The nasal mucosa is inflamed

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Inflammation of the mucous membrane in the nose

The nasal mucosa is an extremely important organ that performs the functions of cleaning, moisturizing and temperature regulating the inhaled air. It is a serious protective line that takes the first blow from pathogenic (disease-causing) microorganisms.

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Even the strongest immune system, constantly exposed to the harmful effects of bacteria and viruses, fails from time to time.

In the case of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, we are most often talking about an inflammatory process.

In the accepted medical classification of diseases, inflammation of the nasal mucosa is called rhinitis. In common parlance, a runny nose.

On the one hand, symptoms of inflammation of the nasal mucosa are often observed during the cold autumn-winter period of the year. In such a situation, catarrhal runny nose can be an independent illness or accompany some kind of cold.

On the other hand, symptoms of inflammation of the nasal mucosa are often observed in the spring and summer. In this case we are talking about allergic rhinitis. Flowering time is the traditional time for the activation of allergic reactions.

These situations have only one thing in common - they both require timely and correct treatment.

Symptoms of inflammation of the nasal mucosa

The specific symptoms of the inflammatory process of the nasal mucosa depend on the cause that provoked its occurrence. Thus, the symptoms of allergic and infectious rhinitis differ in many ways from each other. It makes sense to consider these two situations separately.

Symptoms of inflammation of the nasal mucosa due to allergies

Remember that the specific manifestations of the same disease may not be completely the same in different people. We are all individuals. Some will experience all of the above symptoms, others only a few.

So, with inflammation of the nasal mucosa caused by an allergic reaction, the following symptoms may be observed:

  • nasal congestion;
  • problems with nasal breathing;
  • watery and clear discharge;
  • sensation of tickling and itching in the nasal cavity;
  • swelling of facial tissues;
  • bouts of sneezing.

Inflammation of the mucous membrane is not necessarily seasonal. Some patients experience these symptoms all year round.

There is nothing surprising here. Everything is related to the specific allergen causing the allergy. If it appears only at a specific time of the year, then the allergy will be inextricably linked with this season. For example, plant pollen. It appears in spring or summer, which means that the nasal mucosa will become inflamed during these seasons. But if the allergen is house dust, then the disease will be constant all year round.

Symptoms of inflammation of the nasal mucosa during an infectious runny nose

These include:

  • dryness and burning in the nasal cavity;
  • copious nasal discharge (clear, yellow or green);
  • severe nasal congestion;
  • difficult nasal breathing.

The color of nasal mucous discharge depends on the current stage of the disease and the presence of a bacterial infection. This factor is the reason why the colorless mucous secretion turns yellow or green.

The most dangerous symptom that occurs when the nasal mucosa is inflamed is nasal congestion. After all, it is she who causes breathing difficulties.

Disturbances in the natural respiratory process cause oxygen starvation of the brain. If such a condition becomes chronic, serious disturbances in the functioning of the brain can occur. Severe headaches are the most harmless of them.

Whatever causes inflammation of the nasal mucosa, proper treatment is required. The timeliness factor plays a very important role here. The longer you leave your body alone with the disease, the higher the likelihood that the disease will become chronic.

Remember, only a qualified doctor can prescribe the correct remedies and methods of treatment.

Treatment of inflammation of the nasal mucosa with an infectious runny nose

First of all, let's debunk common stereotypes and myths regarding the treatment of the common cold.

Vasoconstrictor nasal drops and sprays do not treat inflammation of the nasal mucosa. These medications are only responsible for relieving the symptom of nasal congestion. Thus, vasoconstrictors alleviate the course of the disease, but are in no way related to its treatment.

In addition, it is strictly forbidden to use such nasal medications for a long time without interruption. Typically, the maximum period for taking vasoconstrictor drops and sprays is 3-7 days.

If we talk about drug treatment of inflammation of the nasal mucosa, then in order to choose an appropriate drug for the case, we need to know exactly the reason that caused the disease.

So, for viral rhinitis, antiviral drugs are often prescribed:

If a runny nose is caused by the pathogenic effects of bacteria, then the antibiotic drugs Isofra and Polydex can be used. In addition, often in such cases, otolaryngologists prescribe a solution of colloidal silver - Protargol.

You can also use traditional medicine recipes. Washing the nasal cavity and steam inhalations have had remarkable success in treating inflammation of the mucous membrane. These physiotherapeutic procedures help cleanse the nasal cavity of accumulated pathogenic secretions and stimulate regenerative processes.

Recipe 1. Take 25-27 bay leaves. Fill them with water and bring to a boil. If bubbles appear, remove the container from the heat. Pour the broth into a thermos. Let it brew for 7 hours. Use it as a base for inhalations. The duration of the procedure is about 10 minutes. Be careful! Sharp and too deep breaths can lead to burns of the upper respiratory tract.

Recipe 2. Take three teaspoons of chamomile flowers and add 500 ml of water. Boil on the stove for 5-7 minutes. Then remove from heat. Let cool and strain. Use this decoction to rinse the nasal cavity.

