Antihistamines for nasal swelling

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Allergic swelling of the nose

Any person should know how to quickly and effectively get rid of swelling of the nasal mucosa, a rather dangerous condition provoked not only by various pathogenic microorganisms, but also by allergic reactions.

Table of contents:

This condition of the mucous membrane is quite dangerous, as it disrupts the body’s protective functions performed by the epithelial layer of the upper respiratory tract.

What is allergic swelling of the nasal mucosa?

This pathological condition, which occurs as a result of the body's response to any external irritant, appears in medical terminology as allergic rhinitis or sinusitis. Such a negative process occurs with the appearance of an acute inflammatory process on the nasal mucosa. Swelling is a direct consequence of the release of antibodies in the blood that prevent the effects of allergens on the body.

The pathological process leads to the fact that the vessels located in the epithelial tissue lining the inside of the nose undergo significant expansion due to exposure to substances dangerous to humans, which provokes allergic swelling of the nasal mucosa. This pathological condition is quite difficult not to notice, since it has vivid symptoms. The main manifestation of nasal swelling, which is directly related to allergies, is a rapid, almost lightning-fast increase in the size of the nostrils and their acquisition of a bluish-red hue after direct contact of a person with any allergen.

The following unpleasant symptoms are also noted:

  • a feeling of dryness and burning appears inside the nose;
  • constantly having bouts of sneezing or coughing;
  • the soft palate is very itchy;
  • there is a pronounced itching of the skin adjacent to the olfactory organ - its tip or wings are very itchy;
  • clear exudate is released from the nose abundantly and tears flow involuntarily;
  • nasal breathing becomes difficult.

All this contributes to a decrease in a person’s performance and the appearance of insomnia. It should also be said about such a feature of the allergic reaction that provokes nasal swelling as the rapid appearance of some serious complications, reminiscent of acute sinusitis in its manifestations. They are characterized by the presence of dull pain in the patient’s forehead. There may also be persistent tinnitus accompanied by hearing impairment (hearing loss).

This form of ENT disease is especially serious when it develops and lasts for a long time in young children, becoming chronic. Its further consequences will be a gothic palate and the formation of an incorrect bite. In order to eliminate this pathological condition, it is necessary to know the true causes of swelling of the nasal mucosa. Such information will help the specialist develop the most correct treatment tactics, which will result in complete relief from negative symptoms in a short time.

Important! Allergic reactions manifest themselves exclusively selectively, that is, if dust has an adverse effect on a person, he may never have problems with food or medicinal components. Most people are susceptible only to seasonal allergies (hay fever), which is an acute process that appears after pollen from flowering plants enters the body. The most dangerous allergenic plants are considered to be birch, poplar and such a southern plant as ragweed.

Causes of swelling of the nasal mucosa

The main cause of seasonal runny nose, as already mentioned, is the susceptibility of the mucous membrane covering the nasopharynx to the negative influence of any allergen, a substance that can have an increased irritant effect. It should be noted that allergic swelling of the nose occurs not only when it is time to bloom plants that are dangerous in this sense for allergy-dependent people. There are many other factors that can provoke such a reaction in a person.

The manifestation of nasal swelling and allergic rhinitis are directly related to the following prerequisites that have a year-round effect:

  • pet hair and dander;
  • particles of cuticle (top cover) of indoor insects - cockroaches, bedbugs, dust mites;
  • dust that accumulates on household items, as well as mold that constantly appears in damp living areas;
  • some medications and foods;
  • chemicals intended for pest control.

An allergist will help you find out the immediate causes of swelling of the nasal mucosa. A specialist of this qualification prescribes certain tests that can most accurately indicate the factor that provoked the development of an allergic reaction of this type in a person.

Important! Allergic rhinitis or sinusitis very often develops in children. The occurrence of a pathological condition is preceded by 2 reasons - insufficient development of their immune system or uncontrolled use of vasoconstrictor drugs to treat a runny nose. That is why experts recommend that parents of young children take a more responsible approach to the treatment of their respiratory diseases and not allow the use of topical nasal agents without prior consultation with a specialist.

Diagnosis of allergic swelling of the nasal mucosa

It is possible to identify the development of this form of pathological condition of the nasopharynx and nasal sinuses only during an in-person examination. For this, a special mirror is used, which allows the specialist to visually see the condition of the epithelial tissue covering the inner surface of the olfactory organ. Further diagnosis of nasal swelling requires mandatory fluoroscopy and consultation with an oncologist to exclude the malignant nature of swelling of the nasal passages. The next stage of diagnostic research for this form of the disease is the direct determination of the allergen.

Methods for identifying it can be seen in the table:

Typically, the results of these diagnostic research methods coincide in 80% of cases, which confirms allergic swelling of the nose. Treatment of this form of pathology is prescribed based on the data obtained by the specialist about the direct participation of a specific allergen in the development of allergies, accompanied by swelling of the olfactory organ.

