Ear otitis treatment

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Otitis media: symptoms and treatment

Otitis is inflammation and swelling of the ear. It can be chronic or acute, purulent or catarrhal. Most often this disease occurs in children. According to statistics, approximately 80% of children under 3 years of age have suffered from otitis media at least once.

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It manifests itself as pain in the ear (pulsating, shooting, aching), elevated body temperature, hearing loss, tinnitus, mucopurulent discharge from the external auditory canal.

Otitis media is the most common cause of hearing loss (reduced hearing). This disease affects people of all ages, but children are most susceptible to the disease, due to the peculiarities of the anatomical structure of the Eustachian tube.

Causes of otitis media

The inflammatory process at the level of the middle ear is most often secondary. This means that the infection initially penetrates into the tympanic cavity from other parts communicating with it. Secretory otitis media occurs when fluid from a cold or allergic reaction enters the middle ear through the eustachian tube.

Depending on the location of the pathological process, three forms of otitis are distinguished:

The two main causes of otitis are infection and spread of inflammation from the nasopharynx to the middle ear, as well as ear trauma. The disease can also occur due to:

  • trauma to the skin of the external auditory canal;
  • after exposure to contaminated water;
  • performing surgical operations in the area of ​​the nasopharynx or nasal cavity;
  • as a consequence of ARVI, sinusitis;
  • for infectious diseases, kidney diseases, diabetes, hypothermia.

Otitis media can be caused by various pathogenic microorganisms: bacteria, viruses, fungi (otomycosis) and various microbial associations.

Symptoms of otitis media

First of all, otitis media and its symptoms will depend on the form and location of the inflammatory process. The general picture of acute otitis media and its symptoms can be characterized by the following features:

  • pain in the ear is sharp, severe and sometimes unbearable, radiating to the temporal and parietal regions;
  • hearing loss, tinnitus;
  • hyperthermia;
  • elevated temperature;

After 1-3 days from the onset of the disease, a rupture forms in the eardrum, and suppuration begins. During this period, the temperature drops, the pain decreases, and the general condition improves.

If the disease develops unfavorably, pus may break out not outward, but into the cranial cavity, provoking the development of a brain abscess, meningitis and other dangerous diseases.

Symptoms of otitis media in chronic form are similar, but less pronounced. As a rule, there is pain and hearing loss is more significant than in the acute stage.

Children are more likely to get sick, due to the structural features of the middle ear, and often a purulent process can develop within a day or two. The child often cries, screams, holds his ear, and cannot sleep. In such cases, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Treatment of otitis media

First of all, local treatment of the disease depends on its form. Treatment of otitis should be immediate, due to the risk of developing severe consequences: spread of the disease into the space of the skull or into the inner ear, which can lead to complete loss of hearing.

Provided timely consultation with a doctor, treatment of otitis media is successfully carried out with medications and physiotherapeutic procedures. For treatment, anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics are widely used, as well as antipyretic drugs if the patient has a high temperature. To relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa, vasoconstrictor drops must be instilled.

If the tympanic cavity does not drain on its own within the first three days, dissection of the eardrum is indicated.

In general, the treatment regimen for otitis media at home consists of the following components:

  • bed rest;
  • vasoconstrictors for the nose;
  • antimicrobials;
  • painkillers;
  • antibacterial agents;
  • physiotherapeutic treatment;
  • warming compresses;
  • vitamins.

Acute purulent otitis requires the use of antibiotic therapy, as well as the evacuation of pus from the middle ear cavity. After completing the main course, the patient is prescribed restorative and resorption therapy. Treatment of otitis in chronic form also consists of anti-inflammatory and antibacterial therapy, with enhanced immunocorrection.

It is worth noting that treatment of otitis at home should only be carried out with the permission of an otolaryngologist. Do not self-medicate. In cases where conservative methods do not help, they resort to surgery.

Ear drops for otitis media

The use of any of these drugs is allowed only after obtaining appropriate advice from a doctor.

  1. Garazon, Sofradex, Dexona, Anauran - glucocorticosteroid drops;
  2. Otinum, Otipax - anti-inflammatory drops;
  3. Otofa, Tsipromed, Normax, Fugentin - antibacterial drops.

To achieve the maximum therapeutic effect, it is recommended to combine the use of drops with antibiotics; they should be prescribed by a specialist after the diagnosis has been established.

The main preventive measures for otitis in children and adults are the prevention and timely treatment of inflammatory diseases of the nose and nasopharynx, chronic diseases of the nose, and paranasal sinuses. Correctly perform nasal toilet.

Good to know:

We recommend reading:

Acute purulent otitis media

2 comments

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Otitis ear: causes, symptoms and treatment. How to treat otitis media with folk remedies

Otitis is a disease that occurs due to the development of an inflammatory process in various parts of the hearing organ. Most often, this disease manifests itself as pain and intoxication syndrome, fever, and in some cases even hearing impairment is observed.

Why does otitis externa occur?

