Angina initial stage

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What to do if you have a sore throat: how to prevent it at the initial stage

Sore throat is a type of tonsillitis, and it is characterized by acute inflammatory processes occurring in the tonsils. Such an insidious disease does not tolerate negligence in treatment, as it is fraught with complications: heart disease, rheumatism, arthritis and others.

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The disease has two routes of transmission: airborne and foodborne (when dirty dishes are used or unwashed food is consumed). But most often, a sore throat begins as a consequence of infection of the oral cavity or pharynx. The cause is purulent diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses.

In the development of sore throat, an important role is played by changes in temperature, occupation in hazardous work, environmental pollution, and unfavorable environmental conditions. Sore throat can be a consequence of such illnesses as influenza, whooping cough, diphtheria and some diseases of the circulatory system.

It is necessary to figure out how to prevent sore throat, as well as what to do at the initial stage of the disease, what treatment will help cope with the problem?

How to determine the disease?

In the vast majority of cases, angina affects young children, adolescents, and older adults. Regardless of the patient’s age group, the clinical picture will be the same for everyone.

How can I tell if I have a sore throat? Painful sensations appear increasingly. As soon as a sore throat begins, the pain is mild and practically does not cause discomfort to the patient.

But already on the second or third day the pain syndrome becomes pronounced and sharp, and quite strong. Particularly painful sensations manifest themselves when swallowing. As a rule, tonsillitis is characterized by a high temperature of up to 39 degrees. In some situations, low-grade body temperature may persist.

When making a diagnosis, care must be taken, since the clinical picture of tonsillitis is similar to many diseases. For example, with whooping cough, flu, scarlet fever, pharyngitis, laryngitis and others.

The initial stage of angina is characterized by the following symptoms:

  • Weakness throughout the body, joint pain.
  • Headache, high fever.
  • Painful syndrome when swallowing.
  • Feverish state.
  • Muscle pain, swollen lymph nodes.
  • Swelling of the larynx, enlarged tonsils.

When you manage to diagnose such symptoms in yourself in time, the therapy will last no longer than one week. With an advanced stage of the disease or its relapse, coping with the disease will be much more difficult.

Since advanced forms of the disease sometimes require treatment in a hospital setting under the supervision of the attending physician, as well as the use of serious drug therapy.

What should you not do if you have a sore throat?

It is worth saying right away that if the patient just suspects the development of tonsillitis, then it is necessary to exclude smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages.

In the early stages of the disease, bed rest is recommended, so walks in the fresh air, vigorous physical activity, sports, and so on are excluded.

If the patient does not give up an active lifestyle, then the weakened body begins to spend its energy on the “busy” activity of the patient, instead of fighting infectious processes. As a result, this will lead to the progression of the disease and a deterioration in the person’s overall well-being.

It is necessary to exclude from the diet foods that irritate the mucous membrane of the throat and larynx. These include salty, spicy and smoked foods, too cold or hot foods, as well as strong foods: crackers, etc.

What else you can’t do if you have a sore throat:
  1. It is forbidden to warm the throat with warm compresses and lotions, as they create a favorable environment for the development of pathogenic microorganisms.
  2. In the purulent form of tonsillitis, purulent formations are observed on the tonsils. And nothing needs to be done with them, since they do not affect the patient’s well-being. And mechanical removal of pus will lead to an exacerbation of the inflammatory process, and the situation will worsen.
  3. You cannot ignore a sore throat, hoping that the situation will normalize on its own. It is necessary to undergo appropriate treatment to kill the causative agents of the disease, otherwise the disease can cause complications on the internal organs.

If you start tonsillitis, or suffer it on your feet without appropriate therapy, the disease can lead to rheumatism, arthritis and heart disease. In the vast majority of cases, the consequences of the disease are reflected in the heart muscle, since it is minimally protected.

Against the background of a rheumatic attack, the heart valves will suffer. And over time, this picture can lead to disability or death.

Rarely, tonsillitis can cause complications in auditory perception, resulting in pain in the ears, ear congestion, and hearing loss.

What should you do if you have a sore throat?

Many patients are interested in what to do with a sore throat? It is worth immediately noting that at the first symptoms of the disease, bed rest is immediately recommended. To remove toxins, you need to drink plenty of fluids: warm milk, juice, mineral liquid, tea with honey, jam.

Conservative treatment involves the appointment of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic therapy. The drug, its dose and frequency of administration are recommended on an individual basis and are determined exclusively by the doctor. The choice of medication is based on the type of pathogenic microorganism that provoked the disease.

The first aid at home if a sore throat begins is to gargle. You need to do it up to 8 times a day. It helps clear the throat of pus, bacterial waste products, and food particles.

You can rinse with the following solutions:

  • If a patient has a purulent sore throat, then a furacilin solution in a ratio of 1/5000 will help him.
  • If the patient has an ulcerative-necrotic form of the disease, then hydrogen peroxide and salicylic acid are perfect for rinsing. In addition, the doctor prescribes injections with antibiotics.
  • If a sore throat is characterized by severe pain, then you can use this method: mix one teaspoon of vinegar and 120 ml of beet juice, rinse up to 8 times a day.
  • Essential oils fight the disease, so you can chew lemon zest for half an hour, which “destroys the disease.”
  • If a sore throat has just begun, then you can gargle with a decoction based on chamomile, sage and calendula.

