Antibiotic for nebulizer

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Inhalation treatment: drugs, indications and contraindications

Inhalation is considered one of the most effective remedies against various diseases of the respiratory system. This method becomes indispensable in the treatment of bronchitis, sinusitis, ARVI, laryngitis, pharyngitis, tuberculosis and even a simple cold cough.

Table of contents:

Antibiotic drugs for inhalation

There are many types of pharmaceutical medications of different pharmacological groups that are used for inhalation with a nebulizer (drops, anti-inflammatory drugs, expectorants, bronchodilators, immunomodulators, mineral waters). However, special attention should be paid to antibiotic agents.

Few people know that certain antibiotics are also suitable for inhalation with a nebulizer. Antibiotics are substances that can be of natural, animal or microbial origin, used to suppress the activity of harmful microorganisms.

A compressor inhaler will be able to crush the medicine into microparticles of certain sizes and spray them evenly onto the mucous surface of the respiratory tract. Devices of this type are convenient for use at home. Below we give an example of suitable antibiotics for inhalation.

Fluimucil - antibiotic

Fluimucil is considered the most popular medicine that is suitable for a nebulizer. This is an effective combination of two active substances - acetylcysteine ​​and thiamphenicol, which are responsible for expectoration and death of pathogens.

Recommended for use for the following ailments:

Apart from hypersensitivity to individual components of Fluimucil, an antibiotic, no contraindications were found during the use of the drug by patients.

The drug is available in the form of a powder with a solvent included in the kit for preparing a medicinal solution for inhalation. 500 mg of influent is added to the vial of powder.

The resulting medicine must be stored in a cool place (refrigerator) for no longer than 24 hours from the moment of preparation. Children over 12 years of age and adults need to inhale no more than 2 times a day and use 250 mg of solution in a vial. The dosage for children under 12 years of age should not exceed a quarter of a bottle for 1 inhalation (1-2 times a day).

Before use, be sure to warm to room temperature degrees. Possible side effects in case of overdose:

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  • nausea;
  • stomatitis;
  • rashes;
  • rhinorrhea.

In patients with bronchial asthma, bronchospasms are possible.

Furacilin

The drug Furacilin is also suitable for nebulizers. The active ingredient here is Nitrofural, which performs an antimicrobial function, stopping cell proliferation. In addition, it prevents infection from entering areas of the bronchial tree. The drug has activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

For use for inhalation, Furacilin solution must be prepared by dissolving 1 tablet of the drug in special water for injection in a ratio of 1:100 ml without any residue.

Use no more than 4 ml of the resulting medicine 1-2 times a day. There is also a special ready-made solution of Furacilin, which is produced on the basis of ethyl alcohol in a pharmacy upon request. This drug is used for inhalation in a similar dosage.

  • allergic dermatosis;
  • hemorrhages;
  • hypersensitivity to the constituent parts of the drug.

Side effects during inhalation are not observed, however, with an overdose of the drug in another form, dermatitis may occur. Not recommended for use in children under 4 years of age.

Dioxidine

An antibiotic for inhalation, which stands out for its strong antiseptic effect - Dioxidin. The main active ingredient of the drug is hydroxymethylquinoxaline dioxide. It performs an antimicrobial function and can be combined with representatives of different pharmacological groups.

Dioxidin has a negative effect on the growth of bacteria in the body. Due to its aggressive effect on the kidneys and adrenal glands, it is prescribed by doctors when other medications fail.

The drug is prescribed when the cough is a derivative of the following microorganisms:

  • rod-shaped proteobacteria;
  • anaerobic microorganisms;
  • salmonella;
  • spherical or ovoid streptococci;
  • staphylococci.

To prepare the medicine for use using a nebulizer, you need to mix 1% of the drug with sodium chloride (saline) in a ratio of 1:4, and 0.5% - 1:2. Inhalations are done no more than 2 times a day, using 4 ml per session. The use of the drug by pregnant and lactating women is prohibited. The use of Dioxidin without a doctor's prescription is prohibited!

Chlorophyllipt

Chlorophyllipt is a product of plant origin, where the active element is eucalyptus leaf extract.

It has an antimicrobial effect on the body and is most often prescribed for inhalation for the following diseases:

  • pneumonia;
  • bronchitis;
  • staphylococcus in the upper respiratory system;
  • ARVI.

The product is contraindicated only for those who are hypersensitive to its component composition. And during pregnancy, it is possible to use only under the supervision of a physician. Pharmacies sell a specially produced solution for inhalation with a nebulizer.

Unlike other antibiotics, with Chlorophyllipt it is necessary to carry out therapeutic procedures at least 3 times a day for minutes. In the case of children under 12 years old - 2-3 times for 5-7 minutes.

Possible side effects in allergic manifestations are swelling of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, skin rash or swelling of the lips. Before using this natural antibiotic, it is necessary to check the body's reaction to it. This can be done by taking the medicine orally in the form of a 0.25% alcohol solution.

Gentamicin

This is an antibiotic that is a combination of Gentamicin C1, Gentamicin C2 and Gentamicin C1a. In medicine, it is considered a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside, which has the ability to destroy the protein synthesis of microorganisms, which leads to their death. Used against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. But it does not act on diseases that were caused by anaerobes.

Indications for use:

The drug should not be used simultaneously with other antibiotics that have nephrotoxic effects. It is also contraindicated in patients with problems with kidney function, as it may interfere with neuromuscular transmission.

For inhalation, Gentamicin is available in ampoules as a 4% solution. It can be used by children aged 2 years and above. For children under 12 years of age, the optimal dosage is limited to 10 mg of the drug for one session, 2 times a day.

