Complex nasal drops instructions

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Complex nasal drops for a child and features of their use

Advantages

Complex nasal drops are selected by the doctor individually for each child, taking into account his age, health condition and complaints. The advantage of manufactured drops is that they:

Table of contents:

  • are much cheaper;
  • freshly prepared;
  • are made strictly according to a doctor’s prescription, which means they are optimally selected for your child, taking into account the severity of the disease, the shape and type of the runny nose, and sensitivity to antibiotics.
  • provide the opportunity to select the best combination of components for allergies to certain medications.
  • are a worthy remedy for the treatment of sinusitis.

Not every pharmacy prepares drops, but only the so-called production ones, the number of which is small in the city. You can find such pharmacies at children's hospitals and clinics.

You can buy ready-made complex combination drugs on sale, for example, Polydexa, Vibrocil and Nasonex.

Indications

Complex nasal drops are prescribed:

  • For a runny nose that cannot be treated with other medications within 10 days;
  • For allergies;
  • Nasopharyngitis;
  • For the treatment of sinusitis, including allergic sinusitis;
  • Bordizone is intended for the treatment of adenoids. Bordizone is also prepared in a pharmacy with a doctor's prescription.

What do they include

The complex drops contain only pharmacological preparations; they do not have additives, fragrances or dyes.

The composition of the drops depends on several factors, including the form of the runny nose - allergic, viral or bacterial, and the course of the disease - acute, appearing for the first time, or an exacerbation of a chronic disease.

List of main pharmacological groups of drugs that are included in complex drops prescribed for the treatment of children:

  1. Decogestants or vasoconstrictors: Metazon, Naphthyzin, Xylometazoline (Pharmazolin, Galazolin), Oxymetazoline (Nazivin). They quickly and for several hours relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa, eliminate congestion, and make breathing easier. Treatment with drops containing a vasoconstrictor should not exceed 3–7 days due to the risk of developing atrophy of the nasal mucosa.
  2. Antihistamines: Diphenhydramine or Suprastin is usually used. Intended for the treatment of sinusitis of allergic origin, runny nose due to allergies and bronchial asthma.
  3. Bactericidal agents, including antibiotics. For example, Lincomycin, Gentamicin, Cefazolin, Furacilin, Dioxidin, Miramistin. They are prescribed to disinfect the nose, destroy bacteria, and stop their reproduction. Also to prevent the development of a bacterial infection during a prolonged cold, especially if there is a predisposition to the development of sinusitis - a deviated nasal septum, immunodeficiency, polyps or adenoids.
  4. Hormonal agent. Most often these are glucocorticosteroids - Hydrocortisone or Dexamethasone. Both Hydrocortisone and Dexamethasone have a rapid and persistent anti-inflammatory effect, relieve swelling and allergic reactions. Hormonal drugs should not be used for a long time, not only in children, but also in adults. In childhood, the danger comes from dysfunction of the adrenal glands that produce growth hormone. Therefore, some drugs are approved only for children over 6 years of age. Bordizone contains Hydrocortisone.
  5. Saline solution or injection water. Included in all drops.

A detailed description of contraindications, side effects and the age at which they can be used is contained in the official instructions for use.

Approximate content

approximate composition of complex drops. We do not indicate concentrations and doses, as this should be done by the attending physician. Making and using these drops yourself may pose a risk to your child's health.

  • Recipe No. 1: Farmazolin-Dioxidine-Hydrocortisone.
  • Recipe No. 2: Metazon-Dioxidine-Hydrocortisone.
  • Recipe No. 3: Naphthyzin-Dexamethasone-Miramistin.
  • Recipe No. 4: Galazolin-Dexamethasone-Dioxidine.
  • Recipe No. 5: Nazivin-Dexamethasone-Dioxidine.
  • Recipe No. 6: Farmazolin-Diphenhydramine-Cefazolin-Hydrocortisone.
  • Recipe No. 7: Nazivin-Lincomycin-Dexamethasone.

Sometimes, to treat sinusitis or a runny nose in children, the doctor additionally includes aloe juice, eucalyptus, menthol or pine oil in the composition. This is done provided that the added substances do not cause allergies in the child.

How to use

Before instillation, for better penetration of the medicine into the mucous membrane, the nose should be rinsed well with saline solution and cleared of secretions. To cleanse the nose of crusts 10–15 minutes before the procedure, it can be treated with any vegetable oil. Then place 2-3 drops of medicine into each nostril. If the child refuses instillation, you can soak a cotton swab in the medicine and insert it into the nose for a few minutes.

The frequency and duration of use is determined by the doctor individually in each case.

Flaws

  • Contraindicated for children under 5 years of age.
  • It is difficult to find a commercial pharmacy even in large cities, not to mention small towns and rural areas, where such drops are simply not available to residents.
  • This combination medicine has not undergone clinical trials, so its effect on the body of children and the consequences of its use are unknown.
  • Not all substances included in the composition are intended for instillation into the nose.
  • The more drugs there are, the more contraindications and side effects, and the higher the risk of developing allergies.

If there is no pharmacy that prepares prescription medications, then the drops can be made independently according to the prescription and instructions from the doctor. However, this option is suitable for older children, since the dosage may be inaccurate and the preparation conditions may be far from sterile.

Storage conditions

The prepared product can be used within 7 days. It should be stored in the refrigerator; before use, take the solution into a pipette and warm it in a warm palm.

