Antibiotic clarithromycin for children

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Klacid for children

Macrolides are considered one of the most effective and safe antibacterial drugs for children. They are often prescribed for damage to the respiratory tract by microorganisms and are in demand for otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis or bronchitis.

Table of contents:

One of the most popular drugs of this group can be called “Klacid”. Not everyone knows in what form it is prescribed to children, whether it is allowed for infants, how to calculate its dose and what analogues can be replaced if necessary.

Release form

"Klacid" is produced in three different versions:

  • Powder for suspension. It is placed in a 60 or 100 ml bottle with a line mark and is presented as almost white granules with a fruity smell. When mixed with water, it forms a white, opaque liquid that smells like fruit. This form is produced in two different dosages, allowing the medication to be used for children of different ages. The bottle comes with a plastic spoon or syringe with graduations to accurately measure the required amount of sweet medicine.
  • Pills. They have a yellow shell and an oval shape convex on both sides. Such tablets are also produced in two dosages and are packaged in blisters of 7, 10 or 14 pieces. One pack contains from 7 to 42 tablets.
  • Lyophilisate for injections. It is presented as a white powder with a slight specific odor. This product is placed in hermetically sealed glass bottles, which are sold in 1 piece or in a pack of 121 pieces.

The drug “Klacid SR” is produced separately, presented as coated tablets with prolonged action. They are characterized by their oval shape and yellow color. Such tablets are sold in packs of 5 to 56 pieces.

Compound

The active ingredient in each form of the drug is clarithromycin. Its dosage in 5 ml of suspension can be 125 mg or 250 mg. Tablets may contain 250 mg or 500 mg of this substance each. The bottle with lyophilisate contains 500 mg of the active ingredient. The dosage in Klacid SR is also 500 mg per tablet.

Additionally, the medicine includes:

  • Sucrose, fruit flavoring, xanthan gum, povidone K90, maltodextrin, potassium sorbate and other substances in the powder for suspension.
  • Talc, hypromellose, microcrystalline cellulose, vanillin, stearic acid, croscarmellose, sorbic acid and other compounds in the tablets.
  • Sodium hydroxide and lactobionic acid in injection form.
  • Magnesium stearate, anthria alginate, citric acid, macrogol and other components in the drug "Klacid SR".

Operating principle

"Klacid" affects the ribosomes of bacteria, as a result of which protein synthesis in microbial cells is suppressed. The following are usually sensitive to the drug:

  • Staphylococcus aureus;
  • pneumococci and some other streptococci;
  • listeria;
  • Haemophilus influenzae;
  • gonococci;
  • Moraxella catharalis;
  • legionella pneumophila;
  • mycoplasma pneumoniae;
  • chlamydia;
  • ureaplasma;
  • mycobacteria;
  • Helicobacter pylori.

Clostridia, peptococci, whooping cough bacilli, bacteroides, borrelia, campylobacter and some other microorganisms are destroyed by clarithromycin in laboratory tests. If they are the causative agents of the disease, then Klacid should be used after a sensitivity test to make sure that the medicine will work.

Indications

  • with bronchitis;
  • with pharyngitis;
  • with pneumonia;
  • for sinusitis and other sinusitis;
  • with otitis media;
  • with laryngitis;
  • with tracheitis;
  • for folliculitis, impetigo, erysipelas and other skin lesions;
  • with mycobacterial infection;
  • when infected with chlamydia;
  • to eliminate H. pylori and prevent relapses of peptic ulcer;
  • for pulpitis, periodontitis and other infections called odontogenic.

The medication is recommended to be used only when infected with microorganisms that are sensitive to clarithromycin. When prescribing medicine for sore throat, whooping cough, scarlet fever and other infectious diseases, it is first advisable to determine whether Klacid will work on their causative agent.

At what age is it allowed to take it?

The drug in the form of a suspension is not prescribed to newborns and infants under 6 months, since the safety of the drug for such young patients has not been established. For children over 6 months of age, the medicine should be prescribed by a doctor, who will evaluate the indications and calculate the required dosage by weight.

The tablet form is not used for children under 3 years of age, but even for children over three years of age, the medication is often prescribed in suspension, due to the simpler dosing of liquid medication. The drug "Klacid SR" is used in the treatment of children over 12 years of age if their weight is more than 40 kg.

Injections are not prescribed to children under 18 years of age. They are in demand only for very severe infections or in situations where it is impossible to take Klacid orally. Such injections are given exclusively intravenously by drip, mixing the lyophilisate with sterile water, and then with glucose or saline. As soon as the patient’s condition improves, they immediately switch to suspension or tablets.

Contraindications

The medication is not used if you are allergic to clarithromycin or another ingredient of the selected form, as well as if you are intolerant to any other antibiotic that is part of the macrolide group. In addition, "Klacid" is not prescribed or used under the supervision of a doctor:

  • for severe liver diseases;
  • with renal failure;
  • with hypokalemia;
  • with porphyria;
  • with heart failure;
  • with bradycardia or arrhythmia.

The suspension should not be given to patients with isomaltase or sucrase deficiency, as well as with glucose-galactose malabsorption or fructose intolerance. In addition, this form is not recommended for children with diabetes.

Side effects

Treatment with Klacid can cause:

  • allergic rash;
  • insomnia;
  • headaches;
  • heavy sweating;
  • diarrhea;
  • nausea;
  • abdominal pain;
  • vomiting;
  • taste disturbances;
  • changes in liver test parameters.

