After surgery for a deviated nasal septum

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Surgery to correct the nasal septum

Surgery to correct the nasal septum (septoplasty) is considered the least traumatic type of surgery. It allows you to correct bone and cartilage tissue through the nostrils, without scars or scars on the face.

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The procedure quickly and effectively improves the patient’s quality of life, relieves numerous problems and restores natural breathing through the nose.

Septoplasty does not change the shape of the nose and is not a cosmetic surgery, but if necessary, it can be combined with rhinoplasty.

Causes of displacement of the nasal wall

The nasal septum is a vertical osteochondral plate that divides the nasal cavity into halves. Its defect causes a displacement of the wall relative to its axis horizontally or vertically. In this case, the deformation can be either one-sided, two-sided or S-shaped.

The reasons for the curvature of the nasal wall can be very different. They are usually divided into the following groups:

  • Physiological deformations. They occur as a result of facial presentation of the fetus, forceps delivery, or uneven development of the facial bones during adolescence. A hereditary factor can cause the defect.
  • Traumatic displacement. It is observed more often in men and adolescent boys. Occurs as a result of a blow or fall.
  • Compensatory reason. The presence of ENT diseases in a chronic form often leads to curvature of the nasal wall.

Whatever the factors and reasons this pathology is caused, its complete correction today is only possible with the help of surgery.

Who needs septoplasty

Indications for surgical intervention may include persistent difficulty breathing, chronic runny nose, nosebleeds, deterioration of hearing and vision. A deviated nasal septum is the cause of frequent and severe ENT pathologies, often becoming chronic.

Snoring in obese people can lead to stroke

The most suitable age for surgery to correct the nasal septum is 14 years and older. In children, septoplasty is performed only as a last resort, when the benefits outweigh the risk of abnormal formation of the nasal bones in the future.

Contraindications to surgery

Like any operation, septoplasty has its advantages and disadvantages. Despite the ease of execution and low invasiveness, the procedure has a number of contraindications:

  • hemophilia;
  • diabetes;
  • pathologies of the cardiovascular system;
  • severe infectious diseases;
  • cancer alert.

Manipulation is rarely carried out in the elderly and senile age and in the presence of mental illness.

Types of septoplasty

Surgery on the nasal septum in modern medicine is performed in several ways. For complex deformities that require removal of part of the lateral wall or its reconstruction, endoscopic septoplasty is indicated. For minor septal defects, you can get by with an alternative method - laser septoplasty.

The procedure does not require a long hospital stay and is performed under anesthesia. Minimal tissue damage guarantees fast and trouble-free healing.

Submucosal resection

The oldest method of correcting defects in the nasal wall. Classic surgery to straighten the nasal septum involves resection of small areas of the lateral wall that interfere with its normal functioning. In this case, the epithelium is carefully peeled off, which allows you to maintain its integrity and reduce bleeding. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia.

Submucosal resection is the most ancient and traumatic method of correcting the nasal septum.

Surgery for a deviated nasal septum at the site of injury requires elimination of the deformed areas with subsequent formation of the lateral wall anew. With appropriate preparation for the removal of defects and the right attitude, the operation is painless and with minimal damage.

Endoscopic septoplasty

This term means correction of the median wall of the nose using video equipment, which allows for precise and least traumatic manipulations.

Typically, this operation to straighten the septum lasts 20–40 minutes. Its duration depends on the degree of curvature of the plate, the presence of spines and ridges. Pain relief can be either general or local. Before the intervention, the patient is given premedication, which reduces the level of anxiety and prepares the patient for further manipulations.

Endoscopic septoplasty is a modern and low-traumatic method of correcting the nasal wall

In medical practice, the method of isolated correction of ridges and spines is sometimes used. However, this type of resection has not taken root, since it is technically complex and more often requires combined corrections.

Septoplasty with laser

Surgery to correct the nasal septum using a laser is usually performed under local anesthesia. Using a special instrument, the surgeon warms up the cartilage tissue and gives it the correct shape. If the lateral wall is pathologically overgrown, the specialist evaporates the excess tissue with a laser, leveling the septum. Then it is fixed in the desired position with silicone splints.

The operation takes 25–30 minutes and is performed on an outpatient basis. Its effectiveness and low invasiveness allows you to avoid bleeding and infection. However, laser septoplasty has a number of contraindications and is not always effective in difficult cases.

Laser septoplasty is the most modern type of surgery

Other types of septoplasty

In addition to the most common methods of straightening a curved septum discussed above, there are other ways to eliminate defects in the lateral wall:

  • Septorhinoplasty. A combined intervention that includes laser correction and plastic surgery of the appearance of the nose.
  • Ultrasonic cristotomy. It is performed with an ultrasonic knife and gives an almost bloodless result.
  • Replantation. It is a reconstruction of the septum using cartilage transplantation.

If it is necessary to correct the external shape of the nose, you can always combine rhinoplasty with any type of septoplasty.

Preparation for the operation and its implementation

Before surgery to straighten the nasal septum, the patient is prescribed a series of examinations, including a general blood test, MRI of the nasal plane, rhinoscopy, skull radiography, and computed tomography. You can take all tests and undergo examination at the clinic at your place of residence.

