Zinnat for sore throat in adults

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Zinnat - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and release forms (tablets 125 mg and 250 mg, granules for preparing an antibiotic suspension) medications for the treatment of sore throat, pyelonephritis, bronchitis in adults, children and pregnancy

In this article you can read the instructions for use of the drug Zinnat.

Table of contents:

Reviews of site visitors - consumers of this medicine, as well as the opinions of specialist doctors on the use of the antibiotic Zinnat in their practice are presented. We kindly ask you to actively add your reviews about the drug: whether the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, what complications and side effects were observed, perhaps not stated by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Zinnat in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for the treatment of sore throat, pyelonephritis, bronchitis and other infections in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

Zinnat is a 2nd generation cephalosporin antibiotic for parenteral use. It has a bactericidal effect and disrupts the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. Has a wide spectrum of action.

Resistant to most beta-lactamases.

Cefuroxime (the active substance of the antibiotic Zinnat) is highly active against aerobic gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis (including strains resistant to penicillins and with the exception of rare methicillin-resistant strains), Streptococcus pyogenes (and other beta-hemolytic streptococci), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus group B (Streptococcus agalactiae), Streptococcus mitis (viridans group), Bordetella pertusis; aerobic gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Providencia spp., Proteus rettgeri, Haemophilus influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant strains), Haemophilus parainfluenzae (including ampicillin-resistant strains), Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae ( including strains producing and not producing penicillinase), Neisseria meningitidis, Salmonella spp.; anaerobic gram-positive bacteria: Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Clostridium spp., Propionibacterium spp.; anaerobic gram-negative bacteria: Bacteroides spp, Fusobacterium spp.; also active against Borrelia burgdorferi.

Clostridium difficile, Pseudomonas spp., Campylobacter spp., Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Listeria monocytogenes, methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Legionella spp. are resistant to cefuroxime.

Studies have shown that when cefuroxime is combined with aminoglycoside antibiotics, an additive effect is observed, and in some cases, synergism.

Cefuroxime (in the form of cefuroxime axetil) + excipients.

After oral administration, Zinnat is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is rapidly hydrolyzed in the intestinal mucosa and blood, releasing cefuroxime into the systemic circulation. Food accelerates the absorption of cefuroxime axetil suspension. When taking a suspension, the rate of absorption of cefuroxime axetil is lower than when taking tablets. Cefuroxime is not biotransformed in the body and is excreted unchanged by the kidneys through glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.

Treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug:

  • respiratory tract infections (including acute and chronic bronchitis, infected bronchiectasis, bacterial pneumonia, lung abscess, postoperative chest infections);
  • infections of the ear, throat, nose (including sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, acute otitis media);
  • infections of the genitourinary system (including acute and chronic pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, asymptomatic bacteriuria);
  • infections of the skin and soft tissues (including furunculosis, pyoderma, impetigo);
  • gonorrhea (including acute uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis);
  • treatment of Lyme disease at an early stage and subsequent prevention of late manifestations in adults and children over 12 years of age.

Film-coated tablets 125 mg and 250 mg.

Granules for the preparation of a suspension for oral administration (sometimes mistakenly called syrup).

Instructions for use and dosage

For adults, the average single dose is 250 mg, the frequency of administration is 2 times a day.

For severe infections of the lower respiratory tract, 500 mg is prescribed 2 times a day; for mild to moderate infections - 250 mg 2 times a day.

For urinary tract infections, 125 mg is prescribed 2 times a day, for pyelonephritis - 250 mg 2 times a day.

For the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea, 1 g is prescribed once.

For Lyme disease, adults and children over 12 years of age - 500 mg 2 times a day for 20 days.

Children under 12 years of age can be prescribed the drug in the form of a suspension. The average dose for children for most infections is 1 tablet (125 mg) 2 times a day. For severe infections or otitis media in children aged 2 years and older, the average dose is 1 tablet (250 mg) or 2 tablets (125 mg) 2 times a day.

For infectious diseases of mild to moderate severity, a single dose is set at the rate of 10 mg/kg body weight.

For otitis media and severe infections, a single dose is set at 15 mg/kg. The frequency of administration is 2 times a day.

The maximum daily dose is 500 mg.

The average duration of use of the drug is 7 days (5-10 days).

It is recommended to take the drug after meals.

  • nausea, vomiting;
  • diarrhea;
  • jaundice;
  • cases of pseudomembranous colitis have been described;
  • hemolytic anemia, eosinophilia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia;
  • skin rash;
  • itching;
  • hives;
  • fever;
  • erythema multiforme;
  • Stevens-Johnson syndrome;
  • toxic epidermal necrolysis;
  • serum sickness;
  • anaphylaxis;
  • headache;
  • positive Coombs reaction.
  • hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Zinnat is used with caution in the 1st trimester of pregnancy and during lactation.

Experimental studies have not established the embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of Zinnat.

Can be used in children from 3 months of age.

Zinnat is prescribed with extreme caution to patients with hypersensitivity to penicillin antibiotics, because There are reports of cases of cross-allergic reactions.

With long-term use of Zinnat, increased growth of resistant microorganisms (Candida, Enterococci, Clostridium difficile) is possible, which may require discontinuation of treatment.

When diarrhea occurs due to the use of antibiotics, incl. Zinnat, one should keep in mind the possibility of developing pseudomembranous colitis.