Sometimes the medicine causes fever, chills, fatigue, change in urine color, increased urea or creatinine levels, leukopenia, liver damage, arrhythmia, nosebleeds, constipation, muscle pain, decreased appetite, seizures and other symptoms. If they appear in a child, the issue of continuing treatment with Klacid should be discussed with the pediatrician.

With very long-term use, bacteria may become insensitive to the drug, which requires the prescription of a different antibiotic. Long-term use of Klacid can cause the activation of a fungal infection.

Instructions for use

Suspension

The drug is not available in ready-made form, so parents need to prepare it for administration themselves. The powder should be mixed with water immediately before use, since the finished medicine is stored for a certain time.

After opening the bottle, pour non-carbonated ordinary water inside to the mark, then close the medicine and shake. So, depending on the dosage, 60 ml of a homogeneous white suspension containing 125 mg of the active ingredient in 5 ml or 100 ml of a suspension containing 250 mg of the active ingredient in 5 ml are obtained.

Before each use of such a product, it must be shaken, and only then drawn up with a spoon or graduated syringe. The medication is given regardless of diet. If the child does not like the taste of the suspension, the medicine can be washed down with juice, water or some other drink. For infants, this “Klacid” can be mixed with milk, water or formula.

If an infection in a child is caused by any microorganism (other than mycobacteria), a single dose of the drug is calculated by weight, multiplying 7.5 mg by the body weight of the small patient in kilograms. The resulting amount of antibiotic is given twice a day, and the maximum dosage per day for children is 1 g (500 mg twice a day).

For example, a child’s body weight is 20 kg, which means that he needs 7.5 x 20 = 150 mg of clarithromycin (300 mg per day) per dose. If a suspension of 125 mg/5 ml is used, then 1 ml of such a product contains 25 mg of the active compound, which means that the baby should be given 6 ml of this “Klacida”. When using a 250 mg/5 ml suspension, the child will have to be given 3 ml of the medication, since 1 ml of the drug with this dosage contains 50 mg of clarithromycin. The annotation for the medicine also contains a table with an approximate single dose for different body weights.

The course of treatment usually lasts 5-10 days and is more accurately determined by the doctor, taking into account both the type of pathogen and the severity of the child’s condition. In some cases, a 5-day suspension is enough to fight the infection, and sometimes the pediatrician, after 10 days of use, continues therapy for up to 14 days (or even up to 21 days).

If a child becomes infected with mycobacteria, the doctor may increase the dosage to 15 mg per kilogram of the patient’s weight. The drug is taken until clinical symptoms are eliminated, often in combination with other antibiotics.

Pills

The medicine in solid form is taken at any time, regardless of meals. Since the tablets are coated and should not be cracked or chewed, this form is often not prescribed for children weighing up to 40 kg.

If the child weighs 40 kg or more, he is given tableted “Klacid” in the dosage prescribed for adult patients. The medicine is prescribed pomg (depending on the disease), twice a day. Due to its longer action, the drug "Klacid SR" is taken only once a day.

Overdose

A high dosage of Klacid disrupts the functioning of the digestive system, provokes headaches, confusion and requires an immediate response in the form of gastric lavage and the use of sorbents. If the child's condition worsens, you should call a doctor to prescribe symptomatic therapy.

Interaction with other drugs

"Klacid" is not recommended to be combined with many medications, including: aminoglycoside antibiotics, "Terfenadine", "Ergotamine", "Carbamazepine", "Triazolam", "Omeprazole", "Colchicine", indirect anticoagulants, "Methylprednisolone", "Rifampicin" , "Verapamil" and many other drugs. A complete list of them is noted in the annotation to the drug.

Terms of sale

Any of the forms of "Klacid" can be purchased only after presenting a prescription. The average price of a bottle of powder from which a suspension with an antibiotic concentration of 125 mg/5 ml is obtained is rubles. For a package of 10 tablets of 250 mg of clarithromycin you need to pay about 600 rubles. One bottle of injectable Klacid costs about the same.

Storage conditions and shelf life

It is recommended that the sealed powder for suspension be stored at room temperature out of sight of small children for the entire shelf life of 2 years. After mixing with water, the drug can be stored at temperatures from +15 to +30 degrees for no longer than 14 days. It is not recommended to keep the medication in the refrigerator, and if it is not used within two weeks, it should be thrown away.

Injection tablets and vials should be kept in a place protected from sunlight, where the temperature does not exceed 25 degrees Celsius. The shelf life of the tablet form is 5 years, the injection form is 4 years.

Reviews

Most reviews of Klacid treatment note the high effectiveness of this antibiotic. The advantages of the medicine for mothers include several forms of release, a wide range of antimicrobial effects, a fairly rapid manifestation of the therapeutic effect and relatively good tolerance by young patients.

For children, they usually choose a suspension and praise this medicine for its ease of use and sweet taste, which children often do not protest about. Parents say the main disadvantages of Klacid are its high cost and the presence of contraindications. They also often complain about the side effects of the medication on the digestive tract and nervous system of children.

Analogs

Other medications with the same active ingredient can replace Klacid - for example, Fromilid, Ecositrin, Clarithromycin, Klabaks, Clarithrosin, Klasine, Klarbakt and others. Most of them are available in tablets, but some are also available as a suspension, so there are usually no difficulties in replacing Klacida with a similar medicine.

