Antibiotic injections ciprofloxacin

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Antibiotic Ciprofloxacin: principle of action, release form and pharmacological parameters

The growing number of various bacterial lesions of the urogenital tract, skin and other internal organs is forcing doctors to look for new, increasingly effective antibiotics.

Table of contents:

On the one hand, this expands the possibilities of therapy, on the other hand, it leads to the development of resistance of the bacterial flora to the action of drugs.

A peculiar exception is the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin, which belongs to the class of second-generation fluoroquinolones.

However, in terms of clinical effectiveness it is significantly superior to its “classmates”.

This makes it widespread in medical practice for the treatment of various bacterial infections, including sexually transmitted diseases of the genitourinary system.

In accordance with the international recommendations of the European Association of Urology in 2016, Ciprofloxacin is the first-line drug for the treatment of complicated and uncomplicated forms of urinary tract infections.

The main component of the drug is the antibacterial component of the same name, which has a bactericidal effect. Due to the inhibition of DNA synthesis - gyrase of the pathogenic cell, the processes of reproduction, replication and spread of infectious flora are suspended. The drug has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

  • gram-negative bacteria, in particular Escherichia coli, Shigella, Klebsiella, Enterobacteriaceae, Proteus, Yersinia, etc.;
  • gram-positive microorganisms, including most strains of staphylococcus, streptococcus;
  • other pathogens, including chlamydia, anaerobes, mycoplasma.

Particularly noteworthy is the activity of Ciprofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is the cause of most complications of infectious diseases of the genitourinary system in men and women.

The antibiotic Ciprofloxacin is available under various trade names in the form of:
  • injection solution with a concentration of the active component of 2 or 4 mg per 1 ml of the drug;
  • drops for the treatment of bacterial lesions of the organs of vision and hearing (0.3%);
  • tablets containing the active substance 0.25, 0.75 and 0.5 g.

The antibacterial activity of the drug is due to its pharmacological properties. It is distinguished by high bioavailability (up to 80%) and rapid absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration in the blood occurs 1-2 hours after using the tablet and 60 minutes after the injection. According to experts, the medicine is quickly distributed throughout almost all tissues and biological environments of the body.

Unlike antibiotics of other groups, Ciprofloxacin quickly creates therapeutic active concentrations in the prostate, kidneys, bladder, urethra, etc. (exceed the drug content in plasma up to 12 times). It is excreted through the kidneys and is partially metabolized in the liver. The half-life averages from 3 to 6 hours. If kidney function is impaired, this time doubles.

Resistance of pathogenic flora to the action of Ciprofloxacin practically does not develop (except in cases of non-compliance with the dosage recommended according to the instructions). This is due to the rapid death of bacteria, on the one hand, and the absence of enzymes that destroy the drug, on the other.

Indications for the use of Ciprofloxacin are any infections caused by flora susceptible to the action of the drug.

  • infections of the upper and lower genitourinary system, including cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis;
  • bacterial prostatitis;
  • bacterial infections of the digestive tract, including infectious diarrhea (including traveler's diarrhea), salmonellosis, severe colitis, etc.;
  • infections of the skin and soft tissues, including pyoderma, provoked by gram-positive flora, Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
  • inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, including those caused by sexually transmitted infections, especially gonococcus;
  • damage to the ENT organs and underlying parts of the respiratory tract.

The use of Ciprofloxacin is limited to:

  • pregnancy and breastfeeding (in this case, it is recommended to replace it with safer drugs from the cephalosporin group);
  • childhood and adolescence (the medicine is prescribed only to patients over 18 years of age, although the medical literature describes cases of use of the drug in 15-year-old adolescents);
  • hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, and the list of contraindications includes the patient’s history of allergies to other fluoroquinolones.

Ciprofloxacin negatively affects the development of the musculoskeletal system at an early age. Therefore, its use in children is possible only under strict indications.

Taking into account the peculiarities of drug metabolism, dosage adjustment may be required in patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency and elderly patients. In addition, like any other antibiotic, Ciprofloxacin should be taken only as directed and under the supervision of a physician.

Ciprofloxacin: what it helps with, features of use and dosage, interaction with other medications

For the treatment of uncomplicated bacterial infections, Ciprofloxacin is prescribed in tablet form in a dosage of 0.25 to 0.75 twice a day. The duration of therapy depends on the type of bacteria - the causative agent and the location of the inflammatory process and can be up to 4 weeks.

The most common treatment regimens are:

  • acute uncomplicated gonorrhea - 0.5 g once a day in a single dose; in case of a complicated form, the dosage of the drug remains the same, but treatment is extended to 7 days;
  • bacterial prostatitis - 1 g per day for 4 weeks;
  • infections of the lower urinary tract - 0.5-1 g once a day (the dose can be divided into two doses - 0.25 and 0.5 g, respectively) for 3-10 days;
  • skin lesions - 1-1.5 g once a day (or 0.5-0.75 g twice a day) for 1-2 weeks.

Regardless of what Ciprofloxacin helps with, the daily dose should not exceed 1.5 g.

In severe bacterial diseases, an antibiotic is prescribed by injection for the first few days of therapy. Then, according to the doctor’s decision, the patient can be switched to taking pills. Ciprofloxacin is administered intravenously in the form of droppers. The dosage ranges from 0.2 to 0.4 g twice a day. For local treatment of bacterial lesions of the organs of vision and hearing, the antibiotic is prescribed in the form of drops. At the initial stage of therapy, 1-2 drops are instilled every 1-2 hours. After the condition improves, the interval between use of the medicine is increased.