When treating Lyme disease with Zinnat, a Jarisch-Gersheimer reaction is sometimes observed. This reaction is a direct consequence of the bactericidal effect of Zinnat on the causative agent of the disease - the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Patients should be advised that this is a common and normal consequence of antibiotic treatment for Lyme disease.

When prescribing Zinnat to patients with diabetes mellitus, the presence of sucrose in the suspension should be taken into account.

Since the potassium iron sulfide test may give a false-negative result in patients receiving cefuroxime axetil, the use of glucose oxidase or hexokinase methods is recommended to determine blood glucose levels. Cefuroxime does not affect the results of determining creatinine levels using alkali and picric acid.

Granules or prepared suspension must not be mixed with hot liquids.

Co-administration of cefuroxime and probenecid results in an increase in the AUC of cefuroxime by 50%.

When used simultaneously, antacids may reduce the bioavailability of Zinnat in suspension form.

Analogues of the drug Zinnat

Structural analogues of the active substance:

Source: http://instrukciya-otzyvy.ru/517-zinnat-po-primeneniyu-analogi-tabletki-granuly-suspenziya-antibiotik-angina.html

Instructions for use of Zinnat in suspension, tablets for children and adults + reviews

The drug Zinnat is widely used for the treatment of purulent infections in various fields of medicine, including pediatrics. It is characterized by high efficiency and low toxicity, which allows it to be prescribed to children from the age of three months.

It belongs to the class of cephalosporin antibiotics that are resistant to beta-lactamases, therefore it is active against most common strains of pathogenic microorganisms.

Instructions for use Zinnat for children in suspension

The information below is for informational purposes only and, accordingly, cannot be used as a guide for self-medication. The medicine should be prescribed by a pediatrician in accordance with the nature of the disease. The required dosage is also calculated by a specialist in accordance with the age and body weight of the small patient.

The duration of antibiotic therapy depends on the severity of the infection and averages a week. It is unacceptable to “prescribe” antibiotics to your child on your own, as this can lead to negative consequences for the body.

Composition of the drug

The main active ingredient of Zinnat is the second generation cephalosporin Cefuroxime. Compared to its predecessors, it is resistant to the destructive effects of beta-lactamases produced by bacteria. Among the microorganisms sensitive to it are:

  • Gram-positive aerobic forms of staphylococci, including penicillinase-producing strains (golden and S. Epidermidis), some beta-hemolytic streptococci (S. Pyogenes), pneumococci.
  • Gram-negative anaerobic strains of Haemophilus influenzae and parainfluenzae, gonococci, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, Moraxella.
  • Anaerobic clostridia, peptococci and peptostreptococci, fusobacteria, spirochetes.

Resistance to cefuroxime axetil is demonstrated by staphylococci, pseudomonas, Clostridium difficile, listeria and some other types of pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to the antibiotic methicillin.

Release form

The British drug produced by GlaxoSmithKline, intended for antibiotic therapy of children from 3 months to 12 years, is granules packaged in 50 ml bottles with a special protective cap. After diluting Zinnat 125 mg according to the instructions for use for children, a thick white suspension is obtained. For convenient use, the manufacturer included a measuring cup and spoon in the kit.

Photo of Zinnat in powder for preparing a suspension

In addition to the main active ingredient cefuroxime axetil (0.15 g per 5 ml of the finished drug, which is equivalent to 0.125 grams of cefuroxime), the medicine contains flavoring and other additional ingredients. The shelf life of a closed bottle is 3 years from the date of manufacture, and an opened bottle should be kept in the refrigerator between doses.

Zinnat suspension for children - indications for use and contraindications

This medicine is prescribed to children from 3 months. And can be used for up to 12 years (later - tablet form) in case of the following pathologies:

  • Infections of the ENT organs caused by antibiotic-sensitive bacteria - otitis media, sinusitis, Zinnat is also used for sore throat.
  • Bacterial lesions of various parts of the respiratory tract - bronchitis, bronchiectasis, pneumonia, lung abscess and complications in the postoperative period.
  • Inflammation of the genitourinary organs caused by bacteria - cystitis, inflammation of the urethra, pyelonephritis.
  • Inflammatory processes on the skin and soft tissues (impetigo, furunculosis, pyoderma), as well as tick-borne borelliosis.

Contraindications to Zinnat in this form of release include hypersensitivity to aspartame, cephalosporin antibiotics and other beta-lactams (carbapenems and penicillins), phenylketonuria and the first 3 months of a child’s life. Diagnosed kidney dysfunction and diseases of the digestive system require careful use.

Antibiotic Zinnat for children - dosage and regimen of use

There are no verified clinical data on the results of treatment of children under three months of age, therefore the drug is prescribed only from 3 months of age. For children under two years of age, Zinnat is prescribed 10 mg per kg of body weight twice a day. The average dose for the vast majority of bacterial infections according to the instructions for use of Zinnat for children over 2 years old is 125 mg of the active substance (that is, 5 ml of the prepared suspension) twice a day. Severe forms of the disease may require doubling the single dose for children over two years of age - up to 250 mg, with the maximum daily amount of Zinnatmg.

