How to inject ceftriaxone into adults

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How to properly dilute the antibiotic Ceftriaxone? What solvents to use (novocaine, lidocaine, water for injection) to reduce pain and what quantity is needed to obtain a dosage of 1000 mg, 500 mg and 250 mg for adults and children

In the article we will talk about diluting the antibiotic Ceftriaxone with a solution of Lidocaine 1% and 2% or water for injection for adults and children to obtain the initial dosage of the finished drug solution of 1000 mg, 500 mg or 250 mg.

Table of contents:

We will also look at what is better to use for diluting the antibiotic - Lidocaine, Novocaine or Water for injection and what is better for relieving pain during the injection of the prepared Ceftriaxone solution.

These questions are the most common, so now there will be a link to this article so as not to be repeated. Everything will be with examples of use.

In all instructions for Ceftriaxone (including drugs under a different name, but with the same composition), 1% Lidocaine is recommended as a solvent.

1% Lidocaine is already contained as a solvent in packages of such drugs as Rosin, Rocephin and others (the active ingredient is Ceftriaxone).

Advantages of Ceftriaxone with solvent in packaging:

  • no need to buy a solvent separately (figure out which one);
  • the required dose of solvent is already measured in the ampoule of the solvent, which helps to avoid mistakes when drawing the required amount into the syringe (no need to figure out exactly how much solvent to take);
  • the ampoule with the solvent contains a ready-made solution of 1% lidocaine - there is no need to dilute 2% lidocaine to 1% (it can be difficult to find exactly 1% in pharmacies, you have to dilute it additionally with water for injection).

Disadvantages of Ceftriaxone with a solvent in the package:

  • An antibiotic together with a solvent is more expensive (choose what is more important to you - convenience or cost).

How to dilute and inject Ceftriaxone

For intramuscular injection, 500 mg (0.5 g) of the drug should be dissolved in 2 ml (1 ampoule) of a 1% solution of Lidocaine (or for 1000 mg (1 g) of the drug - 3.5 ml of Lidocaine solution (usually 4 ml is used, since this amounts to 2 ampoules of Lidocaine 2 ml each)). It is not recommended to inject more than 1 g of solution into one gluteal muscle.

The dosage of 250 mg (0.25 g) is diluted in the same way as 500 mg (250 mg ampoules did not exist at the time of writing this instruction). That is, 500 mg (0.5 g) of the drug should be dissolved in 2 ml (1 ampoule) of a 1% solution of Lidocaine, and then draw half of the finished solution into two different syringes.

So let's summarize:

1. We obtain 250 mg (0.25 g) of the finished solution as follows:

500 mg (0.5 g) of the drug should be dissolved in 2 ml (1 ampoule) of a 1% solution of Lidocaine and the resulting solution should be drawn into two different syringes (half of the finished solution each).

2. We obtain 500 mg (0.5 g) of the finished solution as follows:

500 mg (0.5 g) of the drug should be dissolved in 2 ml (1 ampoule) of a 1% solution of Lidocaine and draw the resulting solution into 1 syringe.

3. We obtain 1000 mg (1 g) of the finished solution as follows:

1000 mg (1 g) of the drug should be dissolved in 4 ml (2 ampoules) of a 1% solution of Lidocaine and draw the resulting solution into 1 syringe.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone with 2% lidocaine solution

Below is a plate with dilution schemes for the antibiotic Ceftriaxone with a 2% solution of Lidocaine (a 2% solution is found in pharmacies more often than a 1% solution; the dilution method we have already discussed above):

Abbreviations in the table: CEF - Ceftriaxone, R-l - solvent, V injection - water for injection. Below are examples and explanations.

The child was prescribed a course of Ceftriaxone injections twice a day, 500 mg (0.5 g) for 5 days. How many vials of ceftriaxone, ampoules with solvent and syringes will be needed for the entire course of treatment?

If you bought Ceftriaxone 500 mg (0.5 g) (the most convenient option) and Lidocaine 2% at the pharmacy, you will need:

  • 10 vials of ceftriaxone;
  • 10 ampoules of lidocaine 2%;
  • 10 ampoules of water for injection;
  • 20 syringes of 2 ml (2 syringes for each injection - add the solvent with one, draw and inject with the second).

If you bought Ceftriaxone 1000 mg (1.0 g) at the pharmacy (you didn’t find Ceftriaxone 0.5 g) and Lidocaine 2%, you will need:

  • 5 vials of Ceftriaxone;
  • 5 ampoules Lidocaine 2%
  • 5 ampoules of water for injection
  • 5 syringes of 5 ml and 10 syringes of 2 ml (3 syringes for preparing 2 injections - add the solvent with one, draw the required volume with the second and third, inject the second immediately, put the third in the refrigerator and inject after 12 hours).

The method is acceptable provided that the solution is prepared for 2 injections at once and the syringe with the solution is stored in the refrigerator (freshly prepared ceftriaxone solutions are physically and chemically stable for 6 hours at room temperature and for 24 hours when stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 2° to 8°C ).

Disadvantages of this method: injection of an antibiotic after storage in the refrigerator may be more painful; during storage, the solution may change color, which indicates its instability.

The same dosage of Ceftriaxone 1000 mg and Lidocaine 2%, although the regimen is more expensive, but less painful and safer:

  • 10 vials of ceftriaxone;
  • 10 ampoules of lidocaine 2%;
  • 10 ampoules of water for injection;
  • 10 syringes of 5 ml and 10 syringes of 2 ml (2 syringes for each injection - one (5 ml) we add the solvent, the second (2 ml) we draw and inject). Half of the resulting solution is drawn into the syringe, the rest is thrown away.

Disadvantage: treatment is more expensive, but freshly prepared solutions are more effective and less painful.

Now popular questions and answers to them.

Why use Lidocaine, Novocaine for diluting Ceftriaxone and why can’t you use water for injection?

To dilute Ceftriaxone to the required concentrations, you can also use water for injection, there are no restrictions, but you need to understand that intramuscular injections of the antibiotic are very painful and if this is done in water (this is what they usually do in hospitals), then it will hurt as much as when injected drug, and for some time after. So it is preferable to use an anesthetic solution as a means for dilution, and use water for injection only as an auxiliary solution when diluting Lidocaine 2%.

There is also a point that it is not possible to use Lidocaine and Novocaine due to the development of allergic reactions to these solutions. Then the option of using water for injection for dilution remains the only possible one. Here you will have to endure pain, since there is a real chance of dying from anaphylactic shock, Quincke's edema, or getting a severe allergic reaction (the same urticaria).

Also, Lidocaine cannot be used for intravenous administration of an antibiotic, only STRICTLY intramuscularly. For intravenous use, the antibiotic must be diluted in water for injection.

What is better to use Novocaine or Lidocaine to dilute the antibiotic?

Novocaine should not be used to dilute Ceftriaxone. This is due to the fact that Novocain reduces the activity of the antibiotic and, in addition, increases the risk of the patient developing a fatal complication - anaphylactic shock.

In addition, according to the observations of the patients themselves, the following can be noted:

  • pain during the administration of Ceftriaxone is better relieved by Lidocaine than Novocaine;
  • pain during administration may intensify after the administration of not freshly prepared solutions of Ceftriaxone with Novocaine (according to the instructions for the drug, the prepared solution of Ceftriaxone is stable for 6 hours - some patients practice preparing several doses of the Ceftriaxone + Novocaine solution at once to save antibiotic and solvent (for example, solutions of 250 mg of Ceftriaxone from powder 500 mg), otherwise the remainder would have to be thrown away, and for the next injection use a solution or powder from new ampoules).

Is it possible to mix different antibiotics in one syringe, including Ceftriaxone?

Under no circumstances should ceftriaxone solution be mixed with solutions of other antibiotics, because it may crystallize or increase the patient's risk of developing allergic reactions.

How to reduce pain when administering Ceftriaxone?

