Antiviral for children from 1

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Antiviral drugs for children over 3 years old - tablets, suppositories, syrups, suspensions

Finding inexpensive antiviral drugs for children today is quite difficult: drugs in this group are in constant demand and are sold without a prescription, which allows manufacturers to inflate the price.

Table of contents:

The article lists the most affordable medications that are positively assessed by patients (they do not have proven effectiveness).

Inexpensive but effective antiviral drugs for children aged 3 years and younger

Antiviral drugs are divided into systemic and those intended for local use. Depending on the nature of the disease, the doctor prescribes the most suitable dosage form. As a rule, rectal suppositories, oral syrups and suspensions are used to treat small children. Older adults can be given tablets and capsules.

Antiviral tablets for children

The tablet dosage form, like capsules, is the least convenient for treating children. A child aged 1-2 years is not able to swallow a tablet whole, so such drugs are usually prescribed to those who are older. In addition, not all of them can be taken by children: due to potential toxicity, there are age restrictions for some drugs. Therefore, a viral infection should be treated exclusively in accordance with the pediatrician’s prescriptions.

Acyclovir

This drug and its numerous structural analogues are intended for the treatment of infections caused by herpes viruses (including cytomegalovirus and chickenpox). The cost of a package of 20 tablets can vary widely, depending on the manufacturer. Domestic options are the most budget-friendly - from 30 rubles.

PS Acyclovir tablets 200 mg 20 pcs.

Indications are herpes, herpes zoster, infectious mononucleosis, chickenpox in children over 2 years of age and adults, but it can also be used at an earlier age, reducing the standard dosage by half. The drug, in addition to the standard contraindication - hypersensitivity - should not be used by nursing women.

Anaferon Children's

The average cost of 20 tablets is just over 200 rubles; this option is intended for children and adolescents. Immunomodulator based on affinity purified antibodies to interferon gamma. The manufacturer (Russian company Materia Medica) assures that the drug is active against most known viruses, so the list of indications is quite extensive:

  • ARVI and influenza, treatment and prevention;
  • various inflammations of herpetic origin;
  • infectious and inflammatory processes in the intestines (Anaferon is one of the most frequently prescribed antiviral drugs for rotavirus infection).

Photo of packaging of Anaferon lozenges for children 20 pcs.

The drug is recommended to be used as one of the means of complex therapy. It should not be given to children in the first month of life. Other contraindications are lactase deficiency, individual intolerance. The most likely side effect is an allergy.

Arbidol

Tablets from the domestic pharmaceutical enterprise Pharmstandard-Tomsk cost about 160 rubles. for 10 pieces and each contain 50 mg of the active ingredient umifenovir. The drug is an interferon inducer, helps to activate the immune system and reduce the symptoms of intoxication. Prescribed as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent for influenza, ARVI. As part of a complex treatment, they can be used for rotavirus and herpetic infections. Antiviral therapy with Arbidol is contraindicated in children under 2 years of age, as well as in persons with hypersensitivity.

Tsitovir-3

Combined encapsulated antiviral agent: bendazole + thymogen + ascorbic acid. It is an interferon inducer, prescribed in this dosage form from the age of 6 years for ARVI, infection with influenza A and B viruses. 12 capsules (full course) cost about 120 rubles. The list of contraindications, in addition to hypersensitivity, includes diabetes mellitus, muscle hypertonicity, thrombophlebitis, and arterial hypertension.

Photo of packaging Cytovir 3

in capsules for the prevention and treatment of ARVI

Cycloferon

Enteric tablets for children over 4 years of age (manufacturer: Polisan, Russian Federation), the active ingredient of which is the immunostimulant, interferon inducer meglumine acridone acetate. A package of 10 pieces, which is enough for a therapeutic or preventive course, costs 185 rubles. They are used as monotherapy for the prevention of influenza and ARVI; for the treatment of these diseases (as well as herpetic infections) they are prescribed as part of a complex of drugs. Contraindicated for allergies, intolerance, liver cirrhosis.

Remantadine

Produced by domestic and foreign pharmaceutical companies, the minimum cost of 20 tablets is about 70 rubles. It is used at the first signs of influenza, since the active substance inhibits the reproduction of viruses, as well as for the prevention of encephalitis after a tick bite. It is prescribed for children from the age of seven; it is contraindicated for thyrotoxicosis, liver and kidney pathologies.

Remantadine 10 capsules 100 mg

Amiksin for children

Tilorone-based tablets are intended for children over 7 years of age, with the maximum allowable dosage of the drug being 60 mg. The active substance has a wide spectrum of antiviral activity, therefore it is prescribed for acute respiratory viral infections, influenza, enteroviral infections, non-gonococcal urethritis, chickenpox, and herpes. Contraindication is individual intolerance.

Photo of packaging Amiksin IC for children 6 tablets, 0.06 g each

Antiviral suppositories for children

Due to its ease of use, this dosage form (in the absence of age restrictions) can be prescribed from birth. The active ingredients are absorbed into the blood without irritating the digestive tract and without being destroyed in the acidic gastric environment.

Viferon

The most well-known and popular drug in the form of rectal suppositories, prescribed from the first days of life, including for the treatment of premature babies. Domestic drugs produced by FERON LLC are used in children under 7 years of age in the form of ME suppositories. Higher dosages (300, 500 thousand, 1 and 3 million IU) are intended for adolescents and adults. The cost of a package of 10 pieces is about 270 rubles.

The list of indications includes:

The list of indications for Viferon suppositories based on interferon alfa-2b includes:

  • influenza, ARVI, pneumonia;
  • infections of newborns - intrauterine, sepsis, meningitis, entero- and cytomegalovirus;
  • viral hepatitis in chronic form;
  • herpetic infections of mucous membranes and skin.

It is considered one of the most effective antiviral drugs for enterovirus infection. The only contraindication is individual intolerance; allergic reactions rarely develop as a side effect.

Genferon Light

Suppositories made in Russia (pharmaceutical enterprise "Biocad"), the active components of which are interferon alpha-2b in a dosage of 125 or 250 thousand IU and taurine. Children under seven years old are shown the first version of candles, which cost about 300 rubles. Indications for use: ARVI, influenza, urogenital infections. Dosage regimen and duration of treatment: every 12 hours, 1 suppository rectally for 5 days for acute inflammatory processes, or 10 days for chronic ones. Genferon antiviral suppositories are contraindicated for children only if they are intolerant to its components.