It happens that already on the 3rd day the patient begins to feel well and quits treatment. But it is strictly forbidden to do this, since the inflammatory process has not ended, and the body is still weakened. It is necessary to give your body time to recover within several days to avoid possible complications.

If a young child has a sore throat, then you can use gentle methods of therapy. To do this, add a few drops of calendula tincture to 120 ml of water and gargle for 1 minute.

Sore throat is not always an independent illness, as it often acts as a sign of other infectious diseases - diphtheria, scarlet fever, blood pathologies. Therefore, at home it is not always possible to correctly differentiate the disease, which leads to unsuccessful treatment and a depressing situation. The video in this article will clearly demonstrate what a sore throat is and what to do about it.

Source: http://stopgripp.ru/bolezn/ango/chto-delat-pri-angine.html

What does a sore throat in a child look like?

Almost every baby can get a sore throat. All parents should know what a child’s sore throat looks like. Timely detection of sore throat will prevent the development of dangerous complications of the disease in the future.

What causes?

Inflammation of the tonsils is called tonsillitis or acute tonsillitis. Various reasons can lead to the development of this condition. Most often, childhood acute tonsillitis is caused by viruses, bacteria and fungi. With a decrease in immunity, as well as severe hypothermia, the child may develop adverse symptoms of the disease.

Sore throat almost never occurs in infants. This is due to the peculiarity of the anatomical structure of the tonsils in children under two years of age.

Children receive a large amount of maternal antibodies, which protect their body from various infections. The peak incidence occurs between 3 and 10 years of age.

Infection most often occurs by airborne droplets. Pathogenic microbes enter the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and tonsils from a sick child to a healthy one. The most common outbreaks of acute tonsillitis are among children attending educational institutions. In more crowded groups, the risk of contracting a sore throat increases many times over.

By what symptoms can you recognize it?

It is very difficult to determine the disease at the initial stage. Quite a long time passes before specific signs of the disease appear. For viral tonsillitis, the incubation period is usually 3-5 days, for bacterial tonsillitis - from 7 to 10 days. Fungal infections only appear a couple of weeks after infection.

  • Intense redness in the throat. It becomes bright red and inflamed.
  • The appearance of rashes and plaque on the tonsils.
  • Increase in body temperature up to degrees. It lasts for 2-4 days. A decrease in temperature occurs only under the influence of antipyretics.
  • Swelling and inflammation of the tonsils. They become bright red and swollen. If a spatula or spoon touches it, bleeding increases and pain also appears.
  • Enlarged lymph nodes. The process involves the cervical, parotid and occipital. Lymph nodes become compacted, tightly fused to the skin. In severe cases they can be seen from the side.
  • A sharp deterioration in the baby's well-being. The child becomes more capricious and eats poorly. In some cases, babies completely refuse to eat. The first days of illness are accompanied by increased drowsiness. The baby is in bed almost all the time. Sleep brings short-term improvement in well-being.

Depending on the reasons that can cause the development of acute tonsillitis in children, all sore throats can be divided into:

Symptoms and clinical manifestations are different for each sore throat. They usually depend on what pathogen caused the disease. Bacterial sore throats develop much more severely and cause a whole range of unfavorable symptoms. Viral infections cause acute tonsillitis much less frequently and are much milder. The longest lasting ones are fungal options. They usually occur in weakened and often sick children.

According to the development of the inflammatory process and the appearance of symptoms, all sore throats can be divided into several groups:

Each type of acute tonsillitis has its own distinctive features. They are manifested by differences that can be detected when examining the pharynx and oropharynx. Each sore throat occurs differently. This depends on the level of local immunity, the characteristics of the pathogen that caused the disease, as well as the presence of chronic diseases in the sick baby.

Catarrhal

Develops in most cases. It is characterized by a fairly mild flow. Responds well to therapy. After the treatment, the child fully recovers and recovers.

With catarrhal tonsillitis, pronounced redness of the tonsils is observed. Usually the process is two-way. The throat becomes bright red. The tonsils are swollen and inflamed. The palatine arches increase somewhat in size and hang over the entrance to the pharynx. During swallowing, the pain increases sharply. Drinks or foods that are too hot or cold can cause increased pain.

Often this form of the disease begins with the appearance of general symptoms of intoxication. The baby has a severe headache. The child feels overwhelmed and his appetite worsens. During the day, the baby notices severe sleepiness. By the end of the first day, characteristic symptoms of inflammation in the pharynx appear, as well as difficulty and pain when swallowing.

Catarrhal sore throat in children under three years of age is usually accompanied by a sharp rise in temperature. Usually it increases to 39-39.5 degrees. In older children, body temperature may remain normal, only characteristic changes appear in the mouth and tonsils.

Lacunarnaya

The peak incidence of this form of sore throat occurs in preschool age. Most often, babies become infected through airborne droplets. With lacunar tonsillitis, the palatine tonsils are greatly enlarged. They become swollen and swollen.

A characteristic light yellow coating appears on the surface of the tonsils. It comes off easily with a spatula. With lacunar angina, the body temperature rises to several degrees. The submandibular nodes greatly increase in size, become dense, and painful when touched. Already on the first day, severe pain appears when swallowing.

Lacunar tonsillitis is dangerous due to the development of complications. If the course is unfavorable, purulent inflammation spreads to nearby ENT organs. This contributes to the development of acute otitis media, sinusitis and conjunctivitis. The baby feels very bad. At high temperatures, fever appears, as well as severe chills.

