Antibiotic for runny nose for children

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Antibiotics for rhinitis for children and adults

The common runny nose, as a rule, does not cause concern and is treated with folk remedies, sprays, and drops. Rhinitis goes away quickly along with its cause - a cold or flu.

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But in some cases, with a prolonged runny nose in both children and adults, antibiotic therapy may be required.

It should be understood that only a doctor can prescribe an antibiotic for a runny nose. Self-administration of drugs is not recommended, as it can cause the opposite effect. Only a specialist will be able to take into account all the individual characteristics of the body and select an effective medicine.

Types of rhinitis

A runny nose is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa, which is accompanied by discharge and sneezing.

There are two categories of rhinitis - infectious and non-infectious. The first category includes a runny nose, which is caused by viruses and bacteria.

For example, influenza provokes an infectious type of rhinitis, which, against the background of a weakened immune system, can be joined by a bacterial type of rhinitis. It is characterized by copious mucous and purulent discharge. Non-infectious rhinitis is considered an independent disease.

The following types of runny nose are distinguished:

  • Infectious rhinitis. This is a symptom of diseases such as influenza, ARVI, measles, diphtheria. If a viral disease is accompanied by a bacterial infection, sinusitis or inflammation of the middle ear may develop.
  • Allergic rhinitis. A runny nose is classified as an independent disease that is triggered by allergens.
  • Traumatic rhinitis. With this type of runny nose, due to some physiological characteristics of the nose, the accumulated mucus does not come out.
  • Drug-induced runny nose. Occurs against the background of uncontrolled use of medicated nasal drops (vasoconstrictors).
  • Neurodynamic rhinitis occurs due to disruption of nerve connections. For this reason, the functioning of the nasal cavity as a whole is disrupted.
  • Hypertrophic rhinitis, in which there is an overgrowth of bone tissue.
  • Atrophic rhinitis involves chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane.

A runny nose of an infectious nature requires treatment, despite its rapid disappearance. This usually takes five to six days. Rhinitis has several stages of development. The first stage is accompanied by sneezing and unpleasant sensations similar to a tickling in the nose. The second stage is accompanied by congestion and difficulty breathing as a consequence. The third stage is accompanied by copious mucous discharge, which has a transparent color like the flu.

If it is a bacterial runny nose, the discharge will have a green-yellow tint, purulent. All these stages develop within four days. Therapy can last no more than a week.

If the runny nose is persistent, your doctor may prescribe antibiotic therapy.

Before starting treatment for a runny nose, you should definitely consult a doctor. Based on the test results, the therapist will select nasal drops and prescribe therapy for the main cause that caused the appearance of rhinitis.

When is antibiotic treatment required?

Most often, antibiotics in the nose are prescribed to treat inflammation of the paranasal sinuses.

Antibiotic therapy may be required for sinusitis. For example, an advanced, untreated infectious type of rhinitis against the background of influenza can develop into a complicated form - sinusitis. There are many types of sinusitis that are treated with antibiotic therapy.

  • Sinusitis - this type of sinusitis involves inflammation of the maxillary paranasal sinus. This disease is known to many, as it is a common complication of a runny nose due to the flu.
  • Frontitis is an inflammation of the frontal sinus.
  • Ethmoiditis - here inflammation affects the mucous membrane of the cells of the ethmoid labyrinth.
  • Sphenoiditis is inflammation of the mucous membrane of the sphenoid sinus.

For these pathologies, antibiotic therapy is often prescribed. Before treatment, the doctor takes into account other stages of the disease - acute or chronic.

It is almost impossible to determine and distinguish ordinary rhinitis from sinusitis on your own. Tests and examination by an otolaryngologist are needed. Due to the fact that ordinary rhinitis can occur in parallel with sinusitis and vice versa, treatment of a runny nose without medical supervision is not recommended. A runny nose can smoothly develop into sinusitis and thereby cause complications.

Antibiotic therapy for adults

Most doctors prescribe antibiotic therapy for a complicated course of the disease - purulent sinusitis. It should be understood that an antibiotic will not help in the case of a viral infection. This group of drugs has its own characteristics and contraindications, which are taken into account when prescribing.

Antibiotics are divided into two broad categories - bacteriostatic and bactericidal. With the help of the former, bacterial growth is suppressed. In other words, the medicine prevents them from reproducing. The bactericidal group of antibiotics is aimed at the complete destruction of bacteria. Medicines in this particular group are quite often prescribed by doctors.

Some of the most effective drugs in the treatment of acute rhinitis and sinusitis today are Erythromycin, Amoxicillin, Bioparox, Clarithromycin and Midecamycin. The substances are made in the form of tablets or capsules. Sometimes a suspension is provided for use in children. In addition to antibiotic tablets, local therapy for the nasal mucosa may be prescribed. For example, drops or sprays containing an antibiotic.

The most popular and effective means of this plan include:

  • Framycetin. The medicine is prescribed for the treatment of acute rhinitis, sinusitis of any type as an auxiliary drug in the complex treatment of the disease.
  • Novoimanin is prescribed for the rapid restoration of the nasal mucosa. The antibiotic belongs to the group of herbal preparations and contains St. John's wort extract. It is considered one of the safest antibiotics for the treatment of rhinitis and sinusitis locally.
  • The drug neomycin is aimed at suppressing bacteria. Available in the form of a solution for instillation into the nose.

The use of antibiotics independently, without medical supervision, is not recommended. Each drug has its own contraindications and features, which only a doctor can take into account. Along with taking pills and using nasal drops, other procedures may be prescribed depending on the type of rhinitis or sinusitis.

Inhalations using the same antibiotics, vitamins and other auxiliary medications are often prescribed. Do not forget that even simple rhinitis or a runny nose can lead to complications. Therefore, treat only under the supervision of a doctor.

Antibiotic therapy for children

A safe and effective antibiotic for rhinitis for children can only be prescribed by a doctor.

Treatment for a child is always different from treatment for adults. Children's bodies have their own physiological characteristics; their immunity is much weaker. Children tolerate antibiotic therapy much worse. Side effects often occur that can lead to such complications that the doctor will think ten times before prescribing an antibiotic.

In most cases, pediatricians and otolaryngologists try to refuse to prescribe antibacterial drugs and prescribe milder therapy. However, in some cases, when there is a risk of worsening the condition, certain antibiotics may be prescribed.

The group of drugs for children is the same as for adults, the difference is in the dosage of the drugs and the amount they are taken.

More often, drugs such as Augmentin, Cefodox or Ceftriaxone are prescribed for the treatment of acute rhinitis and sinusitis. In the most difficult cases, usually during hospitalization, antibiotics are administered intramuscularly. Topical antibiotics, drops, can also be prescribed to children. Antibacterial treatment of children is possible only under the supervision of a doctor.