For children over 12 years of age and adults, the maximum dosage is 20 mg per procedure, 1-2 times a day. In order to prepare the drug in the required dosage, you need to mix one ampoule (40 ml) with saline solution in a ratio of 1:6. The drug has the following side effects: nausea, fever, vomiting, headache, drowsiness, hearing loss or dizziness. In case of overdose, neuromuscular conduction is disrupted.

Amikacin

Amikacin sulfate is an antibiotic of semi-synthetic origin that blocks protein synthesis of gram-negative bacteria and promotes their destruction.

For inhalation, doctors prescribe this drug to eliminate the inflammatory process in the respiratory system that occurs as a result of the progression of infectious diseases such as bronchitis or pneumonia. But there are also several contraindications:

  • dysfunction of the vestibular apparatus;
  • acute renal failure;
  • azotemia;
  • myasthenia gravis.

For inhalation, the antibiotic is used only for children over 12 years of age and adults. 500 ml of solution is diluted with 3 ml of saline (0.9%) and done no more than 2 times a day for a week.

In acute cases of pneumonia, doctors recommend taking hormonal medications along with inhalations. The use of this antibiotic must be approached with extreme caution, as it has a number of side effects:

  • frequent vomiting;
  • nausea;
  • failure of renal function;
  • anemia;
  • headache;
  • hearing loss;
  • itching, chills;
  • impairment of motor activity;
  • microhematuria.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding, use is possible, but only according to the indications of the attending physician.

Miramistin

This antibiotic ranks alongside the best drugs used for infectious diseases. The active substance benzyldimethyl destroys fungi, viruses and bacteria.

Miramistin differs from other drugs in its safety for children and pregnant women; inhalation with it is indicated for:

Similar procedures with this remedy are recommended in the initial stages of the disease, otherwise during active progression, treatment with it may not have an effect. Contraindications are limited to individual intolerance to Miromistin.

To prepare the drug, children under 12 years of age need to mix one bottle with saline solution in a 1:2 ratio. For inhalation, 4 ml of the resulting solution is used per procedure up to 3 times a day.

Adults and children over 12 years of age are allowed to use the drug without dilution in a similar dosage - 4 ml per 1 procedure. Side effects may include allergies and a burning sensation, which disappear on their own. Inhalations should not be given to patients who suffer from diseases of the cardiovascular system, cardiac arrhythmia, as well as severe diseases of the respiratory system.

Instructions for inhalation with a nebulizer

To carry out inhalation with a nebulizer, you must follow the instructions:

  1. It is necessary to take a sitting position (sitting only).
  2. The device mask must fit tightly to the face to cover the mouth and nose.
  3. You need to inhale and exhale steam through your nose (but when treating deep areas of the respiratory system, it is recommended to breathe through your mouth).
  4. Breathing should be uniform and calm, without “jerky sighs” (this is how medicinal substances enter the respiratory tract better).
  5. The procedure should continue as long as there is liquid in the inhaler (up to 15 minutes).
  6. If a cough occurs, it is recommended to stop the session in order to clear your throat.
  7. After the procedure, you must rinse your throat and mouth with boiled water.
  8. The device should be rinsed with clean water and dried to prepare it for the next session.

There is also a list of rules that must be followed when carrying out inhalations with any medicinal elements:

  • inhalations should be done no earlier than an hour and a half after eating;
  • After the procedure, it is not recommended to smoke for 1 hour, or stop altogether for the duration of treatment;
  • you cannot be distracted by conversations;
  • During treatment with inhaled antibiotics, expectorants should not be used;
  • After the procedure, it is forbidden to rinse your mouth with antiseptics;
  • do not eat for half an hour after inhalation;
  • in order to fill the medicine into the nebulizer, you need to use only sterile syringes;
  • The device itself must be disinfected at least 2 times a week during the period of active use for treatment;
  • such procedures are carried out no more than 3 times every 24 hours.

Before using any of the antibiotics, consultation with a specialist is necessary. An experienced doctor will be able to determine the individual dosage in a particular case and prescribe other medications that can help achieve a powerful effect in treatment.

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Antibiotic: nebulizer preparations

Benefits of nebulizer inhalation

Nebulizer inhalations are practiced in the treatment of many diseases affecting the respiratory system, including those that have become chronic.

Such procedures have become widespread and in demand because they have the following positive aspects:

  1. Ease of implementation, which allows them to be used at any age, including when treating children.
  2. The ability to carry out inhalations without taking a strong breath, which allows the nebulizer to be used by elderly people or patients who have been diagnosed with bronchial asthma.
  3. Almost complete absence of side effects of the drugs used with optimal dosage selection.
  4. Continuity and high speed of drug supply.
  5. The highest level of safety among all similar procedures.
  6. A high degree of efficiency, which goes well with the absence of discomfort during inhalation.

Instructions for inhalation with a nebulizer

To carry out inhalations using a nebulizer, you should use the following algorithm of actions:

  1. You must first wash your hands thoroughly to eliminate the risk of introducing various infections.
  2. Assemble the inhaler in accordance with the instructions included with it.
  3. The prescribed drug must be brought to room temperature, after which the required volume is poured into a special glass included in the nebulizer device.
  4. The inhaler must be closed, after which a special mask or mouthpiece is connected to it.
  5. The hose is used to connect the inhaler to the compressor.
  6. The compressor is switched to operating mode, after which inhalation is carried out, the average duration is 10 minutes. The procedure may be completed earlier if the medication used runs out.
  7. After completing the inhalation, you need to turn off the compressor and disconnect it from the device, after which it is disassembled.
  8. To maintain hygiene standards, the nebulizer should be thoroughly rinsed; plain water or a 15% baking soda solution can be used for these purposes.