Treatment of inflammation of the nasal mucosa due to allergies

If your nasal mucosa is inflamed due to an allergic reaction, then first of all you need to identify the allergen. If you manage not to contact him, then no treatment will be needed.

This is the best strategy for allergic inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Unfortunately, in most cases it cannot be implemented.

In such situations, you should contact an allergist-immunologist. The doctor will conduct a diagnosis and prescribe the appropriate treatment for your case.

Antihistamines are used as drug therapy for allergic inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Here is a short list of them:

A universal way to counteract inflammatory processes occurring in the nasal cavity is to rinse it with saline or its analogues - nasal preparations based on sea water. Additionally, we advise you to read the publication “Overgrowth of the nasal mucosa.”

Thank you for the article. For inflammation, I always use physiological saline solution. Washing effectively relieves inflammation and cleanses the mucous membrane.

All materials are for informational purposes only.

Before using the information received, consult your doctor.

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Source: http://rinitanet.ru/obolochka-v-nosu/vospalenie-slizistoj.html

How to treat inflammation of the nasal mucosa?

Inflammatory processes occurring in the nasal mucosa, better known as a runny nose (rhinitis), can be provoked by infectious, allergic agents, or occur under the pressure of psychosomatic factors. Symptoms and treatment of inflammation of the nasal mucosa may vary slightly, depending on the nature of its occurrence.

Symptomatic picture

Well-known signs of the inflammatory process in the form of increased secretion of nasal mucus, sneezing, and nasal congestion do not pose any threat to most patients. Failure to take this problem seriously provokes self-medication, which can lead to pathological processes in the ENT organs (sinusitis, furunculosis, eczema, etc.).

The causes of a runny nose can be varied, and timely diagnosis allows you to determine effective treatment tactics.

In otolaryngology, rhinitis is differentiated according to the symptoms characteristic of each type:

  • Infectious. The development of the inflammatory process is preceded by the ingress of viral, bacterial agents, microorganisms of the genus Candida, Mycoplasma. The infectious process is accompanied by weakness and chills, abundant production of muconasal secretions, hyperthermia (temperature over 37 degrees), difficulty breathing through the nose, pain, and a burning sensation in the olfactory organ. The etiology of a runny nose is determined by the nature of nasal discharge: the activity of viruses is indicated by whitish, transparent mucus; the presence of bacteria is indicated by snot of a yellow-green hue.
  • Vasomotor. Inflammation of the nasal mucosa without a runny nose, accompanied by congestion mainly in the morning, secretion of mucus of a watery consistency, and sneezing indicates the development of a vasomotor runny nose. A distinctive feature of this rhinitis is sudden, paroxysmal symptoms.
  • Allergic. The nasal mucosa is inflamed and indicates an allergic reaction with occasional copious muconasal mucus discharge, nasal congestion, frequent sneezing and a feeling of itching in the nose. This rhinitis is seasonal (spring-summer), relapses are accompanied by more severe symptoms, and during remission the symptomatic picture normalizes.

At the initial stage of inflammation, a runny nose occurs in an acute form. With untimely, inappropriate treatment, the acute form can migrate to the chronic form.

In general, acute and chronic forms have similar symptoms, the only difference is the less obvious manifestation of symptoms in chronic rhinitis, but over a long period of time. Whereas the acute form of the runny nose implies a more active reaction of the body to the pathogen.

For reference! The cycle of acute rhinitis lasts 7-10 days, going through three stages of changes in the mucous membrane. Timely treatment allows you to stop the disease within 3-5 days.

Red nasal mucosa in a child with severe nasal congestion, lacrimation, abundant production of nasal mucus, and sometimes nosebleeds may indicate a traumatic runny nose (a foreign body entering the nose, rough hygienic/medical manipulations).

In adults, the provoking factors are harmful industrial conditions - vapors of various chemicals, metal microparticles, etc.

Pregnant women often experience inflammation of the nasal mucosa due to hormonal changes in the body. Rhinitis in pregnant women is characterized by an ambiguous clinical picture; the main symptom is prolonged nasal congestion, which can continue until the onset of labor.

Among the accompanying symptoms, experts highlight the formation of crusts in the nose, sneezing, dry mucous membranes, and itching. There may be no nasal discharge at all.

Important! Unsystematic use of vasoconstrictor drugs contributes to the development of drug-induced rhinitis.

How and how to treat inflammation of the nasal mucosa

Each individual type of rhinitis implies a specific treatment tactic, which is selected by the doctor based on diagnostic data and the patient’s medical history.

