all the photos of this post, as well as comment on and read other posts by the author

Comments

— Do not give antibiotics for acute respiratory infections, but take an oak test

- This is an antibiotic? If yes, then 4 stools a day are quite expected

— Augmentin, if I’m not mistaken, is an antibiotic? Why do you need it if you have ARVI? Loose stool due to antibiotic, eye infection most likely, since it’s a virus.

— If they prescribed an antibiotic, then they should have prescribed a prebiotic, such as Linex, so that there would be no dysbacteriosis.

— They often began to prescribe antibiotics for SARS; they don’t seem to treat them for a virus, only for a bacterial one.

— @mamamarysia, yes, we were prescribed to drink Maxilac together

- Once you start giving, you can’t stop.

— Enterol is the best, add mezim. Augmentin is a killer penicillin series

“We vomited on him.” The eldest son. Replaced with suprax

— And the eyes are definitely not due to antibiotics

— @vsegdaanne, @mashati, yes, an antibiotic! We had snot for 4 days, then a cough appeared, but from the second day I started giving antivir. and when I coughed with an inhaler, on the 7th day, the doctor came and prescribed this antibiotic!

— @anutka2202, it was in vain that they started giving without passing the oak first. It is extremely undesirable, or rather even harmful, to give an antibiotic for a viral infection :) And so, for the future, antiviral drugs can provoke fever, that is, it lasts longer and higher. And it has long been known that they are of no use 🤷🏼‍♀️ Get well soon, ask your doctor for oak or give it yourself. You can’t suddenly stop taking an antibiotic once you start giving it, read the analogue

— @mashati, thank you

— @mashati, what further actions should I stop or continue? Or should I contact a doctor tomorrow or go and donate blood?

— @anutka2202, you can’t cancel it suddenly, you need to give it for at least 5 days, otherwise the body may develop resistance to the antibiotic and then it won’t help you with a bacterial infection. 🙁Be sure to call your doctor tomorrow and get it checked out.

- Contact another pediatrician. The child was prescribed inadequate treatment

Download and chat with moms nearby in Mamlife - an app for modern moms

Source: http://web.mom.life/ru/post/5a958aae20d21a0b7bpri-orvi-vrach-propisal-nam-aug

Tablets for ARVI and influenza

Acute respiratory diseases remain the most common human pathology throughout the world. A consistently increased incidence of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections persists in all age groups of the population, and children get sick much more often than adults. Frequently ill children represent a special risk group, since recurring and severe colds adversely affect the health of the child in the present and future. Choosing the most suitable remedy for influenza and ARVI for the purpose of prevention and treatment is important at all ages.

Effective remedies against influenza and ARVI

The arsenal of preventive measures during the season of viral infections is represented by vaccines, immunomodulatory, antiviral drugs, medications that alleviate the symptoms of the disease and vitamin therapy.

Vaccines

The most effective treatment for the influenza virus is a vaccine. Modern vaccinations trigger the formation of antibodies to the main antigens of the virus - neuraminidase and hemagglutinin, and, despite annual mutations, the commonality of the produced antibodies to the main, even mutated, antigens of the virus remains. Preparations can contain both live viral particles and inactivated ones.

Immunomodulatory tablets and flu shots (Grippol, Influvac, Fluvaxin, Vaxigrip, etc.) will have the most effective preventive effect in terms of the complicated course of viral infections.

Types of flu vaccines approved in the Russian Federation

You should know that in the vast majority of cases, vaccination does not protect against infection, but it fully prevents the development of viral pneumonia and severe influenza.

The first signs of a viral infection, even at low temperatures, can significantly affect the general well-being of both adults and children. Headache, weakness, body aches, fever, sore throat, runny nose and painful dry cough are reasons to look for the best remedy for influenza and ARVI.

Obviously, only a combination drug that eliminates all symptoms and alleviates the course of a cold can claim the title of “best” medicine. And it’s even better if such a product is suitable for the whole family, i.e. have no contraindications for use in childhood and are available in a form suitable for use by a child.