It is logical from the above - you need to dilute the drug with Lidocaine. In addition, the skill of administering the finished drug also plays an important role (you need to administer it slowly, then there will be little pain).

Can I prescribe an antibiotic myself without consulting a doctor?

If you are guided by the main principle of medicine - Do no harm, then the answer is obvious - NO!

Antibiotics are medications that cannot be dosed or prescribed yourself, without consulting a specialist. Since choosing an antibiotic based on the advice of friends or on the Internet, we thereby narrow the field of activity for doctors who can treat the consequences or complications of your disease. That is, the antibiotic did not work (it was injected or diluted incorrectly, it was taken incorrectly), but it was good, and since the bacteria are already accustomed to it as a result of the incorrect treatment regimen, you will have to prescribe a more expensive backup antibiotic, which, after incorrect previous treatment, will also help unknown whether. So the situation is clear - you need to go to the doctor for a prescription and appointment.

Also, allergy sufferers (ideally, again, all patients who are taking this drug for the first time) are also advised to prescribe scratch tests to determine an allergic reaction to prescribed antibiotics.

Also, ideally, it is necessary to inoculate biological fluids and human tissues and determine the sensitivity of the inoculated bacteria to antibiotics so that the prescription of a particular drug is justified.

I would like to believe that after the appearance of this article in the Directory, there will be fewer questions on the methods and dilution schemes for the antibiotic Ceftriaxone, since I have analyzed the main points and schemes here, all that remains is to read carefully.

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Source: http://instrukciya-otzyvy.ru/875-kak-pravilno-razvodit-antibiotik-ceftriakson-rastvoriteli-novokain-lidokain-voda.html

Ceftriaxone - instructions for use

Ceftriaxone is a 3rd generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic active against bacterial infections. We suggest that you read the instructions on how to properly dilute and inject Ceftriaxone intramuscularly and intravenously.

General description of the drug

Ceftriaxone is a universal antibiotic that inhibits the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, which leads to the death of bacteria.

It is worth noting that some bacteria are resistant to the action of the antibiotic, so the instructions for use recommend conducting a susceptibility test before starting use. If the indicators are negative, treatment will be ineffective.

When Ceftriaxone is administered intramuscularly, the maximum concentration of the substance in the blood is observed after 2.5 hours. 50% of the drug is excreted unchanged through the kidneys. The other part is inactivated in the liver and then exits along with bile.

Ceftriaxone has structural analogs of the active substance:

Indications for use

The presence of a bacterial infection in the body caused by:

  • infectious and inflammatory processes (peritonitis, inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, typhoid fever and others);
  • diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract (pneumonia, complications of bronchitis, lung abscess);
  • infections of the urinary tract (cystitis) and genital tract (gonorrhea);
  • meningitis;
  • sepsis;
  • syphilis;
  • bacterial skin infections,
  • infection of wounds and burns;

Ceftriaxone injections are also used to prevent bacterial complications after surgery.

Contraindications

  1. Individual intolerance to the components of the drug (severe allergic reactions, including anaphylactic shock, may occur);
  2. hypersensitivity to other cephalosporins, penicillins, carbapenems;
  3. the first trimester of pregnancy, as well as the period of breastfeeding;
  4. hyperbilirubinemia in children.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone

Ceftriaxone is sold in pharmacies in the form of a powder, which is diluted with an anesthetic for intramuscular administration. In most cases, a 1% solution of Lidocaine or Novocaine is used.

To dilute Ceftriaxone for intramuscular injection, 500 mg of the drug is dissolved in 2 ml of a 1% lidocaine solution, and 1 g of the drug is dissolved in 3.5 ml.

It is important that the first injection is carried out under the supervision of a doctor, as Lidocaine can cause a severe allergic reaction.

Please note that Lidocaine solution must be used within 6 hours after opening if stored at room temperature, or within 2 days if stored in the refrigerator.

For intravenous injections, the antibiotic is diluted exclusively with water - 1 gram is taken per 10 ml. powder!

Dosage

  • Up to 1 month - 50 mg Ceftriaxone per day per 1 kg of weight.
  • Up to 12 years - the dose is selected by the doctor individually based on the child’s weight, but the daily rate should not exceed 80 mg/kg.
  • Over 12 years old and weighing more than 40 kg - 1 g. /day. The drug can be administered in 2 doses - 0.5 g every 12 hours.
  • 1 gr. drug per day. Injections can be divided into 2 doses - 0.5 g each. every 12 hours
  • In severe cases of the disease, the dosage of Ceftriaxone may need to be increased to 2-4 g/day.
  • To reduce the risk of complications in the postoperative period, as well as before surgery, 1 gram is administered. antibiotic daily.

It is recommended to inject no more than 1 g into one gluteal muscle.

To avoid negative consequences, it is better to do a test first. Inject 0.5 ml of the prepared solution into the muscle and monitor the reaction. If no negative effects are observed, then after half an hour you can inject the remaining dose into the other buttock.

The duration of the course of Ceftriaxone injections for children and adults is from 4 to 14 days.

Source: http://prostudynet.ru/lechenie/preparaty/ceftriakson-kak-kolot

Ceftriaxone: how to dilute lidocaine and water for injection

The drug Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that belongs to the type of cephalosporic drugs. This medicine is intended to fight infectious diseases in the body.

The purpose of the drug is to destroy pathogenic microorganisms. The medicine Ceftriaxone is very painful both intramuscularly and intravenously. To solve this problem, it was decided to dilute Ceftriaxone powder with anesthetics, which significantly reduce pain.

For what diseases is Ceftriaxone used?

Ceftriaxone: what does it help with? Diseases in the body of a child and an adult are caused by microorganisms: viruses, bacteria, fungi. Bacteria that cause infections are quite sensitive to the antibiotic Ceftriaxone. This remedy is used for the following diseases:

  • otitis of ENT organs;
  • inflammation of the nasopharynx (sinusitis, sinusitis);
  • infectious sore throat, pharyngitis, tonsillitis;
  • acute respiratory infections (bronchitis, tracheitis);
  • infectious pneumonia;
  • diseases pyelonephritis;
  • prostatitis in the male body;
  • bacterial cystitis;
  • acute and latent form of urethritis;
  • endometritis disease;
  • gynecological diseases;
  • gonorrhea, syphilis, chancroid;
  • diseases of the stomach and intestines;
  • diseases caused by E. coli;
  • salmonellosis;
  • purulent meningitis;
  • purulent sepsis;
  • purulent skin diseases.

The therapeutic effect of using this drug shows a positive result - already from the second or third day of taking the medicine, positive dynamics are observed.

Why dilute Ceftriaxone?

A large mass of various antibacterial drugs used for injection are produced in bottles with lyophilized powder. Before use, this powder must be dissolved in saline or anesthetics (lidocaine, novocaine).

Ceftriaxone is available only in powder form; this product is not available in the form of ready-made solutions or suspensions.

But when using this type of antibiotic, it is necessary to understand exactly how the patient reacts to this solution, what exactly should be used to dilute the medicine in powder: water, saline or lidocaine. It is necessary to make sure that the patient does not have an allergy to anesthetics, which could cause harm to the sick person’s body.

It is very important to know where exactly the injection should be given; solutions of Ceftriaxone with lidocaine cannot be used if the injection must be given intravenously.

Dilution of Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine

How to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine? Ceftriaxone diluted with lidocaine can cause an allergic reaction in the body. To avoid this, before giving the injection, you need to conduct a reaction test that can show how a person reacts to the substances. It is necessary to make two small scratches on the skin on the inside of the arm and apply a little Ceftriaxone and Lidocaine to them, each drug in a separate scratch. If the skin at the site of scratching turns red after 5–10 minutes, then you should not take the drug. If the skin in these places remains unchanged, then there is no allergy to the drugs. How to dilute Ceftriaxone with lidocaine and water for injection?