If, after using complex drops, children develop undesirable symptoms such as jumps in blood pressure, nosebleeds, arrhythmia, discomfort and dry nose, the drops should be discontinued.

Perhaps the doctor chose the wrong dosage, or your child has an intolerance to one of the components included in the composition.

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Complex nasal drops: 10 recipes for all occasions

Complex nasal drops are a medicine consisting of several ingredients and prepared according to an individual prescription for a specific patient. The choice of medications included in complex nasal drops depends on the diagnosis of the patient, the severity and duration of the disease.

This is due to the fact that some medications are categorically incompatible when prescribed simultaneously, others are contraindicated up to a certain age, others have a certain list of restrictions on prescription, etc. Only a qualified specialist will be able to correctly compose an individual recipe and correctly calculate the proportions in which the main ingredients will be mixed.

When are complex nasal drops prescribed?

The composition of complex drops (hereinafter SC), as a rule, includes two or more components. They are manufactured by pharmacists according to a prescription prescribed to the patient by an otolaryngologist. Any large pharmacies are involved in the preparation of such medicine. If desired, the patient can prepare the drug himself, after preliminary consultation with a doctor.

Indications for use are:

  • lack of effect from the use of a monocomponent drug or complex therapy;
  • deterioration of condition despite prescribed treatment;
  • protracted course or transition of the disease to a chronic form;
  • the need to prescribe several medications at the same time;
  • mixed nature of the disease (viral-bacterial, infectious-allergic);
  • severe forms of nasopharyngitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, otitis, etc.

This medicine is not prescribed for ordinary, mild runny nose.

Main components of the medicine

SK in the nose can combine vasoconstrictor, antihistamine, antibacterial and hormonal components.

Vasoconstrictor drugs are prescribed for the purpose of:

  • reduce the severity of swelling of the mucous membrane;
  • improve the patency of the nasal passages and aeration of the paranasal sinuses;
  • facilitate the discharge of pathological secretions.

This is the main component of SCs, since they provide effectiveness from the use of other ingredients, since pronounced edema prevents the penetration of the drug into the inflammatory focus.

Antihistamines are a mandatory component for the allergic nature of inflammation. They can also be used to reduce the severity of edema due to the vasoconstrictor effect.

Antibiotics are prescribed for bacterial inflammation. They help destroy the pathogen. Indications for their use are purulent discharge from the nasal passages, an unpleasant and pungent odor of mucus, a protracted course of the disease with exacerbations accompanied by the discharge of green mucus. Complex nasal drops may contain gentamicin, streptomycin, ceftriaxone, cefazolin, etc.

For children over three years of age, furatsilin can be used as a local antiseptic.

Glucocorticosteroid hormones have pronounced vasoconstrictor, decongestant, antihistamine and anti-inflammatory effects. They are indicated for inflammation of both infectious and allergic origin.

Popular recipes for complex nasal drops

One of the frequently used compositions of complex nasal drops is a mixture of Dioxidin (half an ampoule), Dexamethasone (one ampoule) and Naphthyzin (one vial).

If swelling of the mucous membrane is caused only by an infectious-inflammatory component, you can use a mixture of Naphthisin and Dioxidine in a 1:1 ratio.

Recipes with aloe juice have a good anti-inflammatory effect. For instillation into the nose, Dioxidin and Dexamethasone are mixed in a ratio of 10:1 (10 ml of Dioxidin per milliliter of Dexamethasone). Next, you need to add two milliliters of aloe juice. The disadvantage of this recipe is its short shelf life. While other mixtures can be stored in the refrigerator for five to seven days, nasal drops with aloe are not recommended to be stored for more than three days. After this period, if there is a need to continue their use, the mixture must be prepared again.

Another popular recipe is a mixture of 10 milliliters of Dioxidin, 2 ml of Hydrocortisone and one ml of Mezaton. If necessary, enhance the anti-inflammatory effect, you can add one ml of aloe juice.

According to indications, a solution with Dioxidine (5 ml) and Hydrocortisone (two milliliters) can be supplemented with Farmazolin (five milliliters).

Complex drops with Galazolin (10 milliliters), Dexamethasone (5 milliliters) and Dioxidin (10 ml) are also often used.

In case of severe swelling of the mucous membrane and the impossibility of nasal breathing, use complex drops with Dioxidine (one amp.) + 0.5 bottles of Naphthyzin + one amp. Dexamethasone + one amp. Diphenhydramine.

For the treatment of purulent runny nose in young children, a mixture of Dioxidin (5 ml), Hydrocortisone (one ml) and Sulfacyl (5 ml) is often prescribed. For children you need to use 0.5% Dioxidin and 20% Sulfacil.

Also, children are often prescribed drops with 10 ml of Naphthyzin, 10 ml of Miramistin and one milliliter of Dexamethasone.

To reduce the severity of edema and improve aeration of the sinuses, for sinusitis, a mixture of Dexamethasone with Dioxidine is prescribed in the proportion of 1 ml: 5 ml, with the addition of 15 drops of Nazivin.

Nasal drops with Xylene (10 ml), Dioxidin (5 ml) and Dexamethasone (1 ampoule) have a pronounced effect.

10. Drops with antibiotics are prescribed when the bacterial nature of the inflammation is confirmed.

Most often, a mixture of Dexamethasone, Ceftriaxone and saline is prescribed in a 1:1:1 ratio.