Most often, otitis externa is accompanied by lesions of the middle and outer parts of the organ. An external disease can develop as a result of an infection that penetrates the tissue through small scratches that occur when the outer shell is damaged. The reason for this may be thermal, chemical burns, mechanical injuries, etc. In this case, the main causative agents of the disease are staphylococci and streptococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus and so on. Also, external otitis of the ear most often occurs in people who suffer from metabolic disorders in the body, hypervitaminosis, gout and diabetes.

It is worth noting that this disease begins with an inflammatory process that initially affects only the superficial layer of shells. Gradually, otitis media spreads to the tissues surrounding the ear. Often the disease spreads to the eardrums.

Causes of development of otitis media

As for otitis media, it develops mainly due to infections of the nasopharynx. In this situation, the causative agent of the disease penetrates into the middle ear cavity through the auditory tube. In this case, ARVI pathogens will cause otitis media. Treatment will be aimed at eliminating the underlying disease. What causes this disease? Most often, otitis media occurs with parainfluenza, influenza, rhinovirus and adenovirus infections, respiratory syncytial disease and others. This disease also develops in diseases caused by bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella, Streptococcus pyogenes, and pneumococcus.

Most often, otitis media occurs in children, since their auditory tube is short and wide. It is worth noting that the infection can also penetrate from the outside due to barotrauma of the eardrums or mechanical damage. Also, the development of this disease is promoted by such infectious chronic diseases as adenoids, sinusitis, tonsillitis.

Initially, otitis media of the middle ear occurs as an inflammatory process on the mucous membrane of the organ. In this case, active fluid production occurs. In viral diseases, the exudate is serous. If the process is caused by various bacteria, then purulent otitis media of the ear may begin with corresponding discharge. Often the accumulated fluid causes the eardrum to bulge. In extreme cases, it ruptures. This is the main cause of hearing loss in otitis media.

Main symptoms and signs of otitis externa

With this disease, the patient suffers from severe pain in the area of ​​the auricle or inside the organ. Patients often complain of itchy skin. In this case, putrefactive secretions are released from the outer part of the auditory organ, which have a rather unpleasant odor. With the development of external otitis, an increase in temperature to low-grade levels is often observed.

The main symptoms and signs of the development of otitis media

Otitis media begins acutely. In this case, strong pain sensations of a shooting or pulsating nature appear. This disease causes an increase in body temperature, usually up to 38 ° C and above. Symptoms such as intoxication, manifested by muscle pain, loss of appetite, headache, and weakness, are also noted. Often, with otitis media, signs appear that correspond to acute respiratory infections, such as cough, sore throat, runny nose. In this case, the patient is very worried about hearing loss, noise and congestion in the ears.

In newborns, otitis media manifests itself a little differently. The child is constantly capricious and anxious. In this case, the baby is not able to suck. A few days later, the eardrums are perforated. As a result of this, pain is reduced. Fluid gradually begins to come out of the ear canal. It can be in the form of pus or transparent. Over time, the amount of discharge decreases as the eardrum begins to scar and pain decreases. With proper treatment, otitis media in a child’s ear disappears, and the hearing organ is completely restored.

Complications of otitis media

If you do not treat the disease in a timely manner or treat it incorrectly, the following complications may occur: thrombosis of the venous sinuses, and in rare cases even sepsis, abscess and meningitis, labyrinthitis and purulent mastoiditis, impaired hearing and even deafness, adhesive otitis media of the middle ear, chronic inflammatory process, persistent perforation of the eardrum.

Diagnosis of the disease

Only a specialist in a narrow profile can make a diagnosis of otitis media. Diagnosis of the disease is based on otorhinolaryngological and clinical examination of the patient. The instrumental method for identifying the disease usually uses otoscopy, which allows you to examine the eardrums and external auditory canal using an otoscope, as well as otomicroscopy, performed using surgical optics. Audiometry, which determines hearing acuity, and tympanometry, which is a study of the mobility of the eardrums, are often used.

In order to exclude the development of complications of this disease, the doctor can use computed tomography of the bone structures of the skull, as well as a study of the brain using radiography.

Often, to make a correct diagnosis and to distinguish between purulent and viral otitis, the eardrums are punctured. This allows you to extract a certain amount of accumulated fluid for further examination. In this case, even bacteriological culture can be done, which makes it possible to determine what is the causative agent of the infection. After all, before treating otitis media, you need to know the cause of its occurrence.

Treatment of otitis media

So, otitis media - how to treat this disease? Most often, its therapy is conservative and is carried out on an outpatient basis with a mild course by an otolaryngologist. Patients with severe otitis media are required to be hospitalized. Treatment of such a disease under the supervision of a doctor avoids complications. Children with otitis media of any degree also require hospitalization. At the same time, the determination of tactics to combat the disease and its immediate treatment is carried out only after a thorough examination of the patient by a doctor.