  • Ceftriaxone cannot be mixed with any antibacterial drugs - this can lead to an allergic reaction;
  • for the preparation of an antibiotic solution Ceftriaxone - Novocaine is not used instead of the medicine Lidocaine is not worth it: the anesthetic reduces the therapeutic effect of the antibiotic and can lead the patient to a state of anaphylactic shock;
  • Ceftriaxone diluted in anesthetic - do not store for more than 6 hours;
  • for intravenous use of an antibiotic drug, it is prohibited to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine;
  • make the injection into the buttock and administer the drug quite slowly.

In order to prepare a suspension for injections of the drug Ceftriaxone using the substance Lidocaine, it is necessary to carry out the following manipulations:

  • on the antibiotic bottle, you need to bend the aluminum cap and wipe it with cotton wool and alcohol;
  • 3.5 ml of 1% lidocaine solution is introduced into a vial of 1.0 g of Ceftriaxone;
  • insert the syringe with a needle into the cap and squeeze out lidocaine;
  • It is necessary to shake the bottle with the drug until Ceftriaxone is completely dissolved in the anesthetic.

If the pharmacy does not currently have Lidocaine 1%, then Lidocaine 2% can also be used, and you also need to purchase a specialized liquid for making injections (saline solution) along with this anesthetic:

  • Mix 2 ml of Lidocaine 2% solution with 2 ml of water for making injections, shake the syringe so that the liquid mixes together as much as possible;
  • after this, the same manipulations are performed as with the use of Lidocaine 1%.

Dilution of the antibiotic Ceftriaxone for intravenous use

In order to dilute Ceftriaxone for intravenous injections, a sodium chloride solution is used. The intravenous procedure should be carried out very carefully and the antibiotic should be administered as slowly as possible.

If a single dosage, according to the treatment regimen prescribed by the doctor, exceeds 1 g of Ceftriaxone, then there is a need to administer the medicine by dropper instead of an intravenous injection. The procedure using a dropper should last at least 30 minutes and use 100 ml of liquid sodium chloride to prepare a drop solution.

The prepared solution for intravenous use in the form of a dropper or injection must be used immediately after preparation. Freshly prepared medicine gives much faster positive results in treatment.

Use of Ceftriaxone during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Ceftriaxone instructions for use do not recommend the use of Ceftriaxone during pregnancy and when breastfeeding a small child.

The drug Ceftriaxone during pregnancy is prescribed in an extreme situation, if the benefits of taking the medication will be much higher than the threat of side pathologies for the developing fetus.

When taking this drug, special doctoral control over the condition of the expectant mother’s body and the condition of the intrauterine fetus is required.

If there is an urgent need to take an antibiotic during lactation, then you need to stop breastfeeding.

Use of the drug Ceftriaxone for a child’s body

For newly born children, children who are breastfed and children under 12 years of age, according to the instructions for use, use the following treatment regimen:

  • for children under 14 days of age from birth, mg of antibiotic per kilogram of baby’s weight. Increasing the dose per day to more than 50 mg is strictly prohibited;
  • for infants from one month after birth until the child reaches 12 years of age, mg of antibiotic per kilogram of baby’s weight. If it is necessary to exceed the daily dose of the drug, in this case the drip method of administering the drug is used.

For children over 12 years of age, the drug is prescribed as for adults.

Contraindications to the use of this medication

According to the instructions for use, like any medicine, Ceftriaxone has a contraindication for various diseases of the body:

  • intolerance to components;
  • allergic reaction to substances in the product;
  • allergic intolerance to cephalosporins;
  • increased level of bilirubin in the blood;
  • myocardial infarction and heart failure;
  • epilepsy;
  • nervous excitability;
  • patients undergoing hemodialysis;
  • chronic and acute liver diseases;
  • cirrhosis of the liver;
  • diseases of the kidneys and adrenal glands;
  • alcoholism;
  • carrying a child (use in the first trimester is especially dangerous);
  • breastfeeding;

Complications from taking Ceftriaxone

Complications after taking Ceftriaxone usually develop with an overdose or improper use.

The action of the drug is aimed at suppressing microbes and, together with harmful infections, beneficial microbes in the microflora of the stomach and intestines can die and against the background of this indicator, dysbiosis develops in the body with pronounced symptoms:

  • abdominal pain;
  • frequent and loose stools;
  • nausea and possibly vomiting.

If you have abdominal pain, this is the first sign of dysbiosis. Taking probiotics during this period is mandatory.

The consequences of dysbacteriosis can be fungal infections, and with disturbed microflora, these infections tend to multiply quite quickly.

Symptoms of fungal infection in the body:

  • thrush in children of breastfeeding age;
  • vaginitis or thrush in girls, which causes pain when urinating;
  • itching of the genitals with redness of the vulva;

Before taking this drug, you must consult with your doctor.

Side effects from using Ceftriaxone

After using the antibiotic Ceftriaxone, a number of side effects occur:

  • constant nausea, vomiting after eating;
  • painful diarrhea, constipation;
  • acute form of dysbacteriosis;
  • stomatitis with severe pain;
  • overexcitement;
  • anxiety;
  • insomnia;
  • sharp pain in the head;
  • severe morning dizziness;
  • acute conjunctivitis;
  • anaphylactic shock and possible coma;
  • itching in the genitals;
  • candidomycosis of the vaginal mucosa.

Before you start taking this medication, you should definitely consult with your doctor.

An allergic reaction to the drug manifests itself in angioedema, skin rash, and anaphylactic shock. Dyspeptic indicators are disturbances in appetite, severe nausea, belching, vomiting after taking or while eating.

Only compliance with all the instructions of the treating doctor will guarantee the positive effect of the antibiotic Ceftriaxone on the body.

Source: http://wmedik.ru/zabolevaniya/urologiya/ceftriakson-kak-razvodit-lidokainom-i-vodoj-dlya-inekcij.html

Antibiotic Ceftriaxone: purpose, use, how to properly dilute at home

If we compare the prescriptions of doctors, the drug Ceftriaxone is the leader among antibiotics for parenteral use. Due to its versatility, it is often prescribed for the treatment of various inflammatory processes on an outpatient basis and in a hospital setting.

The drug Ceftriaxone is known not only to health workers, but also to ordinary patients who often suffer from respiratory diseases. Ceftriaxone belongs to the group of 3rd generation cephalosporins and is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Inhibiting transpeptidase stops the biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall mucopeptide.

The effect of the drug applies to many microorganisms: some gram-positive and gram-negative aerobes, anaerobic microorganisms.

Prescription of Ceftriaxone

The active prescription of Ceftriaxone is observed in the lists of the following departments: therapy, surgery, urology, pediatrics and even venereology. When is Ceftriaxone used? The most common diseases for which Ceftriaxone is used:

  • Inflammatory processes of ENT organs;
  • Frequent diseases of the respiratory system (bronchitis in acute and chronic conditions, tracheitis, pneumonia);
  • Infections of the skin and soft tissues;
  • Inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system of adults and children (acute and chronic cystitis, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, prostatitis, uncomplicated gonorrhea, gynecological diseases);
  • Infectious processes of the gastrointestinal tract (peritonitis, postoperative conditions on the digestive organs);
  • For osteomyelitis (infectious bone lesions);
  • When carrying salmonella and diseases resulting from its activity;
  • Treatment of syphilis (soft chancre);
  • For infectious neurological diseases (meningitis, Lyme disease);
  • To prevent the development of infectious processes after various surgical interventions.

Why dilute Ceftriaxone?

Since Ceftriaxone is available in powder form, it must be dissolved before administration. The undissolved drug is used only in the form of powder for bedsores, ulcerative skin lesions and long-term non-healing wounds. Why dilute Ceftriaxone in patients? This only happens in cases of treatment at home. Sometimes sick people refuse medical care and make intramuscular injections on their own with the help of relatives or close people.

To dilute the drug at home, you must first of all have aseptic conditions. You should also stock up on antiseptics and ask your doctor how to dilute Ceftriaxone yourself. Intramuscular administration of antibiotics is a rather painful procedure, so a 1% solution of lidocaine or 50% novocaine is used to dilute them. These drugs significantly reduce the pain of the injection, but sometimes cause complex allergic reactions.

