Strong antibiotic for sore throat

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Signs of a sore throat and a good antibiotic for the disease

Sore throat, or tonsillitis, is a disease that affects all age groups of the population, but children and young people are more susceptible to it. The disease is dangerous not only in itself, but also because of its complications, which can be much more significant than the underlying disease.

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Sore throat can become chronic and affect the functioning of the heart, lungs, kidneys, and other internal organs. This is a constant source of infection in the body. Treatment of sore throat is a very important and responsible process that should not be left to chance. Only an experienced specialist should deal with it and choose medications for treatment, so seeing a doctor is mandatory, especially when it comes to the child’s health.

Sore throat: signs, types and forms

Sore throat is a common throat disease, a symptom of which is inflammation of the tonsils.

Tonsillitis, or sore throat, is an infectious disease that affects the tonsils (tonsils), provokes a sharp rise in temperature and is accompanied by severe weakness and sore throat.

The cause of the disease is an infection, which can be represented by viruses, bacteria or fungi. A good antibiotic for sore throat can only be prescribed if the disease is bacterial in nature.

There are many types of sore throat, each of which has varying degrees of severity. The most common types of tonsillitis are:

  • Catarrhal tonsillitis is the easiest and fastest process for the patient. It manifests itself as severe inflammation of the throat, tonsils and pharynx, but without the appearance of pus.
  • Follicular tonsillitis is characterized by the formation of dense purulent plugs in the tonsils.
  • Lacunar tonsillitis has another characteristic feature - the accumulation of purulent contents in the lacunae (cavities) of the tonsils.
  • Necrotizing tonsillitis is the most dangerous type, with it the tissue of the tonsils gradually dies.

In addition to these types, there are many different options for the manifestation of tonsil damage, and all of them are insidious and dangerous to human health.

Sore throat manifests itself as follows:

  • With the catarrhal form and at the beginning of some others, the patient does not feel much discomfort, only a slight cold and sore throat.
  • In other cases, a sore throat begins abruptly, with a strong rise in temperature and acute pain in the throat.
  • The patient feels severe weakness, his joints hurt, and his lymph nodes are enlarged.
  • When swallowing and eating, there is severe pain in the throat and a sensation of a painful lump.
  • Sleep is disturbed - the patient either does not sleep at all, he is shaking with a fever, or he is constantly in a half-asleep state.
  • Appetite disappears, sometimes the patient does not feel the taste of food, or a distortion of taste appears - any food seems tasteless or even unpleasant.

With the rapid development of the disease and the absence of proper treatment, complications may appear - damage to the ENT organs (otitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, etc.), and sore throat can also affect the functioning of the heart.

When is an antibiotic needed?

Only a doctor can prescribe an antibiotic for a sore throat after examining and identifying the cause of its occurrence.

Tonsillitis has many forms and manifestations, and can also be provoked by various pathogens, not all of which are sensitive to antibiotics. Therefore, under no circumstances should you begin self-treatment of the disease with an antibiotic. It is not a panacea, because the patient and his family do not know the nature of his disease. And it can be caused not only by antibiotic-sensitive bacteria.

A viral form of sore throat, for example, herpetic, is often found, and viruses generally do not respond to the use of antibiotics. That is, even with massive intake of a very serious drug, no positive effect on the disease will be provided. But you can easily get a negative effect by “killing” all the beneficial intestinal microflora with antibiotics. This threatens with dysbacteriosis, which is much more difficult to cure - sometimes the recovery process takes years.

If an antibiotic is used for a fungal disease, it can play an extremely negative role, contributing to the spread of the opportunistic candida fungus, which constantly lives in our body in minute quantities. The violent growth of candida and the appearance of candidomycosis, which we know well under the name “thrush,” is caused by the fact that the antibiotic destroys beneficial microflora and suppresses the growth of opportunistic microorganisms, including the candida fungus.

The use of antibiotics may be justified only if the disease is bacterial in nature and if its course is severe.

A doctor will prescribe a good antibiotic for a sore throat only if he decides that it is simply impossible to cure the patient without it. He will also take measures to avoid triggering the growth of candida. Usually, for this purpose, in parallel with the main remedy, another specific antibiotic is prescribed - Nystatin, which can suppress the growth of candida fungus.

However, even if you decide to use antibiotics, you cannot just go and buy the first one you come across at the pharmacy. There are a lot of bacteria that cause tonsillitis, and they are not sensitive to all antibiotics. Therefore, an experienced doctor will first examine the patient, send him for important tests, receive an accurate conclusion, and only after that will choose the appropriate drug.

Antibiotics for sore throat: types and use

Most often, strep throat is caused by streptococci, so a good antibiotic for tonsillitis must be active against this group of bacteria

There are a lot of pathogens of bacterial origin that provoke the appearance of tonsillitis, so the antibiotic regimen should be developed individually for each patient.

There are several groups of antibiotics that are effective against sore throat. Some of them relate to old, well-tested drugs.

On the one hand, it is possible to accurately predict the “behavior” of such drugs, but bacteria develop resistance to them over time and do not respond to the use of such drugs. In addition, part of the population has allergic reactions to antibiotics, mainly to the very first ones, the penicillin series.