Next, the patient is admitted to the hospital, preferably one day before the operation. These hours are spent preparing for the intervention. When meeting with an anesthesiologist, you should choose the type of anesthesia (local or general anesthesia) and talk about the tolerability of various medications. If general anesthesia is prescribed, you should not eat or drink in the morning on the day of surgery.

During the procedure, septal defects are eliminated, including displacement of fragments of the lateral wall, its bending or separation. The removal of growths, spines and ridges, and the straightening of the cartilage tissue relative to the central axis. Then absorbable sutures are placed on the intervention area.

After surgery, the nose is fixed with a bandage

After the operation to straighten the septum is completed, silicone splints are inserted into the nasal cavity or the nasal passages are tamponed with turundas. With laser intervention, tamponing and suturing are not required. A plaster or gauze bandage is applied externally.

Contraindications and complications

Even though it is minimally invasive and traumatic, septoplasty, like any surgical intervention, carries its share of risks. The consequences of surgery are most often associated with the possibility of bleeding or infection of the wound.

In some cases, septoplasty can lead to changes in the shape of the nose or damage to the nerve endings of the mucous membrane. However, most often the intervention takes place without any complications.

Rehabilitation

The postoperative period is not very difficult. Usually it proceeds smoothly and almost painlessly. In the first 24 hours, the patient has tampons (silicone or gauze) in the nose, which help stop the bleeding and maintain the correct position of the nasal wall.

To relieve pain, the patient is prescribed analgesics. In addition to them, the following can be specified:

  • hemostatic agents;
  • antipyretic;
  • antimicrobial drugs.

After removing the tampons, the doctor recommends rinsing the cavities with moisturizing solutions and lubricating them with peach oil to prevent the formation of crusts. You should not blow out the contents of your nose to avoid bleeding.

After endoscopic nasal surgery, patients are discharged from the hospital after 1–3 days. Full recovery of breathing usually occurs within a few weeks. All this time, the patient should be observed by an ENT doctor and carefully follow his recommendations.

The recovery process after endoscopic septoplasty takes several days

If we talk about laser correction, then the recovery process is much easier here. After it, as a rule, there is no need to take medications or stay in the hospital.

If the patient suffers from allergic rhinitis, exacerbations may occur during the rehabilitation process, which will require additional treatment.

Sick leave after endoscopy is closed for the 10th day. By this time, swelling and external bruises, if any, disappear. With proper care of the nasal cavity, the recovery period ends quickly and does not cause any problems for the patient.

How to decide to have surgery

Of course, the most difficult thing is to overcome your fear and agree to the operation. Even patients who have suffered from nasal congestion and other complications of a deviated septum for years procrastinate until the last minute. And they can be understood. After all, any intervention in the body means pain and fear. In order to still take the decisive step, you should read reviews of people who have undergone surgery for a deviated nasal septum.

I suffered with a stuffy nose for a long time, almost all 28 years of my life. I couldn't think of anything. And low immunity, and the damp Leningrad climate, and... Yes, I thought about everything until I went to the ENT doctor. He finally said that a crooked nasal septum was to blame. He scheduled an operation. I was terribly afraid. I don't remember the process itself. Six months have passed, and what do I want to say? Yes, it’s scary, yes, it’s unpleasant, but it’s worth it. My nose breathes perfectly, I can smell all the smells, my head no longer hurts all the time. I'm happy.

I will share my observations, I hope it will help someone. I am 30 years old, young woman. After several years of suffering, I decided to have surgery. My nose stopped breathing completely, a nasty runny nose appeared, not severe, but I couldn’t go anywhere without a handkerchief. I had septoplasty on the nasal septum. Now the nose is breathing and everything is fine. And why did you suffer for so many years? Everything turned out to be not at all as scary as they told me and I imagined. Therefore, do not be afraid and make up your mind. It definitely won't be worse than it is.

For as long as I can remember, since childhood, my nose has always been covered in snot and blooms with herpes. And on the right she’s not breathing at all. I went to the ENT specialist and found out that I had a deviated septum. She agreed to the operation without hesitation. I decided to do it under local anesthesia and greatly regretted it. It was painful. Very. True, it all ended quickly, but I cried there... People walk around like cucumbers after the operation, and I am alone with a swollen face and bitten lips. Now, however, my nose is breathing, my runny nose and herpes have gone away, which I am incredibly happy about. But it’s better to do it under anesthesia. Otherwise everything is fine, it healed quickly.

As you can see, opinions are mostly positive. After the operation, your well-being changes dramatically, and new sensations appear. People get rid of rhinitis, their sense of smell returns, and their headaches go away. Therefore, do not delay with septoplasty and do not be afraid. A good attitude and strict adherence to the doctor’s recommendations will help make the intervention painless and recovery quick.

Comments

My daughter is 30 years old, she has been suffering from sinusitis for 12 years, now doctors tell us that at the moment there is no sinusitis, but a deviated nasal septum (she fell on the edge of a table as a child, broke her nose, there was bleeding and a scar remained). The doctor said that an operation should be done, although many people say that the operation is of little benefit. Help me understand this situation.

Will such an operation help to restore hearing? The doctor told me that I need to do the septum first. Then your hearing will improve.