Complex drops with Ceftriaxone can be prescribed to both adults and young children.

Another popular recipe with a cephalosporin antibiotic is a combination of Cefazolin (1 bottle), five milliliters of Farmazolin, two milliliters of hydrocortisone and 10 milliliters of saline. In case of severe swelling of the mucous membrane, you can add one milliliter of Diphenhydramine.

Complex drops with Gentamicin and saline can be sprayed through a nebulizer to enhance effectiveness and speed up recovery.

Complex drops with 10% Lincomycin can be mixed with an ampoule of Diphenhydramine or Suprastin, adding one bottle of Vibrocil.

Features of manufacturing complex drops

It is strictly forbidden to independently select the ingredients of medications for children. For children under three years of age, such mixtures are prescribed only when absolutely necessary. Treatment should be strictly under the supervision of a qualified specialist.

When choosing the main components, it is necessary to take into account the presence of allergies, age restrictions or other contraindications for use.

The percentage of active ingredient is also taken into account:

  • for children, only 0.5% Dioxidin should be used. For adults use 1%;
  • cap. Xylene 0.1% is prescribed from the age of six. Up to 6 years of age it is necessary to use 0.05% drops;
  • for SC in the nose of children, it is preferable to prescribe 20% Sulfacil;
  • Dexamethasone is used at a concentration of 0.1%, hydrocortisone - 2.5%;
  • Farmazolin is used at 0.05%, a concentration of 0.1% is suitable only for adults with severe, persistent swelling of the mucous membrane.
  • Diphenhydramine is used in a concentration of one percent;
  • Nazivin for children under one year old should be 0.01%, from one to six years old it can be prescribed 0.025%, and from six years old 0.05%;
  • Naphthyzin is prescribed 0.05%, adults 0.1%;
  • Mezaton is used at a concentration of 1%.

To increase the effectiveness of the medicine, it is necessary to clean the nasal passages before instillation. For young children, sticky sputum can be removed using a medicinal bulb (micro-enemas). It is also effective to rinse the passages with a weak saline solution or Aquamaris, Dolphin. If you experience a burning sensation or a feeling of dryness, you can drip two drops of sea buckthorn or peach oil into each stroke after half an hour.

Main contraindications to the components

These contraindications and restrictions are taken into account despite the low systemic absorption of the components of the drops.

Mixtures with Dioxidin are not prescribed for adrenal dysfunction (adrenal insufficiency), pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Vibrocil should not be used in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors or in the presence of atrophic rhinitis if they are allergic to the components of the drug. Also, it is not recommended for nursing and pregnant women.

Diphenhydramine is contraindicated in breastfeeding, newborns, patients with angle-closure glaucoma, bronchial asthma, prostate hypertrophy, stenosing gastric and duodenal ulcers, pyloroduodenal obstruction, and pregnant women.

Suprastin is not used in the presence of bronchial asthma, taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors, closed-angle glaucoma, arrhythmia and tachycardia, and it is also not prescribed to patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Xylene is not used in the presence of individual intolerance to xylometazoline preparations, in the presence of arterial hypertension, tachycardia, severe forms of atherosclerosis, glaucoma and atrophic rhinitis. In patients with chronic forms of rhinitis, the use of Xylene for more than three days is not recommended. The drug is contraindicated in women who are breastfeeding; if it is prescribed, breastfeeding must be discontinued. For pregnant women, this medicine is prescribed strictly on the recommendation of a doctor, for a period of no more than 3 days.

The use of Farmazolin is strictly prohibited for angle-closure glaucoma, atrophic rhinitis, severe atherosclerosis, tachycardia, arterial hypertension and hyperthyroidism.

Nazivin is not prescribed for angle-closure glaucoma, atrophic rhinitis, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, tachycardia, hyperthyroidism and pheochromocytoma.

Naphthyzine is not used in patients with tachycardia, high blood pressure and severe atherosclerosis.

Miramistin is not used if there is an individual intolerance to the components.

Gentamicin is not used to treat pregnant, lactating, or newborns. It is also contraindicated in patients with acoustic neuritis, uremia, severe renal or liver dysfunction.

A solution with sulfacyl is not prescribed if there is individual intolerance to sulfonamide antibiotics.

Lincomycin should not be taken by pregnant or lactating women, as well as by persons with individual intolerance to the drug or severe kidney and liver dysfunction.

Side effects from use

The most common side effects are complaints of dry mucous membranes, burning and a feeling of too “hard and dry” air. Most often, such symptoms occur when using Dioxidin.

Rarely, nosebleeds may develop. Older people are at risk of developing glaucoma.

Rhythm disturbances, tachycardia, dizziness, weakness and nausea are rarely observed.

To reduce the risk of complications from treatment, it is not recommended to use the product for more than five days unless absolutely necessary. You also need to follow the instructions of your doctor and not change the dosage and frequency of instillation. If the medicine is prepared at home, it is important to strictly follow the proportions prescribed in the recipe.

Complex drops or combined preparations, which is better?

The advantage of SCs over ready-made combination drugs is their low cost and availability. Also, an important advantage is the possibility of an individual approach, taking into account the needs and characteristics of each patient.

Disadvantages include the lack of official studies on the safety and effectiveness of such recipes. In this regard, many patients, especially when it comes to young children, prefer to buy expensive registered drugs that have passed the necessary clinical trials. Some parents unreasonably believe that by writing such a prescription, the doctor is experimenting with their baby, prescribing untested remedies. However, they do not take into account that the presence of a beautiful label and advertised name is not a guarantee that the child will not experience allergies or side effects.