The most commonly used antibiotics today are:

  • Penicillins. It is to these drugs that allergies most often occur, and resistance is also developed in bacteria that cause sore throat. The most famous antibiotic from this group is Ampicillin. Antibiotics are prescribed if the doctor believes that their action will be sufficient to cure the disease, and the patient does not have a reaction to their introduction into the body. A more advanced penicillin-based drug is Amoxicillin. At the moment, this drug is considered to be the most effective for angina. However, it was precisely the frequency of its administration and the good effect that led to the fact that a number of bacteria that cause tonsillitis gradually develop stable immunity to this drug. The addition of clavulanic acid to amoxicillin changed the situation slightly. The most popular combination drug is Amoxiclav. He copes very well with the manifestations of sore throat. Numerous analogues of this product have now been developed and produced under various names.
  • Cephalosporins. Drugs in this group - Duracef, Cefazolin, Cephalexin, Claforan (Cefotaxime) and many others - work well in cases where it is irrational or simply dangerous to use penicillin drugs.
  • Macrolides. They are used in situations where beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins and cephalosporins) do not cope with the bacteria that cause tonsillitis. The most famous macrolide antibiotic is Erythromycin. However, it, like most drugs from this group, has extremely unpleasant side effects - it causes severe digestive disorders, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Other well-known drugs of this type are Clarithromycin, Roxithromycin and many others.
  • Lincosamides. The most popular drugs from this group are lincomycin and clindamycin. They have proven themselves well in the treatment of sore throat, but it is to them that bacteria very quickly develop resistance.

To summarize, we can say that the best antibiotic will be the one that is chosen by the doctor based on the type of pathogen that causes the disease, does not cause an allergy in the patient and to which the bacteria are not yet resistant.

Antibiotics for sore throat for children

When choosing a good antibiotic for a child with a sore throat, you must take into account his age. The fact is that only a very limited number of antibiotics are allowed for very young children. Another obstacle is that it is impossible to give the pill to babies, if we are talking about children who cannot swallow the drug in this form. For them, it is necessary to purchase antibiotics in the form of syrups and suspensions. As a rule, they contain sweeteners and flavorings that make the drug more pleasant for young children to take.

Other antibiotics can be used by injection, but most children are afraid of injections and agree to them only after very serious pressure from adults. Often injections are accompanied by real hysterics, which is not at all useful for a sick baby.

Useful video - Antibiotics for sore throat:

But treatment of serious forms of sore throat without antibiotics cannot be effective, so parents have to agree with their use. However, remembering that small children need special medications and their special dosages, you should not independently give the child what the parents think is a good remedy. It is much more correct and safer to visit a doctor who will take into account the baby’s age, his general health, and the presence of other diseases. Only then will the prescribed antibiotic become a truly good remedy for a sore throat - useful and safe.

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Comments (3)

10/15/2016 at 09:47 | #

Well, I treat a sore throat with the natural antiseptic Lizobakt. It contains lysozyme, a substance found in our saliva, and vitamin B6, which restores the mucous membrane. There are no chemicals in this drug, so no chemicals. load on the body. They can even treat the throat of pregnant and lactating women.

Lyudmila

22.11.2017 at 18:57 | #

I have one topic - I’m testing different medications to understand which one suits me best. So I have already tried nasal drops, throat sprays, bruise ointment and a lot of other things. Of the antibiotics, for sore throat, sinusitis, bronchitis, and just stabbing fever, Azitral saves me, I tried so many others - there are a lot of side effects: either a headache, or aching bones, or nausea, but Azitral cured everything, performed its functions and quietly without a trace left.

Daria

22.11.2017 at 21:28 | #

Azitral literally saved my life! She got very sick and called an ambulance, and said that they should at least give her IVs, even if the injections are painful. Azitral was prescribed. And guess what? Three days and it's all gone.

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Antibiotics for sore throat

Sore throat (acute tonsillitis) is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic microflora. Antibiotics are prescribed to adults for the treatment of bacterial forms of the disease, for chlamydial, mycoplasma sore throat, as well as for activation of the bacterial microflora of the tonsil mucosa during a viral infection.

Sore throat in adults

Adults suffer from sore throat before they reach adulthood. This is due to age-related involution of lymphoid tissue. In older people, inflammation of the tonsils is rare and occurs with mild symptoms.

For bacterial tonsillitis, agents are used that are active against pathogens, among which beta-hemolytic streptococcus A, staphylococcus are most often found, and less commonly pneumococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, fungi, spirochetes, mycoplasma, and chlamydia.

Beta-hemolytic streptococcus is the most pathogenic. These bacteria secrete endotoxins, which activate a specific immune response and contain:

  • antigens that bind to the myocardium and cause heart damage;
  • immune complexes that destroy the kidneys.

The streptococcal form of acute tonsillitis can be complicated by glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever. Because of the possibility of complications, bacterial sore throat is treated with antibiotics, and the doctor must decide which drug is best for an adult to take based on the results of laboratory tests.

Read in detail about the signs and symptoms of a sore throat in our article Signs of a sore throat.

When are antibiotics prescribed?

Antibacterial agents are the basis of conservative treatment of sore throat with drugs. From the first day of illness, antibiotics are prescribed to adults for streptococcal sore throat.

This contagious disease in adults accounts for up to 15% of all types of tonsil infections. The streptococcal form of acute tonsillitis is diagnosed using a smear for bacterial microflora taken from the back of the throat.

The streptococcal form is more typical for children over 3 years of age and adolescents (up to 30% of the total number of cases). The disease is severe and, in the absence of adequate treatment, causes severe complications in the form of rheumatism and glomerulonephritis.

In adults, the likelihood of complications is less, the streptococcal form is less common than in children, but this bacterial disease must be treated with the use of antibacterial drugs.

The streptococcal form of acute tonsillitis can be assumed in the absence of a cough or runny nose, but the appearance of:
  • acute pain when swallowing;
  • temperatures above 38 degrees.

What antibiotics to take for a sore throat, what is usually prescribed for an adult to drink, is it possible to treat a sore throat without stopping work? These questions sometimes do not even arise in adults, who often do not attach importance to a sore throat and limit treatment to soda gargles.

Meanwhile, acute tonsillitis is a contagious disease. A patient who does not take treatment becomes a source of infection in the family and at work.