Usually, the patient is prescribed antibiotics if he has bacterial otitis media. Treatment in this case is carried out with drugs such as Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Cefuroxime, Clavulanate, Amoxicillin, as well as Midekamicin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin. If the patient suffers from purulent otitis media, then a respiratory fluoroquinolone, for example the drug Moxifloxacin or Levofloxacin, is used in its treatment. To treat external diseases, special drops are used in the ears for otitis media. For example, these could be Polidex or Otofa products.

To reduce pain and other manifestations of the disease, drops are used in the ears for otitis media, which are used in complex therapy: the drugs Otipax and Otizol. Many specialists prescribe rinsing the ear canals with antiseptic solutions. However, this method is effective only for otitis externa. To combat the inflammatory process, the doctor may prescribe antipyretics for oral administration - ibuprofen and aspirin. These medications have moderate analgesic properties.

As for heating and physiotherapy, these treatment methods are allowed only after consultation with specialists. In most cases, it all depends on the degree of the disease.

Bee products for the treatment of otitis media

To cure ear otitis, you can prepare drops based on honey. To do this, you need to dilute this product in warm water, keeping the proportions one to one. A few drops of the solution are instilled into the sore ear.

This therapy can be supplemented with propolis tincture 20%. A tampon made of gauze is impregnated with this product and inserted into the sore ear. The course of such therapy lasts from two to three weeks.

10% propolis tincture can be used for ear drops. To do this, you need to tilt your head to your shoulder and drop just a few drops into the ear canal. This will allow the product to penetrate into the middle ear. You should hold your head in this position for several minutes.

Mint tincture for otitis media

So, how to treat otitis media at home? Of course, with herbs. An excellent remedy for this disease is mint tincture. To prepare it, you need to pour a few tablespoons of dried mint into about a glass of regular vodka. The drug should stand for several days in a closed container. Pieces of gauze are moistened in the finished product and inserted into the ear. This tincture allows you to quickly eliminate otitis media. Treatment can be supplemented with medications with the permission of the attending physician.

Herbal tincture

This is another tincture that is considered quite effective for otitis media. To prepare it, you need to take a few tablespoons of dried herbs and pour 100 milliliters of vodka. The drug is infused for seven days in complete darkness. Gauze turundas are moistened in the finished tincture and then placed in the ears.

The same method is used to prepare tinctures of calendula and St. John's wort. These remedies can eliminate the main symptoms, alleviate the patient’s condition and eliminate otitis media.

Teas and infusions against ear otitis

A variety of teas prepared from plants can improve the general condition of the patient. A drink made from red rose petals, black currant berries, rose hips and raspberry roots has healing qualities.

To wash the ear, you can use an infusion of noble laurel leaves. To prepare it, you should take a few tablespoons of pre-chopped leaves. This amount of herb is poured into a whole glass of boiling water and left for several hours. The infused leaves are filtered, and the infusion is used to treat otitis media. Before use, it should be warmed up so that it is slightly warm. For purulent otitis media, an infusion of laurel leaves is instilled directly into the ear.

Medicine from vegetables

You can also use regular garlic against purulent otitis media. To do this, a cleaned clove is placed in the ear. A good remedy for ear otitis is onions, the pulp of which is spread on a piece of gauze. The resulting compress is placed in the sore ear. Red beets have the necessary properties. The vegetable is grated and transferred to an enamel container. A glass of water and a dessert spoon of honey are added to the resulting gruel. The container is placed on low heat and its contents are brought to a boil. The broth should be kept on the fire for another 15 minutes. The finished mass is cooled and used as compresses, wrapped in a piece of gauze. Plastic film and cotton wool are placed on top. Fixed with a warm scarf for several hours. The procedure should be carried out several times a day.

Conclusion

If you have otitis media of the external or middle ear, you should definitely consult a doctor for advice. An advanced disease without timely treatment entails serious consequences. Before treating otitis media, you need to undergo a full examination. You should not engage in therapy with folk remedies on your own, since an incorrectly selected drug can only lead to a worsening of the patient’s condition.

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Treatment of otitis ear

Otitis is an inflammation of the ear. The disease is common and has serious complications. Unfortunately, not everyone knows about this and faces complications of this disease. For example, with hearing loss. In order to avoid dire consequences, it is necessary to seek medical help in a timely manner and not self-medicate.

Treatment of otitis media should begin as early as possible. A doctor must prescribe treatment. Do not self-medicate - this may worsen the condition. Therapy for otitis media includes a whole range of measures.

Otitis is divided into 3 types: external, middle and internal:

  1. Otitis externa occurs when the auricle is not properly hygienic, most often when cleaning the ear with a pin or match. A person gets an infection into the ear and inflammation develops. The disease is characterized by severe pain in the ear, aggravated by pressure on the auricle. Sometimes the pain is replaced by itching.
  2. Otitis media occurs as complications of infectious diseases: tonsillitis, scarlet fever, measles, ARVI and others. The patient will complain of ear congestion, high temperature, and hearing loss. The pain with otitis media is pulsating and shooting in nature. If you start treating otitis media, it will turn into internal.
  3. Internal otitis is characterized by unbearable ear pain, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, and high fever. The disease can lead to partial or complete hearing loss.