Therefore, before administration, you should test for an allergic reaction to both the antibiotic and the anesthetic. To do this, use an insulin syringe to inject a minimum dose of the drug diluted with water for injection onto the wrist. If after 20 minutes no changes appear at the injection site, the drug can be administered.

Dilution of Ceftriaxone for intramuscular use

Provided that the patient does not have allergic reactions to the antibiotic or the solvent, the drug can be administered. If lidocaine was chosen to reduce pain, then you should draw 2 ml of a 2% solution into a syringe (as a rule, this is a whole ampoule) and add 3 ml of water for injection. This is done to thoroughly dilute Ceftriaxone, since lidocaine is a poor solvent and a fairly strong local anesthetic. Using scissors, open the metal cap on the bottle. Treat the rubber stopper with an alcohol solution before inserting the needle. Shake the bottle thoroughly until completely dissolved. The prepared solution of Ceftriaxone for intramuscular use is drawn back into the syringe.

Dilution table for Ceftriaxone with lidocaine 2% for intramuscular injection

To carry out an intramuscular injection of Ceftriaxone solution, use a syringe with two needles, or 2 syringes. Before carrying out the manipulation, the needle should be replaced with a new one. After puncturing the rubber, the old one has become significantly dull, and this can cause additional pain and bruising. For children under 1 year of age, Ceftriaxone is diluted only with water for injection or sodium chloride solution.

Ceftriaxone is administered intramuscularly slowly and deeply. The antibiotic can only be injected into the upper outer quadrant (gluteus muscle). Lumps may form at the injection site. To prevent them, you can make an iodine grid.

Dilution of Ceftriaxone for intravenous use

Most often, when diluting Ceftriaxone for intravenous administration, a 0.09 sodium chloride solution is used. If the dosage does not exceed 1g, then the drug is administered slowly in a stream. In other cases, the solution is administered by dropper over 30 minutes using 100 ml of sodium chloride solution.

Ceftriaxone is administered intravenously only in a medical office setting. If the patient insists on treatment at home, then the help of a qualified healthcare professional is required. Ceftriaxone solution for intravenous use should be used immediately after dilution. The drug administered intravenously enters the bloodstream much faster, and accordingly its effectiveness is much higher. In addition, patients experience less unpleasant painful sensations.

Contraindications and individual intolerance to Ceftriaxone

In most cases, Ceftriaxone is tolerated without negative consequences. In some cases, rare reactions occur. Allergic reactions can almost always be avoided because a sensitivity test is performed before starting antibiotic treatment.

Before starting treatment, you should read the contraindications to the use of Ceftriaxone:

  1. Hypersensitivity to antibiotics from the cephalosporin group (if the patient has had reactions to drugs of the penicillin group, then the likelihood of a cross-allergic reaction to Ceftriaxone increases).
  2. Premature children (before prescribing the drug, the pediatrician takes into account the need for such therapy by first calculating the gestational age and age after birth).
  3. Increased levels of bilirubin in the blood in premature and newborn babies. This is due to the property of Ceftriaxone to displace the bilirubin molecule from its connection with blood plasma albumin. This condition can provoke the development of encephalopathy.
  4. Treatment with Ceftriaxone is prohibited in the first trimester of pregnancy since it is during this period that there is the greatest risk of mutations.
  5. Breastfeeding period - since the drug is infiltrated into breast milk. During this period, feeding should be postponed until the end of treatment.
  6. Hepatic-renal failure is a contraindication to treatment with Ceftriaxone. If, for medical reasons, the doctor is forced to prescribe this drug, you should monitor the indicators of the functional state of the kidneys and liver.

If the patient is on hemodialysis, then the concentration of Ceftriaxone in plasma should be regularly determined. Intolerance to Ceftriaxone may occur due to the characteristics of the body. Most often, the cause is genetic characteristics or a history of long-term antibiotic therapy.

Have you used Ceftriaxone or managed with other drugs?

Source: http://countrel.ru/zdorovie/antibiotik-ceftriakson-naznachenie-primenenie-kak-pravilno-razvodit-v-domashnix-usloviyax/

Ceftriaxone injections - instructions, analogues and reviews

Ceftriaxone is a bactericidal antibiotic belonging to the class of 3rd generation cephalosporins. The drug is characterized by a prolonged action and high efficiency against most gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens, including strains that secrete penicillinases and cephalosporinases.

Swiss Ceftriaxone produced by the pharmaceutical company Hoffmann La Roche costs about 550 rubles per ampoule.

Ceftriaxone instructions for use of injections

The antibiotic has powerful bactericidal activity and an ultra-wide spectrum of antimicrobial effects. The mechanism of the antibacterial action of Ceftriaxone is realized through the active acetylation of membrane-bound transpeptidases, leading to destabilization of the cross-linking of supporting polymers in the bacterial cell. Violation of the membrane strength leads to rapid cell death.

The active substance, Ceftriaxone, easily penetrates into body fluids and media and accumulates significantly in inflamed tissues. With inflammation of the meninges, the antibiotic can accumulate in the cerebrospinal fluid.

It should be noted that the drug is able to overcome the placental barrier, therefore Ceftriaxone is not recommended to be administered during pregnancy in the 1st trimester. During lactation, up to four percent of the antibiotic concentration in the blood can be excreted in breast milk.

The required bactericidal indicators in the blood are achieved 1.5 hours after administration. Since the drug has a prolonged effect, the minimum antimicrobial concentration in the body is maintained in the blood throughout the day, which allows it to be administered once a day. However, in case of severe infection or a high risk of complications, it is preferable to divide the daily dose into 2 administrations. This allows you to maintain higher bactericidal concentrations. Also, the daily dose should be divided into 2 times when prescribing high doses of Ceftriaxone.

In patients over seventy-five years of age, the elimination period of the antibiotic is prolonged due to age-related decline in renal function. In this regard, adjustment of the prescribed dose may be required. It is preferable to administer the daily dose to such patients at one time.

This medication is eliminated from the body primarily through urine. Part of the drug is disposed of along with bile.

Ceftriaxone - release form

The antibiotic is sold in pharmacies with a doctor's prescription.

The group of ceftriaxone antibiotics are third-generation parenteral cephalosporins, that is, the antibiotic can only be used intramuscularly or intravenously. Ceftriaxone is sold in ampoules: 500, 1000 and 2000 mg of antibiotic. Rocephin is available in an additional dosage of 250 mg.

Ceftriaxone recipe in Latin

Ceftriaxone in Latin is Ceftriaxoni.

Rp.: Ceftriaxoni 1.0

S. In the supplied solvent IM, once a day.

Ceftriaxone - composition of the drug

The antibiotic is produced in the form of a sodium salt.

Rofecin – in the form of a disodium derivative (disodium hydrate). Each ampoule of Rofecin is completed with a solvent (lidocaine or injection water).

Ceftriaxone - what does it help with?

The antibiotic has an ultra-wide spectrum of antimicrobial effects, covering staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, citrobacter, most strains of enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Ducray's bacillus, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella, Moraxella, gonococci, meningococci, Proteus, Salmonella, Serracia, Shigella, Yersinia, some Clostri diy and fusobacteria, peptococci, peptostreptococci, white treponema.

Ceftriaxone is absolutely resistant to methicillin-resistant staphylococci, some enterococci, listeria, bacteroides and clostridium deficille.