The choice of medication must be justified and individual. Using a recipe or remedy that helped a neighbor, an acquaintance, or was once prescribed to the patient himself, but for a different disease, may not only not give the desired effect and recovery, but also significantly worsen the course of the disease.

Infectious disease doctor A. L. Chernenko

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Complex nasal drops: indications for use

Some experienced otolaryngologists recommend using complex nasal drops in the treatment of many ENT diseases. These are medicines that contain two or more components.

Typically, this type of medication is used for long-term problems when other remedies do not help. Their use must be agreed with a doctor, from whom instructions for the preparation, use and storage of the solution must also be received. Currently, the use of complex nasal drops has decreased, as combination drugs appear in medicine, for example, Polydex, which contain many components necessary for treatment. However, there are specialists who sometimes consider it necessary to use the old proven method even for treating children.

Features of such tools

Complex nasal drops have their own advantages and disadvantages that must be taken into account when starting to use them. The advantages of such funds are as follows:

  • the doctor makes an individual selection of components for an adult or a child, determined by the specific symptoms and characteristics of the patient;
  • the components of complex drops are most often inexpensive and accessible means;
  • The effectiveness of using several means at the same time is higher than when using them separately.

Despite all the advantages, it is necessary to pay attention to the existing disadvantages:

  • individual components are not initially indicated for use in the form of nasal drops;
  • if you do not follow the correct proportions, you can overdose when preparing the solution yourself;
  • some medications have a systemic effect on the body;
  • It is quite difficult to prepare a mixture for complex drops yourself;
  • due to the large number of components, not only the beneficial effect increases, but also contraindications and side effects;
  • There are no clinical studies of such drugs regarding their effectiveness and safety for adults and children.

Indications

Complex nasal drops are prescribed in the same situations as regular drops:

  • for acute and chronic rhinitis;
  • for acute and chronic sinusitis;
  • for otitis and other problems of the nasal cavity and ENT organs in adults and children.

These drugs are used for viral, bacterial and allergic causes of the disease. Depending on the cause of the disease, the composition of the drops is determined.

Possible components

Complex nasal drops usually include several different components:

  • Saline solution, water or antiseptic solution act as a base for the drops. As an antiseptic, the composition may include “Furacilin” or “Dioxidin”. The most common component in complex drops is Dioxidin. “Dioxidin” also has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effects, and therefore it is appropriate to use it if you are predisposed to sinusitis and other severe problems associated with difficulty in nasal breathing. The prescription may also contain a solution of collargol or protargol, but these drugs are not used to treat children under 5 years of age due to the presence of colloidal silver.
  • Antihistamines are necessary to relieve swelling of the mucous membrane and relieve itching and burning in the nose. They are especially relevant for diseases of an allergic nature. The drops usually include Suprastin or Diphenhydramine.
  • Almost every recipe for complex nasal drops contains vasoconstrictors. Thanks to them, nasal congestion goes away and the nasal passages widen. If the product is prepared in a pharmacy, Adrenaline or Mezaton can be used. When making drops at home, ready-made vasoconstrictor preparations for the nose are used, for example, Naphthyzin. Vasoconstrictor drugs should be used with caution in the treatment of children and pregnant women, as they cause increased heart rate and increased blood pressure. You cannot use products containing vasoconstrictor drugs for longer than 5-7 days, so as not to cause atrophic processes in the mucosa.
  • Glucocorticosteroid hormones have anti-inflammatory, anti-edema and anti-allergic effects, so they are also sometimes included in complex drops. Dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, etc. are usually used. It is worth remembering that such substances, when used for a long time, can inhibit the functions of the adrenal glands, and therefore they must be used with extreme caution, especially if the drugs are intended for a child. It is better to use drugs indicated for intranasal use, for example, Nasobek or Nasonex.
  • Sometimes the recipe for complex nasal drops contains antibiotics, but there must be indications for their use (only if the disease is bacterial in nature). Lincomycin, penicillin, or gentamicin may be used. If the drops are prepared at home, it is better not to use antibiotics, otherwise there is a high probability of severe side effects.
  • Additional agents may include extracts of medicinal plants, essential oils or solutions of vitamins that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Individual recipes

Below we will consider popular recipes for complex nasal drops, but they can only be used after consulting an otolaryngologist. It is impossible to self-medicate, especially if a child is sick, otherwise serious consequences may arise. Typically, such serious measures are resorted to in cases where a runny nose does not go away for a long time and is complicated by other health problems.