General treatment

With otitis media, the patient should be on bed rest. Food should be rich in vitamins and microelements. At high temperatures, a lot of fluid is prescribed. You can use fruit juices, rosehip decoction, dried fruit compote.

Pain reduction

Since any type of otitis is accompanied by severe pain, the doctor prescribes medications with an analgesic effect. Adults are prescribed paracetamol 1 tablet 4 times a day; for children, the dosage is set individually depending on the child’s body weight. Coldrex also relieves pain - for adults and Nurofen for children. Otipax and Sofradex ear drops have an analgesic effect.

To relieve swelling of the auditory tube, vasoconstrictor nasal drops are prescribed:

  • Tizin;
  • Nazivin;
  • Sanorin;
  • Claritin;
  • Naphthyzin.

Sometimes antihistamines are used to relieve swelling:

The use of these drugs is advisable if otitis media occurs against the background of an allergic disease.

Antibacterial therapy

A high temperature and the appearance of pus indicate that antibiotics should be included in treatment. Most often, for otitis, Amoxicillin is prescribed 0.5 - 0.25 g 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 10 days. If after 3 days of taking antibiotics, the patient’s condition does not improve, you need to change the drug to another. For example, Augmentin or Cefuroxime.

If the patient is intolerant to these drugs, they are prescribed macrolides:

In case of complicated course of the disease, Sparflo or Avelox is prescribed.

Antibiotic treatment should last 7 to 10 days, at the discretion of the doctor. During the period of antibacterial therapy, it is prohibited to drink alcoholic beverages. You should also not stop taking medications on your own. Even if there is an improvement, the course of medication must be completed, otherwise the disease may worsen again.

Local treatment of otitis

For otitis, you can apply a warm compress to the ear - this will speed up the inflammatory process. To do this, you need to apply a bag of heated salt to your ear or make a semi-alcohol compress. It must be remembered that you cannot apply a compress if the patient has a high temperature. If after applying the compress the patient’s pain intensifies, then it must be removed urgently.

How to make a compress correctly?

You need to take gauze or a bandage and fold it into 5 layers. Mix vodka with water 1:1. Heat the resulting solution and moisten the bandage with it. After this, wring out the bandage a little and apply it to your ear. Cellophane is placed on top of the bandage; it should completely cover the bottom layer. To prevent the compress from falling, a hole is made in each layer for the auricle. Cotton wool or flannel is placed on the cellophane.

After this, the compress is fixed with a bandage. Adults can change the compress every 5 hours. For children, the compress is changed earlier because they are afraid of getting burned.

If a warm compress does not have a therapeutic effect, it is replaced with an ice pack. The bubble is applied for 10–15 minutes for adults and for 3–5 minutes for children. The bubble is applied to a layer of cotton wool or a towel.

How to clean the ear canal?

Every day you need to clean the ear canal of pus yourself. You can use a cotton swab for this. During cleaning, the auricle should be pulled back and up, and for children back and down. You need to clean until the cotton swab is clean.

If the pus in the ear is thick, you need to drop a few drops of warmed 3% hydrogen peroxide into it and then clean it. After the procedure is completed, heated drops of Tsipromed or Dioxidin solution should be placed in the ear. Preheat to 37 degrees.

With otitis media, proper nose blowing is important. You cannot blow your nose through both nostrils at the same time and suck the contents of your nose into the oral cavity. This increases the pressure in the tympanic cavity and leads to the penetration of infected mucus into it.

Physiotherapeutic treatment

The use of physiotherapeutic procedures has a positive effect. They use pneumomassage of the eardrum, laser therapy, and UHF on the nose.

Surgery

If conservative treatment does not bring results, the patient continues to experience severe pain in the ear, high temperature, and when examining the ear with an otoscope, a protrusion of the eardrum is determined, and an incision of the eardrum or paracentesis is prescribed.

Traditional treatment

The use of folk remedies in the treatment of otitis is possible, but only after consultation with your doctor.

  1. You can use plantain juice to relieve ear pain.
  2. To improve your hearing, you need to eat 1 lemon with peel per day.
  3. Take small pieces of aloe and Kalanchoe leaves, chop them, put them in gauze and insert them into the sore ear overnight. This remedy relieves inflammation and reduces pain.
  4. For severe otitis media, propolis tincture with moonshine helps. Moisten the uterus in it and wipe the sore spot.
  5. Mix propolis tincture and water. You need 1 drop. Moisten the turunda with the solution and put it in the ear overnight. Relieves pain well.

Prevention

In order not to get sick with otitis media, you need to harden yourself and increase your immunity. In summer, eat more fruits and vegetables, in winter, take a multivitamin complex. Don't give yourself a runny nose. If it does not go away within a week, you need to consult a doctor.

Do not allow mucus to stagnate in your nose. During colds, protect your ears from water. While bathing, cover them with cotton swabs lubricated with any cream.