Genferon Light suppositories in a package of 10 suppositories

Suspensions and syrups

The most convenient dosage forms for treating children, which do not cause difficulty in swallowing and, as a rule, have a pleasant taste. Can be sold in finished form or as powders for dilution.

Anaferon

An analogue of the tablets described above in the form of drops for oral use. In this dosage form it can be used from the second month of life. The average cost per package is from 280 rubles.

Anaferon drops for oral administration

Orvirem

Antiviral syrup for children over one year old, the active ingredient of which is remantadine. The auxiliary ingredient sodium alginate provides gradual release and prolonged action of the active substance. The drug is prescribed as a treatment for influenza and acute respiratory viral infections or as a prophylaxis for these infections. A 100 ml bottle with 0.2% syrup produced by Olifen Corporation (RF) costs about 300 rubles.

Antiviral drug Orvirem 100 ml

Tsitovir-3

In addition to tablets, this combined product is available in the form of ready-made syrup and powders with different flavors, from which a solution is made. The use of children's antiviral drugs in such dosage forms is usually permitted from the age of one year. It is prescribed for the same indications as the tablets; the contraindications and side effects are also similar. The average cost in pharmacies is from 300 rubles.

Cytovir-3 in the form of syrup

Remedies for runny nose

This symptom of respiratory infections is treated with both vasoconstrictors and special topical antiviral drugs. There are both ready-made dosage forms (drops and sprays) and those requiring preparation.

Interferon

Leukocyte human interferon alpha is produced by domestic pharmaceutical companies in the form of a lyophilisate from which a solution is prepared, or a ready-made drug. It can be used from birth (inhalations are also indicated for three years), the only contraindication is individual intolerance. Ampoules with lyophilisate cost about 100 rubles per package, which makes Interferon one of the most inexpensive but effective children's antiviral drugs.

Interferon in the form of drops

Grippferon

A popular remedy from the pharmaceutical company ZAO FIRN M in the form of drops costs 270 rubles. Can be used in the first year of a child’s life; there is also a spray for older children. The active ingredient of the drug is recombinant interferon, which stimulates the immune system. Contraindication is intolerance to the components.

Grippferon nasal drops and spray

Ingaron

Another drug is in the form of a lyophilisate, which must be diluted before use. However, its active ingredient is interferon gamma, which has direct antiviral activity. A bottle of the product costs 170 rubles; it can only be prescribed from the age of seven.

Ingaron nasal spray

Eye drops

Viral infections affect not only the respiratory tract and intestines. Very often, conjunctivitis and keratitis are the result of infection with adeno- or herpesviruses. In these cases, local antiviral therapy in combination with systemic therapy is indicated.

Oftalmoferon

Combined eye drops that can be prescribed to children of any age for infections of herpes, adenovirus and enterovirus origin. The active components of the drug are diphenhydramine and recombinant alpha-interferon. The drug has no side effects and costs about 320 rubles in pharmacies.

Aktipol

These drops based on para-aminobenzoic acid have, in addition to antiviral, also a regenerating effect. The minimum cost of a bottle from a domestic manufacturer is 300 rubles. Actipol can be used to treat children without age restrictions, but only according to strict indications, since its effect has not yet been sufficiently studied.

Aktipol antiviral eye drops

Ointments, gels, creams

These dosage forms are used both for the treatment and prevention of viral diseases during periods of epidemic outbreaks.

Viferon

One of the best children's antiviral drugs is also available in the dosage form of ointment (40 thousand IU per gram) and gel (IU). The ointment is prescribed for ARVI and influenza, as well as herpetic lesions of the mucous membrane and skin. In the first case, it is used to lubricate the nasal passages, in the second, it is applied to the rash in a thin layer.

The gel is indicated for the treatment and prevention of laryngotracheitis, acute respiratory infections, and influenza. The drug is used to lubricate the palatine tonsils or nasal mucosa several times a day, depending on the indications. A contraindication for both dosage forms is intolerance to the components.

Oxolinic ointment

Over decades of use, this drug has proven itself to be an effective and cheap antiviral remedy for colds. The ointment is especially widely used for the prevention of influenza, since it has a pronounced virucidal effect against the causative agents of this disease. In addition to rhinitis, indications for prescribing oxolinic ointment include lichen, molluscum contagiosum, and ophthalmic infections. The cost of 1 tube of the drug is about 30 rubles.

Acyclovir

Ointment 5% is an external remedy for the treatment of herpetic lesions of the skin and mucous membranes. A drug containing 3% active substance is used in ophthalmology, indications for use in this case are keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis. The average cost is rubles.

Acyclovir 5% ointment for external use

Medicines for children under one year of age

The difficulty of treatment lies in the fact that not all dosage forms can be given to infants (for example, tablets). The best options are rectal children's antiviral suppositories, drops or syrups for oral administration, as well as ointments for topical use:

  • candles Viferon, Genferon Light;
  • Interferon;
  • Anaferon for children in drops or tablets, pre-dissolved in water (from one month of age);
  • Grippferon, Oftalmoferon.

You can also use Viferon gel or oxolinic ointment for prevention.

Antiviral from 1 year to 3 years

As the child grows, the list of approved medications for the treatment and prevention of various viral infections expands. The most effective antiviral drugs for children 2 years old:

In addition, the same medications are used that are used to treat infants (suppositories, nasal and ophthalmic drops).

The best antiviral drugs for children over 3 years old

A list of effective drugs that can be prescribed to a child upon reaching the age of three, including in tablets or capsules:

Some children's antiviral drugs, for example Cycloferon, have an age limit of 4 years. However, in the instructions, the manufacturer explains that this is due specifically to the swallowing reflex, and not to a potential danger.

Medicines for older children

From the age of seven, the ban on taking Remantadine and Amiksin tablets is lifted (the latter only in a dosage of 60 mg). For a runny nose, Ingaron nasal drops can be prescribed. In addition, even after adulthood, antiviral drugs approved for children under 1 year of age are used: Genferon Light, Interferon, Grippferon and others.

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Antiviral drugs for children 0 and older

Timely prevention and treatment of influenza, ARVI and other diseases caused by viruses is the key to a child’s successful recovery, especially for newborns and infants. Antipyretic drugs only relieve symptoms, and in order to overcome the activity of viral pathogens, you need to use antiviral drugs for infants.