More information about sinusitis can be found in the video:

Many parents try to independently select an antibiotic to treat their child based on the advice of friends and acquaintances who have experienced prolonged rhinitis or sinusitis. This cannot be done, since each organism is individual. An antibiotic can cause irreparable harm to a child if prescribed incorrectly and without medical supervision. When treating a common runny nose, everything can be managed with antiviral therapy and the use of plant-based nasal drops.

Successful and competent treatment is guaranteed if the patient seeks help from a doctor and does not self-medicate. The use of antibiotics should be under the supervision of a physician.

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Comments (3)

05/26/2017 at 10:29 | #

I try not to give my child antibiotics. In the spring he begins to have an allergic runny nose. He feels better by washing the nasal mucosa. To do this, I take the domestic spray Morenasal.

Nastya

09.19.2017 at 10:08 | #

Azithromycin Ecomed is an excellent remedy for a runny nose - it is a potent antibiotic with an improved composition. It is also prescribed for particularly advanced and severe forms of the common cold, but has virtually no side effects or negative effects on the body. Available both in tablets and capsules, and in the form of a suspension.

Valentina

10/25/2017 at 07:47 pm | #

If only for severe sinusitis, then yes, you can’t do without antibiotics. And with a normal runny nose, why? Personally, I wash it with morenasal spray with chamomile. It helps with congestion, and chamomile oil relieves inflammation.

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The best antibiotics for runny nose and nasal congestion in adults and children

Not everyone knows that taking antibiotics for a runny nose in adults is only necessary if there is a bacterial infection in the nasopharynx. In most cases, treating a runny nose with their use is not justified; it does more harm to the body than good.

Rhinitis is often the result of allergies, bacterial infection or viruses entering the body. There are acute and chronic courses of the disease. In the acute form, complications are possible - inflammation of the paranasal sinuses (maximum, sphenoid). Antibiotics are prescribed for bacterial diseases.

Who needs antibacterial drugs

Antibacterial drugs are not prescribed for mild nasal congestion. These drugs do not have a suppressive effect on viruses. To treat rhinitis of viral origin, ordinary vasoconstrictor drops are used for instillation into the nose and oxolinic ointment for application to the mucous membrane.

Weakened people are prescribed interferons and antiviral drugs. To relieve symptoms of the disease (fever, swelling of the mucous membrane), the doctor prescribes symptomatic therapy using antipyretics, antihistamines (antiallergic) medications, and physiotherapy:

Throughout the course of the disease, salt rinses are indicated. For children and adults, pharmacies sell special medications to relieve swelling, such as Dolphin and Aqualor. When identifying the bacterial nature of rhinitis or sinusitis, taking the latest drugs with antibacterial action is justified.

Antibiotics for rhinitis do not relieve swelling or eliminate the feeling of congestion in the sinuses. Their direct purpose is to destroy harmful bacteria and stop the process of their reproduction. The patient feels noticeable relief due to the fact that antibiotics remove the cause of the disease.

Types of antibiotics

Drugs can be synthetic or made from natural materials. Based on the effect they have on harmful bacteria, they are divided into two groups:

  1. Group one – bactericidal drugs. These medications are designed to destroy pathogenic microorganisms.
  2. The second group of drugs are bacteriostatic drugs. Their purpose is to suppress the growth of bacteria.

In most cases, doctors prescribe bactericidal antibiotics to patients for a prolonged runny nose. This therapy is aimed at completely clearing the nose of infection to restore full nasal breathing.

Types of Antibiotics

There are narrow (local) and broad spectrum antibiotics. Antibacterial drugs with a narrow spectrum of action can affect one type of pathogen.

The newest broad-spectrum drugs are universal and can be used against any type of bacteria.

Before prescribing a narrowly targeted antibiotic for the common cold, the doctor sends the patient’s mucus (pus) for laboratory analysis to identify the type of pathogen. In the laboratory, they determine what types of bacteria have settled on the nasal mucosa (sinuses) and their sensitivity to the active substance included in the medicine.

Types of drugs used in the treatment of inflammation in the nasopharynx and sinuses (paranasal sinuses):

  • penicillin;
  • macrolides;
  • fluoroquinols;
  • cephalosporins.

They produce various types of medicines: injections, drops, tablets, sprays. Injections are prescribed in special cases when infectious inflammation caused by a cold spreads to the bronchi and lungs. A stuffy nose is usually treated with antibacterial sprays and drops.

Use of local antibiotics

Local antibacterial therapy is justified for a runny nose that is protracted, accompanied by purulent discharge and in the absence of complications. Most often prescribed for purulent discharge in an adult and severe nasal congestion in a child:

  • Polydex;
  • Isofr;
  • Fluimucil antibiotic IT.

Polydex description

A French drug, it contains two antibacterial substances: neomycin, polymyxin B. In addition, it contains phenylephrine, a substance that reduces swelling, and the hormone dexamethasone. Due to its composition, the medicinal product has a complex effect:

  • antibacterial;
  • anti-inflammatory;
  • decongestant;
  • vasoconstrictor.

Polydex is prescribed for rhinitis of any form (chronic, acute), sinusitis, rhinosinusitis. There are contraindications; the product is not recommended for use by patients with a number of diseases (glaucoma, thyroid pathologies, albuminuria), expectant mothers, nursing mothers, children under 3 years of age.

For a runny nose, adults spray Polydex 5 times a day, one dose in each nostril; for children over 2.5 years old, 3 times a day is enough.

Isofra, description

Manufactured in France, the active substance (framycetin) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and has an inhibitory effect on various types of pathogens. Indications for use are diagnoses:

  • bacterial rhinitis;
  • sinusitis (without damage to the septum);
  • rhinosinusitis.

There are restrictions: age (children under one year old), intolerance to components. Experts do not recommend Isofra for women during breastfeeding and pregnancy.

Recommendations for using Isofra:

  • adults can instill one dose into each nostril 6 times a day;
  • children are instilled into the nasal passages no more than once every 8 hours.

Fluimucil antibiotic IT

An inhaled antibiotic is produced in Italy. Double use: instillation, inhalation. This medicine is considered the most effective in treating a runny nose with a bacterial nature. The complex action drug (antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, mucolytic) contains thiamphenicol (antibiotic), acetylcysteine ​​(mucolytic).

An antibiotic is prescribed for identified bacterial infections, diagnoses:

Fluimucil is strictly prohibited for patients with severe kidney and blood diseases. Pregnant women and mothers during breastfeeding cannot treat a runny nose with it. Treatment is discontinued if the patient shows signs of intolerance to thiamphenicol or acetylcysteine. Doctors allow the medicine to be used with caution in young children (under 3 years of age) and in patients with chronic diseases (ulcers, bronchial asthma, pulmonary hemorrhages).

Treatment with fluimucil in adult patients

The doctor prescribes inhalation or instillation. For inhalation you need 0.25 g of medicine. Instillation is carried out 2 times a day, 2 drops in each nasal canal.