To avoid getting otitis externa, maintain proper ear hygiene. Wash them daily with warm water and clean only with cotton swabs.

If you experience discomfort in your ear, it is better to consult a doctor immediately. Do not delay your visit to a specialist and do not self-medicate. Remember, advanced otitis media can lead to hearing loss.

Please note: all information published on the site is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice or recommendations! To obtain the most complete information about your health, as well as to receive the necessary treatment, we strongly recommend that you consult a doctor in person!

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Otitis media: treatment in adults

Otitis media ranks second in the list of severe diseases of the ENT organs after sinusitis. If treated incorrectly or untimely, the disease can lead to serious complications and even complete hearing loss, so treatment must begin when the first symptoms appear. It is difficult not to notice the signs of otitis media, since the main symptom of the pathology is acute pain of high intensity, which intensifies when turning the head and trying to lie down on the painful side.

Treatment of the disease in adults and children is somewhat different. This is due to the anatomical features of the structure of the hearing organs. The Eustachian tubes in children are shorter and almost horizontal, while in adults they are slightly elevated. To prescribe effective treatment, it is important to correctly diagnose the form and stage of otitis media. To do this, you need to go to the clinic to see an otolaryngologist.

Otitis media: treatment in adults

Types and stages of otitis media

According to the duration and nature of the lesion, acute and chronic otitis media are distinguished. The chronic form is often the result of improper treatment or ignoring medical prescriptions when treating the acute form. The acute course of the disease is accompanied by severe pain, fever and other signs of general intoxication, especially if the inflammation is caused by fungal or bacterial microorganisms.

Doctors distinguish three stages of acute otitis media.

The catarrhal stage is characterized by a severe course and severe pain, which can radiate to the teeth, head, temporal part and back of the head. The patient is deprived of the opportunity to sleep and eat normally; any movement of the head causes acute pain. In addition to these symptoms, patients often complain of tinnitus, a feeling of fullness and decreased hearing acuity.

Catarrhal otitis media

For complete recovery at this stage, 6-7 days are enough (provided that treatment is started in the first 48 hours after the first signs appear). If therapy is carried out incorrectly, the disease becomes purulent, resulting from the proliferation of bacteria or fungus.

The purulent stage lasts no more than three days and ends with a rupture of the eardrum, through which pus flows out. To prevent re-infection, the patient must be prescribed antibiotics and other antibacterial drugs.

Important! Lack of timely medical care can lead to complications, including deadly diseases: meningitis, sepsis, or fluid accumulation in the brain space (abscess). For this reason, self-medication is unacceptable - if pain in the ears occurs or any changes in the functioning of the hearing organs, you should contact a specialist.

How to treat otitis media in adults?

Therapy for the disease is always comprehensive and selected individually, taking into account the severity of the disease, concomitant diagnoses, possible complications and the age of the patient.

Nonsuppurative otitis media

Treatment of the inflammatory process of the middle ear includes the following points:

  • antibacterial therapy;
  • use of local drugs in the form of drops;
  • compliance with strict bed rest;
  • physiotherapeutic methods;
  • vitamin therapy;
  • antimicrobial treatment;
  • the use of analgesics and NSAIDs to relieve pain.

The patient must follow all the doctor’s recommendations and observe bed rest - the speed of recovery depends on this, as well as the presence or absence of complications and consequences. In order to prevent the accumulation of purulent contents, patients are advised to drink plenty of fluids. It is better if these are decoctions of medicinal plants, berry fruit drinks or dried fruit compotes. The fact is that when taking antibiotics, you should avoid drinks containing large amounts of caffeine due to the high likelihood of side effects.

Great importance is paid to ear hygiene. If the disease proceeds with the formation of pus, it is important that all the contents are removed from the ear and not stagnate, as this can lead to new inflammatory processes and secondary infection, which is much more difficult to treat.

Video - Otitis media: causes, symptoms, treatment

Treatment regimen

The treatment regimen for acute otitis is determined individually, but the doctor takes general directions and recommendations as a basis. These include:

  • the use of vasoconstrictor drugs for instillation into the nose to eliminate swelling of the nasopharyngeal mucosa (Naphthyzin, Galazolin, Nazivin);
  • the use of antipyretic drugs to reduce temperature and eliminate febrile syndrome (“Paracetamol”);
  • instillation of medical alcohol 70% to eliminate pain (can be replaced with turunda soaked in hydrocortisone);
  • strengthening the body’s defenses and increasing local immunity with the help of immunomodulatory agents (“Immunal”, “Interferon”);
  • restoration of strength (any multivitamin complexes).

The drug Immunal to increase local immunity

If a patient is diagnosed with purulent otitis, it is important to periodically rinse with hydrogen peroxide and remove all purulent discharge from the ear.

Antibiotics

For otitis media in adults, combination antibacterial therapy is often used, including oral administration of drugs in the form of tablets and local treatment - instillation of antibiotic drops into the ears. Any medications of this pharmacological group should be selected by a doctor. Treatment at all stages should be under the supervision of a specialist, since there are cases of resistance of some strains of bacteria to certain types of antibiotics.