Which antiviral agents are most effective?

Means for combating viral pathogens differ in their origin and type of effect; their main groups can be distinguished:

Homeopathic remedies

They have a mild effect due to their natural origin and act slowly. The most common:

If a homeopathic remedy as an antiviral drug for children over 1 year of age does not bring relief within 24 hours after its use, it should be changed to another medicine.

Children under one year old are allowed to use Aflubin with plant extracts of gentian and aconite in its composition; it relieves inflammation and reduces fever.

Oscillococcinum is an effective homeopathy drug, has a pleasant taste, and is good as a means of preventing viral infections.

Interferons (suppositories, tablets and nasal drops)

They significantly alleviate the child’s condition, the results of their use are visible within three days. This:

Recommended as antiviral drugs for children under 1 year of age; they have a good effect on viral pathogens, inhibiting their activity. Good results of use and the absence of side effects recommend the use of interferon drugs even for newborn children.

Effective against influenza viruses, adenoviruses Grippferon, is not addictive, reduces the likelihood of complications.

Anaferon has a special dosage for children and has no contraindications other than lactose intolerance.

It is important to know that viral diseases in infants are treated only under the supervision of a pediatrician; if convulsions, a sharp increase in temperature and vomiting occur, the baby is hospitalized with his mother in the hospital to monitor his condition.

Immunostimulating agents

They are used both to prevent influenza infection and to fight the disease and restore the body’s defenses after an illness. They are used as medicines as effective antiviral drugs for children from 1 year of age, as well as antiviral drugs for children from 6 years of age. The products increase local immunity and help quickly cope with a viral disease, preventing the spread of bacterial infection and deterioration of the child’s general condition.

Derinat drops actively fight viruses on the mucous membrane, treat sinusitis, otitis, pharyngitis, viral tonsillitis (tonsillitis), improve natural immunity, showing good results and accelerating the child’s recovery process.

Antiviral drugs of chemical origin

They are prescribed by a doctor during the acute course of the disease and to prevent relapses; they act in a targeted manner, destroying the virus and destroying its structure. These drugs include:

Recommended as antiviral drugs for children over 3 years of age, who can more easily tolerate influenza and ARVI, so chemically synthesized substances can be used. Thanks to its composition and dosage, it will speed up the healing process and disappearance of symptoms of the disease in 5 days.

The Russian antiviral drug Ingavirin effectively treats symptoms of colds and flu; you just need to strictly follow its dosage; for children it will be minimal. The drug is used in children from 7 years of age.

Amiksin is a drug with a synthesized interferon inducer, recommended for children over 7 years old, does not cause allergies or side effects.

How to use antiviral drugs correctly?

Before choosing an antiviral drug for your baby, be sure to consult with your pediatrician and carefully read the instructions. Specify the dosage and frequency of use, the general course of treatment. The child’s body may react inadequately to chemical components, and allergic reactions to the components of the drugs may occur.

There is no need to rush to use antiviral drugs for children over 5 years old and lower the temperature to 38 degrees, because the body produces its own interferon, resisting the attack of viruses. It is enough to provide plenty of warm drinks; in the absence of allergies, you can give the child decoctions of herbs, rose hips, and prevent the child’s body from overheating.

Antiviral agents for disease prevention

Contacts with a large number of people during viral epidemics, visiting a kindergarten, school, or hospital can be a threatening factor for contracting colds. What medications can be used? The ideal “flu pill”, the best antiviral drug is difficult to find; for prevention, the same drugs are used as for treatment, only in a lower dosage. For young children these are Aflubin drops, Viferon suppositories, Grippferon drops in the nose before visiting crowded places. Antiviral drugs for children over 7 years of age are almost the same as for adults, their list is long - Rimantadine, Immunal, Anaferon and Ergoferon. Lubricating the nasal mucosa with oxolinic ointment before going outside helps a lot. Inexpensive echinacea tincture and eleutherococcus extract, used in the form of drops in an age-appropriate dosage, will help boost immunity.

The most effective remedy against viruses is a healthy lifestyle, hardening, physical activity, and fresh air. A healthy body develops its own defenses against any viral attacks and actively resists the effects of viruses.

Remember that only a doctor can make a correct diagnosis; do not self-medicate without consultation and diagnosis by a qualified doctor.

Source: http://lechenie-baby.ru/aptechka/protivovirusnye-preparaty.html

Effective and inexpensive antiviral drugs for children over 1 year of age: list

Antiviral drugs are additional immune support for colds. They help to quickly overcome the disease and relieve symptoms of illness.

Young children need support even more than adults. Viral protection means are a safe way to protect children from infection with ARVI and influenza.

List of inexpensive but effective remedies

The price is affordable for everyone.

The list is impressive, each drug fights one or another group of viruses:
  1. Against the flu. Most often from group A influenza.
  2. Against the herpes virus. Effective for chickenpox, fungal infections of the throat, stomatitis, and rotavirus infection.
  3. For the treatment and prevention of HIV infections.
  4. General spectrum drugs. Prescribed for the treatment of difficult to diagnose diseases.

Antiviral for newborns

Helper for mothers from the birth of their baby – interferon. The drug is prepared from human blood plasma; taking the drug supports the functioning of the immune system.

The most popular forms of release for infants are immunomodulating suppositories and nasal drops. Children's antivirals can be prescribed while taking antibiotics.

The best and most popular antiviral drugs for the prevention of flu and colds in newborns based on interferon are genferon and viferon.

Our grandmothers’ favorite drug is oxolinic ointment. However, this is a remedy with unproven effectiveness.

The substance naphthalene-1, 2, 3, 4-tetron heroically fights viruses in laboratory conditions, but what happens in the human body when oxoline interacts with viruses is unknown.

Despite the lack of drug trials on humans, the drug is quickly sold out in pharmacies.

Folk remedies for colds

Dr. Komarovsky does not recommend feeding a child’s body on tablets, even if they are of homeopathic origin.

Natural products promote a speedy recovery along with pharmaceutical treatments:

  1. Essential oils. The best helper is eucalyptus. Apply 5 drops to a cotton pad or patch and place in your pocket.

The use of honey for the prevention and treatment of ARVI and influenza is permitted for children over 3 years of age.