Trigeminal and olfactory scents

The most common cause of allergic nasal swelling is various odors. Moreover, as experts note, this is not only what our olfactory organ can clearly sense (strong or weak aromas of flowers, rotten or fresh food, chemicals, eau de toilette and many others), but also indistinguishable for it, but determined exclusively by the olfactory sense. cranial nerve odors.

It is to them that for the most part an allergy (rhinorrhea) occurs, accompanied by the appearance of a “acrid” feeling in the nose, even when a person does not have an olfactory reflex. Removing allergic swelling that has arisen for this reason is quite simple - you just need to well ventilate the room where this pathological reaction occurred. In the future, to prevent it, you should avoid direct contact with the substance that caused the negative sensations.

How to relieve allergic swelling of the nose and make breathing easier?

Allergies, accompanied by swelling in the nose, can cause significant disruption to a person’s quality of life. That is why allergy-dependent people suffering from this form of pathology are interested in effective methods of getting rid of it.

In this case, otolaryngologists recommend the following actions:

  • rinse the nasal cavity with a special solution. The use of this technique will help to quickly eliminate the effect of the allergen on the mucous membrane and relieve swelling from the epithelial tissue of the olfactory organ and facilitate breathing. To carry out the procedure, use a solution that is safe for allergy sufferers, such as a solution of sea salt;
  • The allergic form of nasal swelling is also effectively eliminated with the help of asparagus. This healing vegetable should be added to all dishes, soups, and salads wherever possible. Fresh juice made from apple, carrot and asparagus juice has a very good effect;
  • Experts in the field of traditional medicine recommend using eggshells for this purpose. It is washed well, dried, crushed into a fine powder and taken a pinch to which two drops of lemon juice are added, immediately after eating.

But you shouldn’t forget about the main therapy.

Important! It is necessary to immediately remember the list of folk remedies that are unacceptable for allergic forms of rhinitis or sinusitis. Under no circumstances should these pathologies develop to use Golden Star balm, garlic, onion or essential oils of juniper, mint, eucalyptus, lemon and pine to relieve negative symptoms. It is also prohibited to carry out hot inhalations and breathe in potato steam, as in this case a significant increase in the manifestations of swelling may occur.

Treatment of allergic swelling of the nasal mucosa

Home methods for eliminating the pathological condition are not enough, since they can only provide a temporary effect. In order to completely rid an allergy-dependent person of this type of illness, it is necessary to carry out a traditional course of drug therapy. When a patient is diagnosed with allergic swelling of the nasal mucosa, treatment should be comprehensive, aimed at eliminating negative symptoms. It consists of taking certain pharmaceuticals while following a special diet.

The most commonly used medications are those listed in the table:

Important! Treatment of children for this pathology should be carried out with caution, especially with regard to the use of vasoconstrictor drops. When using them, in no case should you violate the duration of the course prescribed by the doctor, since these drugs cause rapid addiction, as a result of which the baby’s body begins to react to them with the opposite effect - increased swelling.

Swelling that develops on the nasal mucosa due to allergic reactions requires timely treatment. Adequate therapy should be carried out in this case as soon as possible, since the negative effects of a substance dangerous to humans quickly spread to the eye tissues and lower respiratory tract located in the immediate vicinity of the olfactory organ.

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Effective nasal decongestants

Swelling of the nasal passages is often the first symptom of a runny nose. Tissue swelling is observed due to the expansion of local blood vessels under the influence of microbial toxins or allergens. Do not underestimate the influence of environmental factors, such as dry, dusty air or chemicals. How to relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa? Medicinal and traditional medicines can be used in treatment. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages, so the choice is yours.

How to treat swelling of the nasal mucosa? To ensure patency of the nasal passages, the following drugs can be used:

As for folk remedies, vegetable juices and aloe juice are not able to eliminate congestion, since they do not have a spasmodic effect on local blood vessels.

You can improve nasal breathing using onion-based inhalations. To do this, just peel, chop the onion, wrap it in a scarf and inhale the aroma for 10 minutes.

Similar inhalations can be performed with garlic. Based on these ingredients, you can also prepare nasal drops that are effective against microbial runny nose.

Vasoconstrictor drugs

Vasoconstrictor medications are the most powerful medication group that quickly relieves swelling of the nasal tissue. It includes many drugs that differ in the duration of therapeutic action, composition and dosage.

The drugs are available in the form of aerosols, drops or ointments. For a child, it is recommended to use solutions for drip administration, because when spraying a spray there is a risk of the medicine getting into the auditory tube.

Preparations for intranasal use have different concentrations of the active substance, which makes it possible to select the most effective for each case of disease in children and pregnant women.