Penicillins

When treating streptococcal tonsillitis in adults, penicillins are used - phenoxymethylpenicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin. In the hospital, the antibiotic is prescribed in injections, at home, mainly orally.

The drug of choice for the streptococcal form of acute tonsillitis is phenoxymectylpenicillin. Adults take these antibiotics in tablets every 6 hours, 0.5 g for 10 days.

The choice of phenoxymethylpenicillin for streptococcal sore throat is a highly effective antibiotic against streptococci, but a narrow spectrum of action. Due to the narrow spectrum of action, the drug has less effect on the normal intestinal microflora.

The disadvantages of this natural penicillin include the high likelihood of allergies to the drug. In this case, amoxicillin is prescribed.

The choice of this antibiotic is explained by the fact that, having activity against streptococci, amoxicillin is slowly eliminated from the body; it is enough to take this drug 2-3 times a day.

Flemoxin Solutab is often prescribed in tablet form. The drug is approved for children and pregnant women; it is enough to take it 2 times a day.

The list of the best penicillin antibiotics for adults with sore throat includes:

Severe inflammation with high fever is treated with protected penicillins, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid. Clavulanic acid protects amoxicillin from destruction in the stomach by enzymes, which enhances the therapeutic effect of the drug.

Penicillins quite often cause allergies. Approximately 6% of patients react to penicillins, and half of them have a cross-reaction to cephalosporins.

Macrolides

If you are allergic to penicillins, acute tonsillitis is treated with drugs from the macrolide group - azithromycin, spiramycin, roxithromycin, midecamycin, josamycin.

Macrolides, in addition to activity against streptococci, act on staphylococci, including St. aureus, gram-negative microflora, anaerobes, spirochetes, intracellular parasites - chlamydia, mycoplasmas.

This type of antibiotic for angina is prescribed in tablets, of which Azithromycin, as well as its analogues Azitrox, Sumamed, Zitrolide, are effective macrolides for adults.

These long-acting agents are exclusively suitable for the treatment of adults who have to endure the disease on their feet. The course of treatment is 3 days, it is enough to take 1 tablet every day.

For staphylococcal sore throat, the antibiotics of choice are drugs from the macrolide group; erythromycin is predominantly prescribed for treatment.

Cephalosporins

Cephalosporin drugs are prescribed for severe inflammation of the tonsils caused by gram-positive coccal infections, and for purulent forms of this disease - follicular, lacunar tonsillitis.

Medicines are prescribed in injections and tablets. Cephalosporins remain in the blood for a long time in therapeutic concentrations, which allows the drug to be administered or taken twice a day.

New generation cephalosporin antibiotics - Cefpirom, Cefepime - are highly effective and have a wide spectrum of action, but they are prescribed for sore throats with caution due to the lack of knowledge of the consequences of taking them and side effects in adults.

For purulent sore throat with high fever, strong antibiotics Cefuroxime, Cephalexin, Ceftriaxone, Cifran are used to treat adults.

Carbapenems

Carbapenem antibiotics have broad activity and are used for severe diseases. Carbapenems are active against gram-positive, gram-negative microflora, spore-forming anaerobes.

Drugs of this group are prescribed by injection; carbapanems belong to the reserve drug group. They are used when treatment with antibiotics from other groups fails and there is a high risk of sepsis. The drugs in this group are Meropenem and Imipenem.

Treatment for sore throat

Along with treatment with antibacterial agents, for acute tonsillitis the following is taken:

  • antihistamines – loratadine, clemastine;
  • B vitamins, ascorbic acid.

Antibiotics are not used in the treatment of fungal forms of the disease, and for sore throat caused by a viral infection, antibacterial drugs are prescribed only according to laboratory test indications, the patient’s condition, and the dynamics of the disease.

The indication for antibiotic treatment for viral sore throat in adults is the threat or addition of a bacterial infection, activation of the own microflora of the throat mucosa.

As a rule, a virus that has penetrated into the mucous membrane of the oropharynx activates the normal microflora of the tonsils and provokes increased proliferation of pathogenic microflora.

Staphylococci, gram-negative microorganisms are the culprits of primary myocarditis, cholecystocholangitis, rheumatism, and polyarthritis. In such situations, self-medication threatens the transition of the acute form of the disease to chronic tonsillitis, as well as complications from the heart and joints.

In addition to this material, read the article Treatment of sore throat by gargling.

I was tormented by pharyngitis, they sow mushrooms, they advise gargling with myrrhistine or acid, but my throat hurts and the constant discomfort seems to be tearing my throat

Lump behind the ear in an adult

Runny nose in a nursing mother, treatment with drops and folk remedies

Signs and treatment of sinusitis in adults

Inexpensive drops for runny nose

Treatment of laryngitis in adults at home

How and with what to treat a sore throat in a 2-year-old child

By self-medicating, you can waste time and harm your health!

Copying materials is permitted only with an active link to the site. Everything is in the original texts.

Source: http://loramed.ru/bolezni/gorlo/angina/antibiotiki-a.html

Antibiotics for sore throat: necessity and principles of selection

Sore throat or tonsillitis is an inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsils, which can spread to the lymphoid and lingual tissue. The first recorded cases of tonsillitis in human history occurred in the first century AD.

Before you continue reading: If you are looking for an effective method of getting rid of a runny nose, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis or colds, then be sure to look at this section of the site after reading this article. This information has helped so many people, we hope it will help you too! So, now back to the article.

In the 19th century, tonsillitis was recognized as a dangerous disease and began to be carefully studied. The impetus for this was the premature death of George Washington as a result of complications of purulent tonsillitis.

In the 21st century, no one dies from a sore throat: the discovery of antibiotics put an end to the series of deaths. Nevertheless, tonsillitis remains a serious problem that requires timely diagnosis and responsible therapy. And the basis for the treatment of bacterial sore throat are antibacterial drugs.