Coldact

Syrup, suspension, capsules and tablets for the symptoms of influenza and ARVI Koldakt, produced in India, are used to eliminate sore throat, rhinorrhea and lacrimation, reduce temperature, improve sputum discharge, reduce swelling of the nasal mucosa and lining of the brain, which helps reduce the intensity of headaches.

The medicine may cause undesirable effects such as increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, allergic rash, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and sleep disturbances.

The drug is not used for diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, increased thyroid function, glaucoma, stomach ulcers, or convulsive syndrome.

You should know that even the most effective remedy for influenza and ARVI, which promotes the removal of sputum, only works if the patient takes a large amount of fluid. Destruction of sputum mucopolysaccharides is possible only if there is a sufficient number of water molecules.

The average cost of a medicine is $4.

Paralen

High fever, muscle and joint pain, and intense headache are considered pathognomonic signs of influenza. To relieve them, drugs based on caffeine and paracetamol are used. Caffeine tones, increases blood pressure and stimulates brain activity. Paracetamol effectively fights fever and relieves pain.

The most effective tablets for ARVI and influenza, which suppress pain, are represented by a wide range of products that combine optimal proportions of paracetamol and caffeine. One of the drugs that combines these components is the Czech medicine Paralen, which is widely used for influenza. Tablets are approved to suppress pain and reduce fever only in adults. Take 2 tablets 4 times a day. The duration of therapy should not exceed 10 days.

It is not recommended to lower the temperature to 38.5 degrees, since fever is a protective mechanism in the fight against viruses.

The medicine is prohibited for use in cases of epilepsy, severe kidney and liver diseases, and for children under 12 years of age.

Paralen can cause allergic skin reactions, nausea, and vomiting.

Analogues of Paralen are Solpadeine, Migrenium, Strimol.

Milistan

The combined Indian medicine Milistan is available in various forms and can be used to relieve various symptoms of influenza and ARVI in adults and children.

Indications for use:

  1. Pain syndrome (joint, muscle, headache).
  2. Fever.
  3. Dry cough.

Milistan is taken according to the instructions for use in the form of tablets, tea, suspension for symptoms of influenza and ARVI.

The medication is not used for severe diseases of the liver, kidneys, or blood.

During treatment, side effects are possible in the form of dyspeptic disorders, allergic skin reactions, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, tachycardia, overexcitation, anemia.

The main undesirable effects are associated with the substance dextromethorphan. This is a very effective remedy for ARVI and influenza, accompanied by a dry cough. The antitussive component inhibits the cough center of the medulla oblongata, thereby suppressing obsessive cough. Therapy with this medication is best done after consulting a doctor (especially in children). In the vast majority of cases, the cough should not be suppressed, but rather promoted its productivity. Coughing is a protective reflex aimed at clearing the airways of pathogens. Only a specialist can correctly assess the need to suppress the cough reflex.

Often, taking medications to quickly relieve cold symptoms causes dyspeptic symptoms, which may not stop after recovery. Nausea, vomiting, and pain in the stomach may indicate gastritis. In such cases, they begin to treat the damaged gastric mucosa with medications that block the production of hydrochloric acid. If the flu pills you take cause harm, then drugs such as Ranitidine, Famotidine, Zantac, Omeprazole, etc. quickly relieve pain.

Remedies for ARVI and complicated flu for children

In the first days of influenza and ARVI, as well as for the prevention of viral infections in childhood, immune modulators, namely interferon inducers, are prescribed. In younger children (under 3 years old), suppositories are used (Viferon, Cycloferon, Genferon, etc.), and in older children, antiviral tablets for ARVI and influenza can be used: Groprinosin, Cycloferon, Amiksin, etc.

The production of interferon is the body's first line of defense against a viral infection, significantly ahead of the production of specific antibodies. Viruses have a unique ability to suppress natural immune mechanisms, so enhancing the synthesis of interferon with the help of drugs restores the functions of immune cells.

The doctor must competently assess the condition and capabilities of the child at the time of illness. In some cases, antiviral immunomodulatory suppositories and tablets against ARVI cannot cope with the task. In such cases, prescribing an antibiotic will be justified and will avoid severe complications and chronic infection.

In what situations are antibiotics needed to treat acute respiratory infections in a child?