Medicines relieve swelling in the nose by narrowing local blood vessels. The result of this is a decrease in the severity of tissue edema, the volume of mucous secretions, nasal congestion and easier nasal breathing.

Many representatives of the group of vasoconstrictor drugs are contraindicated for:

  • atrophic form of rhinitis;
  • individual intolerance to components;
  • glaucoma;
  • severe arterial hypertension;
  • arrhythmias;
  • epilepsy;
  • convulsions;
  • severe cardiac, renal, liver failure;
  • pheochromocytoma;
  • taking antidepressants, some anti-tuberculosis drugs;
  • thyrotoxicosis;
  • diabetes mellitus

Adverse reactions include:

  1. cardiac rhythm disturbance;
  2. arterial hypertension;
  3. headache;
  4. insomnia;
  5. tremor;
  6. excitability;
  7. burning, itching sensations, dryness in the nasopharynx;
  8. urinary retention (in the presence of diseases of the urinary tract);
  9. an allergic reaction, which is expressed by skin rashes, swelling of the face, itching, and hyperemia.

Long-term use of these drugs is accompanied by drying out of the mucosa, inhibition of the ciliated epithelium and a decrease in the sensitivity of the walls of blood vessels to vasoconstrictor substances (including those of endogenous origin).

There are several groups of vasoconstrictor medications for the nose, which differ in the duration of vasospasm.

Short acting

Representatives of this group are characterized by a short therapeutic effect, which does not exceed 5-6 hours. The drugs have a high risk of addiction, as they require frequent nasal instillation.

One such medicine is Tizin. It contains tetrahydrozoline. The effect develops a couple of minutes after spraying the solution onto the mucous membrane. Tizin acts much more mildly than Naphthyzin (a vasoconstrictor drug known to many).

Indications include rhinitis of various types, except atrophic. As part of combination therapy, it can be prescribed for otitis media and sinusitis.

Nasal drops can be placed 2-4 in each nostril up to four times a day. Tizin 0.1% is prescribed for people over 6 years of age. Starting from two years, you can use 0.05% up to three times a day. The maximum duration of the course is 5 days, after which a break in the use of the vasoconstrictor is necessary.

Medium duration

Rinostop has an anti-edematous effect of medium duration. Its active ingredient is xymetazoline. The duration of the therapeutic effect is 9 hours.

To relieve swelling, you can drip two drops up to three times a day. A 0.1% solution is prescribed from the age of six. Starting from the age of two, the use of 0.05% is allowed.

Rinostop in aerosol form is prescribed one spray three times a day. The maximum course should not exceed 5 days.

Long-lasting

Anti-edema drugs in this group are based on oxymetazoline, due to which the duration of vasospasm lasts up to 12 hours. One of these drugs is Nesopin. It starts working within 15 minutes.

From 6 years of age, 1 spray twice a day is recommended. Nasal swelling in adults can be eliminated by spraying two to three doses of the drug.

As for pregnancy, the decision to prescribe vasoconstrictors is made solely by the doctor. If a woman has previously dripped similar solutions, they may be needed in the treatment of runny nose in pregnant women.

Antihistamines

What medications help get rid of swelling of the nasal mucosa of allergic origin? Allergodil is widely used for allergic rhinitis. In addition to the antihistamine effect, the medicine has anti-inflammatory properties.

Decongestants of this group are used for seasonal, year-round allergies to reduce the severity of symptoms of the disease.

Allergodil is allowed from four years of age, one spray twice a day is recommended. Among the contraindications, individual intolerance to the components of the product should be highlighted.

Usually the drug is well tolerated, but increased congestion, rhinorrhea, itching, and sneezing may occur.

Combined products

Thanks to the combined composition of drugs, it is possible to quickly eliminate nasal congestion and get rid of systemic manifestations of the disease. Despite the high effectiveness of such drugs, it is worth highlighting a greater number of adverse reactions and contraindications than with monocomponent medications.

To enhance the therapeutic effect, medicinal drops should be applied to the nasopharyngeal mucosa, cleansed with saline solution.

Vibrocil

If swelling of the mucous membrane is caused by an allergic reaction, Vibrocil can make breathing easier. It consists of a vasoconstrictor, antihistamine component, which allows you to quickly eliminate nasal congestion.

The dosage of the drug is determined by the severity of the disease and the age of the patient. Infants are prescribed a drop up to three times a day. From one year of age to six years, two drops are recommended. For adults, the dosage can increase to four drops.

Vibrocil in aerosol form is used from the age of six, one or two sprays three times a day in each nasal passage. You can also use the gel for intranasal administration. It is usually applied in the evening to ease night breathing.

Usually the medicine is well tolerated, but in some cases slight itching, burning sensations, as well as dryness in the nasopharynx may occur.