Avoid using any brushes as they can damage the inhaler.

  • Additional treatment of the inhaler can be carried out using a steam sterilizer, which is usually used for baby bottles.

    If it is not available, you can use regular boiling, the duration is about 10 minutes. This procedure must be repeated weekly.

  • It is recommended to store the nebulizer by wrapping it in a towel; this can only be done after it has completely dried.

    • What inhaler medications are used in medicine?

    Antibiotics

    The use of antibiotics using a nebulizer allows you to avoid most side effects.

    The following drugs are usually prescribed:

    1. Fluimucil with the addition of an antibiotic is the most commonly prescribed drug of this type, since it can be used to treat most diseases that affect the upper respiratory tract.

    For use in an inhaler, 5 ml of solvent is added to the solution; no more than half of the resulting volume is taken for one procedure.

  • "Dioxidin" is used in the treatment of many respiratory diseases and complications arising from them.

    Inhalations are practiced in case of damage to the nasopharynx, if the formation of foci of purulent infections is observed.

    To obtain the medicine, you need to dilute 1 ml of the drug in 5 ml of special water for injection. The duration of the procedure and dosage depend on the age of the patient.

    • Mucolytics

    Drugs belonging to this group are used for increased viscosity of sputum, which interferes with its discharge.

    For inhalation, one of the following means can be used:

    1. "ACC", "Fluimucil" and other drugs based on acetylcestine.

    To obtain the finished product, you need to mix the contents of a 3 ml ampoule with the same amount of saline solution.

    The dosage is determined depending on the patient’s age and the severity of the disease.

  • "Ambroxol" or "Lazolvan" allows you to dilute sputum for its accelerated discharge.

    To obtain the product, you need to mix 2 ml of the drug with the same volume of saline solution.

    It can also be used in pediatric practice, but in this case the dosage is halved.

  • Saline solution without adding any drugs or mineral water can also be used for inhalation.

    They allow you to moisturize dry mucous membranes, and also accelerate the regeneration of damaged tissues and stimulate the process of sputum discharge.

    • Antiseptics

    For antiseptic treatment, inhalations using Miramistin are prescribed.

    This drug can be used during pregnancy and to treat children of any age; it demonstrates the greatest effectiveness for lesions of the upper respiratory tract. The duration of the procedure is from 5 to 15 minutes.

    Immunomodulators

    Inhaled immunomodulators are used in the treatment of respiratory diseases of viral origin; they can also be used for preventive purposes.

    Among the most effective drugs are:

    1. Interferon is available in powder form; the drug can usually be diluted with boiled water. The dosage for one procedure is about 2 ml. This product can be used in pediatric practice.
    2. "Derinat" can be used in the treatment of viral diseases of the respiratory system in children and adults. The dosage is 2 ml, no need to dilute the drug.

    Anti-inflammatory hormonal drugs

    Inhaled glucocorticosteroids are used only for the most severe cases of the disease. The drug Pulmicort, based on budesonide, is usually prescribed, which is used to treat bronchial asthma or difficulty breathing.

    Vasoconstrictor drugs

    Vasoconstrictor medications relieve symptoms of acute rhinitis and also reduce the risk of nosebleeds.

    The following agents are usually used for inhalation:

    1. "Adrenaline" does not require prior dilution with saline; the dosage is 0.25 ml or 0.5 ml depending on the age of the patient.
    2. "Naphthyzin" is available in the form of a solution with a concentration of 0.05% or 0.1%; The drug must first be diluted with saline solution. The dosage for one procedure is 3 ml.

    Antitussives

    Inhalations are usually prescribed for severe attacks of dry cough, when there is no sputum discharge.

    The main drugs that can help in such a situation are:

    1. “Tussamag” requires preliminary dilution with saline solution, the concentration is determined depending on the age of the patient. The maximum permissible dosage for one procedure is 4 ml.
    2. Lidocaine does not require additional dilution. For children over 12 years of age, the dosage is 2 ml, at an earlier age - 1 ml.

    Antibiotics for nebulizers

    Special attention should be paid to antibiotics for nebulizers; they can only be prescribed by the attending physician after diagnosis.

    The following drugs are suitable for inhalation:

    1. "Fluimucil" is a complex drug that allows you to simultaneously administer an antibiotic and stimulate the discharge of sputum.

    Available in powder form, the package also includes a solvent for preparing the solution.

  • "Amikacin" is a broad-spectrum antibiotic; it relieves all existing inflammation and eliminates infections.
  • "Miramistin" is a universal drug with a wide spectrum of action, it has an antiseptic effect and gets rid of infection, and also demonstrates a high degree of effectiveness in purulent inflammation.
  • “Chlorophyllipt” is produced in the form of an alcohol solution based on an extract from eucalyptus, which allows it to have an antiseptic effect and effectively eliminate existing infections.
  • "Furacilin" is an antibiotic based on nitrofural, effective in eliminating infections that have penetrated deep into the respiratory tract.
  • "Gentamicin" is available in the form of a 4% solution, which can be used to treat children over 12 years of age.
  • "Dioxidin" is intended for disinfection of the respiratory tract; the antibiotic has a wide spectrum of action.

    It is necessary to study the drug carefully before purchasing, as the concentration may vary.