  • If the cough is accompanied by obstruction. Obstructive syndrome due to ARVI in children has become increasingly common in recent years. But often the narrowing of the bronchi is caused by an asthmatic component. In such cases, obstruction is accompanied by atopic dermatitis, allergies, attacks of bronchial asthma, or a history of asthma in the parents. It can be very difficult to distinguish infectious obstruction from asthmatic obstruction. Narrowing of the bronchi in response to the presence of microorganisms usually begins a few days after the onset of the disease, is not relieved by bronchodilators (Berodual, etc.), and is accompanied by elevated temperature. Prescribing antibiotics will avoid further narrowing of the bronchi and the development of pneumonia.
  • If a high temperature (38.5 - 39 degrees or more) continues for more than 5 days and does not tend to decrease. Prolonged fever can be a symptom of pneumonia, otitis media, pyelonephritis, which are difficult to diagnose in young children. On the first day of pneumonia, the picture of pneumonia is not yet visible on an x-ray, but delay can cost your life. Non-verbal children may not be able to identify ear pain. The proximity of the middle ear to the membranes of the brain increases the risk of microorganisms penetrating nerve tissue.
  • If the blood test shows leukocytosis, the level of band and segmented leukocytes and ESR are increased.

Viral infections complicated by bacterial ones are accompanied by a leukocyte reaction in the blood. Uncomplicated acute respiratory viral infections are characterized by lymphocytosis and a decrease in leukocytes.

A whitish or yellow coating on the tonsils may be the cause of the pathogenic action of streptococcus. You can only get rid of it with the help of antibiotics. Lack of proper treatment for sore throat can lead to complications from the heart, kidneys and joints.

Broad-spectrum antibiotics are universal antibacterial agents for the treatment of complicated viral infections. This means that such a drug is capable of inhibiting the growth of almost all bacteria that cause classic inflammation of the ear, throat, nose, larynx - the upper respiratory tract and hearing organ. The drugs of choice for the treatment of severe influenza and ARVI are considered to be derivatives of protected amoxicillin (Augmentin and analogs - Amoxiclav, Flemoclav, Medoclav), macrolides and azalides (Sumamed and analogs - Ecomed, Sumatrolide, Hemomycin, Zitrolide, etc.). The medications are safe to use in children, do not cause serious side effects, and do not have a negative effect on the growing body.

If there is an allergy to the above drugs, as well as if they are ineffective, they resort to the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics (lincosamides, tetracyclines).

Augmentin for influenza and ARVI in children

A special feature of this antibiotic is the presence of clavulanic acid in the composition of the drug. Clavulanate protects the amoxicillin molecule from the action of bacterial enzymes - lactamases. By producing this enzyme, bacteria adapted to penicillin, the first and oldest antibiotic, of which amoxicillin is a derivative. The presence of a “defender” in amoxicillin gives it the ability to destroy pathogenic flora, despite bacterial resistance.

Mechanism of action of Augmentin

The active substance – amoxicillin – destroys the main bacteria that initiate inflammation of the respiratory tract, which occurs as a complication of influenza and ARVI. The medication is active against streptococci, staphylococci, and Haemophilus influenzae - the most common initiators of microbial inflammation.

When and how to use Augmentin in children?

As a rule, an antibiotic is prescribed for the following complications of influenza and ARVI:

In recent years, Augmentin has been reported to be weakly effective in the treatment of recurrent bronchitis in children, so the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections requires a more detailed approach when choosing an antimicrobial agent.

The medicine is not used for the following conditions:

  • infectious mononucleosis (amoxicillin causes a rash);
  • allergy to penicillins and cephalosporins;
  • history of drug intolerance (hepatitis, jaundice).

It is recommended to take the medicine at the beginning of a meal for better absorption.

Antibacterial tablets for acute respiratory viral infections and complicated flu, when used for a long time, can cause undesirable reactions:

  • thrush of the genitals and oral cavity;
  • change in enamel color;
  • decrease in leukocytes;
  • nausea, diarrhea.

When you stop taking the medication, the side effects disappear.

The cost of the medication ranges from $5 to $10, depending on the dosage.