Vibrocil is prescribed for therapeutic purposes for rhinitis of various origins, as well as before diagnostic procedures and in the postoperative period to eliminate swelling.

Contraindications include:

  1. atrophic type of rhinitis;
  2. taking antidepressants;
  3. individual intolerance to the components of the drug.

Caution in use should be observed for people with cardiac diseases, hyperfunction of the thyroid gland, enlarged prostate, diabetes, glaucoma, and severe atherosclerotic vascular disease.

Maxicold

To treat runny nose of viral and cold origin, you can use Maxicold tablets or powder. It not only reduces the severity of local symptoms, but alleviates the general condition. It contains phenylephrine, paracetamol, vitamin C. Thanks to the combined composition, the drug:

  • reduces tissue swelling;
  • eliminates nasal congestion;
  • facilitates nasal breathing;
  • reduces the volume of mucous secretions;
  • eliminates aches in joints and muscles;
  • normalizes temperature;
  • strengthens immune defense.

The drug is prescribed for acute respiratory viral infections, which are accompanied by chills, hyperthermia, difficulty breathing through the nose, rhinorrhea, and headache.

Among the contraindications we highlight:

  1. increased production of thyroid hormones;
  2. severe heart pathology;
  3. glaucoma;
  4. prostate adenoma;
  5. renal, liver failure;
  6. alcoholism;
  7. age up to 9 years (for tablet form), up to 12 years (for powder);
  8. taking antidepressants, beta-blockers;
  9. hypersensitivity.

The tablets should be taken whole one hour before or one hour after meals. Adults are prescribed 2 tablets up to four times a day. For a child, the dose is half as much.

To prepare “hot tea”, simply fill the contents of the bag with 230 ml of hot water. Doses: one packet every 6 hours. Adverse reactions include:

  • an allergic reaction, which manifests itself as skin rashes, tissue swelling, hyperemia, itching sensations;
  • shortness of breath;
  • irritability;
  • decreased heart rate;
  • angina pectoris;
  • fluctuations in blood pressure;
  • nausea, vomiting;
  • headache;
  • excitability;
  • heart rhythm disturbance.

When taking the medicine for more than a week, changes in uric acid and glucose levels in the blood may occur. Monitoring liver function indicators is also recommended.

Preventive actions

To reduce the incidence of nasal congestion, you need to follow some recommendations. They relate to lifestyle and living conditions. So, you need:

  1. avoid contact with a person suffering from ARVI;
  2. do not overcool;
  3. do not overuse spicy foods;
  4. stop smoking;
  5. take vitamins;
  6. regularly ventilate the room;
  7. carry out wet cleaning;
  8. maintain the humidity level in the room at 55%;
  9. use protective equipment in hazardous industries;
  10. avoid contact with allergens;
  11. Healthy food;
  12. drink up to two liters of fluid daily;
  13. exercise.

Please also note that long-term use of vasoconstrictors can lead to dilation of the blood vessels of the nasopharynx. As a result, swelling of the mucous membrane can be observed constantly, regardless of the concentration of endogenous vasopressors in the blood.

Author: Svetlana Galaktionova

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    How to relieve allergic swelling of the nose?

    One of the manifestations of an allergic reaction may be swelling of the nasal cavity. The cause of this phenomenon can be a variety of irritants. The severity of this symptom depends on the individual characteristics of the human body and the aggressiveness of the irritating substance.

    Allergies, nasal swelling, lacrimation, sore throat - such unpleasant symptoms can occur under the influence of various irritating substances:

    • pollen and plant fluff;
    • dust particles;
    • wool, dander, animal saliva;
    • insect elements;
    • molds;
    • medications;
    • food products (citrus fruits, dairy products, eggs);
    • household chemicals;
    • cosmetic and perfumery products.

    Allergic swelling of the nose in a child develops more often if there is an innate predisposition to allergies.

    This feature manifests itself even in infancy, when skin rashes appear upon contact with one or another irritant.

    What exactly caused the swelling of the nose can only be determined by a specialist, so if swelling of the nasal cavity develops, you should immediately contact a medical facility. To identify the irritant, the doctor will conduct special allergy tests, after which appropriate therapy will be prescribed.

    Symptoms

    Allergic swelling of the nose is accompanied by characteristic symptoms that distinguish it from swelling of viral or bacterial origin:

    • swelling develops suddenly after interaction with a certain irritant;
    • after eliminating the allergic substance, the severity of edema decreases;
    • concerned about intense itching in the nasal cavity;
    • there is a clear, watery discharge from the nose;
    • nasal breathing is impaired;
    • General condition worsens, performance decreases, sleep is disturbed.