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ATTENTION! All information on the site is for informational purposes only and does not claim to be absolutely accurate from a medical point of view. Treatment must be carried out by a qualified doctor. By self-medicating you can harm yourself!

Source: http://superlor.ru/lechenie/operaciya-ispravleniyu-nosovoy-peregorodki

Septoplasty (surgery to correct the nasal septum): indications, types and implementation, results

Septoplasty is an operation on the nasal septum performed to correct its curvature or other defect.

Various research data claim that the incidence of a deviated nasal septum ranges from 65% to 95%, which, together with a clear clinical picture, has led to high attention from the medical community to the problem of surgery to correct the nasal septum. The first mentions of surgical interventions that laid the foundation for modern surgery of the nasal septum date back to the 19th century. A large amount of clinical experience in the field of septoplasty, coupled with the achievements of modern science, make this surgical intervention one of the most clinically effective and safe.

Structure and functions of the nasal septum

The nasal septum consists of three parts: bone (it is located quite deep inside the nasal cavity and consists of bones), cartilaginous (in the form of a quadrangular cartilage) and mobile (the area from the skin between the nostrils to the cartilaginous part).

The nasal septum divides the nasal cavity into two nasal passages, thereby determining the uniformity of air flow during breathing. It also performs important supporting and formative functions - it is directly involved in giving a certain shape to the nose, especially its apex and lower surface.

Causes of development of a deviated nasal septum

Physiological – occurs as a result of disharmonious development of parts of the nose at a young age. Most often, non-traumatic curvature takes the form of a complete displacement towards the entire septum, thickening ridges, or outgrowths-spikes.

types of deviated nasal septum

Traumatic – occurs as a result of external, most often mechanical, impact. In most cases, the injury combines damage to the structures of the nasal septum itself and the bones of the nose, which causes a significant cosmetic defect and requires septoplasty of the nasal septum in combination with rhinoplasty.

Compensatory (adaptive) - occurs when in the nasal cavity there is some kind of formation outside the septum itself, exerting pressure on the latter. In this situation, surgery on the nasal septum is combined with surgery to eliminate the cause of the deviated nasal septum.

Tumors of the nasal septum - and this is not always cancer; in most cases, tumoral curvature of the nasal septum is caused by polyps, benign tumors.

Indications for surgical treatment

There are often cases when a person has a number of symptoms, sometimes severe, and does not even suspect that the cause of his troubles is a deviated nasal septum. The decision to use surgical treatment is made in the presence of severe symptoms:

  • Cosmetic defect - this includes a crooked nose, a hump, a depression, or simply an irregular shape of the nose;
  • Constant runny nose - frequent mucous discharge from the nose;
  • Chronic nasal congestion on one or even both sides, which can be manifested by breathing through the mouth;
  • Feeling of dryness in the nose and mouth;
  • Noisy breathing during sleep;
  • Snoring, often very strong;
  • Frequent nosebleeds, sometimes for no apparent reason;
  • Allergic reactions up to manifestations of bronchial asthma;
  • Frequent colds;
  • Frequent and chronic inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses - maxillary, frontal and others;
  • Headache;
  • Increased fatigue, decreased attention and performance, memory impairment;
  • Reduced sense of smell.

It should also be taken into account that in the presence of a pronounced curvature of the nasal septum and the absence of the above symptoms, it makes sense to perform surgical straightening of the nasal septum, since, especially at a young age, compensatory and adaptive mechanisms are able to neutralize the clinical manifestations. With age, the body's adaptive abilities, which previously coped with the task, are depleted, and symptoms begin to increase, and performing surgery at a more mature age is not always possible due to the general condition of the organs and systems.

Preparing for surgery

If a decision is made to perform surgery for a deviated nasal septum, a number of routine medical tests are prescribed to assess the general condition of the body and the presence or absence of contraindications for anesthesia and surgical treatment:

  1. General blood analysis;
  2. General urine analysis;
  3. Blood chemistry;
  4. Blood testing for the presence of HIV infection, viral hepatitis and syphilis;
  5. Coagulogram – determines the state of the blood coagulation system;
  6. Blood sugar level;
  7. Electrocardiography;
  8. Fluorography.

Sometimes, if necessary, the doctor expands the list of laboratory tests and makes appropriate prescriptions.

Immediately before the operation you should:

  • Shave your mustache if you have one;
  • Avoid drugs that reduce blood clotting (for example, aspirin, cardiomagnyl, heparin, Plavix, warfarin, diclofenac, indomethacin and others);
  • You should also refrain from drinking alcohol and limit smoking.

Contraindications for surgical treatment

Surgery for a deviated nasal septum does not have any specific contraindications, which means that if a person can undergo any significant surgery, then he can also undergo septoplasty. But there are still certain contraindications:

  1. Age: over 50 years old, and also younger. This is due to the fact that after 50 years, atrophy of the mucous membrane occurs and it “loses” somewhat, which leads to the restoration of normal air flow through the nasal passages and, as a consequence, the pointlessness of the operation. At younger ages, surgical interventions on the cartilage and bones of the nose are undesirable, since until this age the growth of both cartilage and bone elements often remains, which can lead to the futility of the treatment. However, in the presence of pronounced defects and symptoms, surgery can be performed both from the age of six and after 50 years;
  2. The presence of an acute or aggravated chronic inflammatory disease;
  3. Presence of menstruation and the first week after it;
  4. Mental illnesses;
  5. Coagulopathies are blood clotting diseases;
  6. Decompensation of chronic somatic diseases;
  7. Tuberculosis of the lungs and upper respiratory tract;
  8. Severe atrophy of the epithelium of the nasal septum.