Conservative medicine identifies general therapeutic measures:

  • Irrigation therapy at home using sprays to rinse the nasal passages. The most common are ready-made pharmacological solutions “Aquamaris”, “Aqualor”, “Humer”, “Dolphin”. Daily nasal lavage helps moisturize the mucous membrane, remove mucus, allergic and infectious agents, and relieve the inflammatory process. These drugs enhance the therapeutic effect of vasoconstrictor drugs and are not addictive. The duration of therapy is up to 30 days, with 3-4 times a day. As an alternative to pharmaceutical products, you can use your own prepared saline solution.
  • Instillation of nasal passages with decongestants. This manipulation allows you to restore the drainage function of the nose - eliminating swelling and normalizing nasal breathing. Depending on the active substance, the therapeutic effect can last for 6-10 hours. Due to the pronounced reflex, vasoconstrictor and weakly antiseptic effect, doctors prefer Vibrocil, Tizin, Nafazaolin, Nazol, Galazolin. The recommended daily dose is 1-2 drops of the medicinal product three times a day, lasting from 3 to 5 days. Exceeding the recommended dose and course of therapy may cause addiction to the active ingredients.
  • The use of drugs that block the H1-histamine receptor. Antihistamines are mandatory in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, but can also be used in the treatment of infectious rhinitis due to their pharmacological properties (elimination of mucosal swelling). Experts choose antihistamines of the latest generations, due to the virtual absence of side effects - “Cetrin”, “Zyrtek”, “Telfast”, etc. The daily dosage of the drug is calculated based on the patient’s age, sometimes based on body weight.

When diagnosing a bacterial rhinitis, there is a need to use local antibiotics, which are represented by Isofra, Polydexa, and Bioparox. These drugs have a detrimental effect on bacterial microflora and fungal infections. The duration of therapy is days, with individual calculation of the daily dose.

Important! Deviation from the course of antibiotic therapy or exceeding the dose can provoke loss of appetite, gastrointestinal dysfunction, anemia, allergic reactions, nausea and vomiting.

The main reason for prescribing hormonal nasal medications (Nasonex, Avamys) is vasomotor, allergic runny nose or chronic inflammatory process of the mucous membrane.

Corticosteroids help reduce inflammation and inhibit the development of an allergic reaction. There are a number of contraindications for use, so only the treating specialist is involved in prescribing the drug and its dosage.

Traditional methods

Folk remedies are used to treat runny nose of various etiologies. But it is worth understanding that in addition to the effectiveness of traditional methods, there is a possibility of developing hypersensitivity of the body’s immune system, since many components are mediators of allergies. Therefore, the recipes presented below should be discussed with your doctor before starting treatment.

Warming takes the leading position in infectious rhinitis. These procedures are quite effective at the initial stage of inflammation, subject to natural body temperature. You can use a boiled egg or salt placed in a bag as ingredients.

Positive dynamics are observed with hot mustard baths (steam your feet for five minutes, put on warm socks after the procedure).

Inhalations for rhinitis are considered the safest way to influence inflammation, provided that precautions are taken. It is optimal to use special devices - a nebulizer, an inhaler. In the absence of these devices, you can turn to the old method - a steam bath.

As ingredients for the procedure, you can use medicinal herbs (chamomile, calendula, sage, oak bark) or essential oils of tea tree, eucalyptus, and thuja. For 1 l. water brought to a boil - 3 tbsp. l. herbs, let cool to a temperature of degrees. When using essential oils - per 1 liter. liquid - 5-6 drops of suspension.

As an alternative to pharmaceutical drops, you can use beet drops. To do this, dilute the juice of one root vegetable in equal proportions with water. No less effective are garlic and onion drops, for the preparation of which you need to combine the juice of the products in equal quantities, then dilute them with water 1:1.

Conclusion

Self-treatment of inflammation of the mucous membrane may not give positive dynamics. Seeing a doctor will allow you to stop the disease in a short time, preventing the occurrence of complications. The key to the effectiveness of therapy is an accurate diagnosis of the inflammatory process.

Directory of main ENT diseases and their treatment

All information on the site is for informational purposes only and does not claim to be absolutely accurate from a medical point of view. Treatment must be carried out by a qualified doctor. By self-medicating you can harm yourself!

Source: http://gorlonos.com/nos/kak-lechit-vospalenie-slizistoj.html

How to treat inflammation of the nasal mucosa

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa, which is called rhinitis, or runny nose, is one of the most common pathologies on the planet. The disease occurs with characteristic symptoms such as nasal congestion, discharge and decreased sense of smell. When exposed to aggressive factors and improper treatment, it can become chronic.

Causes of the disease

There are various reasons for the development of this pathology, the most common of which are the following:

  1. Bacteria and viruses. Contact with the mucous membrane of pathogenic microorganisms causes an inflammatory process and characteristic symptoms of the disease.
  2. Allergy. Wool, pollen, perfume aroma - all these and other allergens can lead to the development of permanent or seasonal allergic rhinitis.
  3. Fungi. Candidiasis of the nasal cavity, which develops against the background of a weakened immune system in the patient, leads to inflammation of the nose.
  4. Foreign bodies. This cause usually occurs in children and the elderly, who may insert a foreign object into their nostril and forget about it. A characteristic symptom is discharge and congestion of only one half.
  5. Injuries and surgeries in this area cause inflammation.

Predisposing factors for a runny nose can be abnormalities in the structure of the nose and low natural defenses of the body.

The inflammatory process in the nose is facilitated by decreased immunity, an unfavorable indoor microclimate, vitamin deficiencies and anatomical structural anomalies (deviated septum, hypertrophy of the inferior turbinates, etc.).