    How to relieve allergic swelling of the nose? To eliminate such an unpleasant symptom, a specialist may prescribe the following medications:

    • vasoconstrictor drugs. Many people, who often experience allergic rhinitis and edema, independently, without a doctor’s prescription, use drugs that have a vasoconstrictor effect. These medications really effectively eliminate swelling, but such drugs should be used for a strictly limited time (maximum 5-7 days). Uncontrolled use of vasoconstrictors can lead to vasomotor rhinitis. Modern drugs of this drug group are Xylometazoline, Tizin, Intersen.
    • antihistamines. Such drugs effectively eliminate any symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction, including swelling of the nasal cavity. Under their influence, the release of histamine from mast cells is suppressed, and as a result, the body’s response to the stimulus is reduced. This drug group includes drugs such as Claritin, Suprastin, Cetrin, Zodak.
    • hormonal drugs. If the use of the medications described above does not bring the necessary therapeutic effect, treatment of allergic swelling of the nose is carried out using hormonal agents. Under the influence of corticosteroids, swelling of the nasal cavity decreases and mast cell membranes are stabilized. These medications include nasal sprays Nasonex, Beconaze, Nasobek.

    The specialist may also prescribe allergen-specific immunotherapy. This procedure allows you to develop tolerance (immunity) to the stimulus. During immunotherapy, minimal doses of the allergic element are introduced into the patient's body. Gradually, the dose of the administered substance is increased, thereby reducing the body's reaction to it. This treatment method can be used exclusively in inpatient settings, under the supervision of qualified specialists.

    Diet

    Therapy for hypersensitivity of any nature necessarily involves following a special diet.

    If you are predisposed to developing allergies, you should exclude from your menu foods that provoke the release of histamine. It is recommended to avoid using:

    • smoked meats;
    • canned food;
    • sausage products;
    • salmon;
    • pickled products;
    • sharp cheeses;
    • alcoholic drinks.

    These products are not vital, and eliminating them from your diet will not be difficult. While the health benefits for a person prone to allergic reactions will be undeniable.

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    Swelling of the nasal mucosa: why does it occur and how to deal with it?

    One of the most common pathological conditions in otorhinolaryngology is nasal swelling. Its nature is to increase the accumulation of fluid in the tissues of the mucous membrane of the nasal passages. Severe swelling of the nose makes it difficult to breathe freely, causes congestion, changes the timbre of the voice and reduces the quality of life.

    >> The site presents an extensive selection of medications for the treatment of sinusitis and other nasal diseases. Enjoy it for your health! <

    Development mechanism

    Swelling of any organ is one of the most important signs of an inflammatory response. Inflammation and swelling of the nasal mucosa is the body’s protective reaction to certain pathological changes that have arisen in this area. This condition is always characterized by blood flow to the nasal mucosa and the release by cells of special substances involved in the process of inflammation. As a result, capillary permeability increases, and vascular fluid enters the space between the cells of the mucous membrane. This causes a feeling of congestion, the appearance of pathological discharge (mucus, pus, sometimes blood) and other unpleasant signs.

    For what reasons does the nose swell?

    The main reasons that may cause swelling of the nasal mucosa can be divided into 3 large groups:

    • infectious (bacterial, viral);
    • allergic (when exposed to inhalation, medicinal, food and other allergens);
    • traumatic (consequences of injuries, surgical interventions in the nose).

    These reasons explain the formation of a swollen nose in children and adults in 90% of cases. The remaining 10% may result from rarer factors:

    • deviated nasal septum;
    • congenital narrowing of the nasal passages;
    • neoplasms in the nasal cavity (benign and malignant);
    • consumption of alcoholic beverages;
    • the occurrence of cerebral hernias.

    Depending on the cause, the symptoms of nasal swelling may vary, and this helps to suggest the correct diagnosis, sometimes even without first visiting a doctor.

    Swelling of the nose due to a runny nose of a viral nature

    Swelling of the nasal mucosa in such cases is one of the symptoms of a viral disease (acute respiratory infection, influenza) and is accompanied by the formation of mucous secretion.

    With rhinitis of viral origin, a mucous liquid of almost transparent color is released from the nasal cavity. This condition, also called catarrhal inflammation, indicates that the cells of the mucous membrane are affected by one of the viruses that “loves” such localization (rhinovirus, adenovirus, etc.). Often this condition can be accompanied by a sore throat, fever, and fatigue.

    There are two ways to eliminate swelling of the nasal mucosa during a viral infection:

    1. etiologically – destruction of the virus with drugs;
    2. symptomatically - with the help of drugs whose action is aimed directly at reducing edema (vasoconstrictor drugs).