Treatment of children aged one year and older

The dose of medication for children's inhalation is 0.125 g. It is permissible to give a child 2 inhalations per day. Instill 1-2 drops into the nostrils of children over 1 year old up to 2 times a day.

Features of the use of systemic antibiotics

The use of systemic antibiotics helps if the paranasal sinuses are inflamed. There is abundant purulent discharge, headaches, pain in the frontal and maxillary sinuses, high temperature (39 and above). Antibiotics may be required if there is a sharp deterioration in the patient’s well-being during long-term treatment (7-14 days) of a runny nose. Antibiotics for a runny nose in a child are prescribed in especially severe cases.

The most popular tablets against nasal infections:

Tablets for sinusitis

It is necessary to note the peculiarities of the use of antibiotics in the treatment of sinusitis. Therapy for chronic forms of the disease includes the use of local dosage forms (sprays, antibacterial drops). Acute sinusitis is treated with tablets:

Sumamed is taken in short courses, duration of treatment is no more than 5 days. The medicine is effective for infections of various origins. Plus the drugs have a low percentage of side effects.

Flemoxin Solutab begins to act quickly, the required concentration of the active substance in the blood occurs 2 hours after taking the tablets. The antibiotic inhibits many types of bacteria.

Avelox is a potent drug, it is prescribed to adult patients with an acute form of infectious sinusitis, it acts on all types of bacteria, without exception. Tablets (injections) of this medicine are usually prescribed if therapy with other forms of treatment does not give a positive result.

Side effect

The patient needs urgent consultation with a specialist if, while using an antibacterial agent, he experiences the following manifestations:

  • loose stools;
  • vomit;
  • feeling of slight nausea;
  • rash, itching and other manifestations of allergies;
  • poor appetite.

Conclusion

When taking antibiotics for nasal congestion, you must strictly follow the recommendations of your doctor. It is unacceptable to exceed the dosage or stop taking it before the end of the course. You can stop treatment with the prescribed drug only if side effects occur.

Before taking harmful antibiotics, I recommend using Loromax, it won’t hurt your pocket. The product is based on natural ingredients and is not addictive. both adults and children.

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Source: http://viplor.ru/nos/rinit/antibiotiki-pri-nasmorke-u-vzroslyh

Antibiotics for children with cough and runny nose

When treating children, antibiotics are used extremely rarely, only when the cough or runny nose has reached a complicated stage, and the previously used therapy did not produce any results within a week. The use of powerful antiviral and antibacterial drugs in the presence of high fever for more than three days is especially indicative. The prescription of such medications occurs only after an in-person examination of the child.

Antibiotics for children with cough and runny nose

Antibiotics against runny nose for children in drops and spray

Framycetin

The use of Framicitin is possible after the child reaches one year of age. Typically, patients are prescribed the drug in combination with other drugs to prevent a severe runny nose, including those with purulent patches or the development of sinusitis. The child is instilled with one or two drops of the solution into each nasal passage up to six times a day. Noticeable relief from using Framycin should come already on the second or third day. The duration of therapy cannot exceed five days, in complex cases – seven days.

Isofra

Isofra is one of the most popular antibiotics for severe runny nose.

One of the most popular antibiotics for severe runny nose. Before use, shake the bottle with liquid thoroughly, after which you need to inject the drug once into each nostril. The number of recommended repetitions up to five years is three doses; after this age, the number of daily doses can be increased to six. The therapeutic course can last for ten days, but it is advisable to end it on the seventh day.

Bioparox

The drug Bioparox can have a rapid anti-inflammatory effect

This drip solution contains a powerful antibiotic, fusafungin, which can have a rapid anti-inflammatory effect. After just one or two instillations, the child’s swelling goes away, lacrimation decreases, and the activity of mucus production in the nose decreases. For young patients, it is recommended to take one injection into each nasal passage three to four times a day. For complicated runny nose with a large amount of pus, you can increase the dosage to two injections four times a day.

Attention! Before instillation, it is recommended to rinse each nasal passage with a saline solution or sea water. To do this, you can use solutions such as Humer or Aquamaris.

Antibiotics in the form of tablets or suspensions against the runny nose

Cefodox

The antibiotic can be used after the patient is five months old in the form of a suspension. After 12 years, the child is transferred to the adult form of the drug in tablets. Use Cefodox once a day strictly with meals. The classic dosage of the suspension for a runny nose is 10 mg per kilogram of body. It is imperative that a minimum time interval of 12 hours be maintained between doses. Before taking the suspension, shake the jar for one minute. Duration of therapy is up to 14 days for a complicated diagnosis.

Augmentin

The drug Augmentin for the treatment of runny nose in children

Also available in tablet and suspension form. After 12 years or when the child reaches a body weight of 40 kg, the classic dosage of the drug is 250 mg of the active substance three times a day. From three months to 12 years, patients take 5 ml of suspension three times a day. To prepare the solution, use all the powder at once. Be sure to shake the bottle before taking a dose. When treating a runny nose, Augmentin can be used for up to 14 days, but it is advisable to reduce therapy to 5-7 days.

Attention! These antibiotics can also be used to treat a child’s cough. In this case, no dose adjustments are necessary, but an examination by the attending physician is required.

Antibiotics in the form of a cough suspension

Sumamed

Sumamed is a powder for preparing a solution for internal use.

It is a powder for preparing a solution for internal use. The children's suspension has a pronounced strawberry flavor, but does not evoke a feeling of strong sweetness. Summed belongs to the class of antiviral drugs of the macrolide group. Young patients are prescribed the drug strictly once in the dosage measured by the doctor after meals; it is allowed to take Summed before the main meal. The powder itself can be diluted with ordinary boiled water. Before each dose, shake the bottle of liquid thoroughly and store the prepared solution in the refrigerator. The course of therapy cannot last more than ten days.

Azithromycin

The drug Azithromycin is used for complicated cough

Belongs to a class of fairly strong antibiotics that are prescribed for complicated forms of cough, usually accompanied by the development of pneumonia and bronchitis. Azithromycin is a second-order antibiotic, which means it can be prescribed if other drugs in this group are ineffective. The classic dosage of an antibacterial agent is 10 mg per kilogram of body. Up to five years of age, significant dose adjustments are allowed to reduce side effects on the child's body. The suspension is used on children whose age has reached six months.

Ospamox

It is also available in powder form, which is diluted in full with ordinary boiled water. When prescribing the drug, the weight and age of the child are also taken into account. Patients weighing less than 40 kg are prescribed classic dosages of 60 mg per kilogram of body three times a day. For children under three years of age, the dosage can be halved. If a child weighs over 40 kg, he takes adult doses of Ospamox, which range from 750 mg to 3 g of the active substance. Once the child reaches a weight of 40 kg, it makes sense to use the medication in tablet form instead of a suspension.

Attention! All of the above suspensions are given in dosage to the child, based on his current weight. Exceeding the dose is strictly prohibited, so as not to provoke serious stomach problems or an allergic reaction.