In addition, the doctor can change Klacid to another antibiotic from the group of macrolides and azalides:

  • "Macropen". The action of this antibacterial agent is provided by midecamycin. The drug in granules is approved for children of any age. A banana-flavored syrup is prepared from it for a small patient. In addition, Macropen is available in tablets, which are prescribed to children weighing more than 30 kg.
  • "Azitrox". This medicine, containing azithromycin, is used in the form of a suspension for babies older than six months, and in capsules for children over 12 years of age.
  • "Sumamed." The basis of this medicine is also azithromycin. The drug in the form of a suspension is prescribed from the age of six months, and in the form of dispersible tablets - from 3 years.
  • "Vilprafen Solutab". These dissolvable tablets, whose active ingredient is josamycin, are prescribed to children weighing more than 10 kg.

In some cases, after determining the sensitivity of microorganisms, the pediatrician may recommend as a replacement an antibacterial agent from another group - for example, the cephalosporin antibiotic "Suprax" or amoxicillin preparations (Flemoxin Solutab, Augmentin, Panklav, Ospamox, Amoxiclav " and others). This is most often done when an allergy to Klacid or another macrolide is detected.

Dr. Komarovsky will tell you the rules of antibiotic treatment in the video below.

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Source: http://www.o-krohe.ru/antibiotiki/klacid/

How to take the antibiotic Clarithromycin for adults and children - composition, indications, side effects, analogues and price

Many people are wary of antibiotics because of their intense effects on the body: disruption of natural defense processes, side effects that they can cause. Clarithromycin tablets are a new and safe macrolide drug. It has a profound effect and a minimum of negative consequences. Clarithromycin - instructions for use of the drug, in what cases an antibiotic should be prescribed, doses for adult patients and children, what are the benefits of taking it, find out further.

What is Clarithromycin

The drug has an antibacterial effect against different types of microorganisms: anaerobic gram-negative and gram-positive, mycobacteria. Clarithromycin is the newest semi-synthetic antibiotic, an improved formula of erythromycin. It has high bioavailability, is stable under pH conditions, is quickly absorbed into the intestine when taken orally, and disrupts the protein synthesis of the pathogen at the extracellular and intracellular levels. Before use, be sure to read the instructions.

Indications for use of Clarithromycin

The spectrum of action of the drug is very wide: it is active against chelonae mycobacterium and other mycobacteria, most types of the microorganism streptococcus. Clarithromycin differs from other antibiotics in that it can destroy bacilli and viruses at a deeper level, in tissue cells. Indications for the use of Clarithromycin are the following diseases:

  • respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract (nasopharynx, paranasal sinuses);
  • lower respiratory tract infections: bronchitis, pneumonia, pneumonia;
  • infectious lesions of the skin and soft tissues (impetigo, furunculosis, erysipelas, wound infection);
  • mycobacterial infections, staphylococci, streptococci, chlamydia, legionella;
  • as an adjuvant for tuberculosis;
  • odontogenic infections (acute or chronic);
  • for HIV infection;
  • for stomach or intestinal ulcers to combat the bacterium Helicobacter pylori.

What group of antibiotics does Clarithromycin belong to?

This is one of the most effective types of antibacterial drugs with mild side effects and a small number of contraindications. Clarithromycin belongs to the group of macrolides - the safest and non-toxic antibiotics. Within this group, clarithromycin is included in the category of third-generation semisynthetic drugs - supplemented, corrected versions of the active substance erythromycin.

Composition of Clarithromycin

The main active ingredient is clarithromycin. The tablets may contain magnesium stearate, talc, aerosil, starch, dyes, povidone. The composition of Clarithromycin is the secret of its hypoallergenicity: cases of allergies to components are extremely rare; the antibiotic is also allowed for sensitive patients with penicillin intolerance, which has been proven by clinical and laboratory studies.

Release form

Clarithromycin is sold packaged in cardboard boxes, contour packs or plastic containers of 7, 10 or 14 pieces, available in two volumes: 250 or 500 mg. The release form of the drug is biconvex tablets or capsules, covered with a whitish film coating. There are also suspensions for oral administration and solutions for injections - this form of the drug is most often prescribed to young children. The dosage is indicated in the instructions for use.

Instructions for use of Clarithromycin

The dosage of the drug differs depending on the type of disease. Instructions for use of Clarithromycin describe doses and rules of use for various diseases. For upper respiratory tract infections, you need to take 1 tablet of 250 mg 2 times a day. For Helicobacter pylori infection, ulcers, intestinal and duodenal lesions, the drug is used as part of complex therapy, combined with medications such as Lansoprazole, Omeprazole, Amoxicillin.

The dosage for elderly people is the same as for adults, taken only orally, but it is important to consider other drugs that the patient is taking and their compatibility with clarithromycin. Storage rules: it must be kept in a dry place, protected from humidity and sunlight, at a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees, away from small children. The standard shelf life is 3 years. Find out more in the instructions for use.

Instructions for use of Clarithromycin for children

The antibiotic Clarithromycin has a good result in the treatment of pneumonia, sinusitis, pharyngitis, otitis, and inflammation of the respiratory tract in children of different ages. For adolescents, the dosage is the same as for adults: twice a day, but in severe cases the number of tablets per dose should not be increased. Instructions for use of Clarithromycin for children depend on the dosage form: injections and suspensions are prescribed by the attending physician, depending on the disease, symptoms and condition of the child. The permissible dose for children is 7.5-15 mg per 1 kg of weight per day, maximum 2 doses.

Overdose

Do not take more than 2 tablets of Clarithromycin at one time. One of the likely consequences of an antibiotic overdose is fever, abdominal or head pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In case of severe manifestations, it is necessary to call a doctor or an ambulance, medical procedures before an overdose: gastric lavage or treatment of other symptoms. For more details, read the instructions.