Offer ginger tea to an adult child, and chicken broth, according to WHO recommendations, is allowed for one-year-old children.

Recommends the use of ether prophylaxis for children aged 2 years and older. Choose your method of protection against the disease.

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Last year we took Ergoferon all winter for prevention and no one got sick. The children were then 4.5 and 1.5.

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Effective antiviral drugs for children

Every year, with the onset of cold weather, caring parents have another reason for concern - how to protect their child from the seasonal epidemic of acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections or influenza? And if your child has already caught the virus, how can you help the child’s body cope with the virus faster and avoid serious complications? You will learn further about the most effective antiviral drugs for infants, toddlers, preschoolers and older children.

Should children be given antiviral drugs?

The shelves of modern pharmacies are overflowing with remedies for the treatment of colds, among which there are supposedly very effective antiviral drugs - both inexpensive and exorbitantly priced. But how do you know if they will help, and is it worth giving such pills to children at all? Will such outside interference harm the child’s immunity? To answer these important questions, you first need to understand what a virus is, how it behaves when it enters the body, how the immune system reacts to the invasion, and how antiviral drugs can help it.

This is interesting: A virus is a non-cellular microscopic life form, a collection of nucleic acids enclosed in a protein shell. This is an infectious parasite that does not have its own metabolism and can only multiply in the cells of the victim body, which is accompanied by their death.

When we become infected with a virus, the following processes occur:

The DNA or RNA of the virus penetrates cells with the help of special enzymes, is integrated into their genome and forces them to “work for themselves” instead of performing physiological functions;

Replication begins - the synthesis of new viral particles;

Particles are produced and accumulate in the cytoplasm of diseased cells until their vital resources are exhausted;

Cell death occurs, cell membranes rupture and the virus comes out;

New viral particles penetrate neighboring healthy cells, and the infection progresses.

The human immune system can counter this with the following types of “weapons”:

Interferon is a protective protein produced by the cells of our body in the presence of an inflammatory process and elevated body temperature. It prevents the pathogen from penetrating inside the cells;

A nonspecific immune response is the first phase of the reaction to a virus invading the body. Immunocompetent cells (macrophages and lymphocytes) attack and devour viral particles;

A specific immune response is the second phase of the fight against infection. It can be cellular and humoral. Cytotoxic lymphocytes are responsible for the cellular destruction of virus-infected cells. For humoral - B-lymphocytes, which recognize the virus and kill it with the help of antibodies created specifically to fight it - immunoglobulin proteins.

Based on this, science has developed antiviral drugs with three principles of action:

Vaccines – “introduce” the body to viruses and allow you to respond to their possible invasion in the future with an immediate specific immune response, that is, defeat the infection at the first stage and not get sick at all;

Interferon and its inducers - replenish interferon reserves in the patient’s body or stimulate their own cells to produce it, that is, they briefly enhance the nonspecific immune response;

Etiotropic agents - block the activity of viruses at the stage of penetration into cells, replication or exit (by inhibiting enzymes and blocking ion channels). This group includes artificially created chemicals taken strictly as prescribed by a doctor.

Based on their composition, effective antiviral drugs for children can be divided into the following categories:

Interferons – Viferon, Grippferon, Lokferon;

Inducers of endogenous interferons - Cycloferon, Kagocel, Lavomax;

Neuraminidase inhibitors – Tamiflu (oseltamivir), Relenza (zanamivir);

M2 channel blockers – Remantadine, Amantadine;

A specific hemagglutinin inhibitor is umifenovir (Arbidol, Immusstat);

Homeopathic medicines – Oscillococcinum, Aflubin, Influcid;

Plant extracts – Echinacea, Immunal, Immunorm, Immunoflazid, Imupret.

This is important: Only neuraminidase inhibitors and M2 channel blockers have proven clinical effectiveness. The effect of other antiviral drugs is either not proven at all or is difficult in the human body and is observed only in a laboratory test tube.

As for interferon, its most important role in the formation of nonspecific immunity is beyond doubt, but how effective are antiviral drugs for children in the form of dry interferon lyophilisate, nasal drops, sprays and rectal suppositories?

We answer: donor or recombinant protein will be fully absorbed by the body only when administered parenterally (that is, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract). However, it will really help to overcome the virus only during the first hours after it enters the body. Further, interferon is useless, since the first phase of the immune response has ended, the pathogen has been identified or identified for the first time, and the second phase - specific - has begun, in which immunoglobulin antibodies work.

This is important: You should not lower the temperature if it does not exceed 38.5 degrees. By giving a child with a cold an antipyretic and then an antiviral drug, you first “prohibit” his body from producing interferon, and then try to replace this protein or artificially stimulate its synthesis.

The effectiveness of immunostimulating antiviral drugs for children raises even more questions. Normal immunity does not need stimulation, it does not need to be “raised”, it stands in its place. Hyperactivation of immunocompetent cells threatens the development of unpredictable complications: cancer and autoimmune diseases. In the first case, healthy cells mutate and multiply abnormally quickly, and in the second, lymphocytes and macrophages attack the tissues of their own body.

This is important If a child has a family history of cancer or autoimmune diseases (leukemia, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis), he should never be given immunostimulants without a doctor’s prescription!

Herbal and homeopathic antiviral drugs for children, although they have an immunostimulating effect according to the manufacturers, are less potentially dangerous than, for example, inducers of endogenous interferons. However, this statement is not based on the naturalness of homeopathic pills and herbal extracts for boosting immunity, but on their almost complete uselessness. Reviews about such antiviral drugs for children range from “it helped well” to “a waste of money,” but there are almost no complaints about complications and side effects.

So, is it necessary to give a child antiviral drugs during seasonal epidemics of influenza and ARVI? If your child is often sick and misses kindergarten, it makes sense to purchase interferon at the pharmacy to strengthen local immunity as soon as you learn about an outbreak of colds among his classmates. An older child who is already going to school can be given Remantadine as a preventative measure. There is no point in discussing the effectiveness of homeopathic and herbal antiviral drugs for children in terms of preventing and treating colds - everything is very subjective.