Antibiotics in the form of tablets for children against cough

Flemoxin Solutab

The drug Flemoxin Solutab for the treatment of cough in children

It belongs to the amoxicillin group and is usually prescribed for three years, when the child can already swallow a tablet normally. Since the medicine has a pronounced bitter taste, it can be crushed and mixed with juice. There are no classical dosages for the drug, since the weight of the child, the complication of cough and the tolerability of amoxicillin play a big role. You should not use Flemoxin Solutab if your cough is associated with a sore throat or allergy.

Biseptol

An antibiotic that is traditionally prescribed from the age of four, but in case of significant complications it can be used in children aged two years. From two to five years, the doctor prescribes 120 mg of the active substance twice a day, it is advisable to take Biseptol after meals, washing down the tablets with a small amount of water. From six to 12 years of age, patients drink a dosage of 240 mg of antibiotic, also twice a day. The duration of therapy depends on the patient's condition, but cannot last more than ten days.

Amoxil

These tablets are used from three years of age. Young patients are prescribed 375 mg twice a day or 250 mg three times a day. In such dosages, the drug is taken for up to 10 years. After this age, the dose of the drug is increased twice a day. If necessary, the dosage is adjusted, but only downward. You can continue treatment according to the given regimen for one week. If the required therapeutic effect has not been achieved in seven days, but there are clear positive changes, the duration of therapy can be extended to 14 days.

Attention! Since taking oral antibiotics has a negative effect on the stomach, it is worth taking medications with probiotics during treatment.

Video - How to quickly cure a child’s cough

Side effects from using antibiotics

When using antiviral drugs, even in normal dosages, the following side effects may occur:

  • the appearance of itching and skin rash;
  • swelling of the throat, nose and mouth;
  • feeling of nausea, vomiting and functional bowel disorder;
  • Quincke's type edema;
  • hand tremors, convulsions;
  • aseptic meningitis;
  • increased dryness in the mouth;
  • irritability and nervousness;
  • sleep problems;
  • interstitial type nephritis;
  • serum sickness;
  • severe allergic cough or runny nose.

Attention! If you experience side effects, you should immediately contact your pediatrician. He will adjust the therapy or completely abolish a certain antibiotic, as well as prescribe symptomatic treatment.

Cost of medicines for cough and runny nose

Attention! Due to small features in the composition of drugs produced in different pharmaceutical companies and in different countries, the cost of the medicine may differ by 5-20%.

Long-term use of antibiotics is extremely dangerous for a child's body. It's not just about the possibility of overdose and side effects. The most dangerous condition with prolonged use of antiviral and antibacterial drugs in patients may become addictive, which will make it impossible to cure it in the future. Only a competent approach to treatment can quickly help the child and minimize the risk of complications in the remission stage.

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Source: http://med-explorer.ru/otolaringologiya/lechenie-detej/antibiotiki-dlya-detej-pri-kashle-i-nasmorke.html

9 honest groups of antibiotics in the treatment of complications of the common cold in adults and children

Rhinitis (runny nose) is an inflammatory process that affects the nasal mucosa. Rhinitis can be viral, allergic, bacterial, vasomotor, drug-induced, reflex, etc. Acute and chronic rhinitis are also distinguished.

Acute rhinitis is accompanied by damage to the entire nasal mucosa. The disease is often complicated by the involvement of the mucous membranes of the paranasal sinuses in the inflammatory process. Most often, the mucous membrane of the ethmoid labyrinth is damaged (ethmoiditis occurs) and the maxillary sinuses (sinusitis).

Chronic rhinitis is accompanied by damage to the mucous membranes lining the inferior turbinates and the anterior sections of the nose. Unlike acute rhinitis, chronic rhinitis is less often accompanied by the transition of the inflammatory process to the mucous membranes of the middle and upper nasal concha.

Antibiotics for runny nose in adults and children: when are they prescribed?

There is no treatment for common viral runny nose with antibiotics in adults and children. Antibacterial drugs do not act on viruses, so their use is not advisable.

For the treatment of viral, uncomplicated rhinitis, vasoconstrictor nasal drops and oxolinic ointment are used; if necessary, interferons and antiviral agents can be used. To reduce intoxication, drinking plenty of warm water is recommended. Symptomatic therapy consists of prescribing antipyretics (if the temperature rises above 38 0 C) and antihistamines (if there is severe swelling of the mucous membrane).

Physiotherapy (Ural irradiation, UHF, magnetic therapy) can also be used. After reducing the swelling of the mucous membrane, rinsing the nose with saline solutions, preparations such as Dolphin, Aqualor, Aqua Maris, etc. is effective.

The course of viral rhinitis is conventionally divided into four stages:

  • irritation - lasts from one to three days (the appearance of serous, watery, profuse discharge, constant sneezing, discomfort in the nose);
  • exudation - lasts from two to four days (the stage of thicker, mucous discharge);
  • thick discharge – the stage of yellowish, viscous discharge, usually lasts from two to three days;
  • convalescence or development of complications.

Systemic antibiotics for nasal congestion are not prescribed if there is no bacterial sinusitis (sinusitis, ethmoiditis, frontal sinusitis, sphenoiditis), rhinosinusitis (rhinitis in combination with sinusitis) or other complications. Antibiotics do not reduce mucosal swelling or improve sinus aeration. These drugs act directly on the bacterial pathogen, destroying it or preventing its reproduction. That is, the rapid improvement in well-being while taking antibacterial drugs is due to the fact that antibiotics destroy the cause of inflammation - pathogenic bacteria.

As a result, within 1-2 days the severity of clinical symptoms decreases: the temperature decreases, intoxication symptoms disappear (muscle and joint aches, lethargy, etc.).

Antibiotics for prolonged purulent runny nose can be prescribed as part of combined drops or sprays (Polydex with phenylephrine, Fluimucil antibiotic IT, etc.). Due to the combined composition, these agents are not only antibacterial, but also vasoconstrictor, decongestant, mucolytic, anti-inflammatory, etc. action.

Complications of acute rhinitis

Systemic antibiotics for the treatment of rhinitis are prescribed precisely when complications develop. In children under three years of age, sinusitis practically does not occur, however, acute rhinitis in children can be complicated by otitis media. In adults, rhinitis is more often complicated by sinusitis. Also, mucus draining down the back wall of the throat can cause pharyngitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis, and bronchitis.

The development of bacterial complications is indicated by the “second wave” of the disease. That is, after improvement occurs, the temperature rises again, intoxication symptoms appear, and symptoms specific to the developed complication appear.

With otitis media, there is pain and a feeling of fullness in the ear, and hearing loss. Young children become capricious, refuse to eat, and hold their ears.

With sinusitis, headaches appear that get worse when bending over, purulent discharge from the nasal passages, congestion, and a feeling of fullness in the bridge of the nose. With sinusitis, pain can radiate to the upper jaw and teeth.