Follicular

Often caused by streptococcal or staphylococcal flora. This form refers to purulent tonsillitis. This variant of the disease is characterized by the appearance of numerous yellow bubbles that abundantly cover all surfaces of the tonsils. These rashes contain pus. When it leaks out, an unpleasant odor appears.

The disease is accompanied by a fever of more than 39 degrees. In the first days of the disease, it is difficult to reduce, even despite the use of antipyretics. A sick child feels severe pain in the muscles and joints. All symptoms resemble flu.

To eliminate the adverse manifestations of follicular tonsillitis, high doses of antibiotics are required.

Phlegmonous

This form of the disease is extremely rare in childhood. It usually appears in adults. It is characterized by a very severe course and frequent development of complications. During phlegmonous sore throat, pain when swallowing is unbearable. The child has no appetite at all. Speech becomes slurred.

Most often the process is one-sided. The affected tonsil increases significantly in size. Inside it is completely filled with pus. If the course of the disease is unfavorable, purulent inflammation can spread to other organs that are located nearby. Pus spreads through the lymphatic vessels, penetrating into the mediastinum.

Phlegmonous tonsillitis is considered an extremely unfavorable form of the disease. In severe cases of the disease, surgical treatment is even required. In this case, the inflamed tonsil is removed, after which a complete antiseptic treatment of the pharynx is carried out.

Fungal

It is most common in weakened children, as well as in children suffering from diabetes or chronic diseases of the heart and blood vessels. In some cases, it is one of the manifestations of secondary immunodeficiencies resulting from viral infections.

With fungal tonsillitis, a cheesy white coating appears on the tonsils. When touched with a spoon or spatula, it easily crumbles and falls off. After the plaque leaves, bleeding wounds remain on the surface of the tonsils. Treatment of this form of sore throat requires the prescription of antifungal and immunostimulating drugs.

Herpes

Occurs when infected with herpes viruses. It is characterized by the appearance of numerous blisters on the tonsils. They contain a cloudy bloody fluid. Bubbles may burst when touched. The opening of such inflammatory elements occurs on the 5-6th day of illness. After this, numerous ulcers and erosions remain on the mucous membrane of the tonsils.

The disease is accompanied by an increase in body temperature. Usually it increases to several degrees and remains high for 3-4 days. After healing, the tonsils return to their usual pink hue. The entire acute period of the disease is accompanied by the appearance of severe soreness in the throat.

To treat herpes sore throat, antiviral agents are used that have a detrimental effect on herpes viruses. Drugs are usually prescribed for 7-14 days.

To prevent relapses of herpes sore throat, doctors recommend taking annual courses of immunostimulating treatment.

Ulcerative-membranous

It occurs in frequently ill children, as well as in children with various immunodeficiencies. With this form of sore throat, a strong light yellow coating appears on the tonsils, which is very difficult to remove. The palatal arches swell and hang over the entrance to the pharynx. The oropharynx is bright red. There is severe salivation.

When you open your mouth, a strong odor appears. The inflammatory process also affects the cervical and submandibular lymph nodes. They become dense, enlarged, and painful when touched. Despite its appearance, ulcerative membranous tonsillitis is not the most dangerous form of acute tonsillitis. The disease is highly treatable.

Gangrenous

This form of angina is called Simanovsky-Vincent disease. Often, as the disease develops, the body temperature remains normal, less often it rises to subfebrile levels. This type of sore throat is most often caused by opportunistic flora that lives in the gum pockets.

Most often the process is one-sided. A large ulcer appears on the damaged tonsil. Outwardly, it resembles a volcanic crater. The ulcer has a grayish-yellow tint. Any damage causes severe bleeding. The size of the formation is from 1 to 2 cm. The disease is accompanied by severe pain when eating food, especially on the damaged side.

In appearance, this form of sore throat resembles diphtheria. To carry out differential diagnosis, additional examinations and tests are required. Treatment of the disease is complex. Therapy for this form of the disease necessarily includes the administration of immunostimulating drugs.

Additionally, you can watch a video on the topic “Sore throat in children” from Dr. Komarovsky.

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Angina initial stage

The incubation period for angina is short and lasts 1-2 days.

The initial period of the disease is even shorter than the incubation period, from the moment the first symptoms appear to the full development of the clinical picture of the disease, only a few hours pass, a maximum of a day, which allows us to talk about an acute onset. There are 3 options for the initial period of the disease. Most often, general and local symptoms of tonsillitis appear simultaneously when, in the midst of complete health, chills, general weakness, headache, aches in the lower back and joints, sore throat when swallowing appear, and within the next few hours objective signs of catarrhal tonsillitis appear.

In other cases, at first only general symptoms appear (chills, a feeling of heat, general weakness, increased body temperature, headache, aches in the lower back and joints) and only after 6 - 12 hours, a maximum of 24 hours, inflammatory changes in the oropharynx, accompanied by pain, appear in the throat when swallowing.

Much less commonly, angina begins with inflammatory changes in the oropharynx (pain in the throat when swallowing, catarrhal tonsillitis), which are accompanied within 24 hours by fever, general weakness, malaise, body aches, headache, anorexia and other symptoms.

The chill observed in the initial stage of angina lasts briefly (for 15 minutes - 1 hour) and is quickly replaced by a feeling of heat. The headache is dull and has no specific localization. Aches in the joints and lower back appear simultaneously with chills. Pain in the throat in most cases is insignificant and only bothers when swallowing.