When taken simultaneously with other drugs, the following complications may develop:

  • antacids, agents that coat the intestinal walls, multivitamins and other medications containing compounds of aluminum, magnesium, iron, zinc, calcium - reduce the absorption of Ciprofloxacin from the digestive tract;
  • anticoagulants - it is possible to increase their effectiveness and the risk of bleeding;
  • anesthetics - reduce the concentration of Ciprofloxacin in the blood;
  • hypoglycemic agents, in particular Glibenclamide - decreased effectiveness, which requires control of glycemic levels;
  • stimulants of intestinal motility - increase the concentration of Ciprofloxacin in the blood;
  • drugs for the treatment of gout - increases the toxic effect of the antibiotic on the kidneys;
  • Theophylline and its group analogues - their plasma concentrations may increase;
  • NSAIDs (with the exception of Aspirin) - increased undesirable effects on the central nervous system;
  • immunosuppressants - their dosage needs to be adjusted while taking Ciprofloxacin.

If the recommended dosage is not followed, the following may develop:

  • nausea;
  • vomiting;
  • disturbances of consciousness;
  • convulsive seizures;
  • disorders of the heart, liver, kidneys.

If signs of a drug overdose occur, you should immediately consult a doctor. There is no specific antidote. The patient is given more fluid and treated symptomatically until the condition normalizes.

Ciprofloxacin: side effects, analogs, cost and reviews

Despite the wide range of antimicrobial activity, pronounced effect on the body, and an extensive list of indications, the drug rarely causes side effects.

More often than others, doctors note:

  • nausea, in isolated cases - vomiting, loss of appetite;
  • dizziness, headaches;
  • allergic reactions;
  • tachycardia, shortness of breath.

With parenteral administration, pain may appear at the site of the IV, slight swelling, and phlebitis.

Of the Ciprfloxacin analogues that have the same spectrum of antimicrobial activity, the doctor may recommend:

  • Quintor (India);
  • Inficipro (India);
  • Tseprova (India);
  • Tsiprinol and prolonged form Tsiprinol SR (Slovenia);
  • Ziprobay (Germany);
  • Cifran (India).

Koroshkin Petr Vasilievich, physician - therapist. “I rarely prescribe ciprofloxacin. However, this is not due to the low effectiveness of the drug, but rather, on the contrary, to a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. I prescribe it to patients with particularly resistant forms of infection. The drug helps quickly and rarely causes complications.”

Andrey, 38 years old. “The doctor prescribed Ciprofloxacin when I was diagnosed with gonorrhea. Considering my condition, it was hard to believe that just one tablet would help. But really, it was enough for the symptoms of the disease to quickly disappear.”

Ciprofloxacin, whose side effects are quite rare and the list of contraindications is quite small, is an effective antibiotic that is used to treat various infections. The domestic drug is the most affordable (the cost ranges from rubles). But foreign analogues are also not very affordable, for example, the Israeli Ciprofloxacin Teva costs about 130 rubles for 10 tablets of 0.5 g.

Remember that self-medication is dangerous to your health! Be sure to consult your doctor! The information on the site is presented solely for popular information purposes and does not claim to be reference or medical accuracy, and is not a guide to action.

Source: http://med88.ru/molochnica/antibiotik-ciprofloksacin/

Ciprofloxacin - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and release forms (tablets 250 mg, 500 mg and 750 mg, eye and ear drops 0.3%, solution for injections) of a drug for the treatment of infections in adults, children and pregnancy

In this article you can read the instructions for use of the drug Ciprofloxacin. Reviews of site visitors - consumers of this medicine, as well as the opinions of specialist doctors on the use of Ciprofloxacin in their practice are presented. We kindly ask you to actively add your reviews about the drug: whether the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, what complications and side effects were observed, perhaps not stated by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Ciprofloxacin in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for the treatment of infectious diseases of various organs and body systems in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug from the group of fluoroquinolones. Acts bactericidal. The drug inhibits the enzyme DNA gyrase of bacteria, as a result of which DNA replication and the synthesis of cellular proteins of bacteria are disrupted. Ciprofloxacin acts both on microorganisms that are reproducing and those in the resting phase.

Ciprofloxacin is active against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic bacteria; intracellular pathogens: Legionella pneumophila, Brucella spp., Chlamydia trachomatis, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. Most staphylococci resistant to methicillin are also resistant to ciprofloxacin.

Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis are moderately sensitive to the drug.

Corynebacterium spp., Bacteroides fragilis, Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas maltophilia, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium difficile, Nocardia asteroides are resistant to the drug.

The effect of the drug against Treponema pallidum has not been sufficiently studied.

Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Food intake has little effect on the absorption of ciprofloxacin. Distributed in tissues and body fluids. Penetrates into the cerebrospinal fluid: concentrations of ciprofloxacin with non-inflamed meninges reach 10%, with inflamed meninges - up to 37%. High concentrations are achieved in bile. Excreted in urine and bile.

Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug:

  • respiratory tract;
  • ear, nose and throat;
  • kidneys and urinary tract;
  • genital organs (including gonorrhea, prostatitis);
  • gynecological (including adnexitis) and postpartum infections;
  • digestive system (including the oral cavity, teeth, jaws);
  • gallbladder and bile ducts;
  • skin, mucous membranes and soft tissues;
  • musculoskeletal system;
  • sepsis;
  • peritonitis;
  • prevention and treatment of infections in patients with reduced immunity (during therapy with immunosuppressants).