  1. One of the popular recipes for preparing complex nasal drops is the following: mix Naphthyzin (0.05% solution) and Dioxidin in equal proportions. You can mix such a solution directly in a Naphthyzin jar. A similar remedy is used to relieve adults and children from a prolonged runny nose and the complications that arise from it (for example, adenoiditis). There is an opinion that you can use Dioxidin alone, but in some cases without Naphthyzin it is absolutely ineffective.
  2. Another popular recipe with Dioxidin includes a larger number of ingredients. Mix “Dioxidin” (half an ampoule), “Naphthyzin” (half a vial), “Dexamethasone” (1 ampoule), “Diphenhydramine” (1 ampoule).
  3. Pharmacy drops with Dioxidin usually contain a suspension of Hydrocortisone and Adrenaline, but such products are prepared only in pharmacies and not at home.
  4. Another option for preparing complex nasal drops: mix “Dioxidin” (5 ml), a 2.5% solution of hydrocortisone (2 ml), “Mezaton” (1 ml) and “Lincomycin” (2 ml).
  5. Another recipe involves a mixture of Dexamethasone (10 ml), Albucid (10 ml), Adrenaline (1 ml) and Tavegil (2 ml). Albucid is usually used to treat eye diseases, but it is often included in nasal drops.
  6. For children, the following composition is often recommended: a bottle of penicillin for 500 units, an ampoule of Hydrocortisone, 0.3 ml of boiled water and 7 ml of Naphthyzin.
  7. There are recipes that contain a larger number of components (for example, Diphenhydramine, Dexamethasone, Cefazolin, Naphthyzin, saline, aloe juice), but such products can be effective in some cases and useless or even dangerous in others . The doctor always selects a prescription individually, based on the patient’s symptoms.

Usage procedure

Drops containing “Dioxidin” or prepared according to another recipe are usually used according to the following algorithm:
  • it is necessary to clean the nose (in small children - using an aspirator),
  • instill 1-2 drops of the product into each nostril (if it is difficult to put drops in a child’s nose, you can soak cotton swabs in the prepared solution and leave them in the nose for 1-2 minutes),
  • After a few minutes, you can drop a drop of vegetable oil into each nostril.

After preparing the mixture, it can be stored in the refrigerator for 5-7 days, but usually the use of complex drops involves quick relief from a runny nose and other problems.

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Complex nasal drops for children: composition, purpose and use

A runny nose accompanies various inflammatory and infectious diseases of the respiratory tract. It is a particularly common problem in childhood. Parents are concerned that nasal discharge does not go away for a long time, and nasal drops do not have any effect.

What are complex nasal drops

Complex nasal drops are a solution that is prepared individually for each patient and contains more than two components

Complex nasal instillations are those drops that contain two or more medicinal substances. The doctor writes a prescription necessary to eliminate a runny nose, and pharmacists prepare such drugs. Therefore, you can order and purchase them in pharmacies that have a prescription department. In the prescription, the specialist indicates the dosage, frequency of use and duration of therapy.

You can make complex drops at home, strictly following the preparation instructions given by your doctor, namely the ratio of components and sterility. However, it is better to entrust the preparation of a solution for the treatment of rhinitis in children to an experienced specialist. Under no circumstances should you prepare a product based on a recipe from the Internet or a recipe used by friends. Complex drops not only help reduce discharge and relieve swelling, they act on the causes that provoked the development of the disease: pathogenic bacteria, viral infection, fungus or allergens.

Two-component or multi-component nasal drops are prescribed to children when rhinorrhea does not go away for more than ten days.

Such a remedy is selected with an individual approach. This takes into account the etiology of the disease, which is accompanied by a runny nose, the thickness and color of nasal discharge, the patient’s age, and the characteristics of the body. Also, the choice of components of complex drops depends on the diagnosis and severity of the disease, the child’s weight, and the state of immunity.

Although ready-made combination drops have appeared on the pharmaceutical market, for example, Polydex, Vibrocil, Nasobek, Nasonex, experienced otolaryngologists consider it necessary to prescribe these drugs to both adults and children.

Useful video - Treatment of sinusitis in children with complex drops:

The advantages of complex drops are:

  • Availability and low cost of the components that are part of the combined products.
  • An individual approach to the selection of ingredients for preparing complex drops.
  • The simultaneous use of several components increases the effectiveness of treatment.

Among the disadvantages of such combination drugs:

  • May cause complications.
  • Do not use for ordinary rhinitis.
  • The prepared solution can be stored for no more than fourteen days.
  • If, when preparing it yourself, the proportions of the components are violated, an overdose of the product is possible.
  • There are contraindications to the use of certain substances, as well as adverse reactions.

It is important for parents to remember that it is not allowed to independently select and use complex drops in the treatment of a runny nose in children. After all, such actions can only aggravate the problem and influence the development of undesirable consequences. The remedy is quite powerful, and only a specialist can prescribe it.

Indications for use

Complex drops are prescribed when nasal diseases are protracted and simple drops are no longer effective

Complex drops can be prescribed by a specialist in the following cases:

  • If the runny nose is quite prolonged - up to two weeks.
  • When there is no effectiveness from the use of other nasal drops.
  • If the patient has hypersensitivity to the substances of the combined agents.

Indications for the use of such combined drops are severe forms of the following pathological conditions:

The purpose of complex drops also depends on the etiology of the runny nose (bacterial, fungal, viral, allergic). To determine the cause, the child needs to undergo the necessary tests.

The doctor may prescribe combination drops if you are predisposed to sinusitis (deviated nasal septum, adenoids, polyps, immunodeficiency).

Composition of complex drops

The composition of complex nasal drops for children should be prescribed by a doctor depending on the type, severity of the disease and the age of the child.