Body temperature on the first day of illness is 37.5 - 39 ° C, with higher levels observed in the evening. The skin of the face is hyperemic, and only in extremely severe cases of the disease can it be pale and cyanotic. The maxillary lymph nodes are enlarged to 1.5 - 2 cm, dense and painful. Mouth opening is free. Tongue is wet. The palatine arches, uvula and tonsils are brightly hyperemic and abundantly covered with mucous exudate.

The pulse rate corresponds to body temperature. Heart sounds are clear. Blood pressure tends to increase. Electrocardiogram indicators without significant changes. From the very first day of illness, diuresis decreases and microhematuria is observed in 10% of patients. In half of the patients, moderately expressed neutrophilic leukocytosis or relative neutrophilia with a normal number of leukocytes is observed in the blood. ESR was not changed.

The period of the height of sore throat.

The full development of the clinical picture of angina is observed, as a rule, on the 2nd day from the onset of the disease. General weakness, headache, sore throat when swallowing at this time become most pronounced. The chills observed on the first day of the disease are replaced by a feeling of heat. The headache is most often dull in nature, persists for 2 - 4 days, then gradually decreases and goes away.

Body temperature is at the level of 38.5 - 40 ° C, characterized by pronounced daily fluctuations of more than 1 °. Even without effective treatment, it lasts no more than 6 - 7 days. The skin is dry and hot to the touch. The face is hyperemic, there is a blush on the cheeks; in severe forms of the disease, the face is pale with a cyanotic tint. With a significant decrease in body temperature, severe sweating may occur. In some patients, a herpetic rash appears on the lips. Other types of exanthema are not typical for tonsillitis.

All patients with tonsillitis at this time have pronounced angular lymphadenitis, which, in the absence of effective etiotropic treatment, persists for a long time.

Opening of the mouth in an uncomplicated form of the disease is complete and free. The tongue is moist, in most cases covered with a grayish-white coating, and in severe sore throat - with teeth marks.

The mucous membrane of the palatine arches is hyperemic. The tonsils are also hyperemic, enlarged by approximately 1.5 times their original size. These changes correspond to catarrhal tonsillitis. However, in the vast majority of cases during this period, whitish follicles measuring 2 - 3 mm in diameter appear on the tonsils, slightly rising above the surface of the tissue of these organs. They cannot be removed with a swab and spatula, since they are subepithelial located purulent masses formed as a result of the destruction of lymphoid follicles tonsils.

These changes correspond to follicular tonsillitis. However, in most patients with tonsillitis, along with the presence of white follicles on the surface of the tonsils, yellowish-white purulent deposits appear along the lacunae, easily removed with a spatula. These changes are characteristic of follicular-lacunar tonsillitis. If, at the time of examination, purulent follicles appear on the outer surface of the tonsils disappear, and there are purulent masses in the lacunae, they speak of lacunar tonsillitis

With a pronounced inflammatory process in the tonsils (severe form of tonsillitis), necrotic changes may occur - necrotizing tonsillitis. In these cases, the affected areas of tissue have a dark gray color. After their rejection, a deep tissue defect measuring up to 1 - 1.5 cm in diameter is formed, often irregular in shape with an uneven tuberous bottom.

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Purulent sore throat

| Specialization: medical journalist

Purulent tonsillitis is an infectious disease in which pathological changes occur in the lymphoid tissue of the pharynx. Most often, the disease develops in children between 5 and 15 years of age.

Types of purulent sore throat

Depending on the degree of damage and the nature of the inflammatory process, purulent tonsillitis is divided as follows:

  1. Lacunarnaya. It is characterized by the accumulation of pus in the lacunae of the tonsils.
  2. Follicular. The follicles of the tonsils are damaged; purulent islands and purulent plaque are located on them.

Types of purulent tonsillitis according to the localization of the inflammatory process:

  • One-sided. It occurs very rarely, in most cases - at the initial stage of the disease. Subsequently, the process spreads to both tonsils.
  • Double sided.

Stages of purulent tonsillitis

  1. Incubation period. The period between infection entering the body and the appearance of the first symptoms indicating the development of the disease is 1–3 days.
  2. Initial stage. A very short period, about 6–12 hours, between the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease and the development of the most pronounced clinical picture.
  3. The stage of the height of the disease. The period during which the symptoms of the disease are very pronounced is 2–4 days.
  4. Recovery stage. It is divided into early and late periods and can last 5–7 days.

Causes of purulent sore throat

The cause of purulent sore throat is microbes of the pyogenic group, such as staphylococcus, streptococcus, pneumococcus. In adults, the disease often develops against the background of acute respiratory viral infections. In children, in 85% of cases the disease is caused by streptococcus.

The infection enters the tissue through airborne droplets, through direct or indirect contact with a carrier of the disease or through food. It can also enter the area of ​​inflammation from other sources, such as carious teeth or chronic inflammatory processes.

With proper and timely treatment, the prognosis is favorable. Complete cure is possible in 7–10 days.

In some cases, the cause of purulent sore throat is opportunistic microorganisms that live on the skin and mucous membranes. When the immune system is disrupted, they begin to actively multiply, provoking the appearance of unpleasant symptoms.

Factors influencing the development of the disease:

  • frequent hypothermia: general (swimming in cold water, prolonged exposure to sub-zero temperatures) and local (drinking cold drinks or ice cream);
  • frequent infectious diseases;
  • foci of chronic infection (caries);
  • tonsil injuries;
  • frequent stressful situations and severe fatigue;
  • disturbances in the functioning of the immune system that develop as a result of chronic or autoimmune diseases;
  • prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or in a room with high humidity;
  • climate change;
  • poor diet, eating too spicy or salty foods;
  • presence of bad habits.