For topical use:

  • acute and subacute conjunctivitis;
  • blepharoconjunctivitis;
  • blepharitis;
  • bacterial corneal ulcers;
  • keratitis;
  • keratoconjunctivitis;
  • chronic dacryocystitis;
  • meibomites;
  • infectious eye lesions after injury or foreign bodies;
  • preoperative prophylaxis in ophthalmic surgery.

Film-coated tablets 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg.

Eye and ear drops 0.3%.

Solution for intravenous administration (injections in injection ampoules) 2 mg/ml.

Instructions for use and dosage

The dose of Ciprofloxacin depends on the severity of the disease, type of infection, body condition, age, body weight and renal function of the patient.

For uncomplicated diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract - 250 mg, in complicated cases - 500 mg 2 times a day.

Diseases of the lower respiratory tract of moderate severity - 250 mg, in more severe cases - 500 mg 2 times a day.

For the treatment of gonorrhea, a single dose of Ciprofloxacin is recommended.

Gynecological diseases, enteritis and colitis with severe course and high temperature, prostatitis, osteomyelitis - 500 mg 2 times a day (for the treatment of banal diarrhea, you can use a dose of 250 mg 2 times a day).

The drug should be taken on an empty stomach with sufficient liquid.

Patients with severe renal impairment should be prescribed half the dose of the drug.

The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease, but treatment should always continue for at least two more days after the symptoms of the disease have disappeared. Usually the duration of treatment is 7-10 days.

The drug should be administered intravenously by drip over 30 minutes (dose 200 mg) and 60 minutes (dose 400 mg). The infusion solution can be combined with 0.9% sodium chloride solution, Ringer's solution, 5% and 10% dextrose (glucose) solution, 10% fructose solution, a solution containing 5% dextrose solution with 0.225% or 0.45% sodium chloride solution.

The dose of Ciprofloxacin depends on the severity of the disease, type of infection, body condition, age, weight and kidney function of the patient.

A single dose is 200 mg, for severe infections mg. Frequency of administration - 2 times a day; The duration of treatment is a week; if necessary, the course of treatment can be increased.

For acute gonorrhea, the drug is prescribed intravenously in a single dose of 100 mg.

To prevent postoperative infections - pre-surgery injection intravenously.

  • nausea, vomiting;
  • diarrhea;
  • stomach ache;
  • flatulence;
  • anorexia;
  • dizziness;
  • headache;
  • increased fatigue;
  • anxiety;
  • tremor;
  • insomnia;
  • "nightmare" dreams;
  • peripheral paralgesia (anomaly in the perception of pain);
  • sweating;
  • increased intracranial pressure;
  • depression;
  • hallucinations;
  • disturbances of taste and smell;
  • visual impairment (diplopia, changes in color vision);
  • noise in ears;
  • hearing loss;
  • tachycardia;
  • heart rhythm disturbances;
  • decrease in blood pressure;
  • rushes of blood to the skin of the face;
  • leukopenia, granulocytopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, hemolytic anemia;
  • hematuria (blood in the urine);
  • glomerulonephritis;
  • urinary retention;
  • arthralgia;
  • tendon ruptures;
  • myalgia;
  • skin itching;
  • hives;
  • formation of blisters accompanied by bleeding;
  • drug fever;
  • pinpoint hemorrhages (petechiae);
  • swelling of the face or larynx;
  • dyspnea;
  • increased photosensitivity;
  • vasculitis;
  • erythema nodosum;
  • pain and burning at the injection site;
  • general weakness;
  • superinfections (candidiasis, pseudomembranous colitis).
  • deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
  • pseudomembranous colitis;
  • children under 18 years of age (until the process of skeletal formation is completed);
  • pregnancy;
  • lactation period (breastfeeding).

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Ciprofloxacin is contraindicated for use during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding).

If severe and prolonged diarrhea occurs during or after treatment with Ciprofloxacin, the diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis should be excluded, which requires immediate discontinuation of the drug and the appointment of appropriate treatment.

If pain occurs in the tendons or when the first signs of tenosynovitis appear, treatment should be stopped.

During treatment with Ciprofloxacin, it is necessary to provide a sufficient amount of fluid while maintaining normal diuresis.

During treatment with Ciprofloxacin, contact with direct sunlight should be avoided.

With simultaneous intake of alcohol, the hepatotoxic effect of the drug increases.

Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery

Patients taking Ciprofloxacin should be careful when driving a car and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased attention and speed of psychomotor reactions (especially when consuming alcohol at the same time).

Due to a decrease in the activity of microsomal oxidation processes in hepatocytes, ciprofloxacin increases the concentration and lengthens the half-life of theophylline and other xanthines (for example, caffeine), oral hypoglycemic drugs, indirect anticoagulants, and helps reduce the prothrombin index.

When used simultaneously with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (with the exception of acetylsalicylic acid), the risk of developing seizures increases.

Metoclopramide accelerates the absorption of ciprofloxacin, which leads to a decrease in the time to reach the maximum concentration of the latter.

Co-administration of uricosuric drugs leads to a slower elimination (up to 50%) and an increase in plasma concentrations of ciprofloxacin.

When combined with other antimicrobial drugs (beta-lactam antibiotics, aminoglycosides, clindamycin, metronidazole), synergism is usually observed. Therefore, Ciprofloxacin can be successfully used in combination with azlocillin and ceftazidime for infections caused by Pseudomonas spp.; with mezlocillin, azlocillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics - for streptococcal infections; with isoxazolepenicillins and vancomycin - for staphylococcal infections; with metronidazole and clindamycin - for anaerobic infections.