Side effects

This antibiotic is considered safe and non-toxic, but each organism is individual and has a number of characteristics, so side effects may occur and continue for some time after the end of use. Important factors are the presence of pathologies and diseases of internal organs that can provoke a reaction and sensitivity to the components of the drug. The following side effects of Clarithromycin are possible:

  • Digestive system: diarrhea, vomiting, dyspepsia; gastritis, esophagitis, increased amount of bilirubin in the blood, pancreatitis, changes in taste, color of the tongue, liver failure; very rarely - anorexia, loss of appetite.
  • Allergies: skin rash, urticaria, dermatitis; anaphylactic shock, bullous itching.
  • Nervous system: dizziness, confusion, insomnia, tinnitus; There may be a feeling of anxiety, disorientation.
  • Skin: hyperhidrosis, sweating, acne, hemorrhage.
  • Urinary system: change in urine color, nephritis, kidney problems.
  • Muscles and bones: muscle spasms, myalgia, myopathy.
  • Respiratory system: nosebleeds, asthma.
  • Repeated infections: candidiasis, cellulitis, gastroenteritis, vaginal infections.
  • Local reactions to injection: inflammation, pain at the injection site, phlebitis.
  • General reactions: fatigue, chills, malaise, asthenia, drowsiness, tremor.

Contraindications

In later stages of pregnancy, during lactation and breastfeeding, you should consult a doctor, but it is better to stop taking it, since safety for the development of the fetus and child has not been established. Contraindications for Clarithromycin are allergic reactions to the components of the drug: they need to be diagnosed in advance using special tests. Children under 12 years of age and pregnant women during the first trimester are prohibited from taking tablets.

It may be dangerous to take the drug if the patient has pathologies on the ECG, arrhythmia has occurred, there is liver disease and kidney dysfunction, porphyria. For some diseases, doses may be reduced or the time between doses may be increased. For young children (up to 6 months), the use of injections is not recommended, since their effect on an unformed body has not been studied.

Interaction with other drugs

Before you buy Clarithromycin, make sure you are not taking medications that are incompatible with it. The active substance of the antibiotic has a strong effect, so the simultaneous use of clarithromycin and certain medications is prohibited - this can cause unexpected, dangerous consequences for health. The attending physician should determine the correct quantities of drugs and doses. To get the maximum effect from medications, you need to limit their consumption. More information about interactions with other drugs:

  • Prohibited: combining Clarithromycin with Lovastatin, Simvastatin, Terfenadine, Cisapride, Astemizole.
  • When taking the following drugs, it is necessary to adjust the dose (basically, reduce it), since they suppress the action of each other: Rifabutin, Rifapentine, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Carbamazepine, Cisapride, Ritonavir, Zidovudine.
  • Drugs that increase the concentration of 14-hydroxyclarithromycin (metabolite) and reduce the effectiveness of clarithromycin: Efavirenz, Etravirine, Nevirapine, Pimozide, Rifampicin.

Analogs

Most antibiotics from its group are considered similar, with the same or similar active substance. Another category is drugs used in the same cases as Clarithromycin, for the treatment of various diseases and viruses (for what Clarithromycin is used, read the instructions). Since the cost of the drug is high, many people choose affordable analogues, which, according to reviews, almost always have the desired effect. Let's consider drugs that are considered analogues of Clarithomycin and cases of their prescription to a patient:

  1. Macrolides: Aziklar, Klerimed, Klabaks, Klarbakt, Klacid, Fromilid, Bayroklar, Arvitsin, Klerimed, Ecositrin.
  2. For diseases: Vilprafen, Azitrox, Azitral, Hemomycin, Zitrolide, Zanotsin, Rovamycin, Roxide, Azitro Sandoz.

Clarithromycin price

The drug is inexpensive: rubles, depending on the number of tablets. A course of therapy requires 2-3 packs of 7 or 10 capsules (see instructions). The price of Clarithromycin depends on the volume: 250 mg is cheaper than 500 and on the manufacturer: domestic companies are more profitable than European ones. The antibiotic is new, so price jumps may be extremely rare. The drug is widely available in pharmacies; it can be ordered and purchased in an online store with delivery to a point of sale or to your home. Let's look at how much Clarithromycin 500 mg costs in online pharmacy catalogs:

OBL drug, 500 mg, 14 pcs., website Pills

Drug OBL, 500 mg, 14 pcs., Pharmacy website

Teva drug, 500 mg, 10 pcs., pharmacy Help window

Tablets 500 mg, 7 pcs., website Pills

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Video

The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials in the article do not encourage self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and make recommendations for treatment based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

Source: http://sovets.net/13848-klaritromicin-instrukciya-po-primeneniyu.html

Detailed instructions for using clarithromycin + reviews from doctors

Clarithromycin is a semisynthetic fourteen-membered macrolide, which is a derivative of erythromycin and has a special lactone ring structure that allows the antibiotic to be stable in an acidic environment.

The resistance of clarithromycin to the action of gastric juice is one hundred times higher than that of erythromycin. The antimicrobial drug is used in the first line of Helicobacter pylori eradication.

Clarithromycin: instructions for use (250 mg and 500 mg tablets)

Clarithromycin Teva is a representative of the group of semisynthetic fourteen-membered macrolide antibiotics.

It inhibits protein biosynthesis in the cell through reversible binding to the 50-S ribosomal subunits. Good bioavailability and the ability to create high concentrations in various tissues and organs were made possible by changing the molecule of the drug substance.

Long T1/2 allows you to prescribe the drug twice a day. The maximum concentration of the drug achieved in plasma is observed after two to three hours. When taken orally, the drug is absorbed fairly quickly.

The broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity includes gram+ and gram- pathogens, as well as intracellular and extracellular pathogens. The macrolide antibiotic is active against aerobes and anaerobes. The following are sensitive to the drug:

  • Borrelia burgdorferi;
  • gonococcus;
  • Staphylococcus aureus;
  • Campylobacter jeuni;
  • whooping cough stick;
  • corynebacteria;
  • legionella pneumophila;
  • Listeria monocytogenes;
  • meningococcus;
  • mycobacterium kansasi;
  • mycoplasma pneumoniae;
  • Moraxella catharalis;
  • sticks: ducray, pfeiffer, hansen;
  • Pasteurella multicida;
  • propionibacterium acne;
  • staphylococci;
  • Streptococcus agalactia;
  • toxoplasma;
  • Ureaplasma urealiticum;
  • Helicobacter pylori;
  • chlamydia trachomatis;
  • Chlamydophila pneumoniae;
  • as well as some anaerobic cultures, which include eubacteria, peptococci, propionic acid bacteria, and clostridium perfringens.

Enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas and other gram pathogens that are unable to degrade lactose are resistant to the macrolide antibiotic. Beta-lactamases do not reduce the effectiveness of the drug.

Practitioners prefer clarithromycin over erythromycin, since the former is better absorbed from the digestive tract and is not subject to breakdown at low pH values. The latter property reduces the likelihood of adverse drug reactions from the gastrointestinal tract. Clarithromycin Teva has pronounced antimicrobial activity against intracellular microorganisms.

When taken orally, do not chew the tablets and take them with a small amount of liquid. Food products do not affect the bioavailability of the drug, so clarithromycin can be taken both before and after meals.

The recommended dosage for adults and children over twelve years of age is 250 mg every twelve hours. For severe infections, the dosage is doubled. The course of treatment depends on the severity of the infectious process and takes from six days to two weeks.

There is no need to adjust the dosage when treating elderly patients. The exception is cases of severe renal failure.

Injection administration is prescribed to adults in a daily dosage of 1 g, divided into two administrations. Intravenous drip administration continues for one hour. For mycobacterial infections, the dosage is doubled. For patients with impaired renal function, the dose of the antibiotic is reduced by fifty percent. Infusion of clarithromycin is not used.

Clarithromycin Teva is prescribed with caution against drugs that are metabolized in the liver. A slow-release antibiotic is not prescribed to patients with severe renal failure. In these patients, immediate-release clarithromycin is indicated.

It must be taken into account that there is a risk of developing cross-resistance with other macrolide antibiotics. Long-term antibiotic therapy can cause superinfection.

The official instructions state that clarithromycin should not be combined with the following medications:

  • Astemizolum, Terfenadinum and Pimozidum (simultaneous use contributes to prolongation of the QT interval and cardiac arrhythmia);
  • Dihydroergotaminum (possible development of ergotoxicity);
  • Lovastatinum and Simvastatinum (if taken simultaneously, the risk of rhabdomyolysis increases).

In case of overdose, gastrointestinal disorders occur, as well as headache and confusion. Gastric lavage helps eliminate symptoms. My wife is undergoing hemodialysis.

Prescription for clarithromycin in Latin

Rp.: Сlarithromycini 0.5

S. 1 tablet 2 times a day.

Clarithromycin: release form and analogues

Clarithromycin is marketed in the following dosage forms:

The antibiotic is also available in the form of two types of tablets: rapid release and prolonged action.

One plastic container contains ten film-coated clarithromycin tablets, each containing 250 mg or 500 mg of the active ingredient.

In pharmacies, the antibiotic is sold under the following trade names: Klacid SR (from 490 to 690 rubles), Klacid (from 370 to 520 rubles), Fromilid Uno (from 220 to 310 rubles), Fromilid (from 334 to 470 rubles) , Clarithrosin (from 140 to 190 rubles) and Ecositrin (from 340 to 480 rubles)

Klabaks OD (from 220 to 300 rub.)

Clarithromycin: indications for use and contraindications

The antibiotic is used in clinical practice to eradicate infections caused by strains sensitive to the action of clarithromycin.

The drug is indicated for the following diseases of bacterial etiology:

  • infectious processes localized in the respiratory tract (bronchitis, laryngitis, pneumonia, pharyngitis);
  • infectious lesions of the skin and subcutaneous fat (folliculitis, furunculosis, Baker's creeping erythema);
  • odontogenic inflammatory diseases;
  • in patients with human immunodeficiency virus - widespread lesions of the Mycobacterium avium complex;
  • mycobacterial infections caused by Mycobacterium avium, as well as localized infections caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum;
  • elimination of Helicobacter pylori in patients with duodenal ulcer with a decrease in the production of hydrochloric acid.

Clarithromycin Teva is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to macrolides, pathological changes in renal function, porphyria, as well as in patients with long QT syndrome and torsade de pointes.

Clarithromycin is not prescribed to pregnant (first trimester) and lactating women. Antibacterial therapy during pregnancy (2nd and 3rd trimesters) is permissible after a careful assessment of the benefit/risk ratio. Breastfeeding during antibiotic therapy is excluded.

The injection method of administering the drug is not suitable for persons under 18 years of age. The tablet form is not prescribed for children (under 12 years of age).

Clarithromycin: side effects

Allergies: skin rash, irritation, burning, tingling, anaphylactic reactions.

Invasions and infectious lesions: thrush in the mouth, various vaginal infections, catarrh of the stomach and intestines, erysipelas.

Disorders of the cardiovascular system: cessation of cardiac activity, increased ventricular contractions, long QT syndrome, vasodilation, hemorrhage.