Combined preparations for instillation of the nasal passages may include the following components:

  • Antiseptic liquid, saline solution or boiled cooled water are used for the base of nasal drops. Often used for preparation are antiseptics such as Dioxidin or Furacilin, which also have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. Dioxidin helps relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa. Miramistin antiseptic solution can also be used.
  • Protargol or collargol solution. They contain colloidal silver, therefore they are prescribed as a component in the treatment of children from five years of age.
  • Vasoconstrictor components. Facilitate nasal breathing, eliminating congestion and expanding the nasal passages. To prepare complex drops, Metazon, Ephidrine, Adrenaline, Naphthyzin, Nazivin, Galazolin, Farmazolin are used. However, due to adverse reactions, such drugs are used in children in rare cases. This drug is selected depending on the age of the children. It is also important to remember that these drugs are not allowed to be used for more than five days in order to avoid atrophic processes.
  • Antihistamines. They help relieve swelling and relieve burning and itching in the nasal passages. Used for runny nose caused by allergens. Usually, Diphenhydramine and Tavegil, Suprastin are used to prepare combined nasal medications. Among the more modern drugs of the antihistamine group are Zyrtec, Fenistil, Kromhexal.
  • Antibacterial substances. Add to the composition of complex drops if the disease is of bacterial etiology. In this case, the nasal discharge is purulent - with an unpleasant odor and a green tint. The following antibiotics can be used: Penicillin, Lincomycin, Gentamicin, Cefazolin. Complex drops containing such substances should be prepared for children only in pharmaceutical institutions.
  • Excipients of complex drops can be essential oil (pine, eucalyptus, menthol, pine), extracts of medicinal plants (aloe), vitamin preparations in solutions. They have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and help soften the nasal mucosa.
  • Complex drops may include glucocorticosteroids, for example, Hydrocortisone, Dexamethasone, Prednisolone, Bordizone. They are used with caution in the treatment of runny nose in childhood, since they weaken the functioning of the endocrine system with prolonged use.
  • Experts often recommend mixing nasal drops for children, such as Sanorin, Otrivin, Vibrocil, Nazivin.

Recipes for preparing the product

Among the frequently prescribed recipes for children is a remedy that is prepared from the following components:

  • Boiled water (chilled) – 0.3 ml
  • Naphthyzin 0.05% – 7 ml
  • Penicillin – 500 ml bottle
  • Hydrocortisone – 1 ampoule

Drops based on Dioxidin and Naphthyzin are considered effective in the treatment of long-term rhinitis. They are mixed in equal parts for the solution.

Complex drops are also prepared using this recipe:

  • Dioxidin – half an ampoule
  • Dexamethasone – one ampoule
  • Naphthyzin – half a bottle
  • Diphenhydramine – one ampoule

Pharmacies make drops with Hydrocortisone, Dioxidin and Adrenaline. However, such a product is not allowed to be prepared independently.

For bacterial rhinitis, the prescription may include an antibiotic of the cephalosporin group - Cefazolin, which is mixed with Naphthisin, injection solution, Diphenhydramine, aloe juice, Dexamethasone. Another effective recipe for this is a solution containing Hydrocortisone, Dioxidin, Lincomycin, Metazon.

The following remedy can be used for a prolonged runny nose:

Other recipes that specialists can prescribe for rhinitis:

  • Dexamethasone (1ml), Naphthyzin (10 ml), Miramistin (10 ml)
  • Sofradex (5 ml), Dexamethasone (1 ml), Lincomycin (1 bottle), Nazivin (10 ml)
  • Dioxidine (5 ml), Galazolin (5 ml), Dexamethasone (2 ml)
  • Dioxidine (5 ml), Farmazolin (5 ml), Hydrocortisone (2 ml)

There are many recipes for preparing complex drops. But you should not use any without the prescription of a specialist, especially in order to cure a runny nose in a child. The selection of medications for the product is carried out with an individual approach, taking into account all the nuances of the course of the disease and the characteristics of the child’s body.

Features of application

The correct dosage and course of treatment with complex drops is prescribed by the doctor!

It is important to know that complex drops can only be used in the treatment of children if they are prescribed by a specialist.

For the therapy to be effective, it is necessary to adhere to the rules for performing nasal instillation in a child. First, to do this, you should clear the nasal passages of mucus. Rinsing will help clear the nose of secretions. An effective remedy for this is considered to be a medicine based on salt water. In children, nasal cleansing is carried out using a special aspirator.

The dosage of drops is determined by a specialist. Usually it is a few drops alternately into each nasal passage. If it is necessary to use complex drops in small children, you can moisten a cotton swab in the solution for internal use and leave it in the nose for a few minutes. After instillation, it is recommended to soften each nostril with a drop of vegetable oil.

It must be remembered that complex drops can be stored in a cold place for no more than half a month.

Side effects when using drops may include the following reactions: rapid pulse, dry nasal mucosa, decreased local immunity, nosebleeds. These effects mainly appear in case of overdose, which is provoked by violations of the rules for preparing or using complex drops. If such reactions are present, you should consult your doctor about the possibility of further use of the product.

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The medical information published on this page is strictly not recommended for self-medication. If you feel negative changes in your health, immediately contact an ENT specialist. All articles published on our resource are for informational purposes only. If you use this material or a fragment of it on your website, an active link to the source is required.

Source: http://tvojlor.com/lekarstva/ot-prostudy/ot-nasmorka/slozhnye-kapli-v-nos-dlya-detej.html

Complex nasal drops for children: composition and instructions

Every mother knows firsthand the situation when a child catches a cold and has a runny nose. In ordinary cases, simple nasal drops help, providing quick relief from nasal congestion. However, if the illness has been prolonged and conventional remedies for the common cold do not help, the doctor may prescribe treatment with special compound drops.