Anesthesia

Depending on where the curved area is located, the operation is performed using local anesthesia or general anesthesia (anesthesia).

Local anesthesia when straightening the nasal septum is performed when the curvature of the septum does not affect the bone part, but is localized only in the movable or cartilaginous part of the nasal septum - in these areas, the mucous membrane is irrigated with an anesthetic, or tampons soaked in an anesthetic are applied and, after complete loss of all types of sensitivity, start the operation.

When the curvature involves bone structures, or septoplasty of the nasal septum is only a part, or a stage of an extensive operation, then the patient receives general anesthesia. Children are also operated on in a state of anesthesia.

Methods of surgical treatment

Classic nasal septum surgery has been used since 1882. Naturally, over such a long period of time, enormous clinical experience has been accumulated, a great many modifications of surgical treatment have been developed, and at the moment time-tested techniques are used, which, in combination with modern technological innovations, are almost guaranteed to give a positive effect and cause a minimum number of complications.

Submucosal resection of the nasal septum

Killian's operation: The entire operation is performed inside the nasal cavity, that is, no incisions are made on the side of the facial skin and, as a result, the possibility of postoperative scars forming on open areas of the face is excluded.

submucosal resection of the nasal septum according to Killian

The essence of this operation is that inside the nasal passages, often under endoscopic control (then the operation is called endoscopic septoplasty), incisions are made in the mucous membrane of the nasal septum and perichondrium on both sides alternately. From the level of the roof of the nose to its bottom. In this case, a small sharp scalpel with a rounded, non-pointed tip is used, since the sharp end of the scalpel can easily cut through the entire thickness of the cartilage, as well as the perichondrium and the mucous membrane of the opposite nasal passage. The mucous membrane and perichondrium are dissected down to the cartilage.

Next, an anesthetic is injected under the perichondrium, after which, very carefully, so as not to damage the mucous membrane itself, through the incisions made, the mucous membrane is peeled off along with the perichondrium and periosteum to the required level.

If there is a ridge or spine of the septum, the detachment is performed bypassing it from the side of the roof and the bottom of the nasal passage, so as not to damage the mucous membrane in the area of ​​maximum elevation of the defect. Detachment is carried out beyond the deformed part of the septum. Next, the nasal septum is straightened mechanically: the spines and ridges are cut off, the curvatures are excised, and both cartilage and bone can be corrected.

After leveling, the nasal septum is immobilized using tampons, the previously exfoliated mucous membrane, perichondrium and periosteum are pressed against the cartilage and bones using the same tampons. Often after surgery, wearing a sling bandage is indicated.

Conservative modifications of submucosal resection of the nasal septum proposed by V. I. Voyachek:

Redressing the septum: The incision is made in the same way as in the case of Killian's operation, but only from the side of one nasal passage. Next, the perichondrium and periosteum are separated only on the side of the incision, and on the same side, four dissections are made directly on the cartilage itself so that the curved part of the cartilage is not connected to anything other than the mucous membrane, perichondrium and periosteum of the adjacent nasal passage. Using the same principle as with the cartilaginous part, the bony base of the nasal septum is dissected in the area of ​​its curvature. As a result of the manipulations performed, the nasal septum becomes mobile and, without third-party intervention, takes on a natural position. After that, tampons are inserted into the nasal passages in the same way as during Killian's operation.

Mobilization of the septum: The essence and methodology of this modification is absolutely identical to regression, but affects exclusively the cartilaginous part of the nasal septum, without touching its bone part.

Circular resection: If, during mobilization of the septum, the cartilaginous quadrangle does not acquire sufficient mobility to establish the nasal septum in its natural position, then the incisions made are expanded by excising thin strips of cartilage.

Partial resection is a combination of the above modifications of operations on the nasal septum proposed by V.I. Voyacek.

Resection-reimplantation is a modification of the above surgical interventions, which involves excision of a curved fragment of cartilage, giving the excised area the correct shape and returning it back between the layers of the mucous membrane of the nasal septum.

Laser septoplasty

The method is based on a phenomenon discovered in 1992, the essence of which is that under the influence of a laser beam with certain characteristics, cartilage retains its previously given shape. The course of this operation includes mechanical straightening of the cartilage, bringing the laser to the site of the former curvature and laser exposure to this area through the mucous membrane, after which the cartilage retains its correct shape.

Laser septoplasty has a number of undeniable advantages:

  1. There are no incisions - the laser is applied without damaging the mucous membrane.
  2. The operation is absolutely bloodless.
  3. There is absolutely no risk of infectious complications, as well as the formation of hematomas.
  4. Can be performed on an outpatient basis - there is no need for a hospital stay.
  5. No postoperative swelling.
  6. Very short period of postoperative rehabilitation.