What kind of antibiotics are used for angina and what is the choice of medication based on? How long does therapy last? And in general, is sore throat dangerous? Let's figure it out together, a detailed review.

Viral and bacterial tonsillitis: identify!

In the vast majority of cases, sore throats are caused by viruses. Among them are herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegaloviruses, adenoviruses and other pathogens. There are studies showing that in 19% of cases of exudative tonsillitis in children, the cause of the disease lies in the Epstein-Barr virus.

Tonsillitis most often affects children over the age of two. In young children, the cause of the disease is usually various respiratory viruses.

Viral tonsillitis is treated exclusively symptomatically. Antibiotics have no effect against viruses and, therefore, are not prescribed. Therefore, it is so important to correctly identify the pathogen.

Bacterial sore throat: can it be cured without antibiotics?

Many patients faced with a sore throat wonder: is it possible to get by with a little blood and be cured without antibiotics? The answer depends on the origin of the tonsillitis. A viral sore throat actually goes away on its own.

Bacterial sore throat is an infectious disease. Our immune system can cope with viruses and opportunistic microbes, which include some strains of staphylococci, Candida fungi, enterobacteria and others.

If the body encounters pathogenic bacteria that quickly multiply and release a lot of toxins, even the strongest immunity is simply unable to withstand the onslaught. In such cases, there is only one way out - antibacterial treatment.

Bacteria: find and neutralize

The choice of antibacterial agent for tonsillitis depends on the type of bacteria that provoked the disease. As a rule, the range of pathogenic microorganisms that are associated with sore throat is quite limited.

In 15–30% of cases, the cause of sore throat lies in bacterial infection. Group A streptococci, in particular the beta-hemolytic streptococcus Streptococcus pyogenes, play an important role in inflammatory diseases of the tonsils. This pathogen invades the adhesin receptors, which are located in the epithelium of the tonsils.

Sore throat in older children is usually associated with streptococcus and, most often, group A. Peritonsillar abscess is a dangerous complication of tonsillitis, which is accompanied by acute inflammation of the tissues surrounding the tonsils, and is caused by the fusobacterium Fusobacterium necrophorum.

However, sore throat is famous not only for streptococci and fusobacteria. Acute tonsillitis and pharyngitis (inflammation of the pharynx) can also cause:

  • mycoplasma Mycoplasma pneumoniae;
  • Corynebacterium diphtheriae (the causative agent of diphtheria);
  • chlamydia Chlamydia pneumoniae - quite rare;
  • Neisseria gonorrhea is the causative agent of gonorrhea, which is usually responsible for the development of pharyngitis in sexually active individuals.

In the case of recurrent pharyngitis, a polymicrobial flora most often occurs, including aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Mixed infections usually include streptococci, staphylococci, including the infamous Staphylococcus aureus, as well as Haemophilus influenzae and other bacteria.

Antibiotics against sore throat: when to start?

We have already mentioned that antibiotics are prescribed only against sore throats of bacterial origin. The problem is that too often bacterial and viral tonsillitis are clinically indistinguishable. Even the most competent doctor is sometimes unable to differentiate between a virus and a bacteria, especially in the initial stages of a sore throat.

If your tonsillitis is 1-2 days old, and the doctor has already prescribed antibiotics, there may be grounds to talk about the unreasonable prescription of drugs. According to standard treatment protocols, the bacterial origin of sore throat is indicated by:

- the presence of exudate - bloody fluid that oozes from the small vessels of the tonsils;

Bacterial sore throat is characterized by a sharp rise in temperature up to 39–40 degrees. In addition, fever with bacterial tonsillitis is very difficult to correct. If you can't bring down your fever with regular antipyretic medications, it may be due to a bacterial infection in your tonsils;

- leukocytosis - an increase in the level of leukocytes in the blood.

The appearance of such symptoms indicates that the sore throat is bacterial in nature, and, therefore, it is time to take antibiotics.

Why is antibacterial treatment needed?

We all know that Paracetamol reduces fever, and cough drops thin mucus. We clearly see the effect of these drugs. But what does treatment with antibacterial drugs give us?

Timely administration of antibiotics for sore throat allows:

  • prevent acute rheumatic fever. You can completely avoid persistent hyperthermia as a result of an increase in body temperature to 40 degrees if you start taking antibiotics on time;
  • prevent purulent-inflammatory complications. A timely prescribed effective antibacterial drug is an opportunity to avoid the development of a common complication of purulent tonsillitis - paratonsillar abscess - and, as a consequence, surgical intervention;
  • reduce the severity of clinical manifestations of angina. Correct treatment of tonsillitis gives every chance to get rid of or prevent acute pain in the throat, which is practically impossible to correct;
  • prevent bacterial infection from spreading to family members, colleagues, neighbors, and so on;
  • reduce the likelihood of complications, including cardiac ones.

What antibiotics are indicated for streptococcal sore throat?

In the case of tonsillitis associated with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus Streptococcus pyogenes, antibiotics are essential. What antibacterial agents are preferable for the most common streptococcal sore throat?

Oral semisynthetic penicillins are used as the drugs of choice in such cases. For patients who cannot take tablets, injectable benzylpenicillin is indicated.

In addition, when infected with group A streptococcus, the following are effective:

Let's look at each group of drugs in more detail.

Semi-synthetic penicillins

An effective antibacterial drug, which is the first-line treatment for bacterial sore throat caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus, is Amoxicillin (Flemoxin).

Amoxicillin has a wide spectrum of action, which covers not only gram-positive, but also gram-negative flora. High bioavailability, low toxicity and good tolerability distinguish Amoxicillin from other antibacterial drugs.

For bacterial sore throat, Amoxicillin is prescribed in a dose of 500–1000 mg three times a day. The optimal course of treatment is ten days.