As for the situation when the child is already sick, you need to run not to the pharmacy for pills, but to the doctor for an appointment, especially if we are talking about a baby. No parent can distinguish a bacterial infection from a viral infection by eye, based on symptoms. The general concept of “cold” hides many potentially dangerous diseases of various etiologies that require laboratory diagnosis and a targeted approach to treatment. And buying more and more new pills: antiviral drugs, immunostimulants and even antibiotics in the hope that the child’s long-standing cold will finally go away is not only wasteful, but also criminal in relation to his health.

Antiviral drugs for children under 1 year of age

Name and analogues

Indications and dosage

Contraindications and side effects

Approximate price (RUB)

Affinity purified antibodies to human interferon gamma

For the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections

Children over 1 month: 1 tablet per day, for treatment: during the first two hours from the onset of symptoms, 1 tablet every 30 minutes, then 1 tablet 3 times a day

Lactose intolerance (auxiliary component of the drug)

No side effects identified

(drops, sublingual tablets)

Homeopathic: gentian, aconite, bryonia dioica, iron phosphate, lactic acid

Children under one year: 1/4 tablet or 1 drop

Children 1-12 years old: 1/2 tablet or 5 drops

Adolescents and adults: 1 tablet or 10 drops. The frequency of administration for the first 2 days of illness is 8 times a day, then 3 times.

Individual intolerance to the components of the drug

Possible increased salivation

Homeopathic: chamomilla, belladonna, dulcamara, plantago, pulsatilla, calcium harmonicum

For ARVI and painful teething

Children up to 6 months: 1 suppository 2 times a day;

Children from 6 months with a body temperature above 37.5°C, 1 suppository 4 times a day; at body temperature above 38°C, 1 suppository up to 6 times a day. When body temperature normalizes, 1 suppository 1-2 times a day for another 3-4 days

Individual intolerance to the components of the drug

Possible temporary exacerbation of symptoms of the disease, allergic reactions

Interferon alpha-2b recombinant, suppositories

ME,ME,

For viral and bacterial infections

Children under 7 years of age , including newborns and premature infants, 1 suppository ME 3 times a day every 8 hours for 5 days;

Children over 7 years old : 1 suppository ME 2 times a day every 12 hours for 5 days

Individual intolerance to interferons, autoimmune diseases, severe allergies

Allergic reactions such as skin itching and rash are possible

Analogs: Proteflazid, Flavozid

Extract of turf pike and ground reed grass

For ARVI and influenza twice a day for 2 weeks

Children under one year: 0.5 ml;

Children 1-2 years old: 1 ml;

Children 2-4 years old: 1.5 ml;

Children 4-6 years old: 3 ml;

Children 6-9 years old: 5 ml;

Children 9-12 years old: 6 ml

Individual intolerance to the components of the drug, stomach and duodenal ulcers, autoimmune diseases

Possible vomiting, headache, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, fever

Analogues: Lokferon, Inferon

Human leukocyte interferon

For ARVI and influenza, the solution is used intranasally.

Children up to 1 month: 3 drops on the flagella, insert into the nostrils for 10 minutes 4-6 times a day, Children under 1 year: 1 drop in each nasal passage 4-6 times a day;

Children over 1 year: 3-5 drops no more than 6 times a day

Leukocyte donor interferon is more dangerous than recombinant (artificial) in terms of allergies, side effects and unwanted interactions

Possible skin rash, headache, nausea, drowsiness, fever

(nasal drops and spray)

Interferon alpha-2b human recombinant

For ARVI and influenza

Children under 1 year: 1 drop in each nostril 5 times a day;

Children 1-3 years old: 2 drops or 1 injection 4 times a day;

Children 3-14 years old: 3 drops or 2 injections 5 times a day

Individual intolerance to interferons, autoimmune diseases, severe allergies

Possible allergic reactions in the form of skin itching, rash, sneezing, watery eyes

For rhinitis of viral etiology and for the prevention of influenza

For children of any age, lubricate the nasal passages 2-3 times a day

Individual intolerance to oxolin

Possible burning sensation in the nose and rhinorrhea

(tubes with granules)

Homeopathic: anas barbarielium, hepatic et cordis extractum

For ARVI and influenza of mild to moderate severity

For children under 1 year of age, dissolve the contents of one tube in water and give 2-3 times a day

Children over 1 year old should be allowed to dissolve 1 dose of granules 2-3 times at intervals of 6 hours

Individual intolerance to the components of the drug or lactose

In rare cases, allergic reactions are possible; no other side effects have been reported.

(solution and nasal spray)

For the prevention and treatment of respiratory viral infections 1 time per day

Children under 1 year: 1 drop of solution in each nasal passage;

Children 1-6 years old: 1 spray into any nostril;

Children 7-14 years old: 1 spray in each nostril

Individual intolerance to thymogen, autoimmune diseases.

Allergic reactions are possible; when the dosage is exceeded tenfold, a flu-like syndrome sometimes develops

Affinity purified antibodies to human interferon gamma, affinity purified antibodies to histamine, affinity purified antibodies to CD4

For the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections

For children from 6 months, the drug is given every 30 minutes for the first 2 hours, then 3 more times during the first 24 hours at regular intervals. From the second day onwards, 1 tablet 3 times a day. For the prevention of viral infectious diseases - 1 tablet per day

Individual intolerance to the components of the drug

Possible allergic reactions

Antiviral drugs for children from 1 year to 2 years

Name and analogues

Indications and dosage

Contraindications and side effects

Approximate price (RUB)

Analogues: Immunorm, Estifan, Echinacin Liquidum, Echinacea Hexal

Echinacea purpurea juice

To strengthen the immune system during uncomplicated acute viral infections

Children over 1 year:

1 ml of solution 3 times a day.

Attention: tablets are intended for children over 4 years of age

Systemic and autoimmune diseases, allergies to plants of the Asteraceae family

Possible skin rash, dizziness, bronchospasm, shortness of breath, anaphylactic shock

Alcohol-water solution or dry extract of marshmallow root, horsetail herb, yarrow and dandelion, chamomile flowers, walnut leaves, oak bark

For the prevention and treatment of respiratory viral infections, acute and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract

Children from 1 to 2 years old : 5 drops 3 times a day for 1-3 weeks

Individual intolerance to the components of the drug

In rare cases, allergic reactions may develop

For the prevention and treatment of influenza type A

Children over 1 year: on day 1, 10 ml (2 teaspoons) of syrup 3 times a day; on days 2 and 3, 10 ml 2 times a day; on day 4, 10 ml once a day.