    • Sequence of medication use for the inhaler

    Sometimes specialists prescribe a number of pharmacological drugs for inhalation; in this case, it is important to follow a certain scheme for their use.

    It consists of the following sequence:

    1. Drugs aimed at reducing bronchospasms.
    2. Drugs belonging to the group of mucolytics.
    3. Means for disinfection or removal of residual inflammation.

    Contraindications for inhalations

    Despite a number of positive aspects and high efficiency, the use of nebulizers has contraindications, which are as follows:

    1. Intolerance or allergic reaction to the prescribed drug.
    2. Acute heart failure.
    3. Tuberculosis and any lesions of the respiratory system that are accompanied by pulmonary hemorrhage.
    4. Increased body temperature.
    5. Rehabilitation period after a stroke or heart attack.

    Source: http://stopzaraza.com/lechenie/antibiotiki-dlya-nebulajzera.html

    Solutions for inhalers (nebulizers)

    Nowadays, nebulizers are very popular among doctors and mothers in the treatment of respiratory diseases, diseases of the nasopharynx and oral cavity. Unlike steam inhalers, this device sprays the medicine into small particles, visually it looks like steam or fog. Therefore, when using a nebulizer, there is no chance of getting burned, and the medicine sprayed by the device is easily inhaled. Depending on the desired effect, completely different combinations of drugs can be used in the nebulizer. Before using them, ALWAYS consult your doctor. In this article we will talk about the most popular and effective nebulizer solutions.

    Drugs that dilate the bronchi (Bronchodilators)

    Active ingredient: fenoterol and ipratropium bromide (solution for inhalation) – Prevention and treatment of suffocation in chronic obstructive respiratory diseases. The most effective of bronchodilators, has the least side effects.

    Adults and children over 12 years old – 2 ml (40 drops) of the drug per 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day

    Children from 6 to 12 years old – 1 ml (20 drops) of the drug per 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day

    Children under 6 years old – 0.5 ml (10 drops) of the drug per 1 inhalation, up to 3 times a day

    To prepare an inhalation solution, add 3 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

    Active ingredient: fenoterol (0.1% solution for inhalation)

    Dosage for relieving an attack of bronchial asthma:

    Adults and children over 12 years old – 0.5 ml (0.5 mg – 10 drops), in severe cases – 1 ml (1 mg – 20 drops)

    Children 6–12 years old (body weight 22–36 kg) – 0.25-0.5 ml (0.25-0.5 mg – 5-10 drops), in severe cases – 1 ml (1 mg – 20 drops) )

    Dosage for the prevention and symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:

    Adults and children over 6 years old – 0.5 ml (0.5 mg – 10 drops) per 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day

    Children under 6 years old (body weight less than 22 kg) – 0.25-1 ml (0.25-1 mg – 5-20 drops), up to 3 times a day

    The recommended dose is diluted with saline immediately before use to a volume of 3–4 ml. The interval between inhalations should not be less than 4 hours.

    Active ingredient: salbutamol (0.1% solution for inhalation) – Relief of asthma attacks, prevention and symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The effect is significantly inferior to Berotek

    Adults and children – 2.5 ml (2.5 mg) per 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day with an interval between inhalations of at least 6 hours

    Intended for use undiluted

    Active ingredient: ipratropium bromide (0.025% solution for inhalation) – Relief of asthma attacks, prevention and symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The effect is somewhat inferior to Berotek and salbutamol preparations, but the main advantage is the safety of use

    Adults and children over 12 years old – 0.5 mg (40 drops) per 1 inhalation, 3–4 times a day

    Children 6–12 years old – 0.25 mg (20 drops) per 1 inhalation, 3–4 times a day

    Children under 6 years of age – 0.1–0.25 mg (8-20 drops) per 1 inhalation, 3–4 times a day (under medical supervision).

    The recommended dose is diluted with saline immediately before use to a volume of 3–4 ml. The interval between inhalations is at least 2 hours

    Drugs that thin sputum (Mucolytics) and remove phlegm (Secretolytics, expectorants)

    Active ingredient: acetylcysteine ​​(10% solution for injection) – Impairing the discharge of sputum from the lower respiratory tract, facilitating the discharge of mucous secretions in the upper respiratory tract

    Adults and children over 12 years old – 3 ml of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

    Children from 6 to 12 years old – 2 ml of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

    Children from 2 to 6 years old – 1-2 ml of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

    The recommended dose of the drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:1

    Course of treatment – ​​no more than 10 days

    Acetylcysteine ​​preparations should not be used simultaneously with antibiotics, because they reduce the absorption of antibiotics. In cases where simultaneous administration of acetylcysteine ​​and an antibiotic is required, either another form of the drug is used: “Fluimucil-antibiotic”, or other mucolytic drugs compatible with antibiotics are used (for example, based on ambroxol). It should be noted that the use of acetylcysteine ​​preparations reduces the toxic effect of paracetamol on the liver.

    Active ingredient: ambroxol (solution for inhalation and oral administration) – Acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory tract with the release of viscous sputum

    Adults and children over 6 years old – 2-3 ml of solution per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

    Children from 2 to 6 years old – 2 ml of solution per 1 inhalation 1-2 times a day

    Children under 2 years old – 1 ml of solution per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

    To prepare an inhalation solution, the recommended dose of the drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:1

    Course of treatment – ​​no more than 5 days

    Drugs based on amboxol should not be used simultaneously with antitussive drugs (for example: codeine, libexin, falimint, broncholitin, pectussin, sinekod, etc.). The use of ambroxol preparations promotes good absorption of antibiotics.