It should be remembered that penicillins can be destroyed by strains of bacteria that produce beta lactamase. Infection with antibiotic-resistant strains is likely with recurrent tonsillitis. If your child gets a sore throat a second time or more during the fall-winter season, Amoxicillin must be replaced with another antibiotic. Protected penicillins or lincosamides (Clindamycin) are used as alternatives.

Protected penicillin - treatment for sure!

Protected penicillins are a complex of Amoxicillin and a substance that prevents the destruction of the beta-lactam ring. The most commonly used compound is clavulanic acid or its salts. Note that these substances do not have a systemic effect and do not have a bactericidal effect. The only function of clavulanates is to protect the antibiotic from beta-lactamases, in particular from penicillinase.

Among the most famous protected penicillins, Augmentin, Amoxiclav and the dispersible form - Flemoclav - take pride of place.

Amoxicillin complexes with clavulanic acid (for example, Amoxiclav) are prescribed as antibacterial treatment for follicular and purulent tonsillitis at a dose of 500–1000 mg two to three times a day. The course of treatment lasts from seven to ten days.

There is evidence that long-term administration of protected penicillins for severe recurrent tonsillitis caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus is an alternative to tonsillectomy. Sometimes a 3-6 week course of Augmentin can save tonsils that are almost doomed to be removed.

Caution: infectious mononucleosis!

If children have all the symptoms of a sore throat, the doctor should be especially careful when prescribing penicillin antibiotics. The fact is that the clinical manifestations of bacterial tonsillitis in the initial stages are very difficult to differentiate from the symptoms of a viral disease called infectious mononucleosis. And children are more likely to become infected with this infection.

The pathology that is associated with the Epstein-Barr virus has almost all the signs of bacterial tonsillitis. Severe sore throat, fever, the appearance of exudate in the tonsils and even enlarged lymph nodes - all these symptoms of infectious mononucleosis are sometimes difficult to distinguish from bacterial tonsillitis. As a result of this confusion, antibacterial agents may be erroneously prescribed.

That's when the real problems begin. The fact that antibiotics are not effective against bacterial infections is not so bad. In the end, the Epstein-Barr virus is generally eliminated on its own, that is, over a certain period of time, the disease will go away on its own.

Trouble awaits those patients with infectious mononucleosis who, through a doctor’s mistake or on their own initiative, begin to take penicillin antibiotics. Such treatment in almost 100% of cases is accompanied by the appearance of a thick reddish rash that covers the entire body. If you develop severe rashes while taking an antibiotic (for example, Augmentin) for a sore throat, there is a high probability that the cause of the infection is the Epstein-Barr virus.

The actions of the injured patient in this case should be limited to immediately informing the doctor, who will most likely cancel the antibacterial drug.

Cephalosporins: pros and cons

As an alternative to semisynthetic penicillins, cephalosporin antibiotics are used. Their prescription is justified if the patient, for example, is allergic to penicillins.

For the treatment of bacterial tonsillitis, second- and, less commonly, third-generation cephalosporins are used. These drugs include:

Cefuroxime is a second-generation drug that is active mainly against gram-positive microorganisms. Cefpodoxime and cefixime are more effective against infection with gram-negative flora, and therefore are used very rarely for bacterial tonsillitis.

One of the main disadvantages of oral cephalosporins is their low bioavailability. Most of these drugs are only 40–60% absorbed in the intestine. Therefore, many doctors openly dislike cephalosporins for oral administration.

Cefuroxime is active against many gram-positive strains, including those that produce beta-lactamase. For angina in adult patients caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus, the antibiotic cefuroxime is prescribed at a dose of 250 mg twice a day for ten days.

The most well-known cefuroxime drugs include Zinnat produced by the Glaxo corporation, as well as Axef (Medokemi company, Cyprus).

Pediatric forms of cefuroxime are available in the form of a dry powder, which is dissolved before use. The dosage of cefuroxime for children is calculated, as in the case of other antibiotics, based on the child’s weight.

Antibiotics for sore throat in injections: is there any point?

I would like to pay special attention to injectable dosage forms of cephalosporin antibiotics. Russian doctors are particularly sensitive to parenteral antibacterial agents. Often these medications are prescribed as first-line treatments. Despite the fact that official treatment protocols primarily recommend tablet antibiotics, our doctors, in an effort to cover the entire spectrum, prescribe injections.

Undoubtedly, ceftriaxone is one of the most popular domestic parenteral antibiotics.

A third-generation cephalosporin drug that is active against many gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, ceftriaxone, of course, will cope with sore throat. Moreover, it is also effective against infection with strains that produce beta-lactamase. However, are antibiotic injections really necessary for a sore throat?

The vast majority of foreign experts believe that there is no particular need for the use of injectable antibiotics for tonsillitis. Both tableted protected penicillins and lincosamides have high bioavailability and a wide spectrum. The high antibacterial effectiveness and safety of Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid complexes in the treatment of follicular and purulent tonsillitis, as well as peritonsillar abscess, have been clinically proven.

Therefore, before buying your favorite set of syringes and clinking glass bottles, consult with a great specialist. And believe that modern pharmaceuticals are able to offer a worthy alternative to effective but traumatic injectable antibiotics.

Lincosamides and bacterial tonsillitis: irreconcilable enemies

Lincosamides do not have the disadvantages of unprotected penicillins and cephalosporins. Therefore, in many cases these antibiotics are prescribed for bacterial sore throat.

Many patients and even some doctors have almost never encountered drugs from the lincosamide group. But the old, time-tested Lincomycin, which is used today mainly in dental practice, belongs to them.

Among the most effective lincosamides indicated for the treatment of bacterial pharyngitis, Clindamycin takes pride of place.