List of antibiotics for the treatment of otitis media

In this case, there will be no therapeutic effect from therapy. In such a situation, the doctor will select an antibiotic of a different group (taking into account the clinical picture of the disease).

In most cases, Amoxicillin becomes the drug of choice. It is active against a number of pathogenic bacteria and copes well with many strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial microorganisms. A significant disadvantage of drugs in this group is the high risk of allergic reactions, so the doctor may prescribe other types of antibiotics. Analogs of Amoxicillin are:

Antibiotic Amoxiclav for the treatment of otitis media

Ampicillin trihydrate (and drugs based on it) is no less popular in the treatment of otitis media of varying severity. It belongs to the semi-synthetic analogues of penicillin antibiotics and is prescribed for severe purulent forms of inflammatory processes in the middle ear. Like amoxicillin-based medications, ampicillin can cause allergic reactions: rash, itching, hives, eczema. Often, during treatment with ampicillin, patients develop dysbiosis, and cases of anaphylactic reactions have been recorded.

Important! Ampicillin is contraindicated in women during lactation and pregnancy, as well as in patients with severe liver dysfunction.

To treat chronic otitis media, the patient will need stronger broad-spectrum medications, such as aminoglycosides. The most popular drug in this series is Netilmicin. This drug is available in the form of an injection solution that is placed directly into the affected area. The product quickly destroys pathogenic flora and helps relieve inflammatory processes. Medicines in this group should not be used by elderly patients, as well as women carrying a child and breastfeeding.

Attention! In case of allergies or other medical indications, the doctor may select a fluoroquinolone antibiotic (for example, Ciprofloxacin) for the patient. They are less likely to cause allergies and are better tolerated by all categories of patients.

The drug Ciprofloxacin is less likely to cause allergies and is better tolerated by all categories of patients

The dosage regimen, as well as the regimen and duration of therapy should be determined by the attending physician. Ignoring medical prescriptions can lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment, chronicity of the pathological process and the development of superinfection.

Physiotherapy

Treatment using physiotherapeutic methods allows you to stop the inflammatory process, destroy pathogenic microorganisms and relieve pain. Most often, for otitis media, patients are prescribed the following types of procedures:

  • Ural irradiation (strengthens local immunity, destroys bacteria, relieves inflammation);
  • UFO pharynx and “tube-quartz”;
  • phototherapy (“blue lamp”) – eliminates pain and inflammation;
  • electrophoresis.

"Blue lamp" for the treatment of otitis media

Light therapy should not be used if there is pus in the ear. In all other cases, this method shows high results and is one of the safest ways to quickly cope with otitis media.

Important! If there is a significant decrease in hearing, the patient may require additional treatment methods: pneumomassage of the eardrum or blowing of the ear canal. The question of the appropriateness and necessity of their use should be decided by the attending physician.

Folk recipes

Aloe juice

Aloe juice helps in the treatment of otitis media

Moisten a cotton swab generously with aloe juice and insert it into the sore ear for a minute. Perform the procedure 3-4 times a day.

Onion

Grind a fresh peeled onion through a meat grinder. Squeeze the juice through cheesecloth and mix with a teaspoon of vegetable oil. Use the resulting composition for instillation into the sore ear (1-2 drops 3 times a day) or for applying compresses.

Propolis tincture

Propolis tincture has a pronounced analgesic, antibacterial, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect

A tincture of 20% propolis can be instilled into the ears. It has a pronounced analgesic, antibacterial, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect. Greater effectiveness can be achieved by mixing the tincture (100 ml) with a spoon of honey. You need to instill the product 4-5 times a day, 1-2 drops.

Garlic

The garlic needs to be peeled and a clove placed in the sore ear. It is important not to push the garlic too far as it may get stuck. An alternative solution could be a compress of garlic juice, which should be placed on the sore ear 2-4 times a day for purulent otitis media.

All of these recipes must be used until complete recovery. Before using alternative medicine methods, you should consult a doctor.

Video - How to treat otitis media at home

Treatment of otitis media is not a very difficult task if you consult a specialist in time and do not self-medicate. It is important to remember that incorrectly selected therapy can cause deadly illnesses, so it is better to entrust your health to specialists and strictly follow all prescriptions and recommendations.

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Source: http://med-explorer.ru/otolaringologiya/vosstanovlenie-organizma/otit-srednego-uxa-lechenie-u-vzroslyx.html

Ear otitis treatment

One of the most common complications of colds is inflammation of the middle ear, otitis media. The middle ear begins behind the eardrum, deep inside, and is a small, pea-sized cavity in the thickness of the temporal bone. The middle ear communicates with the external environment only through the Eustachian tube, which opens high in the nasopharynx. If there are a lot of microbes in the nasopharynx, then they directly enter the Eustachian tube, and then just into that tiny cavity called the middle ear. Against the background of general malaise, fever, and often a runny nose, a sharp, “shooting” pain in the ear suddenly occurs, which can intensify and cause many unpleasant minutes for the sick person. In advanced cases, purulent discharge from the ear canal may appear. Under unfavorable conditions or if otitis media is not completely cured, it can become chronic. Hearing loss and hearing loss may be a consequence of otitis media. Therefore, it is so important to take emergency self-help measures if this illness makes itself felt.