Attention: rimantadine tablets are approved for children over 7 years old

Individual intolerance to rimantadine, liver and kidney diseases, epilepsy

Possible skin rash, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flatulence, dizziness, insomnia

For the treatment and prevention of influenza viruses type A and B

Children from 1-2 years: 1 dose (12 mg/ml) of a suspension prepared from powder or opened capsule 2 times a day;

course of treatment 10 days

Attention: can be used from 6 months for special indications

End-stage renal failure, hypersensitivity to oseltamivir

Possible nausea, vomiting, headache, insomnia, convulsions, increased nervous excitability, depression

(syrup, capsules, powder)

Sodium alpha glutamyl tryptophan (thymogen), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), bendazole hydrochloride (dibazole)

For the purpose of prevention and as part of complex therapy of influenza and ARVI

Children over 1 year: 2 ml of syrup 3 times a day for 4 days in a row.

Attention: capsules are intended for children over 6 years of age

Thrombophlebitis, severe hypotension, diabetes mellitus, gastric ulcer, urolithiasis

Possible urticaria and short-term decrease in blood pressure

Antiviral drugs for children over 3 years of age

Name and analogues

Indications and dosage

Contraindications and side effects

As part of complex therapy for herpes virus, chickenpox, lichen, cytomegalovirus

Children 3-6 years old: 1/2 tablet. 3 times a day.

Children 6-12 years old: 1 tablet. 3 times a day for 5-21 days.

Ointment is allowed from 1 year

Individual lactose intolerance, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug

In rare cases, allergic reactions are possible

(tablets, capsules powder)

Analogs: Arpeflu, Arpetolide, Arpetol, Immusstat

Umifenovir (methylphenylthiomethyl-dimethylaminomethyl-hydroxybromindole carboxylic acid ethyl ester)

For the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, as part of complex therapy for rotavirus intestinal infections.

Children 3-6 years old: 50 mg 1-3 times a day;

children 6-12 years old: 100 mg 1-3 times a day;

children over 12 years old: 200 mg 1-3 times a day

Individual intolerance to umifenovir

In rare cases, allergic reactions are possible

Sea buckthorn leaf extract

For the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, influenza A and B, adenoviral and cytomegalovirus infections, herpes, lichen, chickenpox

Children 3-12 years old: 1 tablet 2-3 times a day;

Children over 12 years old: 1 tablet 3-4 times a day.

Ointment – ​​from 1 month

Hypersensitivity to the active component of the drug

In rare cases, allergic reactions are possible

Inosine pranobex (a compound of inosine with 1-dimethylamino-2-propanol-4-acetylaminobenzoate in a ratio of one to three)

For the prevention and treatment of ARVI, influenza, herpes, lichen, measles, chickenpox, papillomas, mononucleosis, cytomegaly, molluscum contagiosum

Children over 3 years old: 1/2 tablet (50 mg) for every 5 kg of weight per day in 3-4 doses

Urolithiasis, gout, arrhythmia, severe renal failure, body weight less than 15 kg

Possible nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, itching, polyuria, insomnia, headache, weakness

Homeopathic: aconite, Bryonia dioecious, phosphorus, ipecacuanha, sable leaf, Gelsemium evergreen

For the prevention and treatment of ARVI and influenza

Children 3-6 years old: 1 tablet. or 10 drops every 2 hours until improvement occurs, then 1/2 tablet. or 10 drops 3 times a day;

Children 6-12 years old: 1 tablet. or 10 drops every hour (but no more than 8 times a day), then 3 times a day;

Children over 12 years old: 1 tablet. every hour (but no more than 12 times a day), then 2 tablets. 3 times a day until recovery

Individual intolerance to the components of the drug

Allergic reactions such as skin itching and urticaria are very rarely observed.

Kagocel (copolymer of gossypol with carboxymethylcellulose)

For the treatment and prevention of ARVI, influenza, herpes virus

Children 3-6 years old: the first 2 days, 1 tablet. 2 times a day, then 1 tablet. per day for 2 more days;

Children over 6 years old: the first 2 days, 1 tablet. 3 times a day, then 1 tablet. 2 times a day 2 days

Individual lactose intolerance, hypersensitivity to the active component of the drug

Local and general allergic reactions are possible

Amur velvet and Laval velvet leaf extract

For the treatment of herpes viruses, hepatitis, measles, lichen, chickenpox.

Children 3-6 years old: 0.05-0.1 g 2-3 times a day.

Children over 6 years old: 0.1 g 2-3 times a day, course of treatment 7-21 days

Acute liver failure, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, cholestasis

In rare cases, allergic reactions are possible

Homeopathic: vincetoxicum hirundinaria, sulfur

In the complex therapy of colds and flu

Children over 3 years: 1 tablet every 15 minutes for 2 hours in a row, then 3 times a day for 2-3 weeks

Individual intolerance to lactose or drug components

Possible allergic reactions

Antiviral drugs for children from 4-7 years old

Name and analogues

Indications and dosage

Contraindications and side effects

Approximate price (RUB)

Analogues: Lavomax, Tilaksin, Tiloram

For ARVI and influenza

Children over 7 years old: 60 mg (1 tablet) 1 time per day for 3 days in a row. Course dose of mg (3 tablets), in case of complicated infection – 240 mg (4 tablets)

Hypersensitivity to tilorone

Dyspeptic disorders, chills, allergic reactions are possible

Vitaglutam (pentanedioic acid imidazolylethanamide)

For ARVI and influenza

Children over 7 years old: 1 capsule (60 mg) 1 time per day for 5-7 days from the onset of symptoms of the disease

Individual intolerance to vitaglutam

Possible allergic reactions

(tablets, suppositories, lyophilisate)

As part of complex therapy of acute and chronic diseases caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi

Children over 6 years old: orally, parenterally, intranasally or rectally. Doses, method and regimen of use are determined by the doctor depending on the diagnosis.