Before first use, the bottle is opened and its contents are diluted with 20 ml of boiled water using the included measuring cup. Then the closed bottle is shaken vigorously until a homogeneous substance is obtained. You can give children zinnat 125 suspension either in its pure form or by diluting it with a small amount of juice or milk. This is done only for a single dose, and not in a bottle, and the medicine should be taken directly with food for better absorption.

Sometimes the required amount of medicine is calculated according to the child’s age and body weight. For uncomplicated infections, 10 mg is prescribed per kilogram of weight in one dose, which is approximately 2.5 ml (half a measuring spoon) twice a day for a child 3-6 months old, 2.5-5 ml for a child under 2 years old and 5 milliliters at 12-hour intervals from 2 to 12 years.

In case of severe infection, from two years of age, 15 mg per kg can be prescribed twice a day. Otitis media and severe forms of the inflammatory process of any localization require an increase in the single dose by one and a half times (up to 15 mg per kg of body weight). In this case, it will be half a measuring spoon for an infant from 3 to 6 months, one to one and a half for a child aged six months to two years, and one and a half to two for children from 2 to 12. The daily dosage should not exceed 500 mg for the Zinnat suspension .

Side effects

Any negative effects of taking this drug are reversible and completely disappear after completing the course of antibiotic therapy. The antibiotic is generally well tolerated and reactions to it are rare. The following side effects are possible:

  • Dyspeptic disorders of the digestive system - nausea, diarrhea, pain in the epigastric region, pseudomembranous colitis.
  • Allergic reactions to the liquid antibiotic Zinnat for children can manifest as itching, urticaria, and extremely rarely, anaphylaxis.
  • The liver and hematopoietic system sometimes react to the drug with an increase in enzyme activity, jaundice, eosinophilia, a false-positive Coombs test, and hemolytic anemia.
  • Headache or dizziness may occur.

The most common side effect (in more than one case out of a hundred) is candidiasis. Therefore, during antibiotic therapy with cephalosporins, it is advisable to additionally take fungistatic drugs.

Zinnat for adults in tablets: brief instructions for use

The tablet form of the medicine can be taken by children over 12 and adults. Available in 2 dosage options - 125 or 250 mg, 5 or 10 tablets in each cardboard pack.

Photo Zinnat 250 mg

In addition to cefuroxime, the ingredient composition of Zinnat tablets includes formative compounds and film shell components.

Indications and contraindications

The list of diseases for which tablet antibiotics are prescribed is almost the same as for children. It includes chronic and aggravated ENT infections (Zinnat is especially effective for sinusitis and other sinusitis), inflammation of the respiratory and urinary organs, and skin. In addition, a medication is indicated for the treatment of gonorrhea in adults (gonococcal cervicitis and urethritis). It is one of the drugs of choice and allows you to cure this STD in just one dose.

Contraindications to the use of axetil cefuroxime in tablet form are children under 3 years of age, individual hypersensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems (that is, beta-lactam antibiotics). Prescribed with caution to pregnant and lactating women, persons with dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys.

Zinnat during pregnancy

There is no reliable data on the harmful effects of the drug on the developing fetus, so it can be used to treat infections in pregnant women starting in the second trimester. However, even in this case, it can be prescribed only if the benefit for the woman prevails over the possible harm to the child. Since the drug Zinnat passes into breast milk, it is advisable to stop breastfeeding during treatment with it, while maintaining lactation by regularly expressing milk.

Dosage for tablet form

Zinnat tablets 250 and 125 mg instructions for use for children over 12 years of age and adult patients recommends taking them immediately after meals so that the active substance is absorbed as completely as possible (bioavailability increases to 40-50%). The treatment period is usually 5-10 days, and the dosage regimen and dosage are as follows:

  • For inflammation of the urinary tract, you need to take 1 tablet of 125 mg every 12 hours.
  • Zinnat for sore throat, sinusitis, bronchitis and pyelonephritis is prescribed 250 milligrams twice a day.
  • Infections of the lower sections (lungs and bronchi) of the respiratory tract in severe form require an increase in the single dose to 500 mg (that is, 1 gram per day).
  • Uncomplicated gonorrhea is treated with a single dose of 1 g of medication.
  • For borelliosis, a 20-day course of antibiotic therapy is prescribed, 500 mg twice a day.

The antibiotic zinnat in tablets is also used for step-by-step therapy of complicated pneumonia and other severe infections, when parenteral antibiotics (for example, Zinacef for injection) are replaced by oral ones. The dosage and duration of the course are determined by the doctor individually.

Analogues of Zinnat

This drug has many structural analogues from different manufacturers (including Russian ones). The active ingredient of each of them is the cephalosporin Cefuroxime:

  • Aksetin is a powder produced by the Cypriot pharmaceutical company Medochemie Ltd for the preparation of an injection solution containing 750 or 1500 mg of antibiotic. The average cost in pharmacy chains is 150 rubles.
  • Zinacef is an Italian drug for parenteral (injection) administration containing the active substance in the form of sodium salt (bottles of 0.25, 0.75 and 1.5 grams). Sold at a price of 130 rubles per bottle.
  • Cefurus is a Russian analogue from the Sintez company at a price of 102 rubles. per bottle with a dose of 1.5 g of antibiotic. It is a powder from which a solution is made for intramuscular or intravenous injections.
  • Cefuroxime Kabi from a German manufacturer at a price of about 1000 rubles for 10 bottles. It is used parenterally (powder for the preparation of injection solution, 0.75 g).