Symptoms of purulent sore throat

The disease develops rapidly. Symptoms of a purulent sore throat may appear all at once or gradually, starting with a sore throat and difficulty swallowing. In this case, there are characteristic signs of the disease.

A sore throat

At the initial stage of the disease, discomfort appears in the tonsil area in the form of a sensation of a foreign body, making swallowing difficult. Then pain occurs and intensifies.

The sore throat with purulent sore throat becomes so acute that the patient refuses to eat and drink. He finds it difficult to talk. Ear pain may occur.

Changes in the tonsils

As a result of the inflammatory process at the initial stage of the disease, swelling and redness of the palatine tonsils and almond arches appear. Later, pus appears, the process differs depending on the type of disease:

  • lacunar tonsillitis: pus looks like plaque, stripes or films of a grayish-white or yellowish tint, accumulating in the folds of the tonsils (lacunae) and extending beyond them;
  • follicular sore throat: follicles the size of a millet grain form on the tonsils. They rise above the surface and are clearly visible upon visual inspection. Inside the follicles there is gray-yellow pus. In combination with hyperemic tissue of the tonsils, a characteristic symptom of the starry sky is observed.

The patient's tongue becomes dry, coated with a brown coating. In severe cases of the disease, it can become swollen, with obvious teeth marks.

Plaque from the tonsils can be easily removed, while the mucous membranes remain intact, which distinguishes purulent tonsillitis from other forms of the disease.

Enlarged cervical lymph nodes

With purulent tonsillitis, enlargement of the lymph nodes is observed very often, as they perform a protective function. At the initial stage, the lymph nodes are soft, later they become denser and increase in size. Pain occurs on palpation.

The sore throat with purulent sore throat becomes so acute that the patient refuses to eat and drink. He finds it difficult to talk. Ear pain may occur.

Other signs of purulent sore throat

  • increase in body temperature to 38.5–40 °C. It practically does not decrease and can last for 2–4 days;
  • chills. Most often it appears at the initial stage of the disease;
  • headache. The toxins released by the bacteria negatively affect the nervous system, causing a dull, paroxysmal headache that can last for 2-4 days. After this she disappears;
  • weakness. Throughout the entire period of the disease, the patient experiences lethargy, drowsiness, depression, apathy, and decreased ability to work;
  • aches in joints and muscles.

Diagnostics

In order to diagnose a disease, the doctor studies the patient’s complaints. Then he performs pharyngoscopy (examination of the pharynx and oral cavity using a medical spatula), palpation of the neck and regional lymph nodes, and collection of material for bacteriological culture.

Laboratory diagnostic methods for purulent sore throat include:

  1. Clinical blood test. Particular attention is paid to such indicators as the level of leukocytes, the percentage of lymphocytes and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
  2. Bacterial culture. Material taken from the pharynx is placed in a special nutrient medium, which makes it possible to determine the causative agent of the disease and its sensitivity to antibiotics.
  3. Tests to determine streptococcal infection (if necessary).

Differential diagnosis makes it possible to distinguish purulent sore throat from pathologies such as:

  • diphtheria. With this disease, in addition to a sore throat, a barking suffocating cough, respiratory failure, shortness of breath and symptoms of damage to the central nervous system appear;
  • mononucleosis. In this case, in parallel with the symptoms of sore throat, the patient’s liver and spleen enlarge;
  • scarlet fever. Signs of tonsillitis are accompanied by a small rash located on the cheeks, torso and limbs, while the nasolabial triangle remains unchanged. Symptoms also include a purple tongue and peeling skin.

Treatment of purulent sore throat

Treatment of purulent sore throat in most cases is carried out at home. Children under 3 years of age or patients with severe illness are subject to hospitalization.

In the treatment of purulent tonsillitis, medications of the following pharmacological groups are used:

  1. Antibiotics (penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins). They are the main method of treatment to eliminate the causes of purulent sore throat. The choice of drugs depends on the causative agent of the disease, the age of the patient, the severity of symptoms and the presence of contraindications. The drug can be prescribed in the form of tablets, suspensions or injections. The course of treatment for purulent tonsillitis ranges from 5 to 7 days (in severe forms of the disease, the course can increase to 10–14 days). If the drug is chosen correctly, relief occurs on the second day after starting its use. The course of antibiotic therapy must be completely completed to avoid the emergence of microflora resistant to the drug and the development of complications.
  2. Probiotics and prebiotics. They are prescribed in complex treatment along with antibacterial drugs. These agents help restore normal microflora in the intestines, as well as prevent the development of pathogenic bacteria. They reduce the severity and number of side effects that develop when taking antibiotics, and also increase local immunity.
  3. Antifungal drugs. They are used in combination with antibiotics to prevent the development of fungal infections.
  4. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Drugs in this group help lower body temperature and have an analgesic effect, which makes it possible to reduce pain in the throat, muscles and joints, as well as relieve headaches. They are taken within 2–4 days.
  5. Vitamin complexes and immunostimulants. These drugs improve the functioning of the immune system and help the body cope with infection faster.

General therapy is supplemented with frequent gargling with antiseptic solutions and decoctions of medicinal herbs to eliminate purulent plaque. Local medications in the form of lozenges or sprays may also be prescribed.