Clindamycin is recommended for use for recurrent sore throats along with protected penicillins. The tablet form of the antibiotic penetrates tissues just as well as the injected form, and this fact is one of the important advantages of the drug. In addition, Clindamycin is equally effective against rapidly and slowly dividing microorganisms. This property of the antibiotic explains its high effectiveness against sore throats caused by infection with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus.

The only limitation to the use of Clindamycin is due to the rather narrow spectrum of action of the drug. Therefore, before prescribing it, it is better to carry out a differential diagnosis of the pathogen.

Clindamycin is prescribed in the form of oral tablets or capsules, and also as an injection solution. Note that in case of mild or moderate angina, oral Clindamycin is used. And only in cases of severe recurrent tonsillitis, including those caused by hospital strains of streptococcus, is an injectable antibiotic prescribed.

Clindamycin tablets or capsules are dosed based on the patient's medical history. The antibiotic dosage ranges from 150 to 400 mg every six hours, that is, four times a day. This intensive frequency of use is caused by the rather short half-life of Clindamycin. However, some inconvenience in dosing is more than compensated by the high effectiveness of the antibiotic even in severe sore throat caused by highly resistant strains of beta-hemolytic streptococcus.

In Russian pharmacies, Clindamycin can be purchased under the following trade names:

— Dalacin is an original drug that is of high quality and the same price. Manufacturer: American concern Pfizer;

— Clindacin produced in Jordan.

Complicated form of acute tonsillitis

A serious complication of bacterial tonsillitis is a peritonsillar abscess or phlegmonous tonsillitis. This condition is characterized by the occurrence of extensive inflammation not only in the tonsils, but also in the tissues adjacent to them. A peritonsillar abscess can develop on one or both sides of the tonsil.

Most often, the complication is recorded in children, adolescents and young adults. The basis of treatment for peritonsillar abscess is:

  • opening and drainage of purulent contents;
  • prescription of antibiotics.

Despite the threatening name of the disease and the rather frightening picture, full of bright ulcers against the background of purplish-red tonsils, peritonsillar abscess responds well to antibacterial treatment. What antibiotics are prescribed for phlegmonous sore throat?

As a rule, oral, that is, tablet medications are sufficient to eliminate the pathogen. The following are used as first-line treatments for peritonsillar abscess:

In rare cases of spontaneous opening of a paratonsillar abscess during antibacterial therapy, gargling with antiseptic solutions is recommended.

The effectiveness of treatment for angina largely depends on how long you take antibiotics: the course of treatment should not last less than 10 days.

Sore throat: antibiotics for mixed infection

In the vast majority of cases, the cause of bacterial sore throat is streptococcus. However, there is a possibility of developing tonsillitis as a result of infection with intracellular pathogens, including mycoplasma and chlamydia. Penicillins and cephalosporins do not penetrate the cell membrane and therefore do not have a bactericidal effect on these microorganisms.

Sore throat associated with intracellular bacteria requires a special approach to therapy. The disease must be carefully diagnosed, and the pathogen itself must be identified. If tonsillitis is associated with intracellular infection, macrolide antibiotics are the drugs of choice.

The most effective macrolides include Azithromycin and Clarithromycin.

The famous antibiotic, which is taken for sore throat and contains only 3 tablets per package, is Azithromycin. The drug has a long half-life, so it can be used only once a day. The adult dosage is 500 mg per day, and the children's dosage is selected individually depending on the age and weight of the child. The course of treatment for tonsillitis with Azithromycin can range from three to seven days.

Clarithromycin is a broad-spectrum macrolide often prescribed for tonsillitis. Adult patients are advised to use 250–500 mg of Clarithromycin per day for seven or ten days. The dosage for children is 7.5 mg per kilogram of the child’s body weight.

Effective clarithromycin preparations include:

— Klacid produced by the famous company Abbott;

— Fromilid, which is produced by the Slovak company KRKA;

— Clarithromycin-Teva from the Israeli concern Teva.

Self-medication - stop!

If symptoms of a bacterial sore throat appear, any patient should immediately consult a doctor. If, against the background of a sore throat and a moderate increase in temperature, there is a sharp deterioration in the condition - fever, intense pain, difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath - there is no time to waste. Moreover, bacterial tonsillitis is an infection that can be transmitted by airborne droplets. This means that while you are thinking about the need to see a doctor, you can infect the whole family. And it’s not just you who will need a doctor.

Despite the fact that antibiotics are still available in Russian pharmacies without a prescription, you should not rely on luck. The prerogative of selecting an antibacterial agent belongs only to specialists. Trust the knowledge and experience of a qualified doctor and recover from this unpleasant disease - sore throat - with a calm heart.

The article above and comments written by readers are for informational purposes only and do not encourage self-medication. Consult a specialist regarding your own symptoms and illnesses. When taking any medicine, you should always use the instructions that come with the medicine and your doctor's advice as a guide.

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Antibiotics for sore throat: which ones are better?

In this article, we will look at the features of taking antibiotics for sore throat in adults and children.

Do I need to take antibiotics for a sore throat?

As you know, tonsillitis (tonsillitis) is an acute bacterial infection that predominantly affects the mucous membrane of the oropharynx with inflammation of the tonsils.

Since sore throat is caused by streptococcus or staphylococcus bacteria, the main drug treatment should be timely and mandatory use of antibiotics - medications that contribute to the death of pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria) that are sensitive to them.

Treatment of angina should be comprehensive and timely, since the mild and moderate stages of the disease with the use of effective antibiotics, as a rule, go away quite quickly, without the development of any other serious complications (tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia).

In severe cases of tonsillitis, treatment is often carried out in an inpatient department with hospitalization of the patient, while the patient is prescribed intensive antimicrobial therapy, which promotes local destruction of the infection with broad-spectrum antibiotics against a variety of infectious bacteria and viruses.