Ceftriaxone - indications for use

An antibiotic can be used for:

  • bacterial infection of the abdominal cavity (abdominal organs). Ceftriaxone can be prescribed for the treatment of abscess, phlegmon, empyema of the gallbladder, bacterial inflammation of the bile ducts, peritonitis, etc.;
  • infections of ENT organs and respiratory organs. systems (including complicated pneumonia, abscesses of lung tissue, pleural empyema);
  • carriage of salmonella and salmonellosis;
  • typhoid fever;
  • osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, bursitis;
  • bacterial damage to the skin and pancreas, including burns, wounds, erysipelas, furunculosis, etc., complicated by bacterial flora;
  • Lyme disease;
  • infectious pathologies of the genitourinary system (including gonorrhea, chancroid, syphilis);
  • meningitis;
  • endocarditis;
  • generalization of infection (development of sepsis);
  • infections, in patients with immunodeficiency conditions;
  • preventive antibiotic therapy before surgical intervention on the obstructive kidney and pelvic organs.

Ceftriaxone - contraindications

An absolute contraindication to the use of Ceftriaxone is an allergy to the drug or other beta-lactam antibiotics. This is because among all beta-lactams there is a risk of cross-allergic reactions.

Also, the antibiotic is not prescribed in the 1st trimester of pregnancy and women who are breastfeeding.

Considering the mechanism of disposal (urine and bile), the solution can be prescribed for kidney or liver dysfunction, but is not used for combined renal and hepatic failure.

The antibiotic is contraindicated in premature infants less than 41 weeks of age, taking into account gestational age and age after birth. It is also contraindicated in newborns with hyperbillirubinemia.

During antibiotic treatment, it is prohibited to administer calcium solutions intravenously, as there is a risk of the formation of Ceftriaxone Ca salt precipitate.

The drug can be prescribed to children from the first days of life, however, up to two weeks of life, the antibiotic can only be used for health reasons. This is due to the ability of Ceftriaxone to displace bilirubin from its association with serum albumin. This can lead to the development of hyperbilirubinemia and cause kernicterus.

Given partial disposal with bile, the drug is not prescribed to patients with biliary obstruction.

An antibiotic containing lidocaine is not administered to children under 12 years of age.

Also, it must be taken into account that lidocaine is contraindicated in women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, patients with atrioventricular block, HF (heart failure), SVC or Stokes-Adams syndrome, sinus node weakness, complete transverse block, severe bradyarrhythmia or severe decrease in blood pressure.

Ceftriaxone - dosage

Ceftriaxone IV is administered in 10 ml saline. solution 0.9%. The drug must be administered slowly, over two to four minutes.

It is administered intramuscularly with lidocaine, saline. solution, water for injection. It is not recommended to administer more than a gram intramuscularly. Higher dosages are prescribed intravenously.

After 12 years, 1 g medium is administered 1-2 times a day. In severe cases of the disease, a maximum of four grams per day can be administered (in two doses, with an interval of 12 hours).

Babies under 2 weeks of age are prescribed mg/kg per day for 1 administration.

Bacterial meningitis is an indication for prescribing one hundred mg/kg of the drug per day during initial therapy. Subsequently, the dose is reduced.

From 14 days to 12 years mg/kg at knocks. If the child weighs more than 50 kg, adult doses must be prescribed.

For patients with kidney pathologies, the dose is reduced in accordance with the GFR. Impaired liver function is also an indication for reducing the daily dose.

How many times a day should an adult inject Ceftriaxone?

The drug is administered 1-2 times a day. In case of severe infection, the risk of complications, the prescription of high doses of the drug, and also if the patient has an immunodeficiency, it is preferable to divide the daily dose into two administrations.

Ceftriaxone - side effects

The antibiotic is usually well tolerated by patients. However, the risk of developing allergic reactions should be taken into account. They can have varying degrees of severity from redness and rash at the injection site, urticaria, to angioedema or anaphylactic shock.

The risk of anaphylaxis increases when administered with lidocaine. Therefore, when prescribing a medication, a test is required. Also, contraindications and restrictions on the use of lidocaine are taken into account.

It is forbidden to self-prescribe the drug, adjust the dosage and duration of treatment. Therapy should be carried out in a hospital setting, under the supervision of the attending physician.

Other undesirable effects may include dyspeptic reactions, diarrhea, phlebitis at the injection site, dysbacteriosis, thrush, changes in the blood count and biochemical analysis. Coagulation disorders are rare (the antibiotic inhibits the intestinal microflora that synthesizes vitamin K) and, as a rule, is typical for patients receiving antiplatelet therapy.

In rare cases, antibiotic-associated diarrhea may develop.

Ceftriaxone during pregnancy and breastfeeding

The antibiotic is able to cross the placental barrier, but does not have embryotoxic or teratogenic effects. Ceftriaxone during pregnancy is not recommended for administration in the first trimester, since there is insufficient data on the safety of its use in this category of patients. Controlled animal studies have not shown toxic effects on the fetus, so antibiotics can be used in the 2nd and 3rd trimester.

During lactation, ceftriaxone can be excreted in breast milk, therefore, when prescribing it to breastfeeding women, a temporary cessation of breastfeeding is recommended. This is due to the fact that the antibiotic released in breast milk can cause sensitization of the baby, the development of oral thrush and intestinal dysbiosis.

Ceftriaxone and alcohol - compatibility

Ceftriaxone and alcohol are absolutely incompatible. Firstly, given that the solution is partially utilized by the liver, such a combination can lead to the development of jaundice and drug-induced hepatitis.

Secondly, drinking alcohol during antibiotic therapy can cause severe intoxication and toxic kidney damage.

Thirdly, this can lead to the development of a severe disulfiram-like reaction. It can manifest itself as tachycardia, chills, tremors of the limbs, convulsions, cardiac arrhythmias, arterial hypotension, even collapse.

Allergy to Ceftriaxone

Ceftriaxone is not prescribed to patients with allergies to other beta-lactams, due to the high risk of cross-allergic reactions.

Also, before administration it is always necessary to perform a test.

Allergic manifestations can vary from urticaria to anaphylaxis (in the absence of timely medical care, death is possible).

Deaths from the use of the antibiotic have been associated with its administration with lidocaine. Considering the risk of anaphylactic shock, independent use of antibiotics is strictly prohibited. The drug should be used exclusively in a hospital setting, after testing.

Ceftriaxone with lidocaine is not prescribed to children under 12 years of age.

Analogs

  • Emsef;
  • Loraxone;
  • Lendatsin;
  • Rocephin;
  • Terzef;
  • Medakson.

How to dilute ceftriaxone with lidocaine and water for injection

The prepared solution can be stored for up to six hours, and administered 1-2 times a day, that is, at intervals of 24 or 12 hours. In this regard, the drug needs to be diluted only once, immediately before use.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone for intramuscular injection?

For intramuscular use, the antibiotic is diluted with lidocaine or injection water.

The drug diluted with lidocaine is administered only intramuscularly; intravenous use is strictly contraindicated.

When prescribed intramuscularly, 250 or 500 mg of the solution is diluted in two ml of 1% lidocaine. One gram of antibiotic is diluted with 3.5 milliliters of one percent lidocaine.

If 2% lidocaine is used, injection water should also be used. When administering 250 and 500 ml of antibiotic, it is diluted with 1 ml of lidocaine (2%) and 1 ml of water for injection. One gram of antibiotic is diluted with 1.8 ml lidocaine + 1.8 ml injection water.

Can ceftriaxone be diluted with novocaine?

Recent studies have shown that novocaine is not recommended for administration with Ceftriaxone. Its use carries a risk of anaphylaxis. It also reduces the activity of cephalosporin and relieves pain worse than lidocaine.

Ceftriaxone injections - reviews from doctors

The medicine has repeatedly proven its effectiveness in the treatment of infections of the ENT and respiratory organs. system, infections of the acute respiratory disease, skin, etc.

However, it must be remembered that the product should be used only as directed and under the supervision of a physician. This will reduce the risk of developing unwanted effects.

Patients prescribed Ceftriaxone report rapid and sustained improvement. Negative reviews of the drug are most often associated with its pain when administered intramuscularly.