From the immune system: hypersensitivity, pseudoallergic reactions and anaphylaxis.

From the blood and lymphatic system: decreased number of leukocytes, neutrophils, increased number of eosinophils, decreased level of leukocytes, decreased number of platelets.

From the side of metabolic processes and nutrition: loss of appetite, decreased concentration of glucose in the blood, anorexia.

From the nervous system: vertigo, anxiety, sleep disturbances, nightmares, disorientation, hallucinatory states, self-perception disorder, sensation of extraneous sounds in the ears without external auditory stimuli.

From the senses: impaired taste perception, deafness, which disappears after discontinuation of the antibiotic.

From the gastrointestinal tract: dyspepsia, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, glossitis, elevated liver transaminases, intrahepatic cholestasis.

From the central nervous system: distortion of taste, parorexia, general weakness of the body, convulsions, impaired olfactory function, paresthesia.

In patients with impaired immune function (for example, acquired immune deficiency syndrome), clarithromycin causes side effects that cannot always be distinguished from the symptoms of concomitant diseases.

Clarithromycin: suspension for children

The daily dosage is calculated based on the child’s body weight. The maximum daily dosage for non-mycobacterial infections in children is 500 milligrams twice a day. The duration of therapy (on average from five to ten days) depends on the severity of the infectious process and the strain of the pathogen.

Taking the suspension does not depend on food intake. Parents of small children should take into account that the granules taste bitter and the child should not chew them. Clarithromycin instructions contain information that the drug can be taken with milk. Clarithromycin suspension has a pleasant taste, as it contains banana and orange flavors.

For the treatment of mycobacterial infections (Mycobacterium), the recommended dosage is from 7.5 to 15 milligrams per kg of body weight twice a day, taking into account the individual clinical assessment of the patient's condition.

Antibiotic therapy continues until a visible therapeutic effect occurs.

The tables show antibiotic dosages depending on body weight:

Compatibility of Clarithromycin with alcohol

It is not recommended to combine antibiotics and alcoholic beverages. Alcohol intake reduces the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy, increases the load on the liver and increases the risk of developing cholestasis (stagnation of bile).

Use of clarithromycin drugs during pregnancy and lactation

Macrolide preparations have low toxicity and do not exhibit teratogenic effects. If necessary, clarithromycin can be used during pregnancy after consultation with a doctor. In the first trimester of pregnancy, an antibiotic can be used only for health reasons; if there is an alternative, it is recommended to replace it with another macrolide.

It is advisable to temporarily suspend breastfeeding during antibacterial therapy.

Analogs

Clarithramycin is sold in pharmacies under the trade names:

Clarithromycin: reviews from patients and doctors

Gastroenterologists use clarithromycin in traditional ten-day eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. Doctors in this specialization note that the antibiotic is quite effective. The cost of the medicine allows you to save on treatment. However, clarithromycin is poorly tolerated by the body: nausea and an unpleasant taste in the mouth appear. The antibiotic is often taken together with proton pump inhibitors

In otolaryngology, clarithromycin has proven itself well in the treatment of acute tonsillitis: normalization of body temperature and disappearance of symptoms is observed in the first days of use. In acute bronchitis, visible improvements occur already on the 3rd day. Patients claim that clarithromycin has virtually no effect on the obligate intestinal microflora.

Patients who have been diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori note that in order to achieve a quick therapeutic effect, it is necessary to strictly follow the doctor’s recommendations and adjust the diet. The antibiotic is excellent for exacerbations of gastritis, and proper nutrition helps avoid relapses.

However, many of those who were prescribed clarithromycin complain that after taking it, weakness, severe pain in the ears, allergic reactions, rapid heartbeat, tachycardia, surges in blood pressure, insomnia, bitterness in the mouth, and candidiasis appear.

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List of over-the-counter antibiotics + reasons for banning their free circulation

In the forties of the last century, humanity received powerful weapons against many deadly infections. Antibiotics were sold without prescriptions and allowed

Source:

Klacid

Description current as of 12/02/2014

  • Latin name: Klacid
  • ATX code: J01FA09
  • Active ingredient: Clarithromycin (Clarithromycin)
  • Manufacturer: Abbott SpA (Italy)

Compound

The antibiotic Klacid contains the active ingredient clarithromycin, as well as additional components: sodium calcium alginate, sodium alginate, lactose, anhydrous citric acid hydrogen phosphate, stearic acid, povidone KZO, magnesium stearate.

Release form

Klacid 500 mg and 250 mg are produced in the form of tablets, which are covered with a yellow film. The tablets are oval in shape; the cut reveals the presence of two layers: a yellow film and a whitish core. A blister made of foil can hold 7, 10 or 14 tablets; 1, 2 or 3 such blisters are packed in a cardboard box.

pharmachologic effect

The active substance clarithromycin belongs to the group of macrolides, semisynthetic antibiotics. It produces an antibacterial effect by suppressing bacterial protein synthesis. The consistency of the tablet is such that the active ingredient is released gradually as the drug passes through the gastrointestinal tract. Clarithromycin is active against isolated and standard bacterial cultures. A high effect is observed when using the drug for the treatment of Legionnaires' disease, pneumonia of mycoplasma etiology. Gram-negative bacteria are not sensitive to clarithromycin.

Those pathogens that do not demonstrate sensitivity to Oxacillin and Methicillin are also resistant to the effects of clarithromycin.

A positive effect of clarithromycin was also noted in relation to the following microorganisms (efficacy and safety were not confirmed in clinical trials): viridans streptococcus, peptococcus, group B, C, F, G streptococci; pathogens of avian pasteurellosis, whooping cough, human toxic infections, acne, borreliosis, syphilis, enterocolitis.