There are no current analogues of Zinnat for children in the form of a suspension based on cefuroxime in Russian pharmacies. A substitute is prescribed by a pediatrician according to indications (parenteral dosage forms can be used) from other groups of antibiotics. Antibacterial agents such as Kazakh Megasef tablets, Palestinian Zinef or Polish Supero are currently not represented on the Russian pharmaceutical market. Under the trade name Ceftin, an analogue of Zinnat from the same manufacturer is distributed exclusively in the USA.

Reviews of the antibiotic Zinnat for children

This drug is well known to parents, as it is often prescribed by pediatricians for inflammation of the respiratory tract and ENT organs. This popularity of the drug is explained by its high effectiveness (symptom relief occurs very quickly) and the almost complete absence of side effects. Despite the possible negative reactions described in the instructions, reviews from parents are mostly positive and do not contain information about “side effects”.

Another undoubted advantage is the release form of this drug. Zinnat syrup (or rather, suspension) is very convenient to prepare and take. The substance has a pleasant taste and smell, it can be further diluted with milk or juice before use, and the kit includes a plastic measuring spoon for dosing the medicine. It is also easy to dilute and calculate the required amount of antibiotic - the annotation provides the most complete information.

Among the shortcomings, all buyers unanimously mention the high cost. Today, a bottle of granules for preparing medicine costs about 300 rubles in pharmacies. A full course of antibiotic therapy may require more than one package if the disease is severe. However, one should not question the doctor’s prescription: the antibiotic is truly effective and safe, and saving on children’s health is unacceptable.

If the funds absolutely do not allow you to purchase Zinnat, you need to consult a pediatrician about suitable analogues.

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Zinnat for sore throat in adults

Antibiotic for the treatment of sore throat Zinnat

Zinnat is a second generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It has a wide range of action on many microorganisms due to disruption of synthesis in their cell wall. The main substance, Cefuroxime, copes quite easily with both gram-positive and negative pathogens:

  1. staphylococci (even penicillin-resistant),
  2. streptococci;
  3. coli;
  4. salmonella;
  5. gonococci;
  6. proteas, etc.

The fact that Zinnat belongs to the second generation of cephalosporins does not mean that it is worse than drugs that are one step higher. But the third generation has been confirmed to be more effective in treating diseases caused by gram-negative bacteria.

The antibiotic Zinnat is available in two forms:

  1. tablets (with a capacity of Cefuroxime 125 and 250 mg);
  2. granules for making a suspension at home (with a Cefuroxime concentration of 125 mg).

Indications for use

According to the bacteria described above, Zinnat is used to treat diseases that were provoked by them, and these are:

  • infections in the ear, nose and throat: otitis media, tonsillitis and acute tonsillitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis;
  • damage by infectious pathogens of the respiratory tract: bronchitis and exacerbation of its chronic form; pneumonia;
  • diseases of the urinary system: cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis;
  • skin lesions: boils, pyoderma;
  • Lyme disease;
  • diseases caused by gonococci.

Contraindications

You should not take Zinnat if you have known allergies to Penicillins and Cephalosporins. The following will also serve as a prohibiting signal:

  1. bleeding ulcers of the stomach and duodenum;
  2. disturbances in intestinal functionality;
  3. nonspecific ulcerative colitis;
  4. pregnancy period;
  5. lactation.

Also, the antibiotic Zinnat, according to the instructions, is not approved for use in the treatment of children under 3 months of age.

Side effects

As, unfortunately, often happens, when taking such useful antibiotics one cannot do without side effects of the drugs on the body. As a rule, they appear in the form of:

  1. nausea and vomiting;
  2. diarrhea and intestinal dysbiosis;
  3. candidiasis;
  4. in women - vaginosis;
  5. headache;
  6. drowsiness and disturbances in auditory activity;
  7. leukopenia;
  8. cholestatic jaundice, as well as hepatitis;
  9. increased liver fermentation;
  10. seizures;
  11. jades;
  12. allergic reaction (skin rash, fever, urticaria);
  13. anaphylaxis.

Application

The instructions say that it is better to take the antibiotic after meals or during meals, because this improves its absorption.

The dosage is selected by the doctor after weighing certain disease factors. Following the instructions, on average, to defeat tonsillitis and bacterial pharyngitis, an adult will need 250 mg twice a day. For purulent sore throat and otitis, the dosage is increased to 500 mg, recommended to be divided into 2 doses per day.

The course of treatment for sore throat and infectious diseases of the throat is prescribed by the doctor individually, taking into account many personal factors, but, as a rule, a complete cure requires at least a week.

This antibiotic is allowed for children from 3 months of age. From the minimum permitted age and up to six months, the instructions say to take Zinnat pomg 2 times a day. From six months to the 2nd birthday - mg, also twice a day, and from the age of two up to 12 years for angina, 125 mg is prescribed 2 times a day.

Amount of drug per dose

How to prepare the suspension correctly?