Ciprofloxacin enhances the nephrotoxic effect of cyclosporine, and an increase in serum creatinine is also noted, so in such patients it is necessary to monitor this indicator 2 times a week.

When taken simultaneously, Ciprofloxacin enhances the effect of indirect anticoagulants.

The infusion solution of the drug is pharmaceutically incompatible with all infusion solutions and drugs that are physicochemically unstable in an acidic environment (pH of the ciprofloxacin infusion solution is 3.5-4.6). Do not mix the solution for intravenous administration with solutions having a pH greater than 7.

Analogues of the drug Ciprofloxacin

Structural analogues of the active substance:

Source: http://instrukciya-otzyvy.ru/133-ciprofloksacin-po-primeneniyu-analogi-tabletki-kapli-glaznye-ushnye-rastvor-dlya-ukolov.html

Use of the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin

People's attitudes towards antibiotics vary greatly due to the specific nature of their action, but no one denies that the discovery of the drug was a real breakthrough in medicine. Drugs of this type effectively fight most infectious diseases and purulent complications. The antibiotic Ciprofloxacin has become one of the most popular anti-inflammatory medications of this kind. It is widely used by dentists to treat ENT diseases and infectious inflammation of human internal organs.

What is Ciprofloxacin

The action of the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin is based on its ability to inhibit the enzyme bacterial cells (DNA gyrase) with impaired division, DNA synthesis, and growth of microorganisms. According to the manufacturer, while taking the drug, resistance to other antibiotics that do not belong to the group of gyrase inhibitors does not develop. The drug is effective against infections caused by the following strains:

  • staphylococci;
  • chlamydia;
  • legionella;
  • mycoplasmas;
  • enterococci;
  • mycobacteria.

If the patient has a mixed infection (aerobic and anaerobic), in addition to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, metronidazole or lincosamides are prescribed. This is due to the moderate sensitivity of such pathogens and some resistance to the drug. The following strains have resistance to the drug, which develops gradually:

  • nocardia asteroides;
  • ureaplasma urealyticum;
  • treponema pallidum;
  • streptococcus faecium.

When using the drug, 20 to 40 percent of the substance binds to plasma proteins. The product distributes well in body tissues through biological fluids. Sometimes the concentration of the drug exceeds the plasma concentration. The drug is able to penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid through the placenta, into breast milk, and a lot of the substance accumulates in the bile. Up to 40% of the drug is naturally excreted from the body through the kidneys in the first 24 hours, and another part along with bile.

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Release forms

The antibiotic ciprofloxacin has a wide range of uses and is therefore available in different forms. Based on the active substance (fluoroquinolone), there is an impressive list of analogues, which have the following names: “Tsiprolet”, “Tsipraz”, “Cipralone”, “Mikroflokos”, “Ciproxin”, “Tsiprobay”, “Ificipro”, “Ciprofan”, “ Ciproflox,” etc. Based on the location of the infection and the degree of severity, the following forms of medication can be prescribed:

  • ointment;
  • drop for eyes and ears;
  • coated tablets;
  • ampoules for injections;
  • solution for infusion.

Pills

The most popular form of the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin is tablets. This is due to the ease of storage, transportation and reception of the product. Unlike intramuscular or intravenous injections of the drug, the risk of complications is significantly lower. Moreover, the tablets are not inferior in effectiveness to ampoules. It is preferable to use this form of medication for intestinal diseases, which will ensure rapid access of the treatment substance to the site of infection. The coating of the drug is designed to protect gastric juice during absorption.

Eye and ear drops

Another popular form of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin is drops. Used if the inflammatory or purulent process is in the eye or ears. Drops are produced in the form of a solution with 0.3% of the active substance. The drug has a yellow or yellow-green color, with the presence of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in an amount of 3 g. The drug is prescribed for the following diseases:

  • blepharitis;
  • corneal ulcer;
  • chronic eye diseases;
  • bacterial conjunctivitis;
  • complications after ophthalmic surgery.

Solution for infusion

For intravenous injections of the drug, an infusion solution is used. Externally, the product looks like a suspension, which is prescribed to children for oral use. The solution has a clear, slightly green or yellow tint. The medication is administered to the patient using a dropper over 30 minutes in the amount of 200 mg and 60 minutes - 400 mg. This method of drug administration is used for almost any type of infectious disease.

This dosage form of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin is typically used to treat eye diseases. It is placed in small quantities under the lower eyelid several times a day. For infectious skin lesions, the product is applied once to the affected area, 1 g or as a compression bandage. The duration of use of the medication is determined by the attending physician, based on the severity of the patient’s condition, the extent of the lesion, and the rate of tissue regeneration.

Ampoules for injections

For ease of storage of the drug, it is produced in the form of ampoules with a solution, which is used for drip infusion or injections. The dosage of the medication depends on the disease, for example, pomg is prescribed to people with damage to bones and joints, urogenital infections, and damage to the ENT organs. If the intra-abdominal area, respiratory tract, and soft skin tissues are affected, the single dose is 400 mg.