    To most readers, the first option may seem like the best option: after all, it is better to eliminate the cause of the pathology than to blindly act on the symptoms. However, despite the prevalence of acute respiratory viral infections, a drug that can effectively destroy them still does not exist. There is a group of drugs called “antiviral” on the pharmaceutical market, but most of them are immunomodulatory drugs that can only improve the body’s resistance. The use of such drugs is justified as prophylaxis before the development of symptoms of the disease or in the first hours of the disease. An organism without severe immunodeficiencies is able to cope with such a viral infection on its own in a few days, and symptomatic remedies can be used to make you feel better.

    To relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa caused by a viral infection, you can use drops with a vasoconstrictor effect. There are a great variety of them in pharmacies, ranging from the simplest and cheapest (Naphthyzin for 15 rubles) to more expensive modern drugs (for example, Rinofluimucil for 250 rubles). The mechanism of action of sprays and drops for nasal swelling is to narrow the lumen of the capillaries of the mucous membrane and reduce the penetration of fluid into the intercellular spaces. Their advantages are that they act within a few minutes after application, instantly making breathing easier.

    Regardless of the cost of vasoconstrictor medications, they should not be taken for longer than 5-7 days. They cause the nasal mucosa to become addictive to use and disrupt its normal functioning.

    After the human body copes with the virus, the runny nose will go away on its own. Most often this takes about one week. It is advisable to alternate the use of vasoconstrictors with washing the nasal cavity with saline solutions (physiological, Aqualor, Aquamaris and others).

    Swelling of the nose due to a bacterial infection

    Viral infections have an immunosuppressive effect, so they are often accompanied by bacterial flora, which causes purulent runny nose, sinusitis, tonsillitis and a number of other diseases. To prevent the development of a secondary bacterial infection during the viral process, it is necessary to try to maintain bed rest.

    The addition of bacterial flora is indicated by a change in the color of the discharge from the nasal passages. From transparent it becomes yellowish, gradually turning into green. This is a sure sign that it is necessary to start treatment with antibacterial drugs.

    In addition to the color of the discharge, nasal swelling during a bacterial infection differs from a viral infection in more pronounced symptoms, which are characterized by:

    • severe congestion;
    • increased viscosity, making it difficult to blow the nose;
    • the appearance of an unpleasant odor.

    The approach to treatment in this case is fundamentally different from the previous one. In case of bacterial infection, symptomatic use of vasoconstrictor drugs alone will not cope. A direct impact on the bacterium that caused the development of the pathological condition is necessary. To achieve the best therapeutic effect and treat nasal swelling of bacterial origin, it is better to use the following algorithm of actions:

    1. Instill any vasoconstrictor drug into the nasal passages.
    2. Clean them by blowing your nose.
    3. Treat the mucous membrane with a drug that has an antibacterial effect.

    For such purposes, you can use such products as Miramistin, Isofra, Bioparox, Polydexa. They have good bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties and will help you quickly cope with a protracted runny nose of a purulent nature and prevent the development of sinusitis. It is necessary to use such drugs strictly according to the instructions and not to exceed the recommended period of treatment, since the irrational use of antibiotics can lead to negative consequences in the form of the development of bacterial resistance.

    Swelling of an allergic nature

    If swelling of the nasal mucosa occurs for no apparent reason and is not accompanied by a rise in temperature, sore throat or other signs of an infectious disease, then the development of an allergic reaction can be suspected. This is supported by frequent sneezing, itchy skin, burning of mucous membranes, and lacrimation. The cause is most often inhaled allergens, which get on the nasal mucosa, causing an inflammatory reaction and the development of edema. A disease that is seasonal and has a clear connection with flowering plants is called hay fever or seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, in which swelling of not only the nose but also the eyes develops.

    In such cases, to treat swelling of the nasal mucosa, it is necessary to use drops or sprays that contain glucocorticosteroids or antihistamines. Hormonal medications scare many people, but this fear is completely unfounded. Topical glucocorticosteroids are recommended for the treatment of allergic rhinitis by leading European allergists and are included in all modern treatment regimens. They effectively relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa, and their regular use for preventive purposes helps prevent exacerbation of allergic rhinitis. Contrary to fears, local glucocorticosteroids are not highly addictive and do not have a systemic effect on the body. The most popular representatives of this group are Avamis, Flixonase, Nazonex.

    Antihistamines are second-line drugs for eliminating swelling of the nasal mucosa and relieving other allergy symptoms. They come in the form of a spray (Allergodil) and tablets. Antihistamines require regular use, especially during exacerbations, so it is better to give preference to the latest generation of drugs (Zyrtec, Claritin). Drugs such as Tavegil and Suprastin cause severe drowsiness and are not suitable for daytime use in people leading an active lifestyle.

    Vasoconstrictor drugs should not be used to eliminate allergic swelling of the nose. Their use is possible only in exceptional cases, when it is not possible to relieve nasal swelling and congestion using other means.