The article was prepared by an infectious disease doctor

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List of over-the-counter antibiotics + reasons for banning their free circulation

In the forties of the last century, humanity received powerful weapons against many deadly infections. Antibiotics were sold without prescriptions and allowed

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Ceftriaxone

Description current as of 07/21/2015

  • Latin name: Ceftriaxone
  • ATX code: J01DD04
  • Active ingredient: Ceftriaxone
  • Manufacturer: JSC Pharmaceutical Company Darnitsa (Ukraine), Shreya Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd. (India), JSC LECCO (Russia)

Compound

The drug contains ceftriaxone, an antibiotic from the class of cephalosporins (β-lactam antibiotics whose chemical structure is based on 7-ACA).

What is Ceftriaxone?

According to Wikipedia, ceftriaxone is an antibiotic whose bactericidal effect is due to its ability to disrupt the synthesis of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls.

The substance is a slightly hygroscopic, finely crystalline powder of yellowish or white color. One bottle of the drug contains 0.25, 0.5, 1 or 2 grams of sterile sodium salt of ceftriaxone.

Release form

Powder 0.25/0.5/1/2 g for preparation:

Ceftriaxone is not available in tablets or syrup.

pharmachologic effect

Bactericidal. A third-generation drug from the “Cephalosporins” group of antibiotics.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

A universal antibacterial agent, the mechanism of action of which is determined by the ability to suppress the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. The drug exhibits greater resistance to most β-lactamases of Gram (+) and Gram (-) microorganisms.

Active regarding:

  • Gram (+) aerobes - St. aureus (including penicillinase-producing strains) and Epidermidis, Streptococcus (pneumoniae, pyogenes, viridans group);
  • Gram (-) aerobes - Enterobacter aerogenes and cloacae, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Haemophilus influenzae (including penicillinase-producing strains) and parainfluenzae, Borrelia burgdorferi, Klebsiella spp. (including pneumoniae), Escherichia coli, Moraxella catarrhalis and diplococci of the genus Neisseria (including penicillinase-producing strains), Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris and Proteus mirabilis, Neisseria meningitidis, Serratia spp., some strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
  • anaerobes - Clostridium spp. (exception: Clostridium difficile), Bacteroides fragilis, Peptostreptococcus spp..

In vitro (clinical significance remains unknown) activity is observed against strains of the following bacteria: Citrobacter diversus and freundii, Salmonella spp. (including against Salmonella typhi), Providencia spp. (including in relation to Providencia rettgeri), Shigella spp.; Bacteroides bivius, Streptococcus agalactiae, Bacteroides melaninogenicus.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus, many strains of Enterococcus (including Str. faecalis) and group D Streptococcus are resistant to cephalosporin antibiotics (including ceftriaxone).

  • bioavailability - 100%;
  • T Cmax when Ceftriaxone is administered intravenously - at the end of the infusion, when administered intramuscularly;
  • connection with plasma proteins - from 83 to 96%;
  • T1/2 with intramuscular administration - from 5.8 to 8.7 hours, with intravenous administration - from 4.3 to 15.7 hours (depending on the disease, the patient’s age and the condition of his kidneys).

In adults, the concentration of ceftriaxone in the cerebrospinal fluid when administered 50 mg/kg after 2-24 hours is many times higher than the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) for the most common pathogens of meningococcal infection. The drug penetrates well into the cerebrospinal fluid during inflammation of the meninges.

Ceftriaxone is excreted unchanged:

  • kidneys - by 33-67% (in newborn babies this figure is 70%);
  • with bile into the intestines (where the drug is inactivated) - by 40-50%.

Indications for use of Ceftriaxone

The annotation states that the indications for the use of Ceftriaxone are infections caused by bacteria sensitive to the drug. Intravenous infusions and injections of medications are prescribed to treat:

The drug is also used for perioperative prophylaxis and for the treatment of immunocompromised patients.

What is Ceftriaxone used for for syphilis?

Although penicillin is the drug of choice for various forms of syphilis, its effectiveness may be limited in some cases.

The use of cephalosporin antibiotics is resorted to as a backup option in case of intolerance to drugs of the penicillin group.

The valuable properties of the drug are:

  • the presence in its composition of chemical substances that have the ability to suppress the formation of cell membranes and mucopeptide synthesis in the walls of bacterial cells;
  • the ability to quickly penetrate organs, fluids and tissues of the body and, in particular, into the cerebrospinal fluid, which in patients with syphilis undergoes many specific changes;
  • Possibility of use for the treatment of pregnant women.

The medicine is most effective in cases where the causative agent of the disease is Treponema pallidum, since the distinctive feature of Ceftriaxone is its high treponemocidal activity. The positive effect is especially pronounced with intramuscular administration of the drug.

Treatment of syphilis with the use of the drug gives good results not only in the early stages of the disease, but also in advanced cases: with neurosyphilis, as well as with secondary and latent syphilis.

Since T1/2 of Ceftriaxone is approximately 8 hours, the drug can be used equally successfully in both inpatient and outpatient treatment regimens. It is enough to administer the drug to the patient once a day.

For preventive treatment, the drug is administered over 5 days, for primary syphilis - a 10-day course, early latent and secondary syphilis are treated within 3 weeks.

For non-advanced forms of neurosyphilis, the patient is administered a single dose of 1-2 g of Ceftriaxone for 20 days; in the later stages of the disease, the drug is administered at a dose of 1 g/day. for 3 weeks, after which an interval of 14 days is maintained and treatment with a similar dosage is carried out for 10 days.

For acute generalized meningitis and syphilitic meningoencephalitis, the dose is increased to 5 g/day.

Ceftriaxone injections: why is the drug prescribed for angina in adults and children?

Despite the fact that the antibiotic is effective for various lesions of the nasopharynx (including sore throat and sinusitis), it is, as a rule, rarely used as a drug of choice, especially in pediatrics.

For angina, the medicine can be administered through a dropper into a vein or in the form of regular injections into the muscle. However, in the vast majority of cases, the patient is prescribed intramuscular injections. The solution is prepared immediately before use. The finished mixture remains stable at room temperature for 6 hours after preparation.

For children with angina, Ceftriaxone is prescribed in exceptional cases when acute angina is complicated by severe suppuration and inflammation.

The appropriate dosage is determined by the attending physician.

During pregnancy, the drug is prescribed in cases where penicillin antibiotics are not effective. Although the medicine crosses the placental barrier, it does not have a significant effect on the health and development of the fetus.

Treatment of sinusitis with Ceftriaxone

For sinusitis, antibacterial agents are first-line drugs. Completely penetrating the blood, Ceftriaxone is retained at the site of inflammation in the required concentrations.

As a rule, the medicine is prescribed in combination with mucolytics, vasoconstrictors, etc.

How to inject the drug for sinusitis? Typically, the patient is prescribed Ceftriaxone to be injected into the muscle twice a day, 0.5-1 g. Before injection, the powder is mixed with Lidocaine (it is preferable to use a one percent solution) or d/i water.

Treatment lasts at least 1 week.

Contraindications

Ceftriaxone is not prescribed in case of known hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics or auxiliary components of the drug.

Side effects of Ceftriaxone

Side effects of the drug appear as:

If the medicine is administered intravenously, inflammation of the venous wall, as well as pain along the vein, is possible. The injection of the drug into the muscle is accompanied by pain at the injection site.

Ceftriaxone (injections and IV infusion) may also affect laboratory parameters. The patient's prothrombin time decreases (or increases), the activity of alkaline phosphatase and liver transaminases increases, as well as the concentration of urea, hypercreatininemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and glycosuria develop.

Reviews of the side effects of Ceftriaxone allow us to conclude that with intramuscular administration of the drug, almost 100% of patients complain of severe pain from the injection, some report muscle pain, dizziness, chills, weakness, itching and rash.

The injections are easiest to tolerate if you dilute the powder with an anesthetic. In this case, it is necessary to do a test both for the drug itself and for the painkiller.

Instructions for use of Ceftriaxone. How to dilute Ceftriaxone for injection?

The manufacturer's instructions and the Vidal reference book indicate that the drug can be injected into a vein or into a muscle.