During the metabolism of clarithromycin in the body, active 14-hydroxyclarithromycin is released, which exhibits microbiological activity. Metabolism occurs in the human liver. If a person took the drug regularly, there was no increase in the activity of its influence.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

The substance clarithromycin binds well to blood proteins. The highest concentration of the drug is determined within 6 hours. The larger the dose of the drug taken by the patient, the longer the period of time it is eliminated from the body. The amount of metabolite (14-hydroxyclarithromycin) does not increase in parallel with increasing doses of clarithromycin. The larger the dose of Klacid taken, the less 14-hydroxyclarithromycin is formed in the body.

The medicine is excreted from the body through the kidneys and intestines (40% and 30% of the dose, respectively). After oral administration, clarithromycin and its metabolite are distributed throughout the tissues and fluids of the body; tissues typically contain twice as much of the drug compared to blood serum.

No dosage adjustment is required for liver diseases. In case of kidney disease, the period of elimination of clarithromycin from the body increases. Also, the elimination period of the drug increases in older people.

Indications for use

The use of the drug Klacid is indicated for the following diseases and conditions:

  • infectious diseases of the respiratory tract, lower sections (pneumonia, bronchitis, etc.);
  • infectious diseases of the respiratory tract, upper sections (for sore throat, sinusitis, pharyngitis, etc.);
  • infectious lesions of soft tissues, skin (folliculitis, birth, etc.);
  • mycobacterial infections caused by Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium avium;
  • infections caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium chelonae, Mycobacterium kansasii.

It is also practiced to take the drug to prevent infection caused by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). Prescribed to reduce the frequency of relapses of duodenal ulcers.

Contraindications

You should not take an antibiotic in the following cases:

The drug is prescribed with caution in cases of kidney and liver dysfunction.

Side effects

If Klacid is administered IV or taken orally, a number of side effects may occur. If such effects occur after intravenous administration or ingestion of tablets, you must inform your specialist. The following manifestations are possible:

In addition to these side effects, there are possible side effects that occur less frequently:

Instructions for use Klacida (Method and dosage)

Instructions for use of Klacid for children and adults include taking the drug orally, regardless of food intake.

Adult patients are advised to take 250 mg of clarithromycin twice a day. If severe diseases, mycobacterial infections are being treated, the dose can be increased to 500 mg twice a day. In most cases, treatment lasts from 5 to 14 days.

If Klacid suspension is prescribed for treatment, the instructions for use must be strictly followed. The suspension is prescribed for treatment for children; it can be taken regardless of food intake, and can be taken with milk. To prepare the suspension for use, you need to gradually add water to the bottle to the mark, then shake. 5 ml of 60 ml suspension contains 125 mg of clarithromycin; 5 ml of 100 ml suspension contains 250 mg of clarithromycin. The suspension can be stored for two weeks at room temperature.

Before giving the antibiotic Klacid to children, shake the suspension thoroughly. It is recommended to use a dose of 7.5 mg per 1 kg of body weight twice a day for children. The highest permissible dose is mg twice a day. Therapy can last from 5 to 10 days.

Overdose

When taking very large doses of this drug, patients may experience signs of digestive system dysfunction. It is important to remove the remaining drug from the gastrointestinal tract as quickly as possible, after which symptomatic treatment is carried out.

Interaction

The combined use of clarithromycin and the drugs Astemizole, Pimozide, Terfenadine, Cisapride is strictly prohibited, since in this case the development of serious side effects is likely. In particular, the manifestation of cardiac arrhythmias, including ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia, is possible.

With the simultaneous use of clarithromycin and Ergotamine or Dihydroergotamine, acute poisoning with drugs from the ergotamine group is possible. In particular, limb ischemia, vascular spasm, etc. may occur. The simultaneous use of clarithromycin and ergot alkaloids is not allowed.

CYP3A inducers induce the metabolism of clarithromycin. As a result, the concentration of clarithromycin and its effectiveness decrease. If clarithromycin and Rifabutin are used simultaneously, the plasma concentration of Rifabutin increases and the concentration of clarithromycin decreases.

The drugs Nevirapine, Efavirenz, Rifabutin, Rifapentine can accelerate the metabolism of clarithromycin, thereby reducing its concentration in plasma and increasing the concentration of its metabolite - 14-OH-clarithromycin. As a result, therapeutic effectiveness may decrease.

A decrease in the concentration of clarithromycin is observed when taken together with etravirine.

It is necessary to adjust drug doses when taking clarithromycin and ritonavir together.

With simultaneous treatment with Klacid and oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin, severe hypoglycemia may occur. Glucose levels should be constantly monitored.

When taking an antibiotic simultaneously with Quinidine, Disopyramide, ventricular tachycardia is possible.

Clarithromycin should be taken with caution in those receiving medications that are substrates of the CYP3A isoenzyme, as well as in combination with statins.

Concomitant treatment with clarithromycin and Simvastatin is contraindicated.

It is important to monitor the patient's condition during concomitant treatment with Warfarin and clarithromycin due to the likelihood of bleeding.

Concomitant treatment with antibiotics and theophylline or carbamazepine leads to increased concentrations of these drugs in the bloodstream.

When using clarithromycin and triazolam, an effect on the central nervous system is likely, resulting in drowsiness and confusion.

People who have impaired liver or kidney function should not take clarithromycin and colchicine at the same time.

With simultaneous treatment with clarithromycin and Digoxin, the effect of the latter is enhanced. Constant monitoring of the level of digoxin in the blood serum is necessary.