    Narzan, Borjomi (slightly alkaline mineral waters)

    Moisturizing the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract

    For 1 inhalation use 3-4 ml of mineral water, 2-4 times a day.

    Before inhalation, mineral water should be left to degas.

    Homeopathic herbal medicine (drops based on plant extracts: gentian root, sorrel, primrose, elderberry, verbena) – Restores the protective properties and reduces swelling of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract in acute and chronic sinusitis. Promotes the outflow of exudate from the paranasal sinuses

    To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline solution:

    For adults and children over 16 years of age - in a ratio of 1:1 (per 1 ml of drug 1 ml of saline solution)

    For children from 6 to 16 years old - in a ratio of 1:2 (2 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

    For children from 2 to 6 years old - in a ratio of 1:3 (3 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

    For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

    Cough medicine, herbal medicine (powder (for children and adults)

    To prepare a solution based on plant extracts: anise, licorice root, marshmallow root, thermopsis) – Respiratory tract diseases accompanied by cough, especially with difficulty in sputum discharge

    To prepare an inhalation solution, the contents of 1 package should be dissolved in 15 ml of saline until completely dissolved without sediment.

    For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

    Mucaltin, herbal medicine (tablets based on marshmallow root extract)

    Expectorant for diseases of the respiratory tract and lungs

    To prepare an inhalation solution, dissolve 1 tablet in 80 ml of saline until completely dissolved without sediment.

    For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

    Pertussin, herbal medicine (solution based on plant extract: thyme, thyme)

    Expectorant for tracheitis, bronchitis, whooping cough

    To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline solution:

    For adults and children over 12 years old - in a ratio of 1:1 (per 1 ml of drug 1 ml of saline solution)

    For children under 12 years of age - in a ratio of 1:2 (2 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

    For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

    Anti-inflammatory drugs

    Herbal medicine (alcohol infusion of plant extracts: calendula, chamomile, yarrow) – Acute inflammatory diseases of the upper and middle respiratory tract

    The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline in a ratio of 1:40 (1 ml of the drug per 40 ml of saline)

    For 1 inhalation, use 4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

    Propolis, herbal medicine (tincture)

    Inflammatory processes, pain and injuries of the upper and middle respiratory tract

    The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline in a ratio of 1:20 (1 ml of the drug per 20 ml of saline)

    For 1 inhalation, use 3 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

    Contraindications – allergies to bee products

    Eucalyptus, herbal medicine (alcohol tincture)

    Inflammatory diseases of the upper and middle respiratory tract

    The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting drops of the drug in 200 ml of saline solution

    For 1 inhalation use 3 ml of the resulting solution, 3-4 times a day

    Contraindications – bronchial asthma, bronchospasm (suffocation)

    Dietary supplement (alcohol tincture based on minerals and plant extracts) – Acute inflammatory diseases and pain of the upper and middle respiratory tract

    The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline solution in a ratio of 1:30 (1 ml of the drug per 30 ml of saline solution)

    For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

    Homeopathic herbal medicine (drops based on plant extracts: marshmallow root, walnut leaves, horsetail, chamomile, yarrow, oak bark, dandelion) Acute and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract (tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis)

    To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline solution:

    For adults and children over 7 years old - in a ratio of 1:1 (per 1 ml of the drug 1 ml of saline solution)

    For children from 1 to 7 years old - in a ratio of 1:2 (2 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

    For children under 1 year - in a ratio of 1:3 (3 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

    For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

    Calendula, herbal medicine (alcohol infusion of calendula extract)

    Acute inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

    The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline in a ratio of 1:40 (1 ml of the drug per 40 ml of saline)

    For 1 inhalation use 4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day

    Anti-inflammatory hormonal drugs (Glucocorticosteroids) and antiallergic drugs (Antihistamines)

    Active ingredient: budesonide (suspension for inhalation, available in “child” (0.25 mg/ml) and “adult” (0.5 mg/ml) dosages) – Acute inflammatory diseases of the lower respiratory tract (bronchial asthma, chronic lung disease ), requiring treatment with hormonal drugs. Has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects.

    Adults/elderly and children over 12 years of age – 1 mg per 1 inhalation, 1-3 times a day

    Children from 6 months. and up to 12 years – 0.25 mg per 1 inhalation, 1-3 times a day

    This drug is not used in ultrasonic nebulizers. If a single dose of the drug is less than 2 ml, then saline solution should be added to increase the volume of the inhaled solution to 2 ml. In other cases, the drug is inhaled in its pure form (without dilution in saline).

    Daily dose of the drug:

    0.25 mg/ml – 1 ml 0.25 mg/ml

    0.5 mg/ml – 2 ml 0.25 mg/ml

    0.75 mg/ml – 3 ml 0.25 mg/ml

    1 mg/ml – 4 ml of 0.25 ml/mg or 2 ml of 0.5 mg/ml

    1.5 mg/ml – 3 ml 0.5 mg/ml

    2 mg/ml – 4 ml 0.5 mg/ml

    (0.4% solution for injection, 4 mg/ml) – Acute inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract requiring treatment with hormonal drugs

    For 1 inhalation, use 0.5 ml (2 mg) of the drug, up to 4 times a day.

    The course of treatment is no more than 7 days

    To prepare an inhalation solution, 3 ml of saline solution should be added to the recommended dose of the drug.

    You can also pre-dilute ampoules with the drug in saline solution in a ratio of 1:6 (6 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhale 3-4 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

    Active ingredient: cromoglycic acid (inhalation solution, 20 mg / 2 ml) – Has anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic effects.