Instructions for use

Infectious bacteria can infect almost any human organ. Due to this feature, antibiotic drugs are used in all areas of medicine by doctors of various specializations. Depending on the affected area and the location of the infection, only the dosage form of the drug changes. The modern antibiotic ciprofloxacin in its annotation has a wide group of diseases to combat which it should be prescribed:

  1. Infectious diseases of the genitourinary system: salpingoophoritis, prostatitis, urethritis, cystitis, adnexitis, pyelonephritis.
  2. Peritonitis.
  3. Bone and skin lesions: erysipelas, furunculosis, arthritis, bedsores, osteomyelitis.
  4. Infectious diarrhea.
  5. Sepsis.
  6. Anthrax.
  7. ENT organs and respiratory system: tonsillitis, bronchitis, otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis.
  8. Infectious diseases of the organs of vision.

In dentistry

The need to prescribe an antibiotic is determined by the attending physician. An inflammatory, infectious process can be caused by damaged gums after tooth extraction. For ordinary toothache, the drug is prescribed in case of osteomyelitis or periodontitis. Prescribing ciprofloxacin after resection is highly recommended. The product is often used for flux treatment at home. An antibiotic is used for infectious and purulent diseases in the form of tablets of 0.25 and 0.5 g. The dosage of the drug should be determined by a specialist on an individual basis.

For sore throat

The antibiotic ciprofloxacin actively fights most bacteria that can cause sore throat: meningococcus, pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae. The drug is effective even against strains resistant to tetracyclines, penicillins, and aminoglycosides. The medication deals with staphylococcus and streptococcus selectively, depending on the type of bacteria. Before prescribing the drug, a culture should be done to ensure the effectiveness of the drug.

For the treatment of prostatitis

The inflammation that occurs with prostatitis can be effectively treated with antibiotics. Often the doctor prescribes taking ciprofloxacin-promed, which can be called the primary indication for getting rid of the problem. The drug is used in the treatment of acute and chronic prostatitis in men at any age. It is recommended to take the medication as part of complex therapy. The dosage during treatment is as follows:

  1. For chronic prostatitis, mg is prescribed twice a day for 4-6 weeks.
  2. In the acute form of bacterial prostatitis, 500 mg of the drug is prescribed 2 times a day for 2 weeks.

For cystitis

The unique antibacterial properties of ciprofloxacin allow the drug to be used to combat any form of cystitis. This remedy will be the first thing that the doctor prescribes when drawing up a course of therapy. The dosage and method of application of the drug will differ depending on the form of cystitis. In tablet form, according to the rules, the drug is taken on an empty stomach with plenty of liquid. The duration of treatment and dosage depend on the severity of cystitis, as a rule, it is up to 10 days. The antibiotic is taken for another 2 days after the symptoms disappear.

ENT diseases

ENT organs are very susceptible to inflammatory processes. Because of this, the drug ciprofloxacin is effective in treating such diseases. Prescribing the drug is permissible only after appropriate tests have been carried out by a doctor. The medicine acts on the infection, killing it. The dosage for ENT diseases depends on the infection; as a rule, the doctor prescribes ciprofloxacin in the form of tablets of 250 mg or 500 mg.

Contraindications and side effects

  1. It should not be taken by a child under 18 years of age, because the drug may affect the process of skeletal formation.
  2. Diseases of tendons and ligaments.
  3. During pregnancy, during breastfeeding.
  4. Do not take if epilepsy attacks occur.
  5. If you have a personal intolerance to the components of the drug.
  6. Do not take simultaneously with tizandine.

Some patients are interested in whether it is possible to drink alcohol while taking the drug. It should be understood that ciprofloxacin is a potent medication, so combining it with alcohol is prohibited. Interaction of the drug with strong drinks can lead to unpleasant side effects or a decrease in the effect of medicinal components, for example:

  1. The drug and alcohol have a double toxic effect on the liver, destroying it.
  2. The presence of alcohol in the blood increases the risk of side effects.
  3. The medication enhances the effect of alcohol on a person’s condition, and the effectiveness of the drug is significantly reduced.

Doctors strongly recommend giving up alcohol not only during the course of therapy, but also over the next 2 days, so that the medication is completely removed from the body. The daily dosage of the drug is prescribed by the doctor based on tests. There are situations in which overdose symptoms appear or side effects occur.

  • abdominal pain;
  • dizziness;
  • diarrhea;
  • vomit;
  • hand tremors;
  • headache;
  • hallucinations;
  • seizure activity;
  • blood in urine;
  • liver, kidney failure.
  • skin rash, itching;
  • bloating;
  • diarrhea, nausea, vomiting;
  • sleep disturbance;
  • double vision;
  • intestinal dysbiosis;
  • weakness;
  • hepatitis;
  • cardiopalmus;
  • anemia;
  • dizziness.

Video about the effectiveness of ciprofloxacin

Reviews

Karina, 28 years old: My husband had an open wound on his face, a serious one. The doctor prescribed the drug ciprofloxacin. The treatment lasted 7 days, 2 tablets per day. The medication fully fulfilled its functions - it prevented suppuration due to infection. After reading the side effects, I was horrified, so you should take the product only as prescribed by your doctor. I was pleased with the low price of the drug.

Alena, 32 years old: I have a very mixed impression of the medication. They prescribed me ciprofloxacin for acute bronchitis. The drug helped me cure the disease, but while taking the drug I began to have problems with blood pressure and heart. Now I’m spending money on treating side effects from the medication. I’m not sure that the low cost of ciprofloxacin justifies such an effect on the body.

Yulia, 25 years old: With the help of ciprofloxacin, I cured an old purulent sore throat, which was not treated in time. The effect of the antibiotic was already on the 2nd day of using the drug, and on the 3rd there was no trace of the infection left. True, I felt constantly weak; for the first time, thrush appeared, which I had never suffered from before. It may be worth looking for a product with a more modest list of side effects.