Hypersensitivity to polyoxidonium

Allergic reactions and pain at the injection site are possible if the parenteral route of treatment is chosen

(powder with included inhaler)

For the treatment and prevention of influenza types A and B

Children over 5 years old: 2 inhalations (5 mg) 2 times a day for 5 days from the first symptoms

Individual intolerance to zanamivir, history of bronchospasm

Possible local and general allergic reactions, suffocation

(tablets, dragees, syrup)

For the prevention and treatment of ARVI and influenza

Children over 7 years old: 5 mg of rimantadine per kg of body weight once a day. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 150 mg

Acute and chronic diseases of the liver and kidneys, thyrotoxicosis, hypersensitivity to rimantadine

Possible nausea, allergic reactions, dry mouth, headache, insomnia

Sodium salt of double-stranded ribonucleic acid of Saccharomyces serevisiae

For the treatment and prevention of influenza, ARVI and herpes

Children over 7 years old: intramuscularly, 8 mg of lyophilisate per 1 ml of 0.5% procaine solution, administered once, then 2 days later if fever persists, maximum 2-4 injections per course

Severe liver and kidney diseases, individual intolerance

Possible short-term increase in temperature after injection

(tablets, solution, liniment)

For the treatment of influenza, ARVI and herpes

Children 4-6 years old: 1 tablet 1 time per day;

Children 7-11 years old: 2 tablets 1 time per day;

Children over 12 years old: 3 tablets once a day

Liver cirrhosis, individual intolerance

Possible allergic reactions

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What antiviral drugs should not be given to children?

There are a number of effective antiviral drugs that are not recommended for children, either due to insufficient knowledge of the effect on the growing body, or due to the high likelihood of developing unwanted side effects.

This category includes:

Adapromine – A-Propyl-1-adamantyl-ethylamine hydrochloride, has antiviral activity against influenza viruses type A/H/3N2 and B;

Amantadine (Midantan, Neo Midantan, Gludantan, PC-merz) – Adamantan-1-amine, has antiviral and antiparkinsonian effects;

Yodantipyrine – 1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-iodopyrazolone, produces anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating and interferonogenic effects, approved for use in children over 14 years of age;

Neovir is sodium oxodihydroacridinyl acetate, used as an immunostimulating agent as part of combination therapy for a wide range of diseases of viral etiology;

Ribavirin (Trivorin) – 1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethyloxolan-2-yl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide, used for the treatment viral hepatitis;

Triazavirin is the sodium salt of 2-methylthio-6-nitro-1,2,4-triazolo[5,1-c]-1,2,4-triazin-7-one dihydrate, prescribed for influenza exclusively to patients over 18 years of age.

However, among the antiviral drugs approved for children, which you see in the tables above, there are medications for which incriminating information has appeared in recent years. We are talking about scientific research conducted in a double-blind environment.

A large group of patients with the same diagnosis is taken and divided into subgroups according to the number of drugs tested + one subgroup for placebo. During the entire experiment, neither the patients themselves, nor even the doctors who give them the pills, know which drug is which and which is a dummy. At the end of the study, data about this is disclosed, and an analysis is made of the effectiveness and side effects of the drugs being tested.

So, most of the modern antiviral drugs for children have not been tested in this way. And among the tested drugs, there were those that did not show any effectiveness or even demonstrated harmful effects on the body of the tested people. Why is this happening?

Because pharmaceuticals are a huge business with billions in profits. And viral infections are the cause of epidemics. Some antiviral drugs in developed countries are lobbied at the government level and purchased in tons with public money every time the world is overwhelmed by another epidemic of “bird” or “swine” flu.

Does this mean you should ignore your pediatrician's recommendation when prescribing an antiviral drug for your child? Of course not, but you will be much safer if you know all the incriminating information currently available about some of these drugs. Fortunately, there are very few of them.

Amiksin

This drug was banned in the United States at the stage of testing on animals in the 80s of the last century. The experimental mice exhibited retinal dissection, liver lipidosis, and other serious pathologies. Antiviral drugs based on tilorone are also not used in the countries of the European Union.

Open sources contain the results of testing this substance in humans: in a small group of 14 patients, tilorone caused retinopathy and keratopathy in two. True, destructive changes in the eye tissues were reversible and did not lead to fatal consequences for vision.

The fairest conclusion from this would be the following: tiloron today has not been studied well enough (as, in fact, human immunity) to confidently judge the safety and effectiveness of Amiksin and its analogues.

Arbidol

The active ingredient of this drug, umifenovir, was invented in Russia. Foreign researchers were actively interested in the new product and conducted research: in 2004 in China, in a group of 230 ARVI patients, the effectiveness of umifenovir was not confirmed (it lost out to Tamiflu and Ingaverin in all respects). Domestic testing, which took place in 2008, showed that Arbidol stops the development of a viral infection in the human body at the first stage of the disease worse than Viferon (suppositories with recombinant alpha-interferon).

However, in 2010, Arbidol was included by the Government of the Russian Federation in the list of vital and essential drugs, first as an immunostimulant. And then, when in 2013 the WHO recognized umifenovir as a direct-acting antiviral substance and assigned it the international code J05AX13, Arbidol acquired the status of an effective antiviral drug in our country.

A large-scale trial of Arbidol, despite the presence of very serious sponsors, has not yet been carried out for unknown reasons. In recent years, events around this medicine have acquired the character of an action-packed epic: protests from independent doctors, accusations in the state lobby, reviews from some patients about the undoubted effectiveness of Arbidol, and from others about its complete uselessness... Time passes, and the discussion continues.

Yodantipyrine

Previously, this substance was used as a radioisotope label during instrumental studies of human body fluids. And now it is being actively promoted to the Russian market as an antiviral drug.

The first report on the antiviral activity of Yodantipirin and other pyrazolone compounds at the preclinical stage was published by Professor Saratikov (head of the Department of Pharmacology of Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk).

The management of the Central Clinical Hospital of Ufa states that successful trials of Yodantipirin against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome were conducted there. However, the drug has not undergone full clinical trials either in Russia or abroad, and it is not certified as an antiviral agent.

Kagocel

The active ingredient of this drug is the sodium salt of the copolymer of gossypol with carboxymethylcellulose. Gossypol itself is a yellow pigment, a toxic polyphenol derived from cotton plants. The contraceptive properties of gossypol have been studied around the world for a long time; it was found that this substance stops spermatogenesis. In particular, China had high hopes for it, planning to develop a male oral contraceptive based on it. But to achieve a reversible contraceptive effect, you need 1 mg of gossypol per day, and the result is visible only after a very long period of use - from 2 to 18 months. The revolution in male contraception did not take place. The possibilities of gossypol in oncology are now being actively studied, since this polyphenol has a powerful antitumor effect.