    For adults and children over 2 years of age, inhale the contents of 1 bottle (without dilution with saline) 4 times a day, if possible, at equal time intervals.

    If necessary, the recommended dose can be increased by 2 times, and the frequency of use can be increased up to 6 times.

    Antimicrobial and antibacterial drugs (Antibiotics and Antiseptics)

    Antibiotic, active ingredient: acetylcysteine ​​and thiamphenicol (powder for injection and inhalation complete with solvent) – The need for simultaneous administration of an antibiotic and a drug that dilutes and removes sputum and mucus from the lower and upper respiratory tract

    To prepare the drug, add 5 ml of solvent (1 ampoule) to the bottle with the powder. The resulting preparation should be stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day, before use it should be warmed to room temperature.

    Adults and children over 12 years old – ½ bottle (250 mg) for 1 inhalation 1-2 times a day

    Children under 12 years old – ¼ bottle (125 mg) per 1 inhalation 1-2 times a day

    To prepare an inhalation solution, add 2 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

    Active ingredient: nitrofural (0.024% aqueous solution, 1:5000) – Has disinfectant properties. Treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, prevention of infection penetration into deeper parts of the bronchial tree

    For inhalation, use a ready-made solution of furatsilin (in its pure form, without dilution in saline) 4 ml per 1 inhalation 2 times a day. This solution must be ordered from the production department of the pharmacy.

    You can prepare the solution yourself by dissolving 1 tablet of furatsilin in 100 ml of saline until completely dissolved without sediment. Inhale 4 ml of the resulting solution 2 times a day.

    (0.5% or 1% solution for injection) – Has broad-spectrum disinfectant properties.

    To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:4 for a 1% drug or in a ratio of 1:2 for a 0.5% drug.

    For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 2 times a day.

    Herbal medicine (1% alcohol infusion based on chlorophyll from eucalyptus leaves) – Staphylococcal respiratory tract infection

    The solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline solution in a ratio of 1:10 (1 ml of the drug per 10 ml of saline solution)

    For 1 inhalation, use 3 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

    The product stains very strongly and cannot be washed off!

    (4% gentamicin sulfate injection, 40 mg/ml)

    Respiratory tract infections

    Adults and children over 12 years old – 0.5 ml (20 mg) of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

    Children from 2 to 12 years old – 0.25 ml (10 mg) of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

    To prepare an inhalation solution, 3 ml of saline solution should be added to the recommended dose of the drug. You can also pre-dilute ampoules with the drug in saline solution:

    For adults and children over 12 years old - in a ratio of 1:6 (6 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhale 3-4 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

    For children from 2 to 12 years old - in a ratio of 1:12 (12 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhale 3 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

    Broad-spectrum antiseptic. Treatment of respiratory tract infections, including those accompanied by purulent discharge

    For inhalation, adults and children over 12 years of age use a ready-made 0.01% solution of Miramistin (in its pure form, without dilution in saline), 4 ml per 1 inhalation 3 times a day.

    For children under 12 years of age, to prepare an inhalation solution, the drug should be diluted with saline solution in a ratio of 1:2 (2 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhaled 3-4 ml per 1 inhalation 3 times a day.

    Immunomodulators

    Interferon, (powder for preparing nasal drops)

    Prevention and treatment of influenza, as well as other acute respiratory viral infections.

    To prepare the drug, open the ampoule with the powder, pour boiled or distilled water at room temperature into it to the 2 ml mark, and shake gently.

    For 1 inhalation, use 2 ml of the resulting solution, 2 times a day.

    To prepare an inhalation solution, add 1 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

    Active ingredient: sodium disoribonucleate (0.25% solution for external use) – Prevention and treatment of influenza, ARVI and other viral infections of the upper respiratory tract and their complications

    For 1 inhalation use 2 ml of the drug, 2 times a day.

    To prepare an inhalation solution, add 2 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

    Vasoconstrictor (decongestant) drugs

    Active ingredient: epinephrine (0.1% solution of adrenaline hydrochloride for external use or injection) – Bronchospasm (attack of suffocation), allergic laryngeal edema, laryngeal edema with laryngitis, laryngotracheitis and croup

    Adults and children over 2 years old – 0.5 ml of the drug once, repeat the procedure if necessary

    Children under 2 years old – 0.25 ml of the drug once, repeat the procedure if necessary

    To prepare an inhalation solution, add 3 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

    You can also pre-dilute the drug in saline:

    For adults and children over 2 years old - in a ratio of 1:6 (6 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhale 3 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

    For children under 2 years old - in a ratio of 1:12 (12 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of the drug) and inhale 3 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

    Use with caution, increases heart rate! Do not use without consulting a doctor!

    Active ingredient: naphazoline (nasal drops, 0.05% and 0.1% solution) – Allergic stenosis (swelling) of the larynx, stenosis (swelling) of the larynx with laryngitis, laryngotracheitis and croup

    To prepare an inhalation solution, the 0.05% drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:5 (for 1 ml of the drug, 5 ml of saline) or the 0.1% drug should be diluted in a ratio of 1:10 (for 1 ml of the drug, 10 ml saline solution).

    To relieve swelling, inhale 3 ml of the resulting solution once, and repeat the procedure if necessary.

    Antitussives

    Lidocaine, (2% solution of lidocaine hydrochloride)

    Obsessive dry cough. Local anesthetic effect

    Adults and children over 12 years old – 2 ml of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

    Children from 2 to 12 years old – 1 ml of the drug per 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

    To prepare an inhalation solution, add 2 ml of saline solution to the recommended dose of the drug.