Prescribing antibacterial agents is possible only after examining the patient by a qualified ENT doctor or therapist, if the patient has the following main signs of tonsillitis:

  • severe and persistent sore throat;
  • extensive (local) purulent plaque on the tonsils, the cause of which, as a rule, is purulent or lacunar tonsillitis;
  • a significant increase in body temperature above °C, which remains constant in the patient for 3-4 days;
  • soreness and enlargement of the lymph nodes (inguinal or cervical);
  • constant general weakness, fatigue or lethargy.

Remember: for all of the above symptoms, you should definitely consult a doctor, who will prescribe the necessary antibacterial treatment depending on the severity of the disease. Taking and self-prescribing antibiotics for tonsillitis is strictly contraindicated, as this can lead to quite serious, undesirable complications.

When answering the question of whether it is necessary to take antibiotics for a sore throat, you can safely and confidently say yes, since the use of antibacterial agents is mandatory, both in the initial and in the further complex treatment of this rather serious disease, which, in the absence of timely and complete treatment, can provoke the development of very serious complications, both from the heart and kidneys, and many other organs and systems of the human body.

What antibiotics should I take for a sore throat?

For complex treatment of sore throat with antibiotics, many different antimicrobial agents can be used, the selection of which is carried out exclusively by the attending physician, depending on the degree of sensitivity of a particular type of antibiotic to the bacterium that caused the inflammatory disease.

There are several groups of the most effective broad-spectrum antibacterial agents, the main of which are:

  • penicillins (amoxiclav, amoxicillin, amoxil, penicillin, ospamox, ampicillin, augmentin) are very sensitive antibiotics against many bacteria and viruses that cause sore throat. Most often, the attending physician first prescribes an antibiotic of the penicillin group. Antibacterial drugs can be produced both in the form of tablets for internal administration, and in injections for intramuscular administration in more severe, complicated stages of the disease. The course and dose of a medicinal, antimicrobial drug is prescribed exclusively by the attending physician, depending on the situation, while the average daily dose is approximately 1 t. 2-3 r. per day for at least 5-7 days;
  • macrolides (sumamed, erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, chemocin, roxithromycin) are most often prescribed in cases of individual intolerance, as well as insensitivity of bacteria or viruses that cause tonsillitis to penicillin antibiotics. Antimicrobial drugs of this group have a very high accuracy of destruction against a large number of pathogenic microorganisms, while antibiotics are low-toxic, which is also quite important. It is recommended to take antibiotics 1 t. 1-2 r. per day, strictly as prescribed by the attending physician;
  • Cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cephabol, cetaclor) are antibacterial agents that exhibit a strong and broad antimicrobial effect against many pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Cephalosporins are mainly prescribed for the treatment of moderate and severe angina, often complicated by the development of secondary inflammatory processes (laryngotracheitis). These antibiotics must be prescribed with extreme caution, since as a result of their long-term use, the patient may become addicted to the drug. Antibiotics are prescribed exclusively by the attending physician (in injections or tablets, depending on the severity of the disease), and the average course of treatment is at least 5-7 days.

Antibiotics for sore throat for adults

Taking antibiotics for the treatment of sore throat in adults should be mandatory and comprehensive, with strict selection of the most sensitive antimicrobial drug to the bacteria that cause the disease.

Antibiotics should be prescribed by a qualified general practitioner or ENT specialist, after a comprehensive examination of the patient’s body and the presence of the main symptoms of the disease (high fever, severe sore throat, plaque on the tonsils, swollen lymph nodes).

The course and dose of the necessary antibiotic for a sore throat is prescribed by the attending physician depending on the stage and form of the disease, while on average the duration of treatment is at least 5-7 days, and it is strictly not recommended to interrupt the use of medications in advance.

Since long-term use of antibiotics generally negatively affects the intestinal microflora (causes the death of normal intestinal bacteria), it is necessary, in parallel, to use probiotics - special biological substances (Linex, bio-yogurt) that help restore the body’s previous intestinal microflora.

Many doctors first begin treatment of sore throat with penicillin antibiotics (amoxicillin, amoxil), since it is this group of drugs that exhibits the most sensitive and wide spectrum of antimicrobial action against many pathogenic bacteria.

In most cases, antibiotics can be used to treat sore throat, both in the form of tablets and in injections, while the injection of the drug is more effective and less irritating to the gastric mucosa compared to oral (internal) tablets.

The best antibiotics for sore throat in adults

  • amoxiclav is a very effective antibacterial drug that exhibits a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action. It can be prescribed as the main drug in the complex treatment of sore throat and its possible complications (bronchitis, tracheitis, inflammation). The drug is available both in the form of tablets and syrup, and the attending physician independently chooses the required form of the drug to take. The main course of treatment depends on the severity of the disease and on average lasts at least 7-10 days;
  • Bioparox is one of the most popular and widely used antibiotics for the treatment of sore throat. The drug has an excellent and wide spectrum of antibacterial action. The antibiotic is produced mainly in the form of an inhaler for spraying the drug onto the inflamed tonsils. The average course of treatment is 5-7 days, 1-2 sprays 3-4 r. in a day;
  • amoxicillin is a fairly strong, common broad-spectrum antibiotic that is actively used to treat inflammatory processes in the oral cavity (sore throat, laryngitis, acute pharyngitis). The drug causes few side effects, while it has very good antimicrobial effectiveness. The average course of treatment with amoxicillin is at least 4-6 days, while the average daily dose is 1 t. 1-2 r. per day after meals. The course and dose of the drug must be prescribed by the attending physician individually for each patient, while self-medication in this case is strictly contraindicated;
  • sumamed is the best and one of the strongest antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial (purulent, follicular) sore throat. The drug can be used both in the form of tablets and in the form of injections for spraying in the mouth. The antibiotic is widely used for a variety of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, including tonsillitis. The drug has a wide spectrum of action against many pathogenic bacteria that cause sore throat. The average course of treatment with the drug is 5-7 days, while the average daily dose is 1-2 sprays 2-3 r. in a day. Before taking an antibiotic, you should definitely consult your doctor;
  • Erythromycin is a strong and quite effective antibiotic for the treatment of sore throat in adults. The drug has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action against a large number of pathogenic bacteria. The course and dose of the drug is prescribed by the attending physician and is approximately 1 t. 1-2 r. per day for 5-7 days, depending on the severity of the disease.