Dosage for adults and children over 12 years of age/day. The antibiotic is administered once or once every 12 hours at half the dose.

In particularly serious cases, as well as if the infection is caused by a pathogen moderately sensitive to Ceftriaxone, the dose is increased to 4 g/day.

For gonorrhea, a single injection of 250 mg of the drug into the muscle is recommended.

For preventive purposes, before an infected or suspected infected operation, depending on the degree of danger of infectious complications, the patient should be administered a single dose of 1-2 g of Ceftriaxone 0.5-1.5 hours before surgery.

For children in the first 2 weeks of life, the medicine is administered 1 time per day. The dose is calculated using the formula mg/kg/day. The highest dose is 50 mg/kg (which is due to the underdevelopment of the enzyme system).

The optimal dosage for children under 12 years of age (including infants) is also selected depending on weight. The daily dose varies from 20 to 75 mg/kg. For children weighing more than 50 kg, Ceftriaxone is prescribed in the same dose as for adults.

Doses greater than 50 mg/kg should be administered as an intravenous infusion over at least 30 minutes.

For bacterial meningitis, treatment begins with a single dose of 100 mg/kg/day. The highest dose is 4 g. As soon as the pathogen is isolated and its sensitivity to the drug is determined, the dose is reduced.

Reviews about the drug (in particular, about its use in children) allow us to conclude that the drug is very effective and affordable, but its significant drawback is severe pain at the injection site. As for side effects, according to the patients themselves, there are no more of them than with any other antibiotic.

How many days to inject the drug?

The duration of treatment depends on what pathogenic microflora causes the disease, as well as on the characteristics of the clinical picture. If the causative agent is Gram (-) diplococci of the genus Neisseria, the best results can be achieved in 4 days, if enterobacteria are sensitive to the drug - posterior.

Ceftriaxone injections: instructions for use. How to dilute the drug?

To dilute the antibiotic, use Lidocaine solution (1 or 2%) or water for injection (d/i).

When using water d/i, it should be taken into account that intramuscular injections of the drug are very painful, so if the solvent is water, there will be discomfort both during the injection and for some time after it.

Water for diluting the powder is usually taken in cases where the use of Lidocaine is impossible due to the patient being allergic to it.

The best option is a one percent solution of Lidocaine. It is better to use water as an adjuvant when diluting the drug with Lidocaine 2%.

Is it possible to dilute Novocaine with Ceftriaxone?

Novocaine, when used to dilute the drug, reduces the activity of the antibiotic, while at the same time increasing the likelihood of the patient developing anaphylactic shock.

Based on the reviews of the patients themselves, they note that Lidocaine is better than Novocaine in relieving pain when Ceftriaxone is administered.

In addition, the use of a non-freshly prepared solution of Ceftriaxone with Novocaine increases pain during injection (the solution remains stable for 6 hours after preparation).

How to dilute Ceftriaxone with Novocaine?

If Novocain is used as a solvent, it is taken in a volume of 5 ml per 1 g of the drug. If you take a smaller amount of Novocaine, the powder may not completely dissolve, and the syringe needle will become clogged with lumps of medicine.

Dilution with Lidocaine 1%

For injection into the muscle, 0.5 g of the drug is dissolved in 2 ml of a one percent solution of Lidocaine (the contents of one ampoule); For 1 g of the drug take 3.6 ml of solvent.

The dosage of 0.25 g is diluted in the same way as 0.5 g, that is, with the contents of 1 ampoule of 1% Lidocaine. After this, the finished solution is drawn into different syringes, half the volume in each.

The medicine is injected deep into the gluteal muscle (no more than 1 g in each buttock).

The drug diluted with Lidocaine is not intended for intravenous administration. It is allowed to be injected strictly into the muscle.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone injections with Lidocaine 2%?

To dilute 1 g of the drug, take 1.8 ml of water and two percent Lidocaine. To dilute 0.5 g of the drug, also mix 1.8 ml of Lidocaine with 1.8 ml of water, but only half of the resulting solution (1.8 ml) is used for dissolution. To dilute 0.25 g of the drug, take 0.9 ml of a solvent prepared in a similar way.

Ceftriaxone: how to dilute children for intramuscular administration?

This method of intramuscular injection is practically not used in pediatric practice, since Ceftriaxone with novocaine can cause severe anaphylactic shock in a child, and in combination with lidocaine, it can contribute to the occurrence of convulsions and disruption of the heart.

For this reason, the optimal solvent when using the drug in children is ordinary water. The impossibility of using painkillers in childhood requires an even slower and more careful administration of the medicine in order to reduce pain during the injection.

Dilution for intravenous administration

For intravenous administration, 1 g of the drug is dissolved in 10 ml of distilled water (sterile). The drug is administered slowly over 2-4 minutes.

Dilution for intravenous infusion

When carrying out infusion therapy, the drug is administered for at least half an hour. To prepare a solution, 2 g of powder is diluted in 40 ml of a Ca-free solution: dextrose (5 or 10%), NaCl (0.9%), fructose (5%).

Additionally

Ceftriaxone is intended exclusively for parenteral administration: manufacturers do not produce tablets and suspensions due to the fact that the antibiotic, when in contact with body tissues, is highly active and severely irritates them.

Doses for animals

The dosage for cats and dogs is selected taking into account the body weight of the animal. As a rule, it is mg/kg.

If a 0.5 g bottle is used, 1 ml of two percent Lidocaine and 1 ml of water d/i (or 2 ml of Lidocaine 1%) should be added to it. After vigorously shaking the medicine until the lumps are completely dissolved, it is drawn into a syringe and injected into the muscle or under the skin of the sick animal.

The dosage for a cat (Ceftriaxone 0.5 g is usually used for small animals - cats, kittens, etc.), if the doctor prescribed 40 mg of Ceftriaxone per 1 kg of weight, is 0.16 ml/kg.

For dogs (and other large animals), take bottles of 1 g. The solvent is taken in a volume of 4 ml (2 ml Lidocaine 2% + 2 ml water for injection). For a dog weighing 10 kg, if the dose is 40 mg/kg, you need to administer 1.6 ml of the prepared solution.

If it is necessary to administer Ceftriaxone intravenously through a catheter, sterile distilled water is used for dilution.

Overdose

Signs of a drug overdose are convulsions and central nervous system stimulation. Peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis are ineffective in reducing ceftriaxone concentrations. The medicine does not have an antidote.

Interaction

In one volume, it is pharmaceutically incompatible with other antimicrobial agents.

By suppressing intestinal microflora, it prevents the formation of vitamin K in the body. For this reason, using the drug in combination with agents that reduce platelet aggregation (sulfinpyrazone, NSAIDs) can provoke bleeding.

The same feature of Ceftriaxone enhances the effect of anticoagulants when used together.

In combination with loop diuretics, the risk of nephrotoxicity increases.

Terms of sale

A recipe in Latin is required to purchase.

Recipe in Latin (sample):

S. In the supplied solvent. V/m, 1 rub./day.

Storage conditions

Keep away from light. The optimal storage temperature is up to 25°C.

When used without medical supervision, the drug can cause complications, so bottles with powder should be kept out of the reach of children.

Best before date

special instructions

The drug is used in a hospital setting. In patients who are on hemodialysis, as well as with simultaneous severe hepatic and renal failure, plasma concentrations of Ceftriaxone should be kept under control.

With long-term treatment, regular monitoring of the peripheral blood picture and indicators characterizing the function of the kidneys and liver is required.

Sometimes (rarely) an ultrasound of the gallbladder may show shadows that indicate the presence of sediment. The darkening disappears after stopping the course of treatment.

In some cases, it is advisable for weakened sick and elderly patients to prescribe vitamin K in addition to Ceftriaxone.

If there is an imbalance of water and electrolytes, as well as arterial hypertension, the level of sodium in the blood plasma should be monitored. If the treatment is long-term, the patient is advised to undergo a general blood test.