The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials in the article do not encourage self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and make recommendations for treatment based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

Source: http://sovets.net/5480-antibiotik-tsiprofloksatsin.html

Ciprofloxacin: what is it used for, forms of release of the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin and its analogues

Latin name: Ciprofloxacinum

Active ingredient: Ciprofloxacin

Manufacturer: Rompharm, Romania/

Balkanfarma, Bulgaria, etc.

Condition for dispensing from the pharmacy: By prescription

Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. The drug has bactericidal properties. It affects bacteria by disrupting DNA replication and the synthesis of bacterial cellular proteins.

Indications for use

As a systemic treatment, Ciprofloxacin is used orally or intravenously in the following cases:

Against sexually transmitted infections:

  • Chancroid
  • Chlamydia
  • Gonorrhea

Against a group of diseases of the abdominal organs:

  • Shigellosis
  • Campylobacteriosis
  • Salmonellosis
  • Intra-abdominal abscesses
  • Stomach and intestinal infections
  • Cholera, typhoid fever
  • Yersiniosis
  • Peritonitis
  • Diseases of the gallbladder and ducts
  • Septic arthritis
  • Osteomyelitis

Against diseases of the pelvic organs:

  • Tubular abscess
  • Oophoritis
  • Cystitis and pyelonephritis
  • Adnexit
  • Pelvioperitonitis
  • Endometritis
  • Salpingitis
  • Prostatitis

Against upper respiratory tract infections:

Ciprofloxacin is also used against eye and ear infections and as postoperative therapy.

Compound

One tablet consists of 250 or 500 mg of the main active agent and additional components included in the antibiotic: titanium dioxide (E 171), silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, hypromellose, potato and corn starch, polysorbate 80, polyethylene glycol 6000, magnesium stearate, hypromellose and microcrystalline cellulose.

The solution for the dropper includes 200 mg of ciprofloxacin.

Medicinal properties

The drug has a pronounced antimicrobial effect (even better than norfloxacin). Ciprofloxacin is absorbed in the intestines in a short time, especially if taken on an empty stomach. The highest concentration of the drug in the blood is achieved one or two hours after administration or 30 minutes after injection.

The half-life of the antibiotic is approximately four hours. The drug easily penetrates all cells and tissues of the body, including the brain. During the day, 40% of the antibiotic is excreted in the urine almost unchanged.

Average price from 20 to 45 rubles.

Eye and ear drops “Ciprofloxacin”

The drop solution has a 0.3% concentration and is bottled in 10 ml or 5 ml bottles in convenient dropper bottles.

The ophthalmic solution has a yellow or yellowish-green tint.

Mode of application

Eye solutions are instilled into the conjunctival sac of the diseased eye, one or two drops at an interval of four hours. If the disease is very severe, you need to drop two drops into the eye with an interval of an hour. The dosage is reduced after the symptoms become less severe.

“Ciprofloxacin”, ear drops instilled 5 drops three times a day. Antibiotic treatment should be continued for another two days after the patient’s condition returns to normal.

The average price is from 20 to 40 rubles.

Solution for infusion “Ciprofloxacin”

Solutions for intravenous injection, 1 ml of which contains 2 mg of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. Packaged in 100 ml jars.

Mode of application

If a sore throat or other illness is severe or the patient is unable to take the medicine orally, it is administered intravenously. Why use 200 mg for infusion for half an hour (if the infection is severe, then 400 mg per hour) twice a day.

The average price is from 15 to 60 rubles.

Ciprofloxacin tablets

Long-acting tablets, enclosed in a film coating. Each of them contains 500 or 1000 mg of ciprofloxacin. They are packaged in packs of five or seven.

And tablets containing 250 or 500 mg of the main drug, and are packaged in packs of 10 pieces. Ciprofloxacin tablets are white, coated, convex on both sides.

Mode of application

The tablets are swallowed while drinking the required amount of water, 250 mg (if a sore throat or other infection is severe, then 500–750 mg) twice or thrice a day.

Long-acting tablets are taken once a day. If the patient has a bladder and ureter infection, a dose of 250 mg twice daily is required. For acute form of gonorrheal urethritis, take 500 mg once.

For the treatment of acute forms of gonorrhea and cystitis that do not have complications, a course of antibiotic is one day. For sore throat and infections of the bladder, ureter, kidneys and abdominal organs, the course lasts a week. Patients with reduced immune defenses should take Ciprofloxacin as long as necessary to end the neutropenic phase. You should take an antibiotic no longer than two months for osteomyelitis, and one to two weeks for tonsillitis and in other cases. If the patient suffers from chlamydia or streptococcal infection, he is prescribed a course lasting ten days.

In the presence of severe kidney damage, the dosage is reduced by half, and for elderly people - by 30%. It is advisable to continue taking the drug for at least three more days after the body temperature returns to normal and other symptoms disappear.

Contraindications

"Ciprofloxacin" is used for adults, it is contraindicated in the presence of intolerance to its components, during pregnancy and breastfeeding, with a lack of glucose-phosphate dehydrogenase, in children and adolescents under eighteen years of age. Intravenous infusion should not be used during the entire period of active growth of the body.

Eye drops are prohibited for children under one year of age and for viral keratitis.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding

Since the medicine freely penetrates the placenta and into breast milk, its use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is prohibited.