Attention: taking antibiotics to treat sore throat in adults should only be done after mandatory consultation with a qualified doctor, since self-medication and choosing an ineffective antibiotic can only significantly complicate the further progression of the disease.

Antibiotics for sore throat for children

The choice of an antibacterial drug necessary for a child should always be approached quite seriously, and the attending pediatrician must prescribe a laboratory culture of a swab from the oropharynx for the child to diagnose it in detail and determine the bacteria or virus that caused the sore throat.

Only after laboratory culture and the results obtained, the pediatrician can select the necessary antibiotic for the child, which will be sensitive to the bacteria (mainly streptococci or staphylococci) that cause the disease.

Antibiotics are selected for children depending on age, weight, as well as the presence or absence of an acute allergic reaction to a specific antibacterial drug.

The most sensitive to angina are penicillin antibiotics (augmentin, amoxicillin, azithromycin, amoxiclav, flemoxin), so it is best to start treating the disease with these medications.

The course and dose of antibiotics is prescribed exclusively by the pediatrician individually for each child, depending on the severity of the disease, as well as the presence of secondary complications (bronchitis, laryngotracheitis). On average, the daily dose of medications is 1 t. 1-2 r. after eating for 5-7 days.

Also, one of the features of penicillin antibiotics is that they are generally slightly toxic, which is also quite important, especially when treating sore throat in young children (1-2 years of age) whose immunity is already very weak.

If the results of treating a sore throat with penicillin antibiotics do not give the necessary results, and also if the child is allergic to penicillin antibiotics, then the attending pediatrician can select ceftriaxone-type antibacterial agents for treatment, mainly for intramuscular administration (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefazolin) .

The average course of continuous treatment of sore throat with antibiotics in children is approximately 5-7 days, and it can be extended by the pediatrician depending on the situation or exacerbation of the disease.

Treating a sore throat with self-prescribed antibiotics is strictly contraindicated, since this can only lead to an exacerbation of the disease, or the development of serious complications from other organs and systems of the child’s body.

Is it possible to cure a sore throat without taking antibiotics?

Of course, many begin to treat sore throat with various folk remedies, as well as by taking anti-inflammatory medications, but you must always remember that sore throat is an acute infectious or bacterial infection, the treatment of which in the purulent or follicular form is almost impossible without an effective antibacterial agent that promotes the death of pathogenic bacteria that caused the disease.

Most often, treatment of sore throat without antibiotics is possible in a mild stage of the disease, which is not accompanied by severe pain in the throat, as well as high body temperature, more than 38.5 - 39 ° C.

Full treatment of mild sore throat should begin in a comprehensive manner, immediately upon the development of the first symptoms of the disease. The main stages of treating a sore throat without taking antibiotics should include:

  • adherence to strict bed rest, since sore throat can often cause severe complications on the performance of internal organs (mainly the heart and kidneys);
  • regular consumption of a sufficient amount of liquid: water, compote, juice, fruit drink, mineral, non-carbonated water (an adult should drink at least 2-2.5 liters per day);
  • the food should be gentle and liquid enough so as not to injure the already inflamed mucous membrane of the tonsils. Food must contain a sufficient amount of vitamins (vegetables, fruits) beneficial to the body in order to further strengthen the body’s immunity;
  • Frequent gargling with antiseptic solutions of furatsilin, chlorhexidine, propolis or ordinary salt and soda (for 1 tbsp of warm water, take 1 tsp of soda and 1 tsp of salt + 1 tsp of iodine) has very good antimicrobial properties. also, decoctions of calendula, chamomile, sage. You need to gargle with antiseptics regularly, at least 5-6 times. in a day;
  • taking antipyretic drugs - acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), Panadol, Nurofen, Efferalgan, paracetamol, ibuprofen with a significant increase in body temperature above 38 °C. It is not recommended to lower the temperature to 38 °C, since it is believed that at this temperature the body independently fights the infection;
  • taking aerosols for spraying (ingalipt, orasept, yox, angilex, hepilor, bioparox, propolis, chlorophyllipt) has a good antibacterial effect in the treatment of angina. It is recommended to use aerosols for at least 4-6 r. per day, 1-2 short sprays on the inflamed mucous membrane of the oropharynx;
  • antibacterial lozenges for resorption (faringosept, strepsils, streptocide, farington, chlorophyllipt, antiangin) are recommended to be taken regularly, dissolved throughout the day, best every 2-3 hours. Medicines have excellent antiseptic properties that cause the death of many pathogenic bacteria;
  • Steam inhalations have excellent anti-inflammatory properties. You need to breathe hot steam with the addition of soda (1 tsp) and salt (1 tsp) for at least 2-3 r. per day for 5-7 days. Carrying out inhalations allows you to accelerate the removal of the inflammatory process in the area of ​​the palatine tonsils;
  • It is recommended to steam your feet daily in hot water with the addition of sea salt, which significantly enhances the anti-inflammatory healing effect.

If, with all of the above methods of treating a sore throat without antibiotics, the patient’s general well-being does not improve for a long time, then it is imperative to consult a doctor in a timely manner.

In this article, we found out which antibiotics should be taken to treat a sore throat.

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Remember, self-medication is dangerous to your health! Consult your doctor

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