    Swelling after injury

    This type of edema refers to forms that are not accompanied by a runny nose. Injuries to the nasal area, like any other, are characterized by pain and nosebleeds. These cases require immediate contact with a surgeon or traumatologist, because they can have unpleasant and even life-threatening consequences. With severe trauma, damage to the ethmoid bone is possible, which is accompanied by the release of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the nasal passages. This is an extremely ominous sign that indicates very serious damage. How to relieve nasal swelling caused by injury? As first aid, you can use ice, which will temporarily reduce pain, slow down the development of the inflammatory reaction and partially reduce swelling.

    Swelling is a normal reaction of the body to surgical interventions in the nasal area. These can be operations aimed at eliminating pathological disorders (septoplasty, removal of polyps), or correcting the shape. Nasal swelling after rhinoplasty lasts for one and a half and sometimes two weeks. The tip of the nose and the bridge of the nose swell the most. All drugs that are aimed at combating it must be prescribed by the operating surgeon. It is necessary to monitor the rate of swelling reduction. If swelling only worsens over time, you should immediately consult a specialist. Most likely, this indicates the onset of an infectious process, which can complicate the operation. Also, in the postoperative period, it is better to limit yourself to excessively salty foods, which contribute to fluid retention.

    The swelling remains at the tip of the nose the longest, although sometimes it is unnoticeable to anyone except the patient himself. Anti-inflammatory compresses made from chamomile decoction may be useful in such cases. To do this, you need to fold the gauze in several layers, moisten it in a cool solution, squeeze it a little and apply it to the swelling for a minute.

    Other causes of nasal swelling

    If nasal swelling is constant and is not associated with allergies, then you should consult a doctor to find out the cause. This may be due to the presence of benign (polyps) or even malignant tumors, hormonal disorders, congenital defects (deviated nasal septum). Nasal swelling can occur during pregnancy, but it should always go away on its own after delivery.

    Long-term swelling of the nasal mucosa without obvious causes and a tendency to disappear requires a thorough diagnosis, which includes taking an anamnesis, anterior rhinoscopy, and sometimes endoscopic examinations and tomography of the paranasal sinuses.

    How to relieve nasal swelling in a child?

    Treatment of swollen nasal mucosa in a child meets all the principles listed above. The only difference is that you need to carefully study the instructions for the drug you are using and make sure that it is safe for a child of a particular age.

    Also, children's skin is more sensitive to mechanical stress and the use of medications, so inflammation of the nasal mucosa in a child is often accompanied by swelling under the nose, which is characterized by itching and burning. To relieve such unpleasant symptoms, it is recommended to use plant-based anti-inflammatory creams (Dr. Theiss, La Cree). The first occurrence of swelling in the nose in a child is an indication to consult a pediatrician.

    Source: http://gaimoriti.ru/proyavleniya/otek-nosa.html

    How to relieve severe nasal swelling in a child: treatment of the nasopharyngeal mucosa

    Contact with the outside world occurs through various organs and systems. One of these “means of communication” is our sense of smell. There are a huge number of small particles in the air that can have an adverse effect on the child's body. The first barrier is the nasal mucosa. The baby develops nasal congestion, which is very worrying for parents. A swollen nose in a child can have dangerous consequences.

    Causes of swelling of the nasal mucosa and nasopharynx

    Swelling of the nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosa occurs for various reasons. When an infectious agent or allergen gets on the tissue, the blood supply to the vessels increases. This leads to an increase in their volume and the occurrence of edema. Experts identify the following main causes of swelling of the external respiratory tract:

    • infectious diseases;
    • allergic reactions;
    • chronic diseases: tonsillitis, adenoiditis, rhinitis;
    • nasal injuries;
    • dry indoor air.

    Characteristic symptoms

    There are also characteristic symptoms for each pathological agent. Let's look at the clinical manifestations depending on the cause:

    1. In case of infectious lesions of the nasal mucosa, there is always a pathogen - viruses or bacteria. With a viral runny nose, the secreted fluid is clear and abundant. When rhinitis is complicated by bacterial flora, the discharge thickens and turns yellow or green. With a fungal infection, white mucus appears with streaks of mycelium, crusts form on the mucous membrane, which then erode.
    2. In the environment, namely in the air, there are a large number of substances that provoke allergies. When they are inhaled, the immune system of the child’s body is activated. The mucous membrane becomes irritated and, as a result, swelling occurs. The baby is sneezing, mucous discharge is clear, breathing is partially difficult or completely impossible.
    3. Any chronic disease of the nasopharynx and nose can lead to swelling. Adenoiditis is characterized by a powerful inflammatory process. All surrounding tissues fill with blood, and breathing becomes problematic. With tonsillitis, the tonsils become inflamed and their volume can increase several times. This leads to partial blockage of the airways.
    4. If a child receives a nose injury, inflammation will not take long to occur. Swelling of all nasal tissues partially or completely blocks nasal breathing. The baby feels pain of varying intensity. Possible bleeding.