Precautionary measures

The medicine should be used with caution for the following diseases:

  • Epilepsy
  • Atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels
  • Severe damage to the liver and kidneys
  • Mental illnesses
  • During pregnancy and breastfeeding.

It is unacceptable to use ciprofloxacin and alcohol at the same time, since the antibiotic will enhance the effect of alcohol and increase the toxic effect on the liver. In addition, this will increase the likelihood of side effects.

Interaction with other drugs

"Ciprofloxacin" is less absorbed in the intestine and, accordingly, its effectiveness decreases when used simultaneously with:

  • Antacids
  • Didanosine
  • Preparations containing iron, aluminum, magnesium and zinc ions.

As a result, they must be taken with Ciprofloxacin at intervals of four hours. Also, simultaneous use of the drug prolongs the elimination period and, therefore, increases the toxic effect of the following drugs:

Side effects

Swallowing tablets and administering intravenous infusions can disrupt the normal functioning of various body systems.

Musculoskeletal: myalgia, tenosynovitis or arthralgia may occur

Blood: the occurrence of thrombocytosis, anemia, tachycardia, arrhythmia, cardiovascular collapse, as well as a decrease in blood pressure

Gastrointestinal tract: possible nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, dry mouth, abdominal pain, hepatitis

Genitourinary: vaginitis, hemorrhagic cystitis, acidosis, frequent or difficult urination

Respiratory: bronchospasm, dyspnea, pulmonary embolism

Nervous: may begin to hurt or feel dizzy, nightmares, depression, eye pain, hallucinations, tinnitus, confusion. You can learn more about tinnitus in the article: ringing, buzzing and tinnitus.

Sometimes allergies appear: hives, swelling of the lips, neck, face, arms and legs, skin rashes, itching, anaphylactic shock.

Possible consequences of using eye drops and ear solutions: infiltration of the cornea of ​​the eyes, blurred vision, unpleasant taste, swelling of the eyelids, lacrimation, itching, burning in the eyes.

To learn how to quickly get rid of dry mouth, read the article: xerostomia or dry mouth.

Overdose

The consequences of an overdose of Ciprofloxacin are similar to the manifestations of side effects: headaches, fatigue, dizziness, convulsions, confusion. A specific symptom is intoxication of the kidney parenchyma. Taking the drug in an amount of 16 g causes severe kidney damage. Therefore, in addition to gastric lavage, antacids containing magnesium and calcium are prescribed, which reduces the absorption of the antibiotic in the body.

Conditions and shelf life

"Ciprofloxacin" is stored in a dark place with low humidity, out of reach of children, at an air temperature not exceeding 25°C. The eye solution is valid for two years from the date of manufacture. Tablets and solution for intravenous infusion - for three years.

Analogs

"Tsifran"

Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, India

One Cifran tablet (250 mg) contains 297.07 mg of the main substance - ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. "Cifran" is available in tablets (250 or 500 mg) and as a solution for intravenous administration. "Tsifran" is issued upon presentation of a prescription.

  • Effective against infectious and inflammatory diseases
  • "Cifran" is approved for use in children over five years of age suffering from cystic fibrosis and anthrax
  • The tablets are bitter in taste and large in volume.
  • Possible consequences of using “Cifran” in the form of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, etc.

"Amoxicillin"

Northern Star, Russia/Natur Product Europe, Netherlands, etc.

The main active agent is amoxicillin, amoxicillin trihydrate. Amoxicillin is sold in the form of tablets, granules for making syrup, and solutions for injections, which are given intramuscularly.

  • Has an antibacterial effect, used against sore throat, bronchitis and other infections
  • Resistant to acids
  • Must be taken every 8 hours - inconvenient
  • Negatively affects the gastrointestinal tract.

"Nolitsin"

The main active ingredient of Nolitsin is norfloxacin (500 mg). "Nolitsin" is available in tablets of 10 pcs. packaged. Packed in 2 packs per pack.

  • "Nolitsin" is effective against infections and inflammations of the genitourinary system
  • 80% of the drug is excreted unchanged from the body by the kidneys
  • The tablets are large and difficult to swallow
  • Nolicin is not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

"Metronidazole"

Nycomed, Denmark, etc.

Each tablet contains 500 mg of metronidazole. Metronidazole is available in various forms (tablets, cream, etc.).

  • Helps kill tumors during radiation therapy
  • Used for adults, in the treatment of bacterial infections and alcoholism
  • Metronidazole is contraindicated in pregnancy, disorders of the central motor system, epilepsy, liver failure
  • The tablets have a bitter taste
  • Candles leak onto underwear.

Download instructions for use

Download the instructions for the solution for infusions "Ciprofloxacin"

Download instructions for Ciprofloxacin drops

Download instructions for Ciprofloxacin tablets

    Read also:
  1. Tsiprolet eye drops, solution for infusion and Tsiprolet tablets: what are they for and how to take them?
  2. Instructions for use of Tsifran OD, dosages, prices, analogues, reviews
  3. Instructions for use of Tsiprobay tablets and solution
  4. Instructions for use of tablets and solution Tsifran

A good antibiotic, despite the budget price. I took it for my husband for advanced prostatitis, he took it while he was being treated with Smartprost - the result even exceeded expectations. Now it simply restores the functions of the prostate, and there is no such inflammation anymore.

I had a different regimen, first an antibiotic and then a smart-prost, but it also worked. In general, I trust ciprofloxacin, at least it doesn’t give any side effects.

Damn, this smartprost would be cheaper...