How does the disease manifest itself?

Inflammation of this area can be acute or chronic. The acute process proceeds through a number of successive stages, which are accompanied by certain symptoms:

  1. At the first stage, the patient is bothered by itching and dry mucous membranes. This stage lasts from several hours to a day. At this stage, the infection begins to penetrate the mucosa.
  2. At the second stage, the patient develops serous, profuse discharge, a stuffy nose, and a decreased sense of smell. In this case, symptoms of general intoxication of the body may occur: temperature rises, headache, aching bones.
  3. At the stage of purulent inflammation: the runny nose changes from clear to yellow or yellow-green. Purulent inflammation may indicate that the process has moved to the paranasal sinuses.
  4. During the recovery stage, the runny nose stops, the nose begins to breathe and the sense of smell gradually returns.

Untreated acute form can become chronic or lead to complications

Manifestations of different forms of rhinitis can differ significantly from each other:

  1. With an allergic rhinitis, inflammation appears only upon contact with an allergen. A person’s nose becomes stuffy, and copious clear discharge begins to flow.
  2. With atrophic rhinitis and ozena, the main problem is dry nose and purulent crusts, which emit an unpleasant odor and greatly disturb the patient.
  3. With hypertrophic growth of the mucosa, in addition to discharge, the patient has serious problems with nasal breathing. He begins to breathe through his mouth due to swelling, which leads to inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa and dry mouth.

In addition, there are special specific forms of runny nose associated with hormonal changes in the body. Thus, pregnant women develop vasomotor rhinitis, which is accompanied by swelling and discharge and goes away on its own after childbirth.

How to treat the disease

Treatment of the disease begins with clarifying the cause that caused it. You can treat a common acute runny nose using local remedies. What drops and sprays are used:

  1. Vasoconstrictors. Used for severe swelling in the nose. Used no longer than 5-7 days due to the risk of addiction. They have a number of contraindications and side effects. They do not cure the disease, but help relieve symptoms of congestion and swelling for a while. Representatives: Nazivin, Nazol, etc.
  2. Antibacterial (Polydex, Isofra). These drops contain a local antibiotic. Helps with bacterial inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Can be prescribed for damage to the paranasal sinuses.
  3. Moisturizing sprays (Salin, Aqualor). Medicines based on sea water. They can be prescribed to both an infant and a pregnant woman. They are absolutely safe and help to wash away pus, dust and allergen particles from the mucous membranes. Slightly reduces swelling and relieves inflammation.
  4. Hormonal (Avamys, Nasonex). Prescribed for patients with allergic rhinitis. It contains local hormones that work only within the mucous membrane. Can be used in children over 3 years of age to treat adenoids.

In addition to drops and sprays, physiotherapeutic methods such as magnetic laser therapy, ultraviolet irradiation, UHF, and electrophoresis are widely used to treat a runny nose.

Each group of nasal drops has its own indications and side effects, so you need to use them carefully

Treatment of the disease with systemic drugs is indicated in cases of ineffectiveness of local therapy and in severe cases of the disease:

  1. Antibiotics. Recommended drugs from the group of penicillins, cephalosporins or macrolides. Chronic inflammation is treated only after culture and sensitivity.
  2. Antihistamines (Zyrtec, Zodac). Prescribed for severe swelling and allergic inflammation.
  3. Mucolytics (Sinupret, ACC). These medications are prescribed for the accumulation of viscous, difficult-to-remove mucus in the nose and sinuses.
  4. Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs are prescribed for high fever and signs of intoxication.
  5. Antifungal medications will be needed for fungal infections of the nose.

Treatment of chronic forms has its own characteristics:

  • If the mucous membrane is inflamed due to allergens, then first of all they are eliminated or the patient’s contact with this substance is limited. Treatment is carried out with antihistamines, hormones, cromones and special nasal sprays.
  • Inflammation of the nasal mucosa caused by a curvature or other structural abnormality can only be treated surgically. Foreign bodies are also promptly removed.
  • Chronic infectious processes in the nose require selection of antibacterial therapy.
  • For vasomotor rhinitis, nasal rinsing and physiotherapy are prescribed.

ethnoscience

Treatment of mild forms of the disease with alternative medicine methods can give a good effect and help the patient cope with the disease without drugs. What is used:

  • Rinsing and irrigating the nose with salt water. This water can be bought at a pharmacy or prepared at home from ordinary table salt.
  • Homemade drops based on aloe, honey, garlic, oil and other ingredients.
  • Steam inhalations with decoctions of medicinal herbs.
  • Massage of biologically active zones in the nose area.
  • General strengthening and tonic teas to activate the body's natural defenses.

Such methods work well against mild forms of the disease. If after 2-3 days there is no effect from the measures taken or the patient’s condition worsens, then you need to visit a doctor.

An inflamed nasal mucosa can cause a lot of trouble for the patient. To eliminate this problem, you need to find out the cause of the disease and select a comprehensive treatment.