For children, there is a convenient form of release in the form of granules, from which a medicinal suspension can be prepared. In addition, the granules can be placed in a sachet or bottle. To make the suspension as correctly as possible, you should perform the following manipulations:

with sachet for 1 dose

  1. Shake the bag so that the granules can move freely.
  2. Fill half a 200 ml glass with warm (never hot, the drug loses its properties in it) water, or you can also use milk.
  3. Pour in the granules and mix them thoroughly in the liquid until dissolved.
  4. Do not store, drink immediately after preparation.

with 100 ml bottle

  1. Thoroughly shake the bottle with granules so that they become crumbly and subsequently dissolve better without sticking to the walls of the bottle.
  2. Make sure there is a membrane under the cap. If there is no such thing, perhaps the drug does not meet the quality, in other words, it is a fake. It is strictly forbidden to take it; it is better to take such a purchase back to the pharmacy where the purchase was made.
  3. Using the measure that comes with the drug, pour 37 ml of clean boiled or distilled water. The water temperature should be strictly no higher than 20-30ºС.
  4. Combine water and granules, close the lid and, turning the bottle over, shake it thoroughly. Shaking should take at least 15 seconds.
  5. Having achieved suspension of the granules, you can wait 5 minutes and start taking.
  6. An already diluted suspension, to improve taste, can subsequently be diluted with milk or fruit juice before administration.
  7. Before each use, the suspension must be shaken thoroughly.

How to replace Zinnat?

If it is not possible to take Zinnat for any reason, it can be replaced with other Cefuroxime-containing pharmaceutical forms. Suitable for this:

For tonsillitis, adults are prescribed 750 mg/day intramuscularly or intravenously. For purulent tonsillitis and its severe course, it is possible to increase the dose to 1.5 g/3 r per day intravenously.

The drug is approved for children from birth. From 2 years old, to overcome a sore throat, 60 mg per kg of child’s weight per day, divided into 3-4 injections, is enough.

For angina, adults require 750 mg, administered three times a day intramuscularly or intravenously. The interval between injections is 6 hours.

For children, injections of the drug are allowed from birth; from 2 years of age, the doctor can prescribe from 30 to 100 mg per kg of body weight, divided into 3-4 injections.

Taken by adults in the amount of 250 mg twice a day, preferably after meals. The course of treatment is a week.

Adults will need 750 mg three times a day intramuscularly or intravenously. For children with sore throat, if necessary, 2-3 injections per day are given, from 30 to 100 mg for each kg of weight of the sick child.

Adults who are sick with tonsillitis, as in the case of other analogues, need 750 mg of the drug, which will be administered in 3 injections per day. You cannot administer more than a daily dose of Zinacef intramuscularly into the same place.

For children with sore throat, 60 mg per kg of weight will often have a positive effect.

Injections for adults are given intravenously and intramuscularly three times a day, in a volume of 750 mg. When treating angina, children are prescribed 60 mg per kg of body weight administered 3-4 times a day.

The tablets are taken after meals for a week. Adults with bacterial throat infections take 250 mg 2 times a day; if treatment of purulent sore throat is required, the doctor can increase the dosage to 500 mg in two doses.

Antibiotic Zinnat: description of the drug, release form and indications

The antibiotic Zinnat is part of the largest group of antibacterial agents - cephalosporins.

They have gained popularity due to their combination of broad spectrum activity and relatively low toxicity. In addition, today medications of this group are available for both oral and injection administration to patients of any age.

The main component of the antibiotic Zinnat is cefuroxime, an antibacterial agent of the second generation cephalosporin group.

Its pharmacological effect is due to the suppression of the synthesis of protein components of the cell membrane of pathogenic microorganisms.

Antibiotic Zinnat exhibits bacteriostatic (stops development) and bactericidal (destroys flora) effectiveness when affecting:

  • Gram-positive cocci and rods. These are penicillin-resistant various types of streptococcus, staphylococcus, clostridia, which cause infections of the ENT organs, bronchi, lungs and digestive tract.
  • Gram-negative cocci and rods. gonococcus, meningococcus (often sown in the mucus of the nasal cavity during sinusitis), salmonella, klebsiella, hemophilus influenzae, shigella.

In its pure form, cefuroxime is destroyed by the intestinal environment. However, in Zinnat this antibiotic component is contained in the form of the compound axetil, which makes it resistant to acidic pH when taken orally. Under the influence of enzymes of the digestive system, cefuroxime is released and absorbed through the intestinal walls (this process occurs more effectively immediately after eating). The medicine is carried throughout the body through the bloodstream, reaching maximum concentration after approximately three hours.

The effect of cefuroxime appears much faster when administered by injection. But the antibiotic Zinnat is not available in powder form for parenteral solution. For intravenous drips or intramuscular injections, doctors select one of its analogues.

The manufacturer of the drug is the English pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline. On the domestic market, the antibiotic Zinnat is available in the form of tablets of 125 mg and 250 mg and a bottle with granules for preparing a suspension (125 mg of cefuroxime in 5 ml of the resulting syrup after dilution).

According to the instructions for use, the antibiotic Zinnat is prescribed for the treatment of diseases caused by bacteria sensitive to cefuroxime:

  • inflammatory processes of the throat, ears and nose (otitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis);
  • infectious lesions of the lower respiratory tract (bronchitis, pneumonia);
  • bacterial pathologies of the genitourinary system (pyelonephritis, urethritis, cystitis, gonorrhea, cervicitis, prostatitis);
  • skin infections (furunculosis, pyoderma);
  • initial stage of tick-borne borreliosis;
  • for meningitis, it is the drug of choice, as it penetrates the blood-brain barrier worse than third and fourth generation cephalosporins.