Indications for use

Complex drops (compound) are a medicine for the treatment of a runny nose that contains more than one component. Combined drops are able to act in several directions simultaneously, thereby accelerating the healing process.

Complex drops for children are not prescribed very often, since many components are approved for use only from a certain age. But if the cold has become protracted or complications have arisen, the doctor can, at his discretion, create a prescription for compound drops, taking into account the age and physiological characteristics of the child.

Drops are used for the following diseases:

In addition, complex drops can be prescribed by a doctor if a child has an allergic reaction to any particular type of nasal drops.

The composition of nasal drops is determined individually and only by the attending ENT doctor.

The choice of components for complex drops depends on many factors:

  • forms of runny nose (allergic, physiological, bacterial);
  • severity of the disease (acute, chronic);
  • the nature of the discharge from the nasal cavity (thick or liquid, purulent or clear, etc.);
  • characteristics of the body (the presence of contraindications to certain medications);
  • presence of complications (otitis, sinusitis);
  • child's age;
  • presence of an allergy to any medicinal component.

What are complex drops made of? Their composition is varied, as a rule, it is formed by the attending physician depending on the form of the disease. Each ingredient in the compound drops can also act as a separate medicine.

Only a pharmacist in a pharmacy with a special department for preparing prescription drugs can prepare such a solution. You can prepare such a solution yourself if you follow the doctor’s instructions, observe the doses of the components and observe sterility during preparation.

Important! It is not recommended to prepare a solution of drops following recipes posted on Internet resources! The prescription must be written by a competent specialist.

Advantages and disadvantages of using compound drops

Old-time otolaryngologists adhere to the use of compound drops in treatment. However, most modern doctors share the opinion that compound drops are in many ways more effective than modern combined remedies for runny nose and sinusitis, such as Vibrocil, Polidexa, Afrin, Avamis, etc. In order to figure out which is better for the treatment of a runny nose, below is a list of the disadvantages and advantages of combined drops.

Advantages of complex drops

  1. The relative cheapness of the components - the price of such a solution is low, since the dose of each component is minimal and is selected for one therapy and for one person.
  2. Wider spectrum of action - combined drops act on all the unpleasant symptoms of a runny nose, and treatment takes place in a shorter time.
  3. The selection of components occurs individually, taking into account the physiological characteristics of the child.
  4. Ease of use.

Disadvantages of complex drops

  1. Contents of highly active irritants.
  2. Presence of side effects.
  3. Short shelf life.
  4. Inadmissibility of use with a common runny nose.
  5. Presence of contraindications to individual components.
  6. Complex nasal drops for children under 5 years of age are generally prohibited.
  7. Systemic effects of individual components on the child’s body.
  8. Adding non-nasal medications to the composition - adrenaline, hormones.
  9. Presence of allergic reactions to individual components.
  10. Lack of data from clinical studies on the use of drugs in the treatment of sinusitis, sinusitis, and otitis.

It is also worth mentioning the side effects that may arise from the use of such complex drops.

Remember that complex drops can cause a variety of side effects. The instructions usually emphasize this probability. What are these reactions?

  • increased heart rate;
  • increased blood pressure;
  • nosebleeds;
  • transition from an acute form of the disease to a chronic one.

Thus, compound nasal drops in some cases can speed up recovery, in others they not only do not help, but also worsen the state of health. The decision must be made by a specialist and the prescription must be agreed upon with the child’s parents.

Approximate composition of drops

Depending on the nature of the disease, complex drops may contain two or more components. The more components, the more effective the treatment, if all the components of the drops for the child were selected correctly and in the appropriate dosage.

How to make complex drops for children? Antiallergic drugs

Necessary for relieving swelling, as well as unpleasant symptoms - itching, burning, feeling of dryness in the nose. They are especially effective in combating allergic rhinitis.

The main types of antihistamines used in these formulations are Suprastin, Fenistil, Diphenhydramine, Tavegil, Zirtek. It is not recommended to use Zodak, as it contains acetic acid.

Antiseptics and antibiotics

Most often, they are the basis for drops; their main task is to relieve inflammation and swelling, which is important for the bacterial nature of a runny nose or sinusitis. An antibiotic for bacterial rhinitis must be included in the drops!

The main antiseptics that are used to prepare drops: “Dioxidin”, “Furacillin”, “Miramistin”, “Lincomycin”, etc.

You should take into account the fact that the antiseptic “Dioxidin” is a potent substance; according to the instructions, it is prohibited for use by children under 18 years of age! When applied topically, the drug should be used with caution, since long-term use and overdose can cause atrophy of the nasal mucous membranes.

Vasoconstrictor drops (decogestants)

This component must necessarily contain complex drops; the composition of the drops cannot be complete without this kind of preparation, since their task is to relieve swelling in the nasal cavity and provide air access to the nasal passages.

When choosing vasoconstrictor drops, you should take into account the fact that their use in children can cause increased blood pressure and increased heart rate, so you should choose the most gentle drugs.

If the solution is prepared in a pharmacy, then drops such as Metazon can be added to the composition. If you are preparing complex nasal drops for children at home, the composition can be supplemented with any ready-made vasoconstrictor drops: “Nazivin”, “Naphthyzin”, “Oxylometazoline”.