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ATTENTION! All information on the site is for informational purposes only and does not claim to be absolutely accurate from a medical point of view. Treatment must be carried out by a qualified doctor. By self-medicating you can harm yourself!

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Why does the nasal mucosa become inflamed and how to deal with it?

The health of the nasal mucosa is extremely important for the well-being of the entire body. This organ is responsible for thermoregulation, purification and humidification of the air inhaled inside. In other words, the nasal mucosa performs a very important protective function. Often, sacrificing “her own health,” she takes all the blows of bacterial and other origins. Because of this, inflammation of the nasal mucosa occurs.

Why does the nasal mucosa become inflamed?

The immune system may be strong, but in any case it constantly has to fight against harmful factors. After some time of intense struggle, it may malfunction, then the nasal mucosa becomes inflamed and a runny nose appears.

In medicine, inflammation of the nasal mucosa is commonly called rhinitis. Its appearance is often diagnosed during autumn-winter, that is, during the cold season. As a rule, such rhinitis can be a short-term independent phenomenon or a secondary sign of a cold or infectious disease. The causes of catarrhal rhinitis are various viruses and bacteria.

As for spring-summer, most often inflammation of the mucous membrane during this period is caused by allergic reactions to plant pollen or poplar fluff. During active flowering, many people may experience catarrhal runny nose, which disappears only after the end of this season. However, an allergy can be to wool or dust, then rhinitis appears at any time of the year. But regardless of the origin of the disease, it is important to know how to relieve the inflammatory process in any case.

Catarrhal runny nose may have a chronic course. Most often this is due to various injuries, as a result of which the nasal septum was bent, surgical interventions or a foreign body entering the respiratory passages, and sometimes fungal diseases.

Symptoms of inflammation of the nasal mucosa

In short, the main manifestations of the inflammatory process directly depend on the cause of rhinitis. The allergic type and the bacterial type are somewhat different in symptoms. Of course, it is also important whether the disease is acute or chronic. Inflammation of the nose without a runny nose also happens. The symptoms of each form of pathology should be considered more separately.

Acute rhinitis

The cause of acute rhinitis is often coccal flora or a virus that has entered the nasal cavity. It is enough to get too cold, breathe polluted air or otherwise reduce the protective forces of the nasal mucosa, and the pathogenic flora makes itself felt in the form of acute rhinitis. Inflammation of this type always affects two nasal turbinates at once.

The development of acute rhinitis occurs in three stages.

  1. Irritation: dryness, congestion and slight swelling of the mucous membrane closer to the beginning of the nasal turbinates.
  2. Serous stage: a lot of mucous discharge from the nose, difficulty breathing normally, redness of the eyes and watery eyes, frequent sneezing.
  3. Mucopurulent stage: mucopurulent discharge that gradually decreases, improved breathing and recovery after about a week.

Acute rhinitis is accompanied by other symptoms of the disease: chills, coughing, sneezing, loss of taste and smell due to decreased receptor sensitivity, as well as temporary hearing impairment.

Chronic rhinitis

In turn, chronic rhinitis is divided into subtypes: catarrhal, hypertrophic or atrophic. Catarrhal chronic rhinitis occurs against the background of acute forms of the disease, which led to deformation of the internal structure of the nose. In addition, it can be a consequence of lymphoid disease of the upper respiratory tract.

Symptoms of the catarrhal process are as follows:

  • prolonged runny nose;
  • difficulty breathing;
  • lack of smell;
  • sensation of a foreign body in the nasal cavity;
  • copious mucous or purulent discharge that flows down the nasopharynx and is difficult to remove through the nostrils.

Hypertrophic inflammation of the nasal mucosa can be characterized as the proliferation of tissues of the nasal cavity and glandular apparatus. Often, hypertrophic rhinitis replaces the already existing catarrhal type.

The main symptoms include:

  • difficulty breathing or inability to breathe through the nose;
  • obstruction of the respiratory tract;
  • dryness in the nasopharynx;
  • discharge of mucopurulent consistency;
  • snoring and poor sleep;
  • inability to distinguish odors;
  • headache;
  • decreased mental performance.

Atrophic rhinitis of the chronic type leads to the fact that the nasal mucosa completely loses its functions. Depending on the stage, symptoms vary slightly.

  • dry tissue inside the nose;
  • yellow-green discharge mixed with pus of a viscous consistency;
  • difficulty breathing and problem of blowing your nose.
  • formation of crusts in the nasal cavity;
  • frequent or rare bleeding;
  • decreased sense of smell.

At stage 3, there is an unpleasant odor of nasal discharge and a complete absence of the olfactory reflex. The main causes of occurrence include infections and unfavorable ecology. People who suffer from gastritis or a lack of iron in the body are several times more likely to develop atrophic chronic rhinitis.

Allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis is also called “hay fever.” The main symptom of allergic rhinitis is, of course, a runny nose and inflammation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa. But additional symptoms may come and go depending on the allergen.

Symptoms can be divided into two stages. The first begins within a few minutes after direct contact with the irritant. Soon the following symptoms appear:

  • nasal discharge;
  • repeated frequent sneezing;
  • itchy eyes and watery eyes;
  • itching in the nasopharynx and nose.