During the treatment of purulent tonsillitis, bed rest is indicated. The patient should eat properly, consuming warm liquid food containing sufficient amounts of proteins and vitamins. It is also necessary to drink plenty of fluids to reduce intoxication.

Treatment of purulent sore throat in most cases is carried out at home. Children under 3 years of age or patients with severe illness are subject to hospitalization.

Complications

A complication of purulent sore throat can be:

  1. Rheumatism. This is a systemic lesion of connective tissue of autoimmune etiology. At the same time, damage to the joints, kidneys and heart may occur.
  2. Myocarditis. Inflammation of the heart muscle, resulting in shortness of breath, weakness, and increased heart rate.
  3. Lymphadenitis. Purulent inflammation of the lymph nodes, accompanied by their enlargement and pain.
  4. Otitis. Inflammation of the middle ear, which occurs with pain, discharge of pus and hearing loss.
  5. Glomerulonephritis. Bilateral kidney damage, which can result in a chronic inflammatory process, gradually leading to renal failure. In this case, the patient experiences high blood pressure and blood appears in the urine.

Forecast

With proper and timely treatment, the prognosis is favorable. Complete cure is possible in 7–10 days. If therapy is not started on time, complications of purulent tonsillitis may develop.

Preventive measures

In order to prevent the development of purulent sore throat, it is necessary:

  • avoid direct contact with carriers of the disease;
  • consult a dentist on time for caries treatment;
  • promptly treat infectious diseases, avoiding a chronic process;
  • eat right, do not eat too spicy, salty, hot or cold foods;
  • strengthen the immune system and lead a healthy lifestyle;
  • observe the rules of personal hygiene;
  • to refuse from bad habits.

When identifying the first symptoms of the disease, you should seek advice from a therapist or otolaryngologist.

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How to treat purulent sore throat in adults: the best drugs and folk remedies

Almost every person is familiar with a disease such as purulent tonsillitis. Severe pain in the throat, a feeling of squeezing, difficulty swallowing - such symptoms cause enormous inconvenience to a sick person. But the problem here is not only discomfort. If you do not start treatment for sore throat in a timely manner, it can cause serious complications, and in some cases, even death.

What is purulent sore throat

At the initial stage of angina, a sick person experiences headaches, weakness in the body

Sore throat is an infectious disease. It manifests itself as inflammation of the tonsils of the palate. This disease is caused by certain types of microbes that enter the body through contact with an infected person or his things, or by eating dirty foods.

The initial stage of sore throat is characterized by painful sensations in the throat, which is especially noticeable when swallowing. Body temperature can rise up to several degrees. A sick person experiences headaches and weakness in the body. By touch you can detect noticeably enlarged lymph nodes.

There are 4 types of purulent tonsillitis:

  1. Catarrhal. It is considered the least dangerous type of sore throat. It is characterized by a bright red tint of the tonsils, due to the growth of which the swallowing process becomes more difficult. With proper therapy, catarrhal tonsillitis is quite easy to cure, and in a short time. From this article you can find out whether catarrhal tonsillitis is contagious or not.
  2. Follicular. Often develops in the absence of treatment for catarrhal tonsillitis. It manifests itself as swelling of the tonsils, pronounced pain in the throat, which prevents the swallowing of food, especially solid food. The body temperature is higher than normal, the lymph nodes are enlarged, and painful sensations occur when touched. How to treat follicular tonsillitis at home is indicated in the article.
  3. Lacunarnaya. It manifests itself in the formation of a white or grayish coating covering the tonsils. Plaque can quickly spread around the tonsils, expanding the area of ​​infection by pathogenic microorganisms. Otherwise, the symptoms are identical to follicular tonsillitis.
  4. Phlegmonous. The most dangerous type of sore throat. It is characterized by a sharp increase in temperature to extreme values, which requires immediate hospitalization. If left untreated, it can lead to swelling of the neck, difficulty breathing, and even asphyxia.

Only a doctor can accurately determine this or that type of purulent sore throat, since the symptoms of different types are very similar to each other. In addition, there are often mixed types of disease that require specific treatment.

Causes of sore throat

The causative agents of purulent sore throat are pneumococcal or streptococcal viruses. Entering the human body, the virus passes through the tonsils, which are a natural filter that retains pathogenic microflora in its cells. It is the tonsils that are primarily attacked by bacteria, which leads to the occurrence of purulent sore throat.

Predisposing factors for this disease are:

  • and sanitary conditions;
  • reduced immunity due to serious illnesses or poor nutrition;
  • eating unwashed or uncooked foods;
  • diseases of teeth and gums;
  • ENT diseases, including rhinitis or sinusitis, when you have to breathe a lot through your mouth due to sinus congestion;
  • hypothermia of the body;
  • long stay in rooms with a lot of dust in the air;
  • smoking and alcohol abuse.

Sore throat can also occur if there have been injuries to the tonsils, or an operation has been performed to remove them, during which the tonsils were not completely removed.

First signs and symptoms

The onset of the disease can be determined by the occurrence of chills, weakness in the body, difficulty and pain when swallowing. These are the classic first symptoms of a sore throat. Chills are quickly replaced by an increase in temperature, soreness in the throat, which at first appears only during the process of swallowing food, and then is felt during the quiet period.

The most important difference between purulent tonsillitis and all other types is the formation of ulcers on the tonsils, as well as redness of the tongue and palate. Other signs of purulent tonsillitis are:

  • swelling of the neck;
  • redness of the eyes;
  • swelling of the mucous membrane in the mouth;
  • cough, nasal discharge;
  • stomach ache;
  • expansion of lymph nodes;
  • rash on the skin.