Are analogues also available with a prescription or not? I don’t see the point of going to a urologist with my prostatitis for a prescription, anyway, he prescribes the same drugs and smartprost every time

Source: http://lekhar.ru/lekarstva/protivomikrobnye-preparaty/ciprofloksacin-instrukicya-po-primeneniyu/

Instructions for use of ciprofloxacin

The antibiotic ciprofloxacin has a wide spectrum of action. The main effect of the drug is bactericidal. The main components that make up the drug can affect bacteria. The main mechanism of action occurs by disrupting replication of DNA itself. In addition, the active components of the drug can quickly disrupt the synthesis of cellular proteins of harmful bacteria and microorganisms.

Composition and release form

The drug can be produced in several forms. For example, in tablets or injections, as well as a solution for a dropper or drops in the nose, eyes and ear cavity.

The tablets contain: titanium dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, as well as potato and corn starch. In addition, tablets, injections and drops contain polysorbate 80 silicon dioxide and polyethylene glycol.

Note that the solution additionally contains 200 mg of ciprofloxacin.

Ciprofloxacin instructions: main indications

Broad-spectrum antibiotics can be used for many diseases. Ciprofloxacin has proven itself well for sinusitis, otitis media and other ENT diseases.

Also, the instructions for use of the drug ciprofloxacin indicate that it can be prescribed for kidney disease or if there is an infection in the genitourinary tract.

Currently, the drug is actively used for diseases of the genital organs and digestive tract.

A positive effect was noted in diseases of the skin, as well as in the presence of infection on the mucous membrane and soft tissues.

Additional indications include the use of intramuscular injections for diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

Contraindications

The main contraindications include glucose deficiency and childhood for some forms of the drug.

In addition, the medicine cannot be used in treatment during pregnancy and lactation.

Is cifrofloxacin considered an antibiotic or not?

It is immediately necessary to answer the main question; this drug in any form is not an antibiotic. The medicine itself belongs to the group of second generation fluoroquinolones, so we can conclude that it is a synthetic drug that has a wide spectrum of action.

Treatment methods and dosage

Ciprofloxacin is often used for sinusitis. The tablet form is prescribed to an adult at 500 mg. Must be taken 2 times a day.

Please note that the interval between the first pill and the second should be at least 12 hours. Otherwise, side effects may occur that complicate the course of the underlying disease.

How long does treatment for sinusitis last? The course of therapeutic treatment is selected individually, it all depends on the severity of the disease, as well as on the general state of health.

The standard dosage regimen is 7 days. For mild sinusitis, you can use ciprofloxacin in the nasal cavity.

When are Ciprofloxacin injections most often given?

The annotation does not say when doctors prescribe the drug in injections and when in tablets. Therefore, only the doctor knows which treatment method will be prescribed in your case.

The only thing that can be noted is that the drug in injections is used for aggravated disease.

For example, an intravenous drip can be prescribed at a dose of 20 mg, which is given to the patient for 30 minutes. If a higher dosage is prescribed, then it is necessary to drip for 60 minutes, for example, with a dose of 400 mg.

When to use drops?

The doctor can prescribe drops not only in the nose, but also in the ear or eyes. For example, for infectious eye diseases, doctors prescribe this medicine in the form of drops. Most often prescribed for conjunctivitis, or, for example, for blepharitis.

Use drops only as prescribed by a doctor.

In addition, eye drops can be prescribed if a foreign body gets into the eyeball or if there is an injury.

Nasal drops are prescribed for any severity of sinusitis or for sore throat. The drops act quickly and help clear the nasal passages of accumulated mucus. This makes it easier for the patient to breathe.

According to the annotation this is not written, but the doctor may prescribe drops for gargling.

Ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin, which is better?

Levofloxacin is a drug that has a good antimicrobial spectrum of action. The drug belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones.

Many people ask the question, which is better? First of all, it should be noted that Levofloxacin has a larger list of indications for use. It is often prescribed specifically for the inflammatory process of the upper and lower respiratory tract. The drug is available in tablet form, so not all children can take it.

If the medicine is prescribed for an infection in the eyes, then Levofloxacin drops can be used.

You know the main contraindications of Ciprofloxacin; as for the second medicine, it has a larger list of contraindications.

It cannot be used in the treatment of hypersensitivity to the main components of the composition. In addition, in case of epilepsy, as well as in case of renal failure, the medicine cannot be taken in any form of release.

The answer to the question, which is better? Only a doctor can answer this question. Since before prescribing a medicine, the doctor needs to collect an anamnesis, find out whether you have contraindications for use, and also determine sensitivity to the fluoroquinoline series.

The only thing that can be said. Medicines from this group have a strong spectrum of action, so they cannot be used independently in treatment.

Additional Information

The tablet form of the drug is inexpensive. If drops or a solution are prescribed, then its cost is higher.

It is important to pay attention! In old age, tablets and injections should only be taken under the strict supervision of the attending physician. Since there is a chance of serious side effects that can complicate the course of the disease.

During the treatment period, caution must be exercised, especially while driving. If you work in a high-risk workplace, you should consult a doctor before use. Otherwise, serious side effects may occur.

If a side effect occurs, you should immediately consult a doctor.

From additional information, it should also be noted that the medicine belongs to list B. Therefore, the medicine must be stored strictly out of the reach of children.

The storage temperature of the drug should not exceed 25 degrees.

It is worth noting that the drug is dispensed from the pharmacy strictly if the patient has a prescription, because any form of the drug has a wide spectrum of action.

Source: http://gaimoritstop.ru/instrukciya-po-primeneniyu-ciprofloksacin.html