At the second stage of development (this occurs approximately within 4-8 hours after encountering the allergen), the following symptoms appear:

  • stuffy nose and ears;
  • taste perception and olfactory reflex are inhibited;
  • headache appears;
  • nose bleed;
  • deterioration of general health and weakness.

If the irritant is not removed for a long time or special medications are not taken, the eyelids may begin to swell and dark circles will appear under the eyes. Inflammation of the nose without a runny nose also occurs. This is often due to being in a room with dry air.

Treatment measures

If rhinitis has developed due to allergies, you must try to identify the allergen. If it is eliminated in time, treatment may not be required at all. But doctors know how to relieve inflammation in such cases as seasonal flowering of plants. They often prescribe the following drugs: Cromohexal, Fenistil, Zyrtec. Seasonal allergy medications are usually available for nasal use.

Viral and bacterial rhinitis require completely different therapy. A medicinal approach to treatment primarily involves identifying the flora that provoked the inflammatory process. The following drugs help relieve inflammation and swelling:

In some cases, antibiotics are prescribed. But you should not self-medicate; it is better to immediately consult a doctor and get rid of rhinitis correctly.

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Morenasal spray with chamomile helps me relieve inflammation and clear a stuffy nose. It's a very convenient bottle and inexpensive.

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You should not self-medicate, it can be dangerous. Always consult your doctor.

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Inflammation of the nasal mucosa: causes, symptoms. Methods for treating inflammation of the nasal mucosa: doctor's advice

The nasal mucosa is a very important structure that is responsible for cleaning, warming the temperature of the air entering the nose and moisturizing it. Also, this membrane is the first to suffer from various infectious and bacterial lesions of the respiratory system. Let us consider in more detail the symptoms of inflammation of the nasal mucosa and methods of treating this condition.

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa: causes

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa can be caused by infectious and non-infectious factors.

Infectious inflammation occurs in the following cases:

1. In case of viral infection. This is the most common cause of inflammation of the nasal mucosa.

2. In case of bacterial infection, which develops due to the entry of various pathogenic bacteria into the nasal cavity.

3. In case of fungal infection, which can occur due to the development of fungi such as mycoplasma, candida, etc.

Non-infectious causes of inflammation of the nasal mucosa can be:

1. Injuries to the nasal mucosa.

2. Foreign objects getting into the nose.

3. Surgical intervention in the nose.

4. Disturbances in the nerve fibers that are responsible for the functions of the nose.

5. Pathological dryness in the nose.

6. Severe nervous tension and frequent crying.

7. Allergic reactions that provoked inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Moreover, allergens in this case can be a variety of objects (food, dust, fluff, plant pollen, animal hair, etc.).

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa: symptoms and signs

The symptoms of inflammation of the mucous membrane depend on the specific cause that caused the disease. Thus, if affected by an allergic reaction, a person will exhibit the following symptoms:

• severe nasal congestion;

• sore nose and throat;

• frequent bouts of sneezing;

• appearance of mucous transparent nasal discharge;

• redness of the nasal mucosa (noticeable upon examination by an ENT doctor).

An infection of the nasal mucosa can manifest itself with the following symptoms:

1. Increased body temperature.

2. Weakness and chills.

4. Drying of the mucous membrane.

6. The appearance of green mucous discharge from the nose.

8. Nasal congestion.

9. Burning in the nose.

Bacterial infection of the nasal mucosa is characterized by copious discharge of purulent mucus from the nose, pain and nasal congestion.

When the nasal cavity is injured, a person may suffer from nosebleeds, nasal congestion, swelling of the soft tissues of the face, and headaches.

It is important to know that one of the most dangerous symptoms of inflammation of the nasal mucosa is nasal congestion, since the body does not have enough oxygen. This in turn leads to starvation of the brain and can easily cause loss of consciousness, fainting, headaches and increased blood pressure.

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa: treatment methods

Therapy for inflammation of the nasal mucosa is selected based on the specific cause that caused the disease. Thus, there are three traditional areas of therapy:

• treatment for infection of the nasal mucosa;

• therapy for allergic reactions;

• treatment for injuries and bacterial infections of the nose.

Therapy for infectious lesions of the nasal mucosa has the following features:

1. First of all, it must be said that in this condition it is forbidden to use vasoconstrictor nasal drops and sprays, since such medications will only relieve nasal congestion. They will not affect the course of the disease in any way and will not help relieve inflammation.

Moreover, it is important to know that you can use drops for nasal congestion no longer than five days in a row, otherwise they will become addictive, irritate the mucous membrane and further aggravate the process of inflammation of the nasal lining.

2. In case of acute viral infection of the nasal mucosa, the patient must be prescribed potent medications (Derinat).

3. If the patient suffers from acute symptoms of inflammation and severe infection, he can be prescribed antibiotics (Isofra, Polydex).