How to treat otitis?

1. It is important to understand that middle ear inflammation cannot be cured with drops alone. Previously, boric alcohol was used, but now it is not used, since boron is not a harmless element for the body, and its disinfectant effect is questionable. In addition, alcohol irritates the eardrum and can increase inflammation.

The causative agent of ear inflammation is coccal flora. The infection penetrates from the nasopharynx through the auditory tube. There are external, middle and internal otitis media. Otitis externa is manifested by severe pain in the ear, which intensifies with pressure on the tragus. When inflammation develops, infants behave restlessly, often spit up, and scream while sucking. Otoscopy with a diffuse process allows you to see purulent discharge and desquamation of the epithelium.

In chronic purulent otitis media, a decrease in the body's reactivity and periodic or constant suppuration from the ear are observed. During examination, a perforation is revealed in the eardrum; the mucous membrane of the middle ear is changed. On otoscopy, the color of the eardrum ranges from dull gray to bright red. The purulent process is characterized by perforation of the eardrum and suppuration. The auditory ossicles are gradually affected. Any part of the eardrum can be perforated. Otogenic intracranial complications are possible. Persistent perforation is the result of a sluggish infection of the mastoid process, unsanitized nasopharynx, as well as a consequence of scarlet fever or measles.

Now they recommend instillation preparations containing an antibiotic and a steroidal anti-inflammatory agent - sofradex, polydex, garazon and others. As for Sofradex, it is prescribed only after an ear examination by a doctor! If there is a perforation of the eardrum, Sofradex, having leaked into the inner ear, can have a toxic effect on the sensory cells of the cochlea due to the antibiotic neomycin included in its composition.

Drops with lidocaine - Otipax - have an analgesic effect. In fact, their general purpose is to treat otitis externa (inflammation of the external auditory canal), which is often observed in people with a cold. In this case, the effect is obvious: the antibiotic suppresses the activity of microbes, and the steroid reduces the activity of inflammation. In the case of inflammation of the middle ear, drops are not the only treatment. They play the role of a pain reliever, but not a pain reliever. Only some anti-inflammatory effect can be expected from the action of the steroid on the eardrum. In general, this treatment is ineffective and antibiotic therapy is required.

2. For otitis media, the doctor usually prescribes antibiotics. In mild cases, with a purely viral process, you can do without them. But still, do not refuse if your doctor decides to prescribe you antibiotics, since the complications of otitis media are much more serious than the side effects from antibiotics. Antibiotics act quite effectively on the microflora of the middle ear, preventing the development of the inflammatory process (ampicillin, amoxicillin, ampiox, oletethrin).

3. Place a warm compress on your ear. A semi-alcohol compress on the ear improves blood supply to the middle ear area and tissue nutrition, promoting a speedy recovery. With a highly developed process, electromagnetic irradiation with ultra-high frequencies or more powerful microwaves can be used. The procedure is carried out in a clinic under the supervision of a physiotherapist.

4. Local treatment of a stuffy nose, which is often the case with otitis, is certainly useful. It is necessary for adequate ventilation of the middle ear through the Eustachian tube and equalization of pressure on the eardrum, to reduce the production of exudate and its better suction into the nasal cavity.

Treatment of otitis media

After establishing an accurate diagnosis, treatment is carried out on an outpatient or inpatient basis. Antibacterial therapy is combined with local hormonal therapy. Conservative treatments include careful removal of pus, instillation of solutions of boric acid, furacillin, dioxidine or other disinfectants into the ear.

Medicinal plants and folk remedies

Collection (parts):

calendula, flowers 4

plantain, leaves 4

eucalyptus, leaves 3

licorice, roots 2

Pour 1 teaspoon of the plant mixture into 1 glass of hot water, leave for 30 minutes and drink warm throughout the day. Course 24 weeks.

Heat the remaining meal from the above herbs after preparing the infusion to 40 ° C and make a compress on the area of ​​the sore ear (16-30 minutes daily, and so on for 5-7 days).

Inject a 0.1% alcohol solution of sanguiritrin into the sore ear, 6-8 drops 3 times a day (you can also use tincture of eucalyptus, mint, plantain, chamomile, sophora or calendula).

Traditional medicine recommends:

10% tincture of lemon balm leaves - 6-8 drops 2 times a day in the ear; 5% celandine tincture - take 5 drops, and so on for 5 days;

alcohol tincture of shag (1:10) 6 drops 2 times a day.

10% tincture of walnut (Manchurian) pericarp - take 5 drops 2 times a day.

This treatment does not exclude the use of chemotherapy.