    Use with caution, there are very serious contraindications! Do not use without consulting a doctor!

    Tussamag, herbal medicine (drops based on thyme extract)

    Upper respiratory tract diseases accompanied by nonproductive cough

    To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline solution:

    For adults and children over 17 years old - in a ratio of 1:1 (per 1 ml of the drug 1 ml of saline solution)

    For children from 6 to 16 years old - in a ratio of 1:2 (2 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

    For children from 1 to 5 years old - in a ratio of 1:3 (3 ml of saline solution per 1 ml of drug)

    For 1 inhalation, use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day.

    Rules for inhalation with a nebulizer:

    1. Inhalations should be taken no earlier than 1-1.5 hours after meals, and you should not be distracted by conversation. After inhalation, it is not recommended to talk, eat, or go outside for 1 hour (in cool weather).
    2. For diseases of the upper respiratory tract (nose, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx), inhalation and exhalation must be done through the nose using a mask. Breathe calmly, without tension.
    3. For diseases of the middle respiratory tract (throat, larynx), inhalation and exhalation should be done through the mouth using a mask. You should breathe calmly as usual
    4. For diseases of the trachea, bronchi, and lungs, it is recommended to inhale the aerosol through the mouth using a mouthpiece. Breathe deeply and evenly.
    5. Most inhalation solutions are prepared using 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) saline as a solvent and humectant. The original drug is diluted with saline in certain proportions.
    6. The prepared solution should be stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day. Be sure to warm to room temperature before use.
    7. When prescribing several drugs simultaneously, the order should be observed. A bronchodilator is inhaled first, a minute later - an agent that thins and removes sputum, then, after the sputum is discharged, an antibiotic or anti-inflammatory agent is inhaled.
    8. The course of treatment depends on the complexity of the disease and the drug used (from 5 to 10 days)
    9. Although nebulizer therapy does not apply to thermal physiotherapeutic procedures, it is nevertheless not recommended to perform inhalations at elevated body temperatures
    10. It is prohibited to use oil-based preparations in nebulizers. Various oils are used to treat diseases only of the upper respiratory tract, for which exposure to coarse particles is sufficient, therefore steam inhalers are used for inhalation of oils. The nebulizer produces fine particles. When using oil solutions, fine particles of oil enter the lungs, and this significantly increases the risk of developing so-called oil pneumonia. Also, the use of essential oils in nebulizers increases the risk of allergies due to the high concentration of active substances in the lungs.
    11. Most nebulizers do not allow the use of self-prepared decoctions and infusions of herbs, since they have a suspension that is much larger than aerosol particles and the nebulizer cannot miss them, which in turn can lead to damage to the device. For the same reason, suspensions and syrups are not used in nebulizers (with the exception of special suspensions for inhalation). Although there are nebulizers that can work with herbal decoctions.
    12. Medicines such as Eufillin, Papaverine, Diphenhydramine and similar drugs also cannot be used in nebulizers, since they do not have “points of application” on the mucous membrane.

    Source: http://www.yamisha.ru/vseodetyah/rastvori_dlya_nebulaizera/

    What medications should I use in a nebulizer?

    A nebulizer is a device that provides inhalation therapy for various respiratory diseases. Its importance can hardly be overestimated, because it can be used even at home, but for this you need to purchase special medications for the nebulizer. These are special solutions for inhalation, each of which has its own specific effect. What kind of inhalation medications should be poured into the nebulizer, as well as what effect they have, will be discussed in today’s article.

    A little about inhalation

    Inhalation is a method that is widely used to get rid of many different diseases. At the same time, not only treatment, but also preventive use of these procedures is possible.

    Important! Inhalation therapy has been very popular since ancient times. It involves the use of certain products and substances that evaporate easily. That is why the list of possible medications is significantly limited. The attending physician should choose this or that medicine, so you should not self-medicate by randomly choosing medications at the pharmacy.

    Inhalations with a nebulizer are carried out using special solutions, which, as a rule, must be diluted with saline solution.

    What medications are used for inhalation?

    There is a certain list of medicines that are used by inhalation. They include different substances, so they have different effects on the human respiratory tract. Thus, a certain classification of inhalation agents that are used for nebulization has been formed.

    Mucolytics

    Mucolytics are expectorant drugs that do a good job of thinning mucus. In addition, they promote the removal of softened sputum, which is very important in the treatment of many diseases. It is noteworthy that mucolytics help not only with cough, but also with nasal congestion, runny nose, etc.

    • ACC. The drug has an expectorant and anti-inflammatory effect.
    • Fluimucil. This remedy is almost identical to the previous one, because they contain acetylcysteine. To carry out inhalation therapeutic procedures, you need to dilute this medicine with saline solution in the same proportion. The dose of the solution depends on the age of the child - 1 ml up to 6 years old, and 3 ml if the patient is already 12 years old.
    • Lazolvan. Ambroxol, which is included in the composition, promotes rapid liquefaction and expectoration of viscous sputum. The standard dosage regimen includes 2 ml of Lazolvan, to which 2 ml of saline is added. It is noteworthy that if the child is not yet two years old, then the volume needs to be reduced by exactly half.
    • Mineral water. Even an ordinary mineral water, like Borjomi, can have a beneficial effect on the respiratory tract. Mineral water is poured into the nebulizer in its pure form, after which the device can be turned on. This treatment helps with coughs, because mineral water softens the mucous membrane and also thins phlegm.
    • Trisol. In addition to mineral water, you can use Trisol for a nebulizer as an alkaline inhalation, the instructions for use of which are quite simple. This saline solution is already ready for use, so it can be refilled into the device.
    • Bronchipret. This remedy belongs to the category of homeopathic remedies, but it is also quite effective for various types of bronchitis.