The appearance of these symptoms requires immediate medical attention. Self-medication of purulent sore throat can lead to serious consequences, which will then be very difficult to cope with.

Diagnostics

The doctor quickly diagnoses purulent sore throat by external signs

This disease is diagnosed by external signs and complaints of the patient. The doctor determines the presence of the disease by symptoms such as: dry lips, high fever, red cheeks, coating on the tongue, unpleasant odor from the mouth, enlarged tonsils with white dots on them, a bright red tint of the tongue and an increase in the size of the lymph nodes.

Is it possible to make an alcohol compress for a sore throat? It is indicated in the article.

How to properly use azithromycin for angina in children is indicated in this article here: http://prolor.ru/g/lechenie/azitromicin-pri-angine.html

In addition, urine tests are prescribed, which show the presence of albumin, and a throat swab is taken, which reveals the presence of streptococcus in the body.

How to treat purulent sore throat

Treatment of purulent sore throat is a complex measure that is aimed at fighting a viral infection, relieving inflammatory processes and increasing immunity.

For any form of angina, strict bed rest is indicated. The patient's diet should consist of soft or liquid foods to prevent injury to the tonsils. In addition, you need to drink plenty of fluids.

Folk remedies

Treatment of purulent sore throat with raspberry decoction gives quick positive results

In complex therapy, along with drug treatment, you can also use folk remedies for purulent tonsillitis, which provide effective assistance in the fight against this disease.

  • Aloe. This healing plant has a disinfecting effect on the oral cavity and helps draw out purulent contents from inflamed areas. You need to cut off a fleshy leaf from the plant and place it on your cheek, leaving it overnight. This procedure should be performed every day for the entire duration of the illness.
  • Salt. Gargling with salt for sore throat has long been used as an effective folk remedy. Salt disinfects affected areas of the throat and removes purulent plaque. Preparing this solution is very simple - you just need to dissolve a teaspoon of salt in a glass of water, then gargle with it for about 5 minutes. Warming up with salt also helps. To do this, you need to heat it in a frying pan, put it in a cloth bag and wrap it around your throat.
  • Raspberries. A dry raspberry branch is crushed, poured with two partial glasses of boiling water and left for about 15 minutes. Then you need to strain the broth and add three large spoons of honey. You need to drink it an hour before bedtime for 9-10 days.
  • Thyme and sage. Inhalations using these herbs enhance the expectoration process, which removes mucus laden with harmful bacteria from the body. To prepare the product you will need a teaspoon of sage, the same amount of thyme, a couple of drops of fir oil and the peel of a dozen potatoes. Potato peelings are boiled, after which herbs are added to them. The resulting mixture should be kept on the fire for a minute, add oil and begin inhalation.
  • Garlic. Pour hot milk over three medium cloves of garlic, leave for a few minutes and strain, then drink in small sips. It is recommended to use this remedy every day until the disease goes away. Garlic has powerful immunomodulatory properties, actively destroys bacteria and helps strengthen the body.

Medicines

Throat sprays are one of the mandatory drugs for the treatment of sore throat.

To treat purulent tonsillitis, a combination of local drugs and tablets is usually used.

Antiseptic sprays, rinses and sprays containing antibiotics are used as local remedies. Among them, the most effective are: Potassium permanganate;

  • Furacilin solution;
  • A solution of salt, iodine and soda;
  • Chlorophyllipt solution;
  • Stopangin spray;
  • Miramistin;
  • Ingalip;
  • Eucalyptus infusion;
  • Rotokan;
  • Bioporox spray;
  • Tantum verde;
  • Faringosept;
  • Stomatodin;
  • Chlorhexidine.

General therapy for purulent tonsillitis involves the use of antibiotics, painkillers and corticosteroids. How to treat a sore throat with antibiotics? Typically the drugs prescribed are: Phenoxymethylpenicillin, Clindamycin, Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin or Erythromycin. The most effective painkillers for sore throat are Ibuprofen, Nurofen or Paracetamol. Corticosteroids are used to relieve swelling and make breathing easier.

For purulent sore throat, Prednisolone, Hydrocortisone or Dexamethasone are often prescribed.

Treatment during pregnancy

When treating a sore throat during pregnancy, it is necessary to use gentle methods, and also to exclude drugs that can harm the vital functions of the mother and child. Particularly difficult here is the selection of the right antibiotics, without which it is often impossible to fully cure purulent tonsillitis.

Usually either local remedies or those drugs that do not affect the developing fetus are used. These include: clarithromycin, cefepime, sumamed, rovamycin and cephalosin.

In addition to medications, the following recommendations are strictly recommended for pregnant women with sore throat:

  • eat mostly liquid foods and drink more;
  • maintain bed rest;
  • gargle with antiseptic solutions - furatsilin, miramistin, use special sore throat sprays for pregnant women;
  • do not steam your feet or take hot baths.

In advanced cases, purulent tonsillitis during pregnancy can lead to serious consequences, including the threat of miscarriage.

Consequences and complications

If you do not start therapy on time, purulent tonsillitis can become chronic, which will be very difficult to get rid of. In some cases, a sore throat can spread to nearby organs, causing inflammation in the nose or ears, and causing breathing difficulties.

One of the most dangerous complications of tonsillitis is meningitis. If left untreated, this disease can provoke severe diseases of the joints, heart, and kidneys.