There is a bidirectional effect of drugs when taking clarithromycin and atazanavir simultaneously, as well as clarithromycin and itraconazole, clarithromycin and saquinavir.

Terms of sale

In pharmacies, antibiotics are sold by prescription.

Storage conditions

It is necessary to protect the antibiotic from access to children; it should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 30°C.

Best before date

The shelf life of the antibiotic is 3 years.

special instructions

People with liver disease may experience changes in serum enzyme levels, for which tablets should be prescribed with caution.

It is prescribed with caution to people who are simultaneously taking other medications that are metabolized by the liver.

With prolonged treatment with antibiotics, the formation of colonies with a large number of insensitive fungi and bacteria is possible.

In case of chronic liver diseases, serum enzymes should be regularly monitored.

Pseudomembranous colitis may occur during antibiotic treatment. It is also possible to change the normal intestinal microflora.

The medicine should be prescribed with caution to people with severe heart failure, bradycardia, and hypomagnesemia. It is necessary to constantly monitor the ECG, determining the increase in the QT interval.

Symptoms of myasthenia gravis may increase in people who take clarithromycin.

The powder for preparing the Klacid suspension contains sucrose, which should be taken into account by people suffering from diabetes.

When treating with clarithromycin, you need to carefully drive vehicles and perform activities that require high concentration.

Synonyms

Klacida's analogs

Analogues of Klacid are products that belong to the same group and have an active substance similar to Klacid. These medications are Klacid SR, Klabaks, Clarexid, Binoclair, Claricite, Claritrosin, Clarithromycin, Claromin, etc. You can replace the drug only with the approval of a doctor, since each of these drugs has certain features of use and side effects.

The price of analogues can be either higher or lower. The differences between Klacid and Klacid SR are that the latter drug is a long-acting drug, that is, the active substance is released more slowly.

With alcohol

As the instructions indicate, Klacid and alcohol are incompatible. If a patient drinks alcohol while being treated with this antibiotic, the risk of side effects increases sharply, as the toxicity of the drug greatly increases.

Klacid for children

Klacid for children can be used from the age of three. In most cases, children are prescribed Klacid suspension. Reviews for children indicate that this drug is quite effective. At the same time, the price of the suspension is quite high. The dosage for children is as follows: 7.5 mg per 1 kg of child’s weight twice a day. Highest daily dose mg.

Children over 12 years of age are prescribed 250 mg (tablets) twice a day. There is evidence that children tolerate Klacid more easily than other antibiotics. Therefore, the drug is often prescribed for sore throat, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc. However, we should not forget that side effects still occur.

During pregnancy and lactation

There is no precise information about the safety of using Klacid to treat pregnant and nursing mothers. Therefore, use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not practiced.

Reviews about Klacida

Reviews about Klacida are both positive and not too enthusiastic. Many patients note that the antibiotic is effective and significantly speeds up the healing process. But there are also stories that the drug provoked side effects, and as a result the doctor was forced to select a different antibiotic for treatment.

Parents who gave the drug to their children also leave different reviews of Klacid. No less important are the reviews of doctors, which indicate that experts consider this antibiotic to be effective and is often prescribed to both adults and children.

Klacida price, where to buy

You can buy this antibiotic at any pharmacy; its cost depends on the form and dosage. The average price of Klacid 250 mg tablets is rubles per package of 10 tablets. The price of Klacid 500 mg is from 800 rubles per pack of 14 pcs. The price of the Klacid suspension is on average 380 rubles per 125 ml bottle. The price of Klacid in Ukraine is from 290 UAH per pack of 10 tablets of 250 mg.

  • Online pharmacies in Russia Russia
  • Online pharmacies in Ukraine Ukraine
  • Online pharmacies in Kazakhstan Kazakhstan

WER.RU

ZdravZone

Pharmacy IFC

Pharmacy24

PaniPharmacy

BIOSPHERE

Education: Graduated from Rivne State Basic Medical College with a degree in Pharmacy. Graduated from Vinnitsa State Medical University named after. M.I. Pirogov and internship at his base.

Work experience: From 2003 to 2013 – worked as a pharmacist and manager of a pharmacy kiosk. She was awarded diplomas and decorations for many years of conscientious work. Articles on medical topics were published in local publications (newspapers) and on various Internet portals.

Hello. I’m in the hospital with pneumonia, things are getting better, the IVs were stopped and Klacid was prescribed. The consumption is not controlled, so I flush it down the toilet. I don’t think it’s necessary to pollute the body with antibiotics.

After this drug, allergies began. Itching.

Klacid helped us, but our teeth turned black and caries appeared, everywhere. Before that my teeth were good. The price for flu treatment is too high.

The child's teeth turned black from this clacid. Knowing about the health problems - congenital hypothyroidism, prescribe this poison to a GIRL! FREAKS!

Thank you very much for the detailed description of the drug!

Inna: Usually, insomnia occurs for me due to some kind of experience and when you lie down, it’s not.

Olesya: I tried glycine forte, which is more expensive in the price category, but the dosage is the same.

Andrey: Not a word is said about choosing the size of stockings according to a person’s parameters: height, leg size, etc.

Olga: For coxarthrosis of the 2nd degree, I have been injecting for 4 years at the rate (after 6 months), there is no improvement.

All materials presented on the site are for reference and informational purposes only and cannot be considered a treatment method prescribed by a doctor or sufficient advice.

The site administration and the authors of the articles are not responsible for any losses and consequences that may arise when using the site materials.

Source: http://medside.ru/klatsid