Side effects from taking the antibiotic Zinnat (subject to the doctor's recommendations regarding dosage and duration of therapy) occur quite rarely.

In some cases, patients complain of:

  • candidiasis or thrush (excessive proliferation of fungi of the genus Candida);
  • allergic reactions in the form of skin rashes, itching, peeling;
  • headache, dizziness;
  • nausea, vomiting, indigestion, abdominal pain.

In clinical blood tests, with long-term use of the drug, a decrease in the number of leukocytes, eosinophils, and platelets is noted. Sometimes hemolytic anemia occurs, which requires immediate discontinuation of the medication. In biochemical tests, an increase in the concentration of liver enzymes is observed.

The listed side effects are temporary and disappear after stopping taking the antibiotic Zinnat.

Contraindications to the use of this drug are:

  • hypersensitivity to cephalosporin drugs, penicillins;
  • severe forms of renal and liver failure;
  • inflammation of the digestive tract, accompanied by bleeding;
  • children up to 3 months old.

It should be noted that the antibiotic Zinnat does not have a pronounced teratogenic effect on the fetus. However, it should be used to treat pregnant women only when absolutely necessary. There is no data on the passage of drug components into breast milk, however, during the course of treatment, doctors recommend stopping feeding the child.

Zinnat for sinusitis and other infections: mechanism of action and proper use

The therapeutic effect of this antibacterial drug is based on its effect on the synthesis of a specific biopolymer of peptidoglycan. It is the main component of the bacterial cell membrane, but is not present in the structure of human tissue elements.

Zinnat is more effective than penicillin antibiotics for sinusitis and other diseases, as it is resistant to the influence of most β-lactamases - enzymes produced by bacteria.

These compounds destroy the structure of the antibiotic molecule, making it inactive.

However, cefuroxime does not have the desired effect on resistant strains of staphylococcus, enterococcus, listeria, serration, proteus and some other bacteria. Therefore, it is not advisable to prescribe cefuroxime for the treatment of infections caused by these representatives of pathogenic microflora.

For acute sinusitis, antibacterial therapy usually begins on the 3rd-4th day of illness. The fact is that if its cause is a viral infection, then during this time it may well go away on its own without drug therapy. If symptoms of sinus inflammation continue to bother the patient, antibiotics are needed.

Zinnat for sinusitis is a “second-line” drug. It is prescribed either based on the results of bacterial culture with determination of the sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms to the effects of antibiotics or when drugs from the penicillin group (Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav, etc.) are ineffective.

In severe cases of the disease, accompanied by high fever, headache and severe weakness, parenteral administration of the drug is necessary. Zinnat is not used for sinusitis and other infections for this purpose. For injection, its analogues containing cefuroxime in the form of sodium salt are prescribed (for example, Zinacef).

Usually, the first 2-3 days, injection administration of the drug is indicated. After the patient’s condition has eased, the drug can be used in tablet form. Antibiotic injections are recommended to be given in a hospital setting to prevent the development of an allergic reaction. This is especially true when treating sinusitis and other infections of the ENT organs in early childhood with Zinnat and its analogues.

In most cases, the dosage of the drug is calculated according to the instructions, but there are certain exceptions. Thus, for infections of the urinary system, Zinnat is prescribed in the amount of 125 mg twice a day (g for a child under 2 years old); for severe bacterial pathologies, the daily amount of the drug can be increased to 1 g (domg for children, depending on age). To treat gonorrhea, a single dose of 4 tablets of 250 mg is sufficient.

Zinnat for sore throat in children and adults, features of the drug during pregnancy

Zinnat is usually prescribed for angina in children and older patients in the form of tablets or suspensions.

In severe inflammation, a rapid bactericidal effect is necessary, for which cefuroxime is prescribed in the form of injections (the drug Zinacef).

To prepare the injection solution, the contents of the bottle with powder must be diluted in sterile water for injection.

Its volume ranges from 1 to 15 ml and depends on the initial amount of the drug and the method of administration (intramuscular or intravenous).

For adults, the dosage is 750 mg - 1.5 g every 8 hours, for children - from 30 to 100 mg/kg per day. This amount must be divided into 3-4 injections. After a few days, Zinnat is prescribed for sore throat and other infections in children and adults. Its dosage depends on the age and condition of the patient. The average duration of therapy is 7-10 days.

For patients under 12 years of age, pediatricians recommend taking Zinnat in the form of a suspension for sore throat and other infections of the ENT organs and lower respiratory tract. The drug is better absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract when taken with food.

Numerous clinical studies show that Zinnat does not have a teratogenic (detrimental to the fetus) effect, therefore during pregnancy it is prescribed in the usual dosage after bacterial culture.

The drug must be used under the strict supervision of a physician. In addition to Zinnat, its analogues are also prescribed for sore throat in children and adults. These are drugs such as Axetin, Axef, Auroxetil, Cetyl, Cefuroxime Sandoz. However, today they are not available on the domestic pharmaceutical market.

The cost of antibiotics Zinnat and Zinacef is shown in the table.

Currently, doctors have accumulated extensive practice in using the drug in both children and adults. It is prescribed for the treatment of sore throats, pneumonia and other infections of the respiratory tract and urinary system. Doctors note its low toxicity and low risk of side effects.