The use of a laser to straighten the nasal septum has a number of limitations and cannot be used in all cases. Firstly, this is due to the fact that the laser acts only on cartilage; therefore, treatment of defects in the bony part of the nasal septum is excluded. And, secondly, the laser can only preserve the shape of the cartilage given in advance, but it is not able to remove a ridge or spike. The laser is also ineffective if the curvature of the cartilage of the nasal septum is associated with compensatory reasons, which are described above.

The choice of any of the described surgical treatment options is dictated primarily by the prevalence and severity of the curvature of the nasal septum, as well as the technical capabilities of the clinic you contacted.

Rehabilitation

When performing classical septoplasty, in most cases a hospital stay of up to seven days is required.

In the first few days, there are gauze swabs in the nose, which prevent nasal breathing. In many clinics, ancient gauze tampons are replaced with silicone tampons or a special gel, which perform the same functions as gauze tampons, but contain special channels inside that allow nasal breathing to be maintained even in the early postoperative period, which significantly improves the quality of life during rehabilitation.

As soon as the time comes—approximately the second or third day, depending on the type of operation performed—the tampons are removed and the nasal passages are examined to monitor their condition. During a hospital stay, crusts are removed with the participation of medical personnel very carefully so as not to damage the injured mucous membrane of the nasal cavity.

During the recovery period, anti-inflammatory and painkillers are often prescribed to alleviate the patient's condition. In order to prevent infectious complications, antibacterial drugs are prescribed; their use can be either systemic (tablets, injections) or local - irrigation of the nasal mucosa.

After discharge from the hospital, before starting work, you must visit an ENT doctor at the clinic to monitor the condition of the nasal cavity. In most cases, if the work does not involve intense physical activity, you can start working the next day.

In order to prevent complications in the postoperative period, it is necessary:

  1. Avoid drinking hot food and drinks;
  2. Refrain from visiting the bathhouse, solarium;
  3. Limit the amount of time you spend in the sun;
  4. Protect yourself from intense physical activity.

Complications

This type of surgical intervention has been worked out in quite detail and the development of complications is a rare occurrence. Postoperative complications may manifest as follows:

  • Formation of a hematoma - a tense cavity filled with blood between the cartilaginous or bone parts of the septum and the nasal mucosa;
  • Bleeding from the nose;
  • Perforation of the nasal septum - the formation of a canal connecting the two nasal passages;
  • Inflammatory complications in the form of ulcers;
  • Sinusitis, sinusitis, and other sinusitis;
  • Synechiae - adhesions inside the nasal passages;
  • Decreased sense of smell;
  • Deformation of the nose in the form of retraction of its back.

Where can I have the operation and how much does it cost?

Most large hospitals in public and private clinics with ENT departments perform this operation.

The free way to a straight nasal septum is through an ENT doctor at the regional clinic to which you belong. The doctor will issue a referral to the hospital, where you will be put on a waiting list and after the necessary examinations and after a certain period of time, you will undergo septoplasty. If you go this route, there are two disadvantages - time and the qualifications of the operating doctor, which may or may not be the highest. Fortunately, there are not so many very young doctors, and novice surgeons always work under the guidance of their more experienced colleagues.

The cost of a classic operation, including hospital stay, ranges from 0,000 rubles. It is worth considering here that the price is often inflated, citing the use of laser and wave scalpels, however, given the small incisions inside the nasal passages, the use of such expensive equipment looks doubtful. Laser septoplasty is much more expensive and prices range from 0,000 rubles.

Result

According to reviews, in the vast majority of cases, after surgical intervention on the nasal septum, the above-described clinical manifestations are the first to go away, and they disappear completely, and you will be able to breathe through your nose! In addition, the frequency, severity and duration of infectious diseases - acute respiratory viral infections, acute respiratory infections, rhinitis, sinusitis and others - are reduced.

Naturally, surgery is a serious step and you need to evaluate and weigh the pros and cons, having first suppressed your fear, but the result of this operation usually exceeds expectations, and after two to three weeks patients note the absence of previously disturbing nasal symptoms and a significant improvement in quality life in general.

Source: http://operaciya.info/uhogorlonos/septoplastika/

How is rehabilitation after nasal septoplasty?

A deviated nasal septum is the cause of many health problems.

Nasal defects are not only a defect in a person’s appearance, but also a pathology leading to:

  • lack of oxygen;
  • infections that enter the body through the nasal passage.

To correct the nasal septum, treatment is performed through surgery (septoplasty).

Elimination of defects in the nasal cavity is a serious operation that requires a rehabilitation period.

In most cases, rehabilitation after septoplasty is easy, but in order to avoid complications, you must follow the instructions of specialists. And if deviations appear, seek help from your doctor.

What does it include

Septoplasty is nothing more than a rhinoplasty aimed at correcting an abnormal position of the septum. An operation with a bone fracture stage takes place. The surgeon performs all actions under general anesthesia, so the rehabilitation process begins after the patient recovers from anesthesia.

The main stage occurs in the first two weeks. Full recovery occurs after three months.