    If a child has swelling of the nose, it is recommended to consult with a specialist who will determine the nature of the symptom and prescribe the correct treatment.

    How to relieve swelling?

    It is important to relieve swelling in a short time. This problem must be approached comprehensively. Treatment must be prescribed by a specialist. The choice of means for these purposes is huge. All of them are aimed at eliminating the causes and clinical manifestations of the disease. An individual approach to each child is of great importance.

    Medication method

    What pharmaceutical drugs can relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa in a child? If swelling of the baby's nose and nasopharynx is caused by an infectious agent, it is preferable to use vasoconstrictor and anti-inflammatory drops. Their selection depends on the age of the child and the individual characteristics of the body:

    • Rinofluimucil. Not prescribed for children under 3 years of age. From three to 10 – 1 press into each nostril (no more than 4 times per day). The course of treatment is 7 days.
    • Vibrocil. Suitable for swelling caused by viruses. Contraindicated for babies under 12 months. From 1 to 6 years – 1-2 drops. up to 4 r/day.
    • Sanorin. Apply when the child reaches the age of two, 1-2 drops of a 0.05% solution 2-3 times a day.
    • Sanorin-Xylo. Children under 6 years old – 1-2 drops. 0.05% concentration three times a day.
    • Nazivin. Helps relieve severe swelling and neutralize an allergic reaction. From birth to 1 month – 1 drop of 0.01% 2-3 r/day. From 5 weeks of life to one year - 0.01% 1-2 drops. 2-3 r/day. 1-6 years – 0.025% solution, 1-2 drops. 2-3 r/day.

    For swelling of an allergic nature, it is advisable to use antihistamines (for oral administration):

    • Fenistil. Divide into three doses: from 1 month to 12 drops, from 1 year to 3 drops, 3-12 years - drops.
    • Zyrtec. Drops are recommended from 6 months. 6–12 months - 1 time per day, 5 drops, 1-6 years - 5 drops. two times a day, from 6 years – 20 caps. once a day.

    Swelling of the mucous membrane in a child can be relieved by inhalation. Unlike drops, the medicine does not flow down the throat, but is securely fixed to the mucous membrane. Such procedures are performed using a regular pan or nebulizer. The drugs used are saline solution, eucalyptus, Miramistin or another agent. For the procedure to be effective, you need to breathe deeply and smoothly. Inhale through the nose, exhale through the mouth.

    ethnoscience

    Swelling of the nasal mucosa in a child can be relieved not only by traditional medicine, but also by folk remedies. They are resorted to in cases of refusal of medication. It is better to use them under the supervision of a pediatrician.

    Drops based on aloe juice are a very effective remedy for nasal swelling, but they can only be used after consultation with a pediatrician

    The following recipes exist:

    1. Inhalations with a composition of finely grated onion, garlic, horseradish root. Relieves swelling during infections. The mixture is placed in a jar and a paper funnel is inserted into it. The baby needs to inhale the vapors. For dry inhalations, dried lily of the valley is used. It is ground to a powder and stored in a jar.
    2. Wash with infusion of chamomile flowers. A decoction is prepared from dried inflorescences. Take a tablespoon of the plant and pour boiled water at room temperature. Place in a water bath, simmer for a minute, strain. The procedure is performed 4-6 times a day.
    3. Drops based on aloe juice. Take a fresh sheet (at least 3 years old), wrap it in parchment paper and put it in the refrigerator for 12 hours. Then the leaves are squeezed out and mixed with water 1:4. Instill 1-2 drops.

    How to restore the nasal mucosa after treatment?

    Tissue restoration consists of:

    • use of healing agents;
    • corticosteroid therapy;
    • carrying out physiotherapeutic procedures;
    • moisturizing the mucous membrane;
    • use of immunostimulating agents.

    Healing preparations include: Lanolin and Naftalan ointments, Solcoseryl, Vaseline. Tampons are soaked in the medicine and placed alternately in each nostril. Sea buckthorn, olive and peach oils help soften the mucous membrane.

    My son developed swelling of the nasal mucosa due to an allergic reaction. I didn’t know what to do. I used the advice in the article. They dripped drops, washed the nose, took allergy medications. And my nose began to breathe very quickly.

    It is precisely in order to avoid treating the nasal mucosa later that I do not use vasoconstrictor drops. In general, I try to do without medications. Usually, rinsing with saline solution and inhaling with essential oils are enough.

    Attention! All information on the site is provided for informational purposes only and is for informational purposes only. For all questions regarding the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, you must consult a doctor for an in-person consultation.

    Source: http://vseprorebenka.ru/zdorove/simptomy/otek-nosa-u-rebenka.html