According to patient reviews, improvement occurs on days 2-3 of taking the drug. Complications during therapy with Zinnat for angina in children and adults occur extremely rarely. Sometimes parents notice the appearance of a rash, which quickly disappears after stopping the medication.

Review: Antibiotic Zinnatangina in the summer? how to treat

Attention! Before using medications, consult a specialist!

work effectively, without consequences

Sore throat in summer is a fairly common occurrence. So I had a chance to find out how to treat a sore throat at this time of year. In fact, I didn’t expect to get sick when the temperature outside was around 30 degrees Celsius. But that's what happened. And the first thing I wanted to tell my readers: do not drink cold water even in the heat, do not jump from a warm room to a cold one, and generally give up air conditioning.

From the very beginning, I was treated with traditional methods, some pills, but when I had a fever for two nights in a row and my throat began to hurt more and more, I had to see a doctor. I was prescribed Novirin tablets and other medications for treatment. But after a few days there was no effect. And only then the doctor prescribed antibiotics to Zinnat.

I was prescribed a dose of 500 mg twice a day. My boyfriend is on 250 mg twice a day. I have chronic tonsillitis, that is, my tonsils have been enlarged all my life, so the problem was more serious.

After five days of taking antibiotics, the symptoms went away. The pain in my throat stopped bothering me, but my body still felt weak. I had a strange feeling in my throat, as if there was something there.

In combination with antibiotics, we were prescribed absorbable tablets and rinses. We managed to overcome the disease, but still some of its echoes remained.

My advice to you: do not pull the cat by the tail, but go straight to the doctor. It’s better to take Zinnat antibiotics and forget about the problem. By the way, these pills did not cause me any unpleasant consequences in the form of thrush. The doctor turned out to be right - they are safe in this regard.

General impression. sore throat in summer? how to treat

Source: http://lechenie-anginy.ru/zinnat-pri-angine-u-vzroslyh.html

Zinnat: instructions for use for children and adults

Zinnat is a 2nd generation broad-spectrum antibiotic that belongs to the group of cephalosporins.

The medication is used to treat bacterial infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to the active substance of the drug.

On this page you will find all the information about Zinnat: complete instructions for use for this drug, average prices in pharmacies, complete and incomplete analogues of the drug, as well as reviews of people who have already used Zinnat. Would you like to leave your opinion? Please write in the comments.

Clinical and pharmacological group

II generation cephalosporin.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

Dispensed with a doctor's prescription.

How much is Zinnat worth? The average price in pharmacies is 240 rubles.

Release form and composition

The drug is available in tablets and granules. Film-coated tablets can contain from 125 to 500 mg of the active ingredient - cefuroxime axetil. The drug is supplied in 5 or 10 pcs. in blisters, in a package of 1 or 2 blisters. Zinnat is sold in granules for the preparation of an oral suspension in a 100 ml bottle.

  1. Active ingredient: Each tablet contains cefuroxime as the active ingredient in the form of cefuroxime axetil at a dose of 125 mg or 250 mg.
  2. Other ingredients: microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, sodium lauryl sulfate, hydrogenated vegetable oil, colloidal silicon dioxide, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, propylene glycol, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, propyl parahydroxybenzoate, opaspray white.

The granules appear to be irregularly shaped in the form of grains, no larger than 3 mm in size. When diluted, a suspension with a fruity odor is obtained.

Pharmacological effect

The bacteriostatic (suppresses the proliferation of bacteria) and bactericidal (causes the death of bacteria) properties of Zinnat are due to its ability to disrupt the synthesis of the cell wall of a microorganism.

The active substance of Zinnat is cefuroxime, which is active against most gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic bacteria. The absorption process from the gastrointestinal tract is significantly accelerated if the antibiotic Zinnat is taken simultaneously with food.

The maximum concentration of the drug in the blood can be observed 2-3 hours after administration of the drug. Zinnat is excreted unchanged by the kidneys.

Indications for use

What does it help with? Treatment with Zinnat is effective for infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug:

  • urinary tract infections (pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis);
  • infections of the skin and soft tissues (furunculosis, pyoderma, impetigo);
  • gonorrhea, acute uncomplicated gonorrheal urethritis and cervicitis;
  • infections of the upper respiratory tract, ENT organs (sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, otitis media);
  • lower respiratory tract infections (acute bacterial bronchitis and exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia);
  • treatment of Lyme disease at an early stage and prevention of late stages of this disease in adults and children over 12 years of age.

Cefuroxime is also available as a sodium salt (Zinacef) for parenteral administration. As part of stepwise therapy, it is recommended to switch from the parenteral form to the oral form of cefuroxime.

Contraindications

According to the instructions, Zinnat is contraindicated in patients if they have an allergic reaction to penicillin drugs, hypersensitivity to cephalosporin, bleeding and gastrointestinal diseases, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

The drug is also not prescribed to children under three months of age.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

There is no data on ongoing studies of the effect of the antibiotic on the fetus. Therefore, it is not advisable to use it during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. In some cases, Zinnat can be prescribed to pregnant women, but only if the benefit to the mother's health is greater than the possible risk to the child.

Breastfeeding should be interrupted during Zinnat therapy, since cefuroxime is excreted in breast milk.