Rehabilitation includes several periods:

During the postoperative period, the patient is in the hospital under the supervision of medical personnel. Recovery continues at home. And in the final period, most patients already lead an almost full-fledged lifestyle.

What to do if complications arise

Despite the fact that septoplasty does not involve dramatic changes in the functionality of the body, there are certain risks of complications. Such cases occur rarely, but such a possibility cannot be excluded.

Complications during the rehabilitation period include:

  • constant bleeding;
  • a feeling of numbness in the upper (front) teeth and tip of the nose;
  • spread of infection;
  • formation of a hole in the nasal septum;
  • lack of positive results regarding health and cosmetic effect.

The occurrence of complications may be influenced by certain factors that are associated with the characteristics of the body or the patient’s lifestyle.

  • poor blood clotting;
  • severe heart pathologies;
  • the presence of many scars after previous operations;
  • groups of drugs;
  • cocaine use and smoking.

Complications can usually be detected only one or two weeks after septoplasty. When detecting violations, it is necessary, first of all, to contact specialists to find out the cause of the deviations.

In the future, doctors, if possible, take measures to eliminate complications. You should not delay visiting your doctor or perform any actions on your own. This can lead to even bigger problems.

Video: The principle of the laser method

Rehabilitation periods after septoplasty

Rehabilitation after septoplasty is quite easy and quick. During the first time after surgery, the patient experiences breathing problems because he has to breathe only through his mouth. But within a few days after the removal of the tampons, the functions performed by the nose begin to be restored.

Rehabilitation periods, as already mentioned, include postoperative and recovery periods. Each of them has its own characteristics.

The entire rehabilitation period lasts three months. The last two and a half months are the final period when the patient only needs to adhere to the recommendations.

As a result of this time, the nose takes on its final shape and heals completely. However, you can start leading your usual lifestyle (with the exception of bad habits) within two weeks.

Postoperative

After the operation is completed, the patient is left in a medical facility for two days. Staying in a hospital is necessary so that in case of deviations in the condition of the operated person, specialists can provide the necessary assistance.

Due to the fact that the patient cannot breathe independently after septoplasty, the following are inserted into the nasal cavity:

  • tubes (air intake);
  • tampons for absorbing secreted fluids;
  • bandage that fixes bone tissue and cartilage.

In the first two days after septoplasty, a person experiences extreme thirst. This is due to the fact that breathing occurs through the oral cavity. You should not drink for several hours after anesthesia; only wetting your lips or rinsing your mouth is acceptable.

Recommendations during the postoperative period include:

  1. To eliminate thirst, you should drink as much water as possible. The consumption of carbonated drinks is not recommended.
  2. There are no special instructions about bed rest. But long walks during the first days are not advisable.
  3. Eating after septoplasty can remain normal. You should only exclude peppery and hot foods.

In some cases, intramuscular (intravenous) antibiotics may be prescribed. For severe pain and poor sleep, painkillers and sleeping pills are prescribed. All medications must be prescribed by a doctor.

There is a group of medications that can cause complications, so self-administration of medications is prohibited.

Recovery

As soon as the postoperative period ends, monitoring the condition of the operated person is carried out on an outpatient basis. Visiting a doctor should be done regularly. In the first week, the dose should be taken twice. Subsequently, the patient visits a specialist once a week.

During the recovery period it is necessary:

  • remove blood clots and crusts formed;
  • treat the nasal cavity to prevent infection.

During the first seven days, the nasal cavity is washed with saline solutions. To do this, use special preparations containing sea salt (Humer, Aqua-Maris or Aqualor).

Saline solution also acts as a disinfectant. Rinsing the nose with solutions with salt and treating with saline should be carried out three times a day.

You cannot remove crusts with your fingers. After the saline solution softens the crusts that have formed, they must be removed using a cotton swab moistened with oil or greased with Vaseline.

At an appointment with the attending physician, additional cleaning of the nasal cavity is performed to remove the threads applied during the operation.

The use of vasoconstrictor drops is contraindicated. Even if breathing through the nose is considered impossible, such remedies will not have a positive effect, but will only cause complications. Respiratory functions will recover on their own in a few days.

Photo: Before and after surgery

How to restore breathing

After septoplasty, a fixing bandage is applied to the nose, which keeps the movable cartilage tissue in the correct position. This is necessary to avoid deformation and displacement of cartilage.

The plaster cast is removed after one or two weeks, depending on the natural ability of the tissue to recover.

It is not recommended to start breathing through your nose earlier. If you start earlier, a person may experience a severe form of psychotic depression, which develops precisely because of difficulty breathing.

Breathing is fully restored only after three weeks, but only if the septoplasty was completed without complications. By this time, the tampons and bandage are removed, and the swelling has completely subsided. The person can breathe calmly, but compliance with the recommendations continues.

Possible complications

There are no special rules on how to start breathing through your nose. But if two weeks after the operation the functions of the nose are not restored, then complications may develop.

Impaired breathing through the nasal cavity occurs in the presence of defects:

  • the wings of the nose are weak;
  • the bony vault is narrowed;
  • cartilages are deformed;
  • The deviated septum has not been completely eliminated.