Pharyngitis is characterized by sore throat, sore and dry mucous membranes, and a reflex cough. The mucous membrane of the throat takes on a bright red tint. You can often notice viscous purulent mucus running down the back wall. Regional lymph nodes (cervical, submandibular, occipital) are often enlarged.

Tonsillitis is accompanied by enlargement of the tonsils and the appearance of white, purulent plaques, pain in the throat, aggravated by swallowing. There is also an increase in the cervical and submandibular lymph nodes.

The addition of bronchitis is indicated by a cough, first dry, then with the addition of sputum.

Local antibiotics for runny nose in children and adults: names and brief overview

For severe and prolonged purulent runny nose, without the development of sinusitis and other complications, local antibacterial therapy can be used.

Fluimucil antibiotic IT

The cost of the drug, produced by the Italian company Zambon, is 780 rubles.

The most effective is the inhaled antibiotic Fluimucil antibiotic IT. It can be used either in the form of drops or through a nebulizer.

Fluimucil antibiotic it

The drug contains the synthetic antibiotic thiamphenicol (a group of amphinecols) and the mucolytic acetylcysteine. Due to the combined composition, in addition to a pronounced antibacterial effect on a wide range of pathogens, the product has powerful mucolytic and anti-inflammatory effects.

The drug can be used for bacterial rhinitis, sinusitis, laryngotracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.

By inhalation, adults are prescribed 0.25 g of the solution, when using Fluimucil drip - 2-4 drops. The product is used 1-2 times a day.

Antibiotic for the common cold for children and adolescents:

  • inhalation, for children over 1 year of age, 0.125 g one to two times a day, depending on the severity of the disease;
  • Fluimucil antibiotic IT can be dripped into the nose from the 1st year, 1-2 drops.

Contraindications to the use of the drug are divided into absolute and relative.

The absolute restrictions on the use of the drug are:

  • blood diseases, inhibition of bone marrow hematopoiesis;
  • severe damage to the kidneys and liver, accompanied by impairment of their functions;
  • lactation;
  • intolerance to thiamphenicol or acetylcysteine.

Relative restrictions (that is, the drug can be prescribed according to strict indications) are;

  • phenylketonuria;
  • arterial hypertension;
  • age up to three years;
  • pregnancy;
  • pathology of esophageal veins;
  • stomach and duodenal ulcers;
  • bronchus. asthma;
  • history of pulmonary hemorrhage.

Isofra

The cost of the means of production of the French pharmaceutical company Bouchard Laboratory is 320 rubles.

Main active ingredient: antibiotic of the aminoglycoside class - framycetin.

The drug has a powerful antibacterial effect against a wide range of pathogens. Isofra can be used for bacterial rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, sinusitis (provided that there is no damage to the septum).

Isofra is not prescribed for the treatment of children under one year of age, patients with individual intolerance to aminoglycosides, pregnant or breastfeeding women.

For adults, it is recommended to take 1 dose in each nasal passage four to six times a day.

An antibiotic for a runny nose for children is prescribed 1 dose every eight hours.

Polydexa

The cost of the means of production of the French pharmaceutical company Bouchard Laboratory is 330 rubles.

The product includes:

  • antibiotics polymyxin B (polymyxin class) and neomycin (aminoglycosides);
  • anticongestant (decongestant) phenylephrine;
  • hormone - dexamethasone.

Due to the combined composition, the drug has not only an antibacterial, but also a pronounced anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor and decongestant effect.

Polydexa can be used for acute and chronic rhinitis, rhinopharyngitis and sinusitis.

Contraindications to its use are:

  • angle-closure glaucoma;
  • pregnancy and breastfeeding;
  • children up to 2.5 years old
  • albuminuria;
  • individual intolerance to components;
  • thyroid dysfunction.

Adults are recommended to use Polydex three to five times a day (1 spray). For children from 2.5 to fifteen years old, it is prescribed three times a day.

Systemic antibiotic therapy

Augmentin

Augmentin for a runny nose is prescribed in the presence of bacterial complications (sinusitis, otitis media, tonsillitis, bronchitis, etc.).

The drug is produced by the British pharmaceutical company Glaxo Smith Klein. Cost 20 tab. 375 mg - 250 rubles; 14 tab. 652 mg – 330 rubles; 14 tab. 1 g - 320 rubles.

The main active ingredient of Augmentin is the semi-synthetic penicillin Amoxicillin, enhanced with the inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamases, clavulanic acid.

The product is active against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria, including strepto- and staphylococci (methicillin-sensitive), Haemophilus influenzae, enterococci, clostridia, Moraxella, Escherichia, Corynebacteria, etc.

Other drugs amoxicillin + clavulanic acid:

  • Arlet (produced by the Russian pharmaceutical company Synthesis AKOMP. Price 14 tablets of 625 mg - 330 rubles, 14 tablets of 1 g - 410 rubles);
  • Panklav (a drug produced by the Serbian pharmaceutical company Hemofarm. Cost 20 tablets of 625 mg - 460 rubles, 14 tablets of 1 g - 380 rubles);
  • Ecoclave (produced by the Russian company ABVA RUS. Cost 15 tablets of 375 mg - 200 rubles, 15 tablets of 625 - 300 rubles, 14 tablets of 1 g - 340 rubles).

Sumamed

The drug is produced by the Israeli pharmaceutical company Pliva Hrvatska. The cost of packaging is 3 tablets. 500 mg is 580 rubles.

The main active ingredient of Sumamed is azithromycin (a macrolide antibiotic).

The advantages of azithromycin over other antibiotics include its good tolerability, low incidence of undesirable effects, and the possibility of use in short courses due to its prolonged action.

The antibiotic has a wide spectrum of action, including streptococci and staphylococci, chlamydia, mycoplasma, gonococci, meningococci, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella, Listeria, Legionella, etc.

Other azithromycin preparations (3 tablets of 500 mg):

  • Ecomed of the Russian campaign ABVA RUS. Price, rub.;
  • Hemomycin from the Serbian company Hemofarm. Price, rub.;
  • Azithromycin from the Russian company Pharmstandard. Price 110 rub.

Suprax

The drug cefixime (3rd generation cephalosporin) from the Indian campaign Astella. The cost of 6 capsules of 400 mg is 740 rubles.

Cefixime is resistant to bacterial beta-lactamases and has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action, including streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus, Escherichia, gonococci, Klebsiella, Moraxela, Serration, Shigella, Citrobacter, etc.

Other cefixime drugs:

Pantsef, Macedonian campaign Alkaloid. Cost of 6 tablets. 400 mgr.