Video

Learn more about how to properly treat purulent tonsillitis in this video:

Purulent tonsillitis is a serious infectious disease that should not be left to chance. Many people confuse some of the symptoms of a sore throat with a common cold and do not pay due attention to it, which often leads to dire consequences. That is why it is necessary to start treatment at the first signs of the disease.

Source: http://prolor.ru/g/lechenie/chem-lechit-gnojnuyu-anginu-u-vzroslyx.html

Sore throat: first aid at the initial stage of the disease at home

Sore throat is an extremely dangerous disease with its consequences, which should not be taken lightly. Due to the complexity of classifying this disease, there are many different opinions about how to treat it. It is necessary to provide first aid to a sick person as early as possible. But at the same time, it is necessary to understand that sore throat is different from sore throat, and what helps with one form of it can only aggravate the symptoms of another.

Sore throat - a feature of the disease

  1. A sore throat caused by bacteria primarily affects the human tonsils, which prevent infection from entering the respiratory tract. Immune cells die in the fight against streptococci, thereby provoking purulent reactions in the tonsils. Less commonly, the causative agents are Pseudomonas aeruginosa or staphylococci. The symptoms of such sore throats may vary, but bacterial infections must be treated in a hospital setting. Folk remedies and uncontrolled use of medications cannot cure a typical sore throat.
  2. Viral infections that cause sore throats are less dangerous. With certain medical care, the body itself is able to cope with the virus. Such a sore throat does not cause purulent processes, but some viruses are capable of gaining a foothold in the body for a long time and creating serious health problems.
  3. Sometimes a fungal infection develops in the throat. It appears almost asymptomatically, which is why it is often not diagnosed in the early stages. Fungal plaque can cover a wide area of ​​the oral cavity; such an infection takes longer to treat than a bacterial one, but causes significantly fewer consequences.

The clinical picture of sore throat in children and adults, says Dr. Komarovsky:

Symptoms

  • Sore throat, sore throat or difficulty swallowing is one of the first symptoms of any sore throat.
  • With bacterial infection, the temperature rises sharply (within an hour or two), but it is quite difficult to reduce it.
  • With viral infections, the temperature rarely rises to critical levels in a short time. It is usually preceded by chills, headache, cough or runny nose.

However, it is almost impossible to distinguish a bacterial infection from a viral one on your own in the initial stages. With a typical sore throat, purulent plugs on the tonsils appear later.

Common symptoms include the following:

Symptoms of viral and bacterial sore throat

First aid

Medications

If the temperature of a sick person exceeds 38°, then it should be reduced with antipyretics.

Paracetamol or those medications where it is the main component are most suitable for this:

Ibuprofen helps with viral infections.

Gargling should be started as early as possible for any form of sore throat and the procedure should be done every half hour, gradually increasing the intervals.

Effective for these purposes:

  • A weak solution of manganese.
  • Probiotics (Narine, Trilact, Normoflorin).
  • Furacilin.
  • Hydrogen peroxide.
  • Hexoral.
  • Chlorophyllipt.
  • Chlorhexine.
  • Lugol.

Folk recipes

There are many folk remedies against sore throat, but we should not forget that they can only be used as additional therapy.

They cannot completely destroy a bacterial infection in the body. The most effective recipes for treating an infected throat include the following:

  • Beet juice (sometimes mixed with apple cider vinegar or honey).
  • Aloe, crushed in a blender, is mixed with lemon juice.
  • Infusion of potato flowers.
  • A solution of iodized salt (you can use sea salt).
  • A water infusion of Echinacea is effective both when rinsing and when used for hot inhalations.
  • Rinse solutions based on bee products have a beneficial effect on the immune system and relieve inflammation.
  • Garlic and onion vapors have an excellent antiseptic effect.
  • Horseradish, chamomile, sea buckthorn oil, and calendula are often used as rinses.

Review of medications for the treatment of sore throat:

Procedures

  • Gargling.
  • Inhalations.
  • Warming compresses (only with a doctor's permission).
  • Removal of purulent plugs (in a hospital setting).
  • Physiotherapy (prescribed by a doctor as a stage of complex treatment).
  • Clearing the throat of plaque (for fungal sore throat).

The sick person must be provided with adequate nutrition. For a sore throat, it is more convenient to take food in crushed or pureed form. It is better to avoid heavy, coarse and fatty foods during treatment. For drinking, clean water and natural cranberry juice are best. By drinking enough liquid, the effects of intoxication are relieved.

For viral and bacterial infections, bed rest is required.

When to urgently call a doctor

  • When the temperature rises above 38°
  • With swelling of the throat, making it difficult to breathe (severe swelling can cause suffocation).
  • For children and pregnant women with at least one of the symptoms of sore throat.
  • When a rash or thick plaque appears in the mouth area.
  • If spots or purulent plugs are detected on the tonsils.
  • With a sharp, severe pain in the throat.

What to do at the first sign of a sore throat, watch our video:

Forecast

Sore throat of almost any form is currently curable. Initial infections are much easier to treat than repeated or even more chronic ones.

A good prognosis is always accompanied by timely diagnosis, qualified therapy and patient compliance with the necessary conditions of the prescribed therapy. Usually one to two weeks is enough to completely cure a sore throat, but complex and advanced manifestations of it take much longer to eliminate.

Source: http://gidmed.com/otorinolarintologija/zabolevanija-lor/bolezni-gorla/angina/pervaya-pomoshh-doma.html