Such defects can only be eliminated through repeated surgery. The difficulty is that a second septoplasty can be performed only after a month. The patient must be observed by a doctor for a month before re-operation.

Why does callus appear on the bridge of the nose after rhinoplasty? The answer is here.

What to do about loss of smell

One of the types of complications that arise during the rehabilitation period after septoplasty is loss of smell. If there is no sense of smell in the first two weeks, while there is swelling, then this is quite natural. If the sense of smell does not appear even after three weeks, you should immediately go to a specialist. Such a pathology can be a serious disorder.

There are two forms of loss of smell:

In partial form, the sense of smell returns gradually. But the full form can be dangerous because the sense of smell will never be restored.

In order to determine the possibility of restoring sensitivity to odors, it is necessary to carry out diagnostics. The cause may be damage to the mucosa or surgeon error. Pathology can also be an individual reaction of the body to surgical intervention.

In any case, if you have no sense of smell, you should contact your doctor. The sooner the problem begins to be solved, the greater the chance a person has of restoring the natural functions of the nose.

After septoplasty, the nasal cavity is very sensitive and exposure to it will only aggravate the situation, adding other complications to the existing problem.

Psychological help

In rare cases, patients require psychological assistance during the rehabilitation period after surgery.

  • severe painful sensations;
  • presence of complications;
  • or dissatisfaction with the result of septoplasty.

In a medical institution where such operations are carried out, there should be a psychologist who can help a person cope with stress.

The surgery undergone naturally affects a person’s emotional state. All experiences before septoplasty often provide an emotional outlet in the postoperative period.

The correct approach of a psychologist will help a person quickly recover and cope with all fears and worries.

A positive attitude during the rehabilitation period is very important for a full recovery.

And after septoplasty, psychological help is of particular importance, since due to breathing problems, many patients become depressed and violate the doctor’s instructions, which is dangerous for their health.

Recommendations from experts

In order to avoid any complications, it is necessary to follow the recommendations of specialists during the rehabilitation period. Violation of the rules can lead to the development of pathologies and the need for repeated surgery.

After surgery, the following recommendations should be followed.

  1. Apply cold compresses, wet the bandage and wash only with cool water. Such procedures will help avoid the appearance of hematomas and reduce swelling.
  2. You only need to sleep with your head elevated. To do this, use a high pillow. Otherwise, severe swelling or bleeding may occur.
  3. During the first day you should eat only liquid food. You cannot eat hot foods.
  4. It is necessary to constantly monitor the temperature. Normally, body temperature does not rise above 38 degrees. Exceeding this indicator indicates an inflammatory process.
  5. You should also monitor the discharge, since only a small amount of blood mixed with other fluids is considered normal. Nosebleeds are a deviation.

After you are discharged from the hospital, your doctor will give you care instructions. The nasal cavity needs:

  • treat with spirea containing sea salt or water;
  • constantly need to moisturize the mucous membrane;
  • treat with saline solution;
  • lubricate with oils or Vaseline;
  • remove crusts.

For fourteen days, the mucous membrane should not be allowed to dry out. This can lead to infections and severe growths. If any problems arise, you should consult your doctor.

When are sutures removed after blepharoplasty? See the article.

What is non-surgical injection blepharoplasty? Details below.

What is strictly prohibited

During rehabilitation, you should adhere to all prohibitions that include recommendations. First of all, you must refrain from any physical activity, including sports, for two weeks. You can start working or training only with the permission of your doctor.

  • wash with hot water or take baths (there is a risk of extensive swelling);
  • is in the sun for a long time (it is better to use sunscreen);
  • take medications that can thin the blood;
  • blow your nose or sneeze with your mouth closed for a month (increased pressure in the nose);
  • wear glasses for four weeks (risk of deformation of nasal bones and cartilage).

All these prohibitions increase the risk of complications (hematomas, severe swelling, bleeding, etc.). Do not forget about provoking factors (smoking and taking cocaine).

Nasal septoplasty is an operation to restore the correct position of the septum, which, if defective, causes breathing problems. Surgery does not involve any particular risks.

Most often, problems arise during rehabilitation when recommendations are not followed. If all instructions are followed, the recovery period will pass much faster, and the person himself will feel much better.

Source: http://plastgid.ru/septoplastika-reabilitacija/

Deviated nasal septum: what is dangerous, treatment “with” and “without” surgery

If a person constantly has a stuffy nose and difficulty breathing, then this problem should not be ignored. If this condition is not caused by a cold or allergy, there is a high probability that the culprit is a deviated nasal septum. The consequences of this pathology can cause inconvenience for a long time.

Causes of a deviated nasal septum

For adequate treatment of a disease, it is always important to correctly determine the cause of its occurrence. A deviated nasal septum can be caused by various factors.

Modern medicine divides them into:

Physiological reasons include:

  1. Different growth rates of the sections of the cranium.
  2. Different growth rates of body tissues. Considering that the nasal septum consists of various tissues, the uncoordinated growth of these components leads to disruption of the symmetry of the nasal septum.
  3. Strong growth of Jacobson's organ. It is located in the nasal cavity and is considered obsolete, just like appendicitis. Its excessive size can lead to a decrease in space for the organic development of the septum.