Sumamed for flu and colds in children

An important feature of the antibiotic Sumamed is its ability to accumulate in tissues in very high concentrations. In this case, the medicine is taken only once a day, which is very convenient when treating small children. After stopping use, the main substance remains in the organ tissues for several more days.

Mechanism of action of Sumamed

The active ingredient of the antibiotic, azithromycin, is a very powerful remedy for influenza and severe acute respiratory viral infections. It is highly active in destroying not only streptococci, staphylococci, Haemophilus influenzae, but also chlamydia and mycoplasmas.

Chlamydial and mycoplasma infections are increasingly the cause of chronic and recurrent bronchitis in children. It is these microorganisms that cause obstructive syndrome. Therefore, Sumamed is considered by pediatricians as the most effective remedy for influenza and ARVI for children with a tendency to recurrent obstructive bronchitis.

In addition, in recent years, resistance of streptococci (causative agents of sore throat) to the traditionally used drugs amoxicillin has been noted. In such cases, against ARVI accompanied by sore throat, doctors prescribe azithromycin.

How and when to take Sumamed?

The antibiotic is used for the following diseases:

  • obstructive bronchitis;
  • bronchopneumonia, lobar pneumonia;
  • sinusitis;
  • otitis media;
  • angina.

In some cases, the course of treatment can be extended to 5 days.

Undesirable effects may occur during antibacterial therapy:

  • thrush in the mouth and genitals of the child;
  • decreased leukocyte levels;
  • stool disorder, dyspepsia.

Contraindications to the use of the medicine:

  • history of allergic reactions to macrolides;
  • severe liver diseases;
  • children's age up to six months.

Treatment of pneumonia usually begins with parenteral administration of cephalosporins, and azithromycin is prescribed for follow-up treatment to increase the effectiveness of the therapy.

For better absorption, the medicine is taken one hour before or two hours after meals.

The drug must be used at the same time of day to avoid the development of resistance of microorganisms.

The cost of the medication depends on the dose, release form and ranges from $5 to $9.

Lincomycin for colds and flu in children

A drug from the lincosamide group, Lincomycin, is relevant for severe consequences of influenza and ARVI.

Indications for use are:

  • heart damage (endocarditis);
  • lung abscess;
  • sinusitis;
  • pneumonia;
  • tonsillitis and peritonsillar abscess;
  • osteomyelitis;
  • pleural empyema;
  • allergy to other groups of antibiotics.

Such diseases are typical for weakened patients with immunodeficiency.

Mechanism of action of Lincomycin

The antibacterial substance has an inhibitory effect on the growth of methicillin-resistant staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, clostridia, etc. The drug penetrates well into the lung and bone tissue, so it is primarily prescribed for purulent processes in the lungs, spread of infection to the upper jaw with complicated sinusitis, sore throat.

Resistance to Lincomycin quickly develops, especially among staphylococci, so it is prescribed only in exceptional cases.

How to take Lincomycin?

The antibiotic can be taken from the age of 1 month. For young children, the drug is administered intravenously, and for older children, oral administration is also possible.

The medicine is available in the form of 250 mg capsules and a solution for parenteral administration. For both forms of release, the calculation is based on body weight.

The drug should be taken in capsule form before meals.

Side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, inflammation of the tongue and oral cavity, and thrush. Sometimes a decrease in the level of leukocytes is recorded.

Medicines against ARVI and complicated influenza for adults

During an epidemic of seasonal colds, immunity can fail even an adult. Stress, physical and psycho-emotional stress, colds suffered “on the feet” - all these integral components of the life of a modern person can cause complications of ARVI and influenza.

Taking antiviral medications at the onset of the disease significantly reduces the risk of developing bacterial complications. But some concomitant diseases contribute to the transition of a banal acute respiratory infection into a complicated course:

  • bronchial asthma;
  • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
  • diabetes;
  • congenital pathology of the connective tissue of the lungs (dys- and hypoplasia).

Smoking also increases the likelihood of developing bronchopulmonary pathology.

In what cases should an adult start taking antibacterial drugs for ARVI?

  1. Fever for more than 5 days (body temperature above 39 degrees).
  2. Chest pain.
  3. Shortness of breath with little physical exertion.
  4. Unmotivated tachycardia.
  5. Ear ache.
  6. Intense pain in the forehead, eyebrows, headaches.
  7. The appearance of white or yellow spots on the tonsils.