When choosing vasoconstrictors, the doctor needs to find out what nasal drops the parents used before visiting the doctor; if the child is not accustomed to them, the doctor can also include them in the drops prescription. If dependence on nasal drops has appeared, then perhaps the doctor will select others, taking into account the age of the child.

Hormonal substances

The addition of hormonal drugs is required if the form of the disease is severe and conventional vasoconstrictors do not help. They provide relief from swelling and inflammation, as well as allergic reactions.

Usually, hydrocortisone is added to the solution - a hormone that can relieve all symptoms of a runny nose in a very short time. You should be aware that long-term use of such a drug can cause dysfunction of the adrenal glands, which are responsible for the growth of the body, so this drug should be prescribed to children with caution.

If the child is under 6 years old, then you can purchase the intranasal drug “Nasonex” or “Nasobek” for him. These are ready-made drops for the treatment of persistent runny nose, and they can be used from a young age.

Immunomodulatory substances

Added to support the child’s immunity during illness. At the same time, they are not such a necessary component in the preparation of the composition. The simplest immunomodulator is the well-known Interferon, which perfectly complements complex drops for children. The instructions for the drug do not prohibit this.

Saline solution

Included in all formulations of such drops, it is the basis.

Additional components

These include various essential oils or extracts of medicinal plants. Added at the discretion of the doctor.

Their use in compound drops is necessary to eliminate dryness of the nasal cavity, relieve inflammation, and also restore damaged nasal mucous membranes.

Important! It is not recommended to use vasoconstrictor drops for more than 5-7 days. Long-term use of such drops causes atrophy of the nasal mucosa.

Sample recipe options

Below are only approximate recipes for compound drops, but a more precise dosage and list of components should be determined by the attending ENT doctor.

The most famous recipe in otolaryngology. How to prepare classic complex drops? The proportions are one to one, the drugs “Miramistin” and “Naphthyzin” (0.05%) are taken and these equal parts are mixed together.

You can use an empty Naphthyzin container as a container. It is acceptable to use Miramistin alone, but if the swelling is severe, then it is better to combine these two drugs. This recipe is used mainly for children who have been diagnosed with adenoids.

Here are more complex drops for children. The composition is as follows: Miramistin, Diphenhydramine, Naphthyzin (or Naphazolin), Hydrocortisone (or Dexamethasone). This composition of drops is prescribed by a doctor for sinusitis (especially chronic), bacterial rhinitis, and complications of rhinitis (otitis).

This recipe is prepared only in a pharmacy by a pharmacist - suspension "Hydrocortisone", "Albucid". The results are very effective, complex drops, the recipe of which is not a secret, but their use requires very specific medical indications.

"Albucid" is a powerful antibacterial agent with a broad spectrum of action. It can be combined with Nazivin, or simply with the hormone Hydrocortisone. "Albucid" can also be used for newborns as a prophylaxis for blenorrhea. But it should be used with caution, as this drug causes a burning sensation in the nose.

How to choose combination drops?

To do this, you need to visit a specialist (otolaryngologist), he will conduct the necessary examination, prescribe tests and, after studying the medical history, if the diagnosis is confirmed, he will draw up a prescription for combined drops.

Next, you need to purchase all the necessary components at the pharmacy or find a prescription department where you can order the composition of the drops prescribed by your doctor.

After this, you need to submit a request for the pharmacist to prepare complex drops for you. The production of compound drops does not take much time, they can be collected immediately on the spot. After this, you can begin treatment measures.

Specialized prescription departments of pharmacies, unfortunately, are found only in cities and in small quantities, so the majority of the population resorts to making compound drops on their own.

Instructions for using a solution of a few drops

Before use, the solution must be warmed to room temperature.

Drops can be used for 5-7 days (no longer), no more than 2 drops should be instilled and no more than 3 times a day.

Before using compound drops you must:

  1. Clear your child's nose. To do this, the child needs to blow his nose on his own if he is old enough to do this, or clear his nose with an aspirator or bulb if the child is very small or a newborn. Saline solution or spray “Aquamaris”, “Aquamore”, “Aqualor” can be used as a means for rinsing the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. These solutions include sea salt, which allows you to effectively clean and disinfect the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.
  2. Place compound drops into the nose. The composition of the drops, as already mentioned, will be determined by the doctor. The compound medicine is instilled one or two drops into each nostril. If the child is an infant, then you can use a cotton swab. To do this, you need to roll it into a tight flagellum, lightly dip it in the medicine and stick it into the child’s nostril and hold it for a while. After this, remove the tampon. Do the same with the other nostril; the cotton swab for each nostril should be separate.
  3. Apply oil to your nose. After nasal breathing has become free and easy, you need to drop one drop of vegetable oil into each nostril. This procedure is necessary to avoid drying out the nasal mucosa during treatment with combined drops.

Storage conditions

It is recommended to store complex drops in the refrigerator, since at room temperature the active ingredients may lose their properties (especially hormones).

If the drops are in a glass vial and a pipette is used for instillation, then the drops can be stored for no more than 7 days. If the solution is in a closed bottle with a hole, the shelf life can be up to two weeks. After the expiration date, the drops cannot be used and must be disposed of immediately.

Thus, despite the advantages of using such drops for prolonged forms of runny nose and complications of colds, the doctor, as well as the child’s parents, must weigh the benefits and harms of using such drops for him.

Source: http://www.syl.ru/article/291334/slojnyie-kapli-v-nos-dlya-detey-sostav-i-instruktsiya