Like other cephalosporins, the drug has the ability to displace bilirubin bound to serum albumin, and therefore it is used with caution in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia (and, in particular, in premature infants).

The drug does not affect the speed of neuromuscular conduction.

Ceftriaxone analogues: what can replace the drug?

Ceftriaxone or Cefazolin - which is better?

Both drugs belong to the “Cephalosporins” group, but Ceftriaxone is a third generation antibiotic, and Cefazolin is a first generation drug.

An important feature of first generation cephalosporin antibiotics is that they are not effective against listeria and enterococci, have a narrow spectrum of action and a low level of activity against Gram (-) bacteria.

Cefazolin is used mainly in surgery for perioperative prophylaxis, as well as for the treatment of soft tissue and skin infections.

Its prescription for the treatment of infections of the genitourinary system and respiratory tract cannot be considered as justified, which is associated with a narrow spectrum of antimicrobial activity and high resistance to it among potential pathogens.

Which is better: Ceftriaxone or Cefotaxime?

Cefotaxime and Ceftriaxone are the basic antimicrobial agents of the third generation cephalosporin group. The drugs are almost identical in their bactericidal properties.

Alcohol compatibility

You should not drink alcohol during treatment with the drug. The combination of “Ceftriaxone + ethanol” can provoke symptoms similar to those of severe poisoning, and in some cases lead to the death of the patient.

Ceftriaxone during pregnancy and breastfeeding

The drug is contraindicated in the first trimester of pregnancy. If it is necessary to prescribe to a nursing woman, the child should be switched to formula.

Reviews of Ceftriaxone during pregnancy confirm that the drug is indeed a very powerful and very effective antibacterial agent that can not only cure the underlying disease, but also prevent the development of its complications.

Considering that the drug (like other antibiotics) has side effects, it is prescribed only in cases where potential complications of the disease could be more harmful than the use of the drug (in particular, for infections of the urogenital tract, to which pregnant women are very susceptible).

Reviews of Ceftriaxone

Ceftriaxone - reviews from doctors confirm this fact - is a potent antibiotic that helps cure the disease in a short time and with a minimum number of side effects. It is allowed to be used for children and during pregnancy (exception - 1st trimester).

According to the patients themselves, the main disadvantage of the drug is that the injections are very painful.

In reviews of Ceftriaxone injections for children, to facilitate the procedure, mothers (on the advice of the attending physician) are recommended to use Emla cream, which is a local anesthetic. It is applied in about half an hour to the intended injection site.

How much does an antibiotic cost in Russian pharmacies?

The price of Ceftriaxone injections varies depending on which company produces it, as well as the number of ampoules in each package and the concentration of the active substance in the vial.

The price of Ceftriaxone in Ukraine is from 6.6 UAH per 0.5 g bottle. However, there is no significant difference between prices in the capital’s pharmacies and pharmacies in other cities (Kharkov, Dnepropetrovsk, Lvov).

The price of Ceftriaxone in Russian pharmacies is from 17 rubles per bottle.

It is impossible to buy Ceftriaxone tablets. The drug is intended exclusively for parenteral administration.

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Cetrin 1 tablet per day and Comfoderm cream. I gave injections to my mother, she also had hives all over her body. But thank God everything went away thanks to these drugs.

I have the same thing: eleven injections with lidocoine and intravenous injection. no pain but with a very swollen face))

I gave myself ceftriaxone once, then vomited worms all night. I highly recommend this miracle.

This is a very scary antibiotic. The EGR should be prescribed and installed with great caution. Correctly written, only in a hospital setting. A woman we know died after one injection. Anaphylactic shock! And the ambulance didn't help. And he was prescribed by an ENT specialist for sinusitis, treatment at home. Horror! The child remained 13 years old. Everything happened in front of my husband and daughter

Can ceftriaxone be used to treat swollen lymph nodes?

Karina, Lidocaine is safer than novocaine due to its chemical structure. The drug belongs to the second generation of analgesics, according to its chemical structure to the group of amides, which provides greater pain relief effectiveness than when using predecessor analgesics (Novocaine). Novocaine belongs to the first generation essential analgesics, so there is a high probability of allergic reactions. Since the breakdown of Novocaine produces para-aminobenzoic acid and its esters in the body, which often cause allergies. Lidocaine has been widely used in clinical practice by doctors for a long time, so there is no doubt about its effectiveness and good tolerability. To avoid side effects of the drug, consult your doctor before use. All the best!

What is the effect of lidocaine? Why is it safer than Novocaine?

Since intramuscular injections cause discomfort at the injection site and unpleasant pain, the optimal choice for dissolving cephalosporin antibiotics is Lidocaine in a 1% concentration of 3.5 ml. This concentration ensures effective dissolution of the antibiotic and a powerful analgesic effect when administered intramuscularly. For comparison, Novocaine has a less pronounced analgesic effect (4 times weaker than Lidocaine), and the frequency of adverse allergic reactions with its use occurs 3 times more often. Lidocaine belongs to the second generation of drugs, so it is more effective and well tolerated. Consult your healthcare practitioner before use. Good health to you!

Not a bad drug, I injected my husband, although he complained very much that the injections were quite painful with it. At first I did it with water for injection, but later I read that this was wrong. To dissolve cephalosporins, including Ceftriaxone, Lidocaine must be used. The optimal dosage is 1% 3.5 ml. The use of Lidocaine is rarely complicated by allergic reactions (3 times less likely than Novocaine), and Lidocaine also has a powerful analgesic effect (4 times more effective than Novocaine). Lidocaine belongs to the second generation of analgesic drugs, therefore it is safer than its predecessors - representatives of the first generation of ether analgesics, such as Novocaine. The drug has long proven itself in the clinical practice of many doctors, so its effectiveness and good tolerability are confirmed by time. Consult your healthcare practitioner before use. All the best!

I liked Ceftriaxone, it quickly got me back on my feet, although the injections were very painful. Since these intramuscular injections cause discomfort at the injection site and unpleasant pain, the optimal choice for dissolving cephalosporin antibiotics is Lidocaine at a 1% concentration of 3.5 ml. This concentration ensures effective dissolution of the antibiotic and a powerful analgesic effect when administered intramuscularly. For comparison, Novocaine has a less pronounced analgesic effect (4 times weaker than Lidocaine), and the frequency of adverse allergic reactions with its use occurs 3 times more often. Lidocaine belongs to the second generation of drugs, so it is more effective and well tolerated. Consult your healthcare practitioner before use. Good health to you!

Regarding Konstantin’s comment, I do not agree with the statement that WHO recommends lidocaine as a solvent for antibiotics. WHO recommends lidocaine as an anesthetic, but nevertheless, lidocaine is also excellent for dissolving cephalosporins, this tactic is time-tested.

Very informative article. thank you. But I have information regarding Lidocaine. The article states that a 2% lidocaine solution can be diluted with water for injection. This is not recommended, since according to the standards of the World Health Organization, the solvent for cephalosporin antibiotics is a 1% solution of lidocaine; it is in this concentration that the optimal result of dissolving the drug is achieved. The WHO has no recommendations regarding Novocaine, and its instructions do not indicate its properties as a solvent for cephalosporin antibiotics. Also, before using Lidocaine, it is necessary to perform an allergy test if the patient is using this drug for the first time. During pregnancy at any stage of gestation and nursing mothers, Lidocaine is also contraindicated, so consult a specialist when using and dissolving antibiotics. Good health to you!

After the next injection, my wife developed spots all over, like hives, severe itching all over her body, after which the skin on her legs turned blue, we are in a panic, what should we do? ? ?

Konstantin: What I liked about the drug Prostanorm: reasonable price, pronounced effect of taking it.

Valentina: I, too, am all about diet and exercise. I hoped for loads, I thought that my healthy lifestyle.

Nina: I was on pills for a year and a half, then somehow everything calmed down. Mostly climatefit.

Elena: With the onset of menopause, the skin completely deteriorated and became dry. I saw a cream for .

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Source: http://medside.ru/tseftriakson