Infectious disease doctor A.L. Chernenko

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List of over-the-counter antibiotics + reasons for banning their free circulation

In the forties of the last century, humanity received powerful weapons against many deadly infections. Antibiotics were sold without prescriptions and allowed

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Antibiotic for runny nose

A runny nose in adults in most cases is a sign of another disease. In the initial stages, drops with a vasoconstrictor effect are usually prescribed. They moisturize the nasal mucosa, remove swelling and reduce the amount of mucus. The goal of such therapy is to relieve symptoms and facilitate nasal breathing. But if the intensity of nasal discharge does not change, it becomes greater, and the swelling and inflammation in the tissues do not go away, it is recommended to take antibiotics.

Treatment with antibiotics is best done only in case of complications and protracted illness.

Antibiotics are used to treat a prolonged runny nose, chronic diseases with acute manifestations, purulent discharge, for example, sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, ethmoiditis. Inflammatory processes occur in the paranasal sinuses and are accompanied by copious purulent discharge, fever, and constant throbbing pain in the head. Conventional bactericidal agents are ineffective in this case.

Main indications for use for a runny nose:

bacterial form at a severe stage; protracted rhinitis with transition to the chronic stage; severe exacerbation of protracted rhinitis as a result of hypothermia; infection in the maxillary sinuses; detection of rhinitis as a consequence of ethmoiditis, frontal sinusitis; complications as a result of a runny nose, provoking the occurrence of tonsillitis, bronchitis, tracheitis.

Systemic antibacterial medications are prescribed if adult patients have symptoms:

an increase in body temperature of more than 39 degrees; an increase in the amount of discharge that becomes purulent in nature; severe pain around the paranasal sinuses, in the T-shaped area of ​​the forehead, in the eyes; lack of progress in therapy within 10 days from the onset of rhinitis; a sharp deterioration in condition after a short improvement ;transition of the acute stage of rhinitis to the chronic stage.

Antibiotics for the common cold can be local or general and are offered in the form of tablets, capsules, sprays and drops. Drugs are prescribed for intramuscular injection when bacteria multiply rapidly, the infection develops and its spread to other organs is observed.

Treatment with antibacterial drugs is used when the existing pathology worsens, the development of bacterial infection and the absence of effect from traditional therapy.

The speed and effectiveness of the antibiotic are the main advantages of antimicrobial drugs, but they have a number of serious contraindications. Therefore, before deciding which medicine to use, you need to consult a doctor.

taking against allergies and for chronic sinusitis is fraught with disruption of the natural microflora of mucosal tissues, which initiates the development of a secondary fungal infection; treatment for viral rhinitis can weaken the immune system; therapy with incorrectly selected drugs increases the risk of developing candidiasis, dysbiosis, gastrointestinal dysfunction, increasing the resistance of bacteria to the action of antibiotics; row.

The instructions for use clearly state contraindications, which the patient must be familiar with.

It is better to treat a runny nose with local antibiotics in the form of drops or sprays. Their use reduces the risk of complications from other organs and systems of the human body, so treatment is easier to tolerate, and side effects rarely occur.

For the treatment of colds and infectious diseases, complex therapy with several types of antibiotics is prescribed. The most common:

penicillins, such as Moxifloxacin, Levofloxacin; fluoroquinols; macrolides, for example, Azitrocymine; cephalosporins, such as Suprax, Cefuroxime.

Antibiotics for the common cold are offered in drop, tablet or injection form. They are taken systemically until the course of treatment is completed. Since the drugs quickly penetrate into the blood and are absorbed by the liver and kidneys, they are therefore prescribed only for serious indications and for advanced, especially severe forms of the common cold.

Before prescribing a certain type of antibiotics, you need to undergo an examination, take tests, swabs from the nasal mucosa for prolonged rhinitis, and samples of pus from the sinuses. From the information obtained, it is established what type or several types of pathogens caused the infection, as well as the sensitivity of microbes to various antibiotics. After reviewing the test results, the doctor selects the dosage, type and course of treatment.

Common tablets are presented in the list: Amoxiclav, Azithromycin, Claforan, Sumamed, Ampicillin. The most effective antibiotic for macrolide type rhinitis is: Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Midecamycin. The second most popular drugs are β-lactam (Augmentin) and cephalosporin (Cefodox, Ceftriaxone).

In particularly severe cases, intramuscular injections and infusions using special solutions are recommended. General antibiotics can cure not only a runny nose in an adult, but also the cause of its occurrence.

Lightweight antibiotics are nasal drops and aerosols, such as:

Neomycin is an aminoglycoside group. The product is offered in drops, but it can be used as a lotion. Does not work against viruses. The natural antibiotic Novoimanin acts on the restoration of mucosal tissue. Suitable for combating penicillin-resistant staphylococci. Offered in the form of drops. Framycetin, Novocain, Neomycin based on natural ingredients are prescribed for chronic runny nose, such as rhinitis, sinusitis. However, a runny nose of fungal or infectious origin cannot be treated. Aerosol Bioparox based on fusafungin effectively works against γ-positive and γ-negative bacterial infections, fungal infections, and has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Spray Isofra based on framycetin allows you to quickly relieve swelling, inflammation and get rid of snot . The antibiotic has no effect against anaerobic microbes. Polydex spray based on phenylephrine has an antibacterial effect and relieves nasal congestion. The therapeutic effect is pronounced and has a wide range of applications. Streptococci are resistant to these antibiotics.

Drops and sprays often provoke the development of allergic reactions, which leads to aggravation of the problem with a runny nose, so the drugs should only be prescribed by a doctor. Allergies may occur some time after the start of treatment, therefore, it is necessary to monitor changes in the general condition of the patient. If necessary, the course of treatment is adjusted. Sometimes the originally prescribed drug should be stopped.

Antibiotics are strong drugs, so improper use, deviation from the course of therapy and dosage can lead to a number of side effects. Most common problems:

nausea and vomiting; gastrointestinal dysfunction; aching and cutting pain in the abdomen; loss of appetite; iron deficiency and anemia; the appearance and development of other fungal infections; allergic reactions.

When taking local antibiotics, exceeding the dose taken can cause various skin lesions and burns of the mucous membrane.

Rhinitis (runny nose) is an inflammatory process that affects the nasal mucosa. Rhinitis can be viral, allergic, bacterial, vasomotor, reflex, etc. Acute and chronic rhinitis are also distinguished.

Acute rhinitis is accompanied by damage to the entire nasal mucosa. The disease is often complicated by the involvement of the mucous membranes of the paranasal sinuses in the inflammatory process. Most often, the mucous membrane of the ethmoid labyrinth is damaged (ethmoiditis occurs) and the maxillary sinuses (sinusitis).

Antibiotics for rhinitis in adults are prescribed precisely in the presence of bacterial complications.

Chronic rhinitis is accompanied by damage to the mucous membranes lining the inferior turbinates and the anterior sections of the nose. Unlike acute rhinitis, chronic rhinitis is less often accompanied by the transition of the inflammatory process to the mucous membranes of the middle and upper nasal concha.

There is no treatment for common viral runny nose with antibiotics in adults and children. Antibacterial drugs do not act on viruses, so their use is not advisable.