Treatment for allergic lesions of the nasal mucosa includes the following:

1. Prescription of potent antihistamines (Levocabastine).

2. Using disinfectant solutions for nasal rinsing based on sea water.

3. Drink plenty of fluids.

4. Rinse the nose with hypotonic solutions to flush out mucus.

5. Air humidification when the nasal mucosa dries out.

6. Elimination of the source of allergy.

For fungal infection of the nasal mucosa, you need to follow the following treatment plan:

1. Rinse the nasal cavity with saline and saline solutions.

2. Use drops for nasal congestion (Phenylephrine, Oxymetazoline).

3. Use oil drops (if the patient is not allergic to them). The best are considered drops from sea buckthorn, peach and the drug Pinosol.

4. If inflammation of the mucous membrane is chronic, then the patient may be prescribed glucocorticosteroids (Nasonex).

5. In case of a hypertrophic form of inflammation, surgical intervention is indicated for the patient.

Also, if the inflammation of the mucous membrane has become chronic, then the patient is recommended to undergo physical therapy.

If inflammation of the mucous membrane was caused by injury, then treatment is carried out based on the observed symptoms. If swelling occurs, cold compresses should be applied, and analgesics should be prescribed for pain.

If a person has developed nosebleeds, then thick bandage turundas soaked in healing ointments or antimicrobial solutions can be installed in both nostrils.

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa: treatment, complications, prevention

When inflammation of the mucous membrane occurs in a mild form, you can practice traditional methods of treatment over time. The most effective of them are:

1. Instill two drops of onion and garlic juice into the nose. They have a strong antibacterial effect and will help get rid of germs in the nasal cavity. In this case, the juice from these vegetables must be diluted with water in a 1:1 ratio.

2. Instilling juice from beets or aloe will help eliminate pathogenic bacteria and quickly relieve nasal congestion.

3. Inhaling the vapors from finely chopped garlic will help you cope with the virus faster. You can also use garlic to make steam inhalations for your nose.

4. If the nasal membrane is very dry, it can be lubricated with oils and herbal decoctions.

5. Bay leaf products are considered very effective. To prepare them, you need to pour 20 bay leaves with water and boil. The finished decoction should be infused for an hour, strained and used for inhalation. The duration of the procedure should not exceed ten minutes. It is also important to know that you should not take excessively deep breaths over hot steam, as this can cause a burn to the upper respiratory tract.

6. Chamomile remedy. To prepare it, take two tablespoons of dry chamomile and add 400 ml of water. Boil and cool. Strain and use to wash the inflamed nasal mucosa.

Before using traditional medicine recipes, it is recommended to consult with your doctor, especially if these recipes will be used to treat children.

In the absence of timely treatment, the patient may develop the following complications:

1. Sinusitis and other inflammations of the sinuses.

3. Chronic nasal congestion.

4. Oxygen starvation of the brain due to lack of oxygen. This can lead to headaches, disorders in the central nervous system, memory impairment, blurred vision, etc.

5. Chronic fatigue.

6. The appearance of a chronic allergic reaction or complications from the influence of the allergen (in severe cases, the patient may develop anaphylactic shock, suffocation, etc.).

To prevent inflammation of the nasal mucosa, it is advisable to adhere to the following tips:

1. Treat colds, flu and runny nose in a timely manner.

2. When the first symptoms of inflammation appear, immediately contact a therapist or ENT doctor.

4. Eat more fruits and vegetables to boost your immunity.

5. Play sports.

6. If you are prone to allergies, you should take antihistamines in advance.

7. Avoid hypothermia.

8. Humidify the air.

9. When the mucous membrane dries out, it should be lubricated with oils.

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Types and treatment of inflammation of the nasal mucosa

In the autumn-winter period, inflammation of the nasal mucosa often occurs; treatment and prevention are the most important point, since the further state of health depends on this. Rhinitis is considered the most common type of disease that anyone can catch during weather changes. The main thing is to promptly contact an experienced specialist who will prescribe the necessary therapy for effective treatment of the disease.

Symptoms and signs of the disease

Symptoms of the disease often vary, depending on the type of infection or virus. Therefore, treatment is often carried out in various ways and methods.

The main causes of colds are hypothermia or allergic reactions. Therefore, it is very important during diagnosis to determine the cause of inflammation of the mucous membrane.

Experts call the main signs of rhinitis:

  • dryness and itching in the nasal cavity;
  • malaise;
  • difficulty breathing through the nose;
  • frequent sneezing;
  • severe headaches;
  • change in voice timbre;
  • lacrimation;
  • fatigue and decreased physical activity;
  • discharge of mucus from the nasal cavity.

Experts recommend promptly contacting a clinic for treatment, otherwise rhinitis can lead to exacerbations of chronic diseases and unwanted complications in the future, and in general the disease leads to a sharp weakening of the body’s immune system. The liquid mucus that comes out of the nose becomes purulent over time. Often purulent discharge is accompanied by blood clots. This is due to the fact that the thin vessels that are located in the nasal cavity can be easily damaged.

Why is timely treatment of the disease necessary? The danger is that the disease can spread to other human organs; the paranasal sinuses, auditory tube or nasolacrimal canal may become inflamed.