How to apply a warm compress to the ear?

For a warming compress, prepare:

  • 60-70 ml of vodka or alcohol, half diluted with water;
  • a small gauze napkin or clean cotton cloth measuring 6x6 cm;
  • polyethylene (or wax paper) 3 cm larger than a napkin;
  • cotton wool;
  • wide bandage;
  • wool or cotton scarf (in no case synthetic).

1. In a gauze napkin and polyethylene (waxed paper), make a cut in the middle of such a size that the auricle fits through it. Please note: what is needed is a cut, and not a hole in the form of an oval, circle, etc.

2. Lightly heat the vodka or aqueous alcohol solution (approximately 40°C). All other components of the compress should also be at hand.

3. Make the patient sit more comfortably, ask him to tilt his head with the affected ear up. Soak gauze in warm vodka, wring it out and quickly “thread” your ear through it. The first wet layer should lie close to the back of the ear.

4. Next, immediately apply (also by threading the ear through the incision) the second layer - polyethylene - so that it completely covers the first. The auricle itself and the ear canal remain open!

5. Place a thick layer of cotton wool on top of the polyethylene around the ear and bandage it.

6. You can place a small cotton swab soaked in warm alcohol and lightly squeezed into the ear canal. This will reduce pain if there is a “shooting” in the ear.

7. Tie the compress on top with a scarf.

Attention! Never place a warm compress on your ear overnight until the morning.

The compress lasts 1-2 hours, otherwise its seal is broken and the wet napkin no longer becomes a source of even heat, but a cold lotion.

How often to apply a compress? Once a day, until the pain stops.

Treatment of otitis media with folk remedies

For the treatment of acute and chronic otitis in the presence of purulent discharge from the ear, traditional medicine offers the following recipes:

  • Lemon. Chew 1/4 lemon with peel.
  • Peony (tincture). Take 20 drops 3 times a day.
  • Calendula (70% tincture of flowers, sold in pharmacies). Apply a compress to the behind-the-ear and parotid areas.
  • Onion (juice). Soak a swab in fresh onion juice, squeeze lightly and place in your ear. Tie a woolen scarf over the ear or apply an alcohol compress to the parotid area.
  • Horseradish (juice). For purulent inflammation, place 3-4 drops of horseradish juice into the ear.
  • Juniper (berries). Insert a cotton swab dipped in an alcoholic tincture of juniper berries into your ear.
  • Geranium fragrant (houseplant). Roll a fresh leaf into a tube and insert it into the ball! my ear (relieves inflammation and relieves “shooting” pain in the ears).
  • White elderberry (flowers), chamomile (flowers) - in equal parts. Mix the herbs, steam and use as a compress (relieves ear pain).
  • Ramson (plant). Place wild garlic juice in your ears.
  • Beetroot, honey Peel, wash the beets, cut into slices and cook in honey. Place on the sore ear as compresses.
  • Bay leaf. Pour 5 bay leaves with 1 cup of boiling water, bring to a boil, heat in a water bath with the lid closed for 2 hours, cool at room temperature for 45 minutes, strain, squeeze. Place 8-10 drops of the resulting decoction into the sore ear and drink 2-3 tablespoons of the warm solution. Do the procedure 3 times (for ear pain, suppuration).
  • Onions (juice), cumin. At the top of the onion, cut a small part in the form of a cube, place 1 teaspoon of crushed cumin seeds in the recess, cover with the cut out part, bake, squeeze the juice from the hot onion and place 2-3 drops in your ear 3 times a day.
  • Egg. Hard boil 2 chicken eggs. Run under cold water, then clean. Separate the white from the yolk. Wrap the warm white in a thick cotton cloth and squeeze it with all your might until liquid starts to drip. This liquid, slightly warmed, should be instilled into the ears.
  • Mumiyo. At night, place tampons soaked in a 2.5% mummy solution in your ears. For severe pain, change tampons several times a day. If there is discharge from the ear, bury the mummy in a mixture with furatsilin. After or during the procedure, the ears should be warmed up.
  • Propolis. For purulent inflammation of the middle ear, use a 30% alcohol extract of propolis - 5 drops into the external auditory canal 3 times a day. For advanced forms of the disease, insert gauze pads moistened with this extract into the external auditory canal for a day. The course of treatment is 10-12 days, depending on the degree of the disease. Propolis kills germs, relieves pain and eliminates unpleasant odor in purulent inflammation of the ears. Turundas should be changed daily.
  • Milk, hemp oil. For ear pain, rinse your ear with hot milk, to which hemp oil has been added when boiled.
  • Sea buckthorn oil with honey. Place 1 drop of sea buckthorn oil and 1 drop of melted honey into your ear, then cover the ear canal with cotton wool for 1 hour.

wise advice

Pumpkin seeds are very rich in zinc, which the male body especially needs. They help get rid of acne and pimples in adolescence, and in adulthood - from prostatitis and prostate adenoma. To do this, you need to eat about a glass of pumpkin seeds a day for several months.

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