For the treatment of viral, uncomplicated rhinitis, vasoconstrictor nasal drops and oxolinic ointment are used; if necessary, interferons and antiviral agents can be used. To reduce intoxication, drinking plenty of warm water is recommended. Symptomatic therapy consists of prescribing antipyretics (if the temperature rises above 380C) and antihistamines (if there is severe swelling of the mucous membrane).

Physiotherapy (Ural irradiation, UHF, magnetic therapy) can also be used. After reducing the swelling of the mucous membrane, rinsing the nose with saline solutions, preparations such as Dolphin, Aqualor, Aqua Maris, etc. is effective.

The course of viral rhinitis is conventionally divided into four stages:

irritation - lasts from one to three days (the appearance of serous, watery, profuse discharge, constant sneezing, discomfort in the nose); exudation - lasts from two to four days (the stage of thicker, mucous discharge); thick discharge – the stage of yellowish, viscous discharge, usually lasts from two to three days; convalescence or development of complications.

Systemic antibiotics for nasal congestion are not prescribed if there is no bacterial sinusitis (sinusitis, ethmoiditis, frontal sinusitis, sphenoiditis), rhinosinusitis (rhinitis in combination with sinusitis) or other complications. Antibiotics do not reduce mucosal swelling or improve sinus aeration. These drugs act directly on the bacterial pathogen, destroying it or preventing its reproduction. That is, the rapid improvement in well-being while taking antibacterial drugs is due to the fact that antibiotics destroy the cause of inflammation - pathogenic bacteria.

Read further: Three groups of antibiotics for ENT diseases in adults

As a result, within 1-2 days the severity of clinical symptoms decreases: the temperature decreases, intoxication symptoms disappear (muscle and joint aches, lethargy, etc.).

Antibiotics for prolonged purulent runny nose can be prescribed as part of combined drops or sprays (Polydex with phenylephrine, Fluimucil antibiotic IT, etc.). Due to the combined composition, these agents are not only antibacterial, but also vasoconstrictor, decongestant, mucolytic, anti-inflammatory, etc. action.

Systemic antibiotics for the treatment of rhinitis are prescribed precisely when complications develop. In children under three years of age, sinusitis practically does not occur, however, acute rhinitis in children can be complicated by otitis media. In adults, rhinitis is more often complicated by sinusitis. Also, mucus draining down the back wall of the throat can cause pharyngitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis, and bronchitis.

The development of bacterial complications is indicated by the “second wave” of the disease. That is, after improvement occurs, the temperature rises again, intoxication symptoms appear, and symptoms specific to the developed complication appear.

With otitis media, there is pain and a feeling of fullness in the ear, and hearing loss. Young children become capricious, refuse to eat, and hold their ears.

With sinusitis, headaches appear that get worse when bending over, purulent discharge from the nasal passages, congestion, and a feeling of fullness in the bridge of the nose. With sinusitis, pain can radiate to the upper jaw and teeth.

Pharyngitis is characterized by sore throat, sore and dry mucous membranes, and a reflex cough. The mucous membrane of the throat takes on a bright red tint. You can often notice viscous purulent mucus running down the back wall. Regional lymph nodes (cervical, submandibular, occipital) are often enlarged.

Tonsillitis is accompanied by enlargement of the tonsils and the appearance of white, purulent plaques, pain in the throat, aggravated by swallowing. There is also an increase in the cervical and submandibular lymph nodes.

The addition of bronchitis is indicated by a cough, first dry, then with the addition of sputum.

Read more: Dietary considerations when taking antibiotics

For severe and prolonged purulent runny nose, without the development of sinusitis and other complications, local antibacterial therapy can be used.

The cost of the drug, produced by the Italian company Zambon, is 780 rubles.

The most effective is the inhaled antibiotic Fluimucil antibiotic IT. It can be used either in the form of drops or through a nebulizer.

Fluimucil antibiotic it

The drug contains the synthetic antibiotic thiamphenicol (a group of amphinecols) and the mucolytic acetylcysteine. Due to the combined composition, in addition to a pronounced antibacterial effect on a wide range of pathogens, the product has powerful mucolytic and anti-inflammatory effects.

The drug can be used for bacterial rhinitis, sinusitis, laryngotracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.

By inhalation, adults are prescribed 0.25 g of the solution, when using Fluimucil drip - 2-4 drops. The product is used 1-2 times a day.

Antibiotic for the common cold for children and adolescents:

inhalation, for children over 1 year of age, 0.125 g one to two times a day, depending on the severity of the disease; Fluimucil antibiotic IT can be dripped into the nose from the 1st year, 1-2 drops.

Contraindications to the use of the drug are divided into absolute and relative.

Absolute restrictions on the use of the drug are: blood diseases, inhibition of bone marrow hematopoiesis; severe damage to the kidneys and liver, accompanied by impairment of their functions; lactation; intolerance to thiamphenicol or acetylcysteine.

Relative restrictions (that is, the drug can be prescribed according to strict indications) are;

phenylketonuria; arterial hypertension; age up to three years; pregnancy; pathology of esophageal veins; stomach and duodenal ulcers; bronchus. asthma; history of pulmonary hemorrhage.

The cost of the means of production of the French pharmaceutical company Bouchard Laboratory is 320 rubles.

Main active ingredient: antibiotic of the aminoglycoside class - framycetin.

The drug has a powerful antibacterial effect against a wide range of pathogens. Isofra can be used for bacterial rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, sinusitis (provided that there is no damage to the septum).

Isofra is not prescribed for the treatment of children under one year of age, patients with individual intolerance to aminoglycosides, pregnant or breastfeeding women.

For adults, it is recommended to take 1 dose in each nasal passage four to six times a day.

An antibiotic for a runny nose for children is prescribed 1 dose every eight hours.

Isofra - review - instructions for use, analogues, reviews

The cost of the means of production of the French pharmaceutical company Bouchard Laboratory is 330 rubles.

The product includes:

antibiotics polymyxin B (polymyxin class) and neomycin (aminoglycosides); anticongestant (decongestant) phenylephrine; hormone - dexamethasone.

Due to the combined composition, the drug has not only an antibacterial, but also a pronounced anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor and decongestant effect.

Polydexa can be used for acute and chronic rhinitis, rhinopharyngitis and sinusitis.

Contraindications to its use are:

angle-closure glaucoma; pregnancy and breastfeeding; children under 2.5 years of age albuminuria; individual intolerance to components; thyroid dysfunction.

Adults are recommended to use Polydex three to five times a day (1 spray). For children from 2.5 to fifteen years old, it is prescribed three times a day.

Read further: Polydexa - instructions for use, analogues, reviews

Augmentin

Augmentin for a runny nose is prescribed in the presence of bacterial complications (sinusitis, otitis media, tonsillitis, bronchitis, etc.).