If you have the above symptoms, you should consult a doctor and do not self-medicate. These signs may indicate pneumonia, pleurisy, otitis, sore throat, sinusitis, frontal sinusitis - dangerous bacterial infections.

Augmentin for flu and colds in adults

The mechanism of action of the antibiotic and contraindications for use, see above.

In adults, Augmentin tablets against influenza and complicated ARVI are used for the following diseases:

The medication is taken immediately before meals or at the beginning of a meal. The minimum course of treatment is 5 days. After taking an antibiotic for 2 weeks, you should consult a doctor if the symptoms of the disease are not eliminated.

Side effects are possible while taking the drug:

  • dyspeptic disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea);
  • thrush;
  • intestinal dysbiosis;
  • rash, itchy skin;
  • increased activity of liver enzymes.

The medicine must be taken strictly at regular intervals, the course of treatment must be complete, and it cannot be interrupted after the symptoms have eased.

Sumamed against influenza and ARVI for adults

If a prolonged cold is accompanied by a prolonged cough, fever, ear pain and other undesirable symptoms, then the attending physician may prescribe this antibiotic.

Sumamed is used in the following cases:

  • bronchitis;
  • pneumonia (follow-up treatment);
  • inflammation of the middle ear;
  • tonsillitis (tonsillitis);
  • sinusitis, frontal sinusitis and other sinusitis.

For the mechanism of action, contraindications and side effects, see above in the “for children” section.

The prescription of azithromycin in adults may vary depending on the disease and the nature of its course. So, for moderate complications of influenza and ARVI, the medicine is taken for 5 days: the first 2 days, 500 mg, and the remaining 3, 250 mg. Severe cases require a 5-day dose of 500 mg.

Lincomycin tetracycline for influenza and ARVI in adults

Features of the action of Lincomycin, indications for taking the medicine, see above.

In adults, the drug is used both in the form of capsules (2 capsules 3-4 times a day) and parenterally (intramuscularly and intravenously) - 600 mg 1-2 times a day. As a rule, the medication is taken orally for moderate cases of the disease or for post-treatment of infection.

Tetracycline has a detrimental effect on mycoplasmas, chlamydia, streptococci, staphylococci. The substance accumulates in large quantities in the lung and bone tissues.

Tetracycline for colds and flu is used only in adults in the following cases:

  • mycoplasma and chlamydial infection of the respiratory tract;
  • pneumonia;
  • bronchitis;
  • purulent processes in the lungs (abscess, pleural empyema);
  • angina;
  • osteomyelitis;
  • severe form of conjunctivitis.

Tetracycline should be taken before meals. An important pharmacological feature is its ability to form insoluble complexes with calcium, magnesium, and iron ions. This fact should be taken into account when eating during illness. While taking the medicine, you should not consume dairy products or meat.

In severe cases, the medication is combined with antibiotics from other groups.

Undesirable effects include dyspepsia, inflammation of the oral mucosa, headaches, skin rash, sunburn (photosensitivity), hepatitis, and a decrease in white blood cells. The medicine causes a deficiency of B vitamins, which should be taken into account during treatment.

Tetracycline is not used:

  • in children due to the negative effect on bone tissue;
  • for severe liver diseases.

Tetracycline Lincomycin is not a routine drug against influenza and ARVI-complicated forms. They are usually prescribed for allergies to penicillins and cephalosporins, as well as based on the results of an analysis of resistance to antibacterial agents in the isolated microflora.

The cost of the drugs is not high and amounts to $2-3.

Even the best antibacterial remedy for influenza for both adults and children inhibits the growth of normal microflora in the intestines and genital tract and leads to dysbiosis. In parallel with taking antibiotics and 1–3 weeks after, it is necessary to take probiotics (Linex, Enterozermina, Normobakt). B vitamins (Neurobeks, Neuromultivit) and antioxidants (vitamins A, E, C) will help quickly restore the body's resistance. Treatment with antibiotics implies a complete abstinence from alcohol.

Source: http://gripptips.ru/preparatyi/tabletki-ot-orvi-i-grippa.html