It is wrong to fear harm from Kagocel simply because it is related to a toxic substance. There is no free gossypol in Kagocel; it is a sodium salt that has completely different physical and chemical properties than polyphenol. But in fairness, it must be said that this antiviral drug is not used either in Western Europe or in the USA; it is not included in the official WHO list of drugs. And although in Russia Kagocel is actively recommended for influenza and ARVI for both adults and children, there is no evidence of the safety of this medicine for preschool and school-age children, and no clinical studies have yet been conducted in this age category.

Tamiflu and Relenza

First of all, it should be understood that oseltamivir and zanamivir are effective only against influenza viruses type A and B; they are useless against other acute respiratory viral infections. These two substances are inhibitors of the enzyme with which influenza virus particles try to dissolve cell membranes and enter the human body. Science has proven that Tamiflu and Relenza are indeed useful during a flu epidemic, but only if you start taking the medicine for prevention or at the first sign of a cold.

Relenza and Tamiflu, in addition to the very high price, have another significant drawback: their side effects can develop into a flu-like syndrome, which makes diagnosis difficult. In other words, the doctor does not understand whether the patient’s headache, nausea and fever are caused by the flu itself, or by the anti-flu pills. But this is not the most unpleasant thing.

Since 2004, information began to appear in medical sources about neuropsychiatric disorders among patients taking Tamiflu: anxiety, insomnia, nightmares, convulsions, psychosis, and suicidal tendencies. For example, in Japan, 54 deaths were reported, 16 of which were in the age group. Moreover, 15 out of 16 young people who took Tamiflu committed suicide, 1 was hit by a car. In all other cases, death occurred from kidney failure, which, however, could have developed due to severe influenza. We should also not forget that 54 people is statistically insignificant, given the size of the Japanese population and the widespread use of this antiviral drug.

In 2014, the results of almost fifty studies of Tamiflu and Relenza were published, in which a total of about 24 thousand people around the world took part.

Tamiflu slightly reduces the risk of human-to-human transmission of influenza when used prophylactically;

Symptoms of the disease in adults are observed for 6 days instead of 7 days without treatment; in children this period is not shortened at all;

The drug does not prevent the development of influenza complications;

Oseltamivir and zanamivir are considered quite toxic to the body; nausea and vomiting often occur in both adults and children;

Long-term use of these drugs for preventive purposes is fraught with the development of neuropsychiatric disorders and deterioration of kidney function.

Based on the data obtained, an international group of evidence-based medicine experts called on the governments of the world's leading countries to stop mass purchases of Tamiflu and Relenza. By the way, in 2009, in connection with the swine flu epidemic, the UK and the USA purchased about 40 million packages of these drugs. This is perhaps the most striking example of government lobbying in the entire history of the pharmaceutical industry.

Can antibiotics be taken with antiviral drugs?

Antibiotics have either a bactericidal effect (destroy bacteria and microbes) or a bacteriostatic effect (prevent them from multiplying). And antiviral drugs for children and adults are designed to fight a non-cellular form of life - a virus, which has a completely different structure and principles of pathogenic effects on the human body. Antibiotics are not effective against viruses, but some antivirals may be useful against bacterial infections. We are talking about drugs that enhance nonspecific immunity, because it helps us fight “uninvited guests” of any type, be it a virus, bacteria or even fungus. But they are called accordingly: immunostimulating, and not just antiviral.

This is interesting: How to distinguish a viral infection from a bacterial one? In the first case, the disease debuts with a sharp rise in temperature and aches throughout the body. Respiratory symptoms appear after 2-3 days. And in the second case, the disease first manifests itself as pain when swallowing, and the temperature may not rise at all.

Since some antibiotics lead to a decrease in immunity, destroying healthy cells along with bacteria, the body, weakened by long-term antibacterial therapy, can become an easy target for the virus. The opposite statement is also true: a person with a viral infection is more vulnerable to pathogenic bacteria, which can provoke a serious complication of ARVI: bronchitis, pneumonia.

From here we come to the conclusion: it is possible and even necessary to take antibiotics and antiviral drugs at the same time, but only in the case of the development of a so-called “superinfection,” when a viral disease is complicated by an inflammatory process of a bacterial nature, and vice versa. Parallel therapy is always justified, for example, in the case of HIV, because in conditions of immunodeficiency, people are affected by tuberculosis, sepsis and other opportunistic infections, which lead to death.

When jointly prescribing antibiotics and antiviral drugs to children, pediatricians focus on the nature and dynamics of pathogenesis, the immune status of the little patient, the data of his medical record, and also necessarily take into account the phenomenon of drug antagonism. Not all antibacterial agents combine well with antiviral drugs, but there are also drugs that have long been successfully used in the complex treatment of complicated and mixed infections.

One thing you can know for sure: if the doctor diagnosed your child with tonsillitis (tonsillitis) and at the same time prescribed an antiviral drug (not an immunostimulant!), he is either incompetent or has a financial interest in the well-being of the local pharmacy. And if a doctor diagnoses a child with “uncomplicated ARVI” and at the same time prescribes an antibiotic, then he is simply a criminal, because such therapy will not help recovery, but will only kill beneficial microflora and reduce the effectiveness of this antibiotic in the future, when it may actually be vital.

Author of the article: Polyakova Elena Anatolyevna, pediatrician, especially for the site ayzdorov.ru

Influenza is a type A, C, and B virus that belongs to the orthomyxovirus family. Type A viruses can infect both humans and some animals, while type C and B viruses pose a danger exclusively to the human body. Viruses are prone to antigenic polymorphism, especially type A virus.

Each of us has had the flu, as a rule, it happens to everyone once a year. And during this period, patients have questions about whether they can do something or not. Below we have answered common questions about the flu for you.

Most citizens of our country, both children and adults, have at least once taken sick leave due to ARVI, which is given at the first signs of hyperthermia. Each therapist prescribes a complex of 2 to 6 drugs that will definitely lead to recovery. But few people noticed that every doctor has a list of prescriptions.

The collection of cones is carried out in May-June; green pine cones that have not yet opened are needed. The diameter of the cones should not be more than four centimeters. After collection, the raw materials are thoroughly washed under running water, each cone is divided into four parts and filled into a glass container (you can use a liter jar).

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