The drug is produced by the British pharmaceutical company Glaxo Smith Klein. Cost 20 tab. 375 mg - 250 rubles; 14 tab. 652 mg – 330 rubles; 14 tab. 1 g - 320 rubles.

The main active ingredient of Augmentin is the semi-synthetic penicillin Amoxicillin, enhanced with the inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamases, clavulanic acid.

The product is active against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria, including strepto- and staphylococci (methicillin-sensitive), Haemophilus influenzae, enterococci, clostridia, Moraxella, Escherichia, Corynebacteria, etc.

Other drugs amoxicillin + clavulanic acid:

Arlet (produced by the Russian pharmaceutical company Synthesis AKOMP. Price 14 tablets of 625 mg - 330 rubles, 14 tablets of 1 g - 410 rubles); Panklav (a drug produced by the Serbian pharmaceutical company Hemofarm. Cost 20 tablets of 625 mg - 460 rubles, 14 tablets of 1 g - 380 rubles); Ecoclave (produced by the Russian company ABVA RUS. Cost 15 tablets of 375 mg - 200 rubles, 15 tablets of 625 - 300 rubles, 14 tablets of 1 g - 340 rubles).

The drug is produced by the Israeli pharmaceutical company Pliva Hrvatska. The cost of packaging is 3 tablets. 500 mg is 580 rubles.

The main active ingredient of Sumamed is azithromycin (a macrolide antibiotic).

The advantages of azithromycin over other antibiotics include its good tolerability, low incidence of undesirable effects, and the possibility of use in short courses due to its prolonged action.

The antibiotic has a wide spectrum of action, including streptococci and staphylococci, chlamydia, mycoplasma, gonococci, meningococci, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella, Listeria, Legionella, etc.

Other azithromycin preparations (3 tablets of 500 mg):

Ecomed of the Russian campaign ABVA RUS. Price - 200 rubles; Hemomycin from the Serbian company Hemofarm. Price - 340 rubles; Azithromycin from the Russian company Pharmstandard. Price 110 rub.

The drug cefixime (3rd generation cephalosporin) from the Indian campaign Astella. The cost of 6 capsules of 400 mg is 740 rubles.

Cefixime is resistant to bacterial beta-lactamases and has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action, including streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus, Escherichia, gonococci, Klebsiella, Moraxela, Serration, Shigella, Citrobacter, etc.

Other cefixime drugs:

Pantsef, Macedonian campaign Alkaloid. Cost of 6 tablets. 400 mg each - 570 rub.

Infectious disease doctor A.L. Chernenko

Read further: Unique data on effective antibiotics for sinusitis in adults

Rhinitis is a frequent companion to most respiratory diseases characterized by damage to the upper respiratory system. Impaired nasal breathing, increased secretion of mucus from the nose and lacrimation are side symptoms that most often occur with inflammation of the nasopharynx.

In what cases should antibiotics be used for a runny nose in adults?

Antimicrobial drugs should only be used if the inflammation was caused by pathogenic bacteria.

Most often, rhinitis is provoked by viruses, but with inadequate treatment of ENT diseases, they are accompanied by a bacterial infection.

It can be eliminated only through systemic and local antibiotics.

When to use an antibiotic for a runny nose in adults? As a rule, protracted and chronic rhinitis that lasts more than 7 days is treated with antimicrobial medications. If rhinorrhea plagues the patient for more than a week, most likely, bacterial flora has managed to join the viral infection. This is evidenced by a deterioration in health, severe inflammation of the nasal turbinates and purulent nasal discharge.

The most common respiratory diseases that are caused by bacteria and accompanied by rhinitis include:

sinusitis; chronic rhinitis; sphenoiditis; ethmoiditis; frontitis.

Important! Treatment with antibiotics is used exclusively on the recommendation of a doctor in case of ineffectiveness of traditional therapy for rhinitis.

Despite the fact that antimicrobial agents do kill pathogenic bacteria very quickly, they are recommended to be used only as a last resort. Systemic drugs that are absorbed into the systemic circulation negatively affect the intestinal microflora. Subsequently, this can cause dysbiosis and a decrease in local immunity. To prevent such consequences, it is recommended to take antibiotics along with probiotics, which stimulate the production of “good” bacteria in the intestines.

There are several main types of antimicrobial agents, which differ in their principle of action. Some of them fight exclusively against coccal bacteria, while others are capable of destroying almost any strain of pathogenic microorganisms. What are the best antibiotics to use for a runny nose?

Depending on the therapeutic properties, the following antimicrobial agents are used to treat rhinitis:

bactericidal - destroy the cellular structures of microbes, resulting in their death; bacteriostatic - inhibit the reproductive activity of bacteria, and therefore their number in the affected areas decreases.

If the proliferation of bacteria is not prevented in time, the inflammation will eventually involve the paranasal sinuses, throat and auditory tubes.

If inflammation in the respiratory system is severe, doctors advise using bactericidal medications. With their help, it is possible to disinfect the respiratory tract and normalize mucociliary clearance.

Inhalation solutions and nasal antibiotics for rhinitis are most often used due to the virtual absence of adverse reactions. The components of local drugs are almost not absorbed into the systemic circulation and act directly on the lesions. If you start therapy in time, you will be able to stop bacterial inflammation in the nose in just 4-5 days.

Active components of systemic drugs, i.e. tablets and injection solutions, can accumulate over time in the liver, spleen and other malignant tissues. An overdose of drugs is fraught with the development of the following adverse reactions:

dizziness; decreased appetite; headache; nausea and vomiting; dysbacteriosis; yellowing of tooth enamel.

To prevent side effects, antibiotics are used for no more than 7-10 days in a row. As a rule, therapy begins with taking drugs of the penicillin group. They very often cause allergic reactions, therefore, when undesirable effects occur, penicillins are replaced with macrolides or cephalosporins. The former are among the least toxic drugs and therefore are used even in pediatric practice, and the latter are the most effective antibiotics that are resistant to the action of microbes that produce beta-lactamase.

A local antibiotic for the common cold is used to relieve purulent inflammation in the nasal cavity. Nasal drops and sprays are quickly absorbed into the nasopharyngeal mucosa and destroy pathogenic microbes in it. As practice shows, local use of drugs prevents the occurrence of adverse reactions, therefore they are included first in the treatment of bacterial rhinitis.

The best antibacterial drops for intranasal administration include:

"Framycetin"; "New Man" "Neomycin."

The above remedies have proven themselves well in the treatment of sinusitis and persistent runny nose. However, the most effective are still considered to be sprays, the aerosol of which is absorbed into the tissue of the nasopharynx literally within a few minutes. In cases where a bacterial infection spreads rapidly, the following types of sprays are used to treat rhinitis:

"Bioparox"; "Isofra"; "Polydex".

It is undesirable to use antimicrobial sprays and drops together with other drugs for intranasal administration, as this may cause allergic reactions.

Source: http://lor-prostuda.ru/antibiotik-ot-nasmorka/