    Bronchodilators

    Such medications are used as components that relieve bronchospasm. In addition, they are successfully used to treat bronchial asthma, as well as COPD.

    Important! Among the most popular bronchodilators used for inhalation with a nebulizer, Berodual can be noted, which is most often prescribed during therapy. One of the main advantages of this medicine is the almost complete absence of side effects, as well as its high effectiveness in combating acute attacks of asthma and COPD.

    Berotec, which has a similar spectrum of action, can also be used. In both the first and second cases, the drug must be diluted with saline solution. Inhalations with these bronchodilators can also be carried out for children, but the dose of the drug must be strictly followed.

    Antibiotics

    Antibiotics are essential drugs that are used in the complex treatment of various respiratory tract ailments.

    The following medications can be distinguished:

      • Dioxidine. This medicine has an antibacterial effect. It effectively copes with purulent diseases, as well as tonsillitis, sinusitis, etc. But it should be noted that this drug is quite strong, so you should not take it on your own. It is better to consult your doctor, who will assess all possible risks.
      • Fluimucil with antibiotic. This combination makes the solution quite effective, so it can be used in the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. Naturally, it needs to be diluted with saline solution.
      • Ceftriaxone. It is worth noting that inhalation with ceftriaxone allows for a powerful antibacterial effect. The product must be diluted with special water for injection in a ratio of 1:5, i.e. One 1 ml of medicine is diluted with liquid in the amount of 5 ml. Ceftriaxone via nebulizer is used everywhere, including clinics, hospitals, treatment rooms, etc.

    An antibiotic for inhalation with a nebulizer, regardless of its type, turns out to be a very effective drug with a pronounced antibacterial effect. This circumstance allows the use of antibiotics in a comprehensive manner, treating a wide variety of ailments.

    Antiseptics

    A broad-spectrum antiseptic that I would like to talk about first is Miramistin. One of the main features of this medicine is its complete safety, so inhalations can be given to all categories of patients. As practice shows, Miramistin is one of the most popular remedies for coughs, runny nose, sinusitis, rhinitis and other ailments.

    Important! In addition, the category of antiseptics includes Furacilin, Gentamicin and other drugs.

    Furacilin solution can be prepared as follows:

    • For this we need Furacilin tablets. You will need one piece for one inhalation.
    • The tablet softens, after which 100 ml of liquid is poured.

    Immunomodulators

    Many people ask what inhalation solution is needed if the patient has a viral respiratory disease? In this case, the following immunomodulators are most effective:

    • Interferon. The drug is available in powder form, so to obtain a solution, you need to dilute it with boiled water. Inhalations with this remedy are indicated for adults, as well as for the youngest patients. In addition, drops are made from Interferon, which are a good help for a runny nose. For successful therapy, it is necessary to instill at least 40 drops per day.
    • Derinat. The treatment procedure includes the use of 2 ml of undiluted medication per dose.

    Anti-inflammatory drugs

    Anti-inflammatory drugs for inhalation with a nebulizer are products that contain mainly herbal components.

    The following anti-inflammatory drugs can be distinguished:

    Important! Regardless of the specific medicine used, they must be diluted with saline in different proportions. The instructions for use will tell you exactly what dosage corresponds to each medicine.

    Hormonal agents

    Hormonal drugs should be taken with extreme caution, because they involve a large number of contraindications. Naturally, a doctor should prescribe treatment, but the main hormone medications for allergies for inhalation can be identified:

    • Pulmicort. Used for allergies, asthma, chronic bronchitis and other ailments that require treatment with similar drugs. It is worth noting that this medicine is suitable for a compressor, but not an ultrasonic inhaler.
    • Dexamethasone. Inhalations with dexamethasone are used if the patient has an acute inflammatory process in the larynx.

    There are other hormonal drugs for inhalation, but we will not consider them, because they all have a similar mechanism of action for allergies.

    Cough preparations

    Many people are familiar with an obsessive dry cough, when it is very difficult to clear sputum. To get rid of these symptoms, special drugs are used to alleviate the patient’s condition.

    So what cough medications can be used in a nebulizer? There are several of them:

    • Tussamag for inhalation. Tussamag can be used in childhood, but a certain amount of saline solution must be added. If the child is less than five years old, then the proportion is 1 to 3. If the child is more than 17 years old, then the proportion should be divided equally. Tussamag for the nebulizer is taken in the amount of 4 ml per procedure.
    • Lidocaine. It is important to note that inhalations through a nebulizer with lidocaine are carried out in its pure form.

    Vasodilators

    Drugs in this group help with allergic swelling of the larynx. In addition, Epinephrine and other medications can treat bronchospasms and other swelling of the larynx due to laryngitis and other ailments.

    Conclusion

    One of the main features of a nebulizer is the fact that absolutely anyone can use the inhaler. That is why they are ideal for home use, which can be understood by the wide distribution of these devices in pharmacy chains. As for the question of why inhalation solutions are needed, the answer is simple - they are very effective in treating the most complex ailments, including chronic lung diseases, bronchitis, asthma, etc. It is only important to follow the medical recommendations given to you by your attending physician.

    Source: http://ingalyatsii.ru/preparaty/lekarstva-dlya-nebulajzera.html