Types of disease

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa can be of the following types:

  1. Chronic form.
  2. Catarrhal form.
  3. Acute traumatic form.

Acute catarrhal disease has three stages of development:

  1. At the first stage, dry irritation in the nasal cavity is observed.
  2. At the second stage - serous discharge.
  3. The third stage is getting rid of the runny nose.

The first stage of the disease lasts 3-4 days, after which a burning sensation appears in the nose. In the second and third stages, the health condition deteriorates sharply: body temperature rises and severe headaches appear.

In this case, all stages of the disease are accompanied by sneezing and abundant mucus discharge from the nasal cavity, and there is also irritation in the upper lip area. On the fourth or fifth day, liquid or purulent discharge becomes yellow or green. The cold goes away completely within two weeks.

There are two types of allergic rhinitis: seasonal and year-round. It mainly occurs in cases of high sensitivity to external irritants that enter the nasal mucosa. With seasonal inflammation, a runny nose appears during the period when various plants bloom.

In other cases, inflammation may occur due to dust, mites or pet hair. In both cases, the disease is characterized by sneezing, itching and copious mucus discharge. To carry out diagnosis, it is necessary to donate blood for tests and conduct an allergy examination.

To treat the disease, an ENT doctor may prescribe:

  • antihistamine type medications;
  • topical corticosteroids;
  • cell membrane stabilizers.

First, it is necessary to strengthen the human immune system and eliminate the allergen. However, medical help will be powerless if animals live next to a person, due to which he has an allergic reaction.

Diagnosis of the disease

For a complete examination and diagnosis, the doctor only needs to examine the patient and pay attention to his complaints. In infectious inflammatory processes, it is important to determine the cause of the disease. Sometimes the cause of a runny nose can be the consequences of previous diseases, such as measles, diphtheria or scarlet fever.

In cases of allergic inflammatory process, the cause of the disease can only be identified with the help of additional tests or tests.

Recommendations and methods of treating the nasal mucosa

To get rid of the disease, an outpatient treatment method is used. First of all, it is necessary to prepare the room where the patient will be. It should be warm, with moist air, so that it is easier for the patient to breathe and endure the feeling of burning and dryness in the nasal cavity.

In addition, the following recommendations should be taken into account when treating the disease:

  1. Eat non-spicy and unsalted foods that do not cause irritation.
  2. Blow your nose, covering one nostril to prevent mucus from entering the auditory tube and spreading to other organs of the respiratory system.
  3. Drink only warm tea or decoctions. Do not drink hot or cold drinks.
  4. Do not take a hot bath or use a sauna.
  5. Take hot foot treatments. After which you can drink warm tea with honey or raspberry jam.
  6. If you have a fever, take paracetamol or other antipyretic drugs.

All this must be observed in the first stages of the disease so that the disease does not progress.

If you follow the above recommendations, you can recover in a few days.

Treatment is mainly carried out at home. You should drink more warm drinks: tea with lemon and honey, herbal decoctions or tinctures. Be sure to steam your feet in hot water and rub them with essential oils.

During exacerbations, it is necessary to use nasal drops or sprays to reduce the feeling of dryness and burning. At elevated temperatures, it is necessary to remain in bed and take antipyretic tablets.

Treatment of inflammatory processes of the nasal mucosa

As a rule, inflammation of the nasal mucosa, the treatment of which is carried out in the first stages of the disease, allows not only to get rid of the disease in a timely manner, but also to prevent infection of other organs of the respiratory system.

For complications and exacerbations, the doctor may prescribe medication. This allows you to restore breathing and get rid of nasal congestion. Therefore, nasal sprays or drops will be simply irreplaceable, for example, Xylometazoline or Naphazoline. They should be used within 7 days, maximum 10, otherwise you may get the opposite effect.

During exacerbations, physiotherapeutic procedures that warm up the nasal cavity, UHF or UV irradiation are indispensable. They can be used strictly as prescribed by a doctor.

To treat the disease, you can use medicines based on sea water. Saline solution is also effective in treatment. It is important that they must be used strictly as prescribed by an ENT specialist.

Treatment of chronic inflammatory processes in the nasal cavity

If you have a dry runny nose, it is important to quickly eliminate the disease and not make it worse. Otherwise, dryness in the nasal area leads to ulcers or erosion of the nasal cartilage.

For effective treatment for dry runny nose, you need to adhere to the following recommendations:

  • rinse the nasal cavity with saline solution;
  • ventilate the living space;
  • Regularly carry out wet cleaning of the premises.

Naphthyzin nasal drops and Ephedrine solution help get rid of a dry runny nose. In addition, they effectively help with headaches and insomnia.

Prevention and folk remedies

To prevent the disease, you should exercise and strengthen the body's immunity, as well as eat right. If you feel one of the symptoms of the disease, it is recommended to rinse the nasal cavity with saline solution. To do this, add 1 tablespoon of sea salt to a glass of water. This procedure is not very pleasant, but one of the most effective.

In addition, it is recommended to do inhalations based on tea tree and use propolis drops. Be healthy!

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