Instructions for use

The instructions for use indicate that Zinnat is recommended to be taken during or immediately after meals. The course of treatment and dose is selected by the attending physician individually in each case.

When treating severe lower respiratory tract infections or otitis media:

  • Adults: 500 mg 2 times a day;
  • children 3-6 months mg 2 times a day;
  • children 6 months - 2 years - 2 times a day;
  • children 2-12 years old mg 2 times a day.

When treating mild to moderate lower respiratory tract infections:

  • Adults 250 mg 2 times a day;
  • children 3-6 months mg 2 times a day;
  • children 6 months - 2 years - 2 times a day;
  • children 2-12 years old 125 mg 2 times a day.

When treating uncomplicated gonorrhea:

When treating genitourinary tract infections:

The average course of treatment with the drug is 5-7 days.

Side effects

The instructions for Zinnat indicate that the drug may cause side effects from certain body systems, namely:

  1. Eosinophilia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and leukopenia (hematopoietic system).
  2. Headache (central nervous system).
  3. Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, jaundice, temporary increase in liver enzymes and pseudomembranous colitis (digestive system).

Zinnat can also cause allergic reactions - serum sickness, skin rash, fever, urticaria, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, anaphylaxis, erythema multiforme and toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Overdose

An overdose of cephalosporins can cause increased excitability of the brain with the development of seizures. Cefuroxime serum levels can be reduced by hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

special instructions

  1. During treatment, it is recommended to periodically monitor kidney function.
  2. 5 ml of suspension contains 0.5 XE, which should be taken into account when prescribing the drug for diabetes mellitus.
  3. The tablets are not prescribed to patients who have difficulty swallowing as they cannot be broken or chewed.
  4. The drug is prescribed with extreme caution if there is a history of an allergic reaction to beta-lactam antibiotics.

Zinnat can cause dizziness and headaches, so you should be careful when operating vehicles or other machinery, or even avoid work that requires increased concentration and attention.

Drug interactions

  1. Taking Zinnat does not affect the quantitative determination of creatinine by the alkaline picrate method.
  2. Since a false negative result is possible due to the ferrocyanide test, it is advisable to use hexokinase or glucose oxidase methods to determine the level of glucose in the blood and plasma.
  3. Zinnat can affect the state of the intestinal microflora, and this leads to a decrease in estrogen reabsorption. As a result, the effect of hormonal oral combined contraceptives is reduced.
  4. When used simultaneously with loop diuretics, tubular secretion and renal clearance decrease, the concentration of cefuroxime in plasma increases, as well as its half-life.
  5. When taken simultaneously with diuretics and aminoglycosides, the likelihood of developing nephrotoxic effects increases.

The bioavailability of cefuroxime may be reduced when taking medications that reduce gastric acidity. Such drugs neutralize the effect of increasing the absorption of the drug when taken after meals.

Reviews

We have selected some people's reviews about the drug Zinnat:

  1. Nastya . Zinnat is an excellent antibiotic of the new generation. The child is 3.5 years old, the temperature rose to 39.3 every 6 hours, there is no cough or snot, the pediatrician prescribed it, the child’s face improved immediately the next day. I advise that there is nothing to be afraid of.
  2. Victoria . The son was seriously ill. It started with an acute respiratory infection and ended with bronchitis with a very high, prolonged fever. Zinnat was prescribed in the form of syrup from granules. Vomited terribly. We switched to zinnat tablets and took the course normally, and I recovered very quickly.
  3. Oksana. The doctor prescribed the drug Zinnat for my children for ARVI. I read the reviews and bought the granules for 400 rubles. Since this is an antibiotic, I bought Norbokakt to normalize the intestinal microflora. The instructions indicate a course of treatment of 5 days, as the doctor prescribed for us. In case of illness, the antibiotic helped - the illness went away, but you should not get carried away with a strong remedy.

Analogs

If necessary, Zinnat can be replaced with another antibiotic with a similar composition:

In some cases, it is necessary to replace the antibiotic with another that has a similar effect, but contains a different active substance. Suprax can be used to treat similar diseases. However, there are other medicines:

  1. Klacid is a macrolide antibiotic. The active ingredient is clarithromycin. According to testimony, he intersects with Zinnat. Children under 12 years of age are prescribed the drug at the rate of 7.5 mg per kilogram of body weight per day. In severe cases, the dose is doubled. Reception is carried out 2 times a day.
  2. Sumamed is an antibiotic whose active ingredient is Azithromycin. Its indications for use are the same as those of Zinnat, but it can also be used to treat peptic ulcers. The drug is prescribed to children over 3 years of age for a single daily dose of 10 mg per kilogram of body weight.
  3. Augmentin - contains 2 active substances: amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Prescribed to babies from 4 months of age. It is not resistant to beta-lactamases, therefore it is used to combat microorganisms that do not produce these enzymes.

Before using analogues, consult your doctor.

Storage conditions and shelf life

Zinnat will be usable for 2 years if stored at room temperature.

The prepared Zinnat suspension should be stored in the refrigerator and used within 10 days.

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One comment

A good antibiotic for treating serious illnesses. My 5 year old son got sick. The pediatrician missed pneumonia, and in the end she was taken to the hospital, where she was first injected with some ceph intramuscularly, and then treated with Zinnat. In the end, they helped save our son, for which we thank all the doctors, except our pediatrician, who was driving him away from medicine with a broom.

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