Compensatory reasons are justified by the presence of other pathologies:

  • enlargement of the nasal concha;
  • tumors and polyps located in the nasal cavity.

To eliminate these pathologies, the nasal septum bends, thereby compensating for these diseases.

Traumatic causes include all types of injuries that contribute to the displacement of tissue in the nasal cavity. Most injuries occur during childhood and adolescence. Serious deformities occur when bones do not heal properly.

Deviation of the nasal septum is very rarely detected in childhood; most often this problem affects young children.

Types and types of pathology

In modern medical practice, there are 2 classifications: according to the causes of occurrence and according to the type that the plate takes in the nasal cavity. Most of the curvature occurs in the anterior part of the bony component of the plate.

  1. Classic deformation is a slight deformation at the front of the plate. This type of pathology may not bother a person and may not require treatment.
  2. The ridge is a thickening in the nasal cavity that is associated with a curvature.
  3. The spine is a process formed in the bony part of the nasal septum. It happens on one or both sides. Depending on its length and structure, it can injure the mucous membranes.
  4. A combination of the three types above.

The curvature of the plate itself can be:

  • vertical or horizontal;
  • front or back;
  • on one side or both;
  • s-shaped or c-shaped.

The occurrence of complications and the occurrence of discomfort depends on the type and severity of the curvature. Almost all adults have a slight deviation from the norm, but it does not always entail consequences.

Signs and symptoms of a deviated nasal septum

A person is symmetrical only at first glance. In fact, in nature there are no absolutely symmetrical living organisms, because their formation is influenced by many factors. The same situation applies to the nasal septum. 85% of people have slight curvatures. Many live with this and do not even suspect that they have a disorder. A person may not feel discomfort when breathing or may not associate discomfort with this defect. In most cases, pathology of the nasal plate is revealed only during examination.

Even the degree of deformation does not affect the appearance of symptoms. There are cases where people with severe deformation did not feel any discomfort. There are also the opposite situations, when even the slightest defect required serious treatment.

  1. Difficulty breathing is the most common complaint. A person has a stuffy nose for a long time, and drops do not help and only worsen the situation. Sometimes, with a severe degree of deformation, a person is able to breathe only through his mouth.
  2. Frequent inflammation of the mucous membrane of the sinuses, chronic sinusitis.
  3. Otitis.
  4. Inflammation in the lacrimal sac. Problems with the passage of tear fluid through the nasopharynx lead to this disease.
  5. Snore. The main danger of this symptom is that short-term pauses in breathing may occur during sleep.
  6. Problems with the sense of smell.
  7. Regular headaches.
  8. Nosebleeds.
  9. Hearing loss.

If a patient complains of pain in the nasal septum, then most likely the problem is not a curvature. In this case, other causes are likely: neuralgia, sinusitis, etc.

Treatment of deviated nasal septum without surgery

A deviated nasal septum cannot be cured without surgery. Conservative therapy is used only if there are contraindications for surgery and provides only a temporary effect.

Treatment with medications is used symptomatically. Depending on what discomfort the patient experiences, the doctor prescribes complex therapy from the following drug groups:

  • Internal GCS (Beconase, Rinoclenil, Mometasone) are aimed at treating allergic rhinitis and eliminating drug-induced rhinitis.
  • Cromones (Cromohexal, Cromoglin) - used in combination for inflammatory processes and allergies.
  • Antibiotics (Bioparox) – are applied locally and stop the growth of bacteria.
  • Mucolytic sprays (Rinofluimucil, Sinuforte) - thin mucus and remove it from the sinuses.
  • Vasoconstrictor drugs (Nafazolin, Sanorin) - help reduce swelling and make breathing easier. By reducing swelling, the clearance for air passage increases.

Bioporox Rinofluimucil Naphazolin

In the absence of positive dynamics, surgical treatment is proposed.

Basic surgical treatment methods

Septoplasty

Septoplasty is a type of rhinoplasty (nose job), an operation to correct the shape of the nasal plate. Septoplasty is usually prescribed after pregnancy. By this time, the nasal septum is fully formed. For certain indications, surgery may be performed earlier. The disadvantage of surgery at an early age is that the nasal plate may become distorted again.

The operation lasts no more than 2 hours and is performed under local or general anesthesia. During this time, the doctor removes the deformed areas and applies absorbable sutures. At the end of the procedure, turundas are inserted into the nasal passages. They help stop bleeding and prevent infection.

In addition to classical septoplasty, which is aimed at giving the septum an anatomically correct shape, nasal plastic surgery can also be performed. Rhinoplasty for a deviated nasal septum will help not only get rid of annoying breathing problems, but also correct the tip of the nose or correct the hump.

Laser septoplasty

With this type of septoplasty, correction occurs by heating the nasal septum with a laser and giving it the required shape. This operation takes no more than a minute and is performed under local anesthesia.

Benefits include:

  • non-traumatic;
  • painlessness;
  • no bleeding;
  • slight swelling;
  • there is no need to place the patient under long-term observation.

This method of correction is much better than traditional septoplasty, but its use is limited. Only the cartilaginous part of the septum is amenable to laser treatment, and in most cases the bone tissue also needs correction. In addition, this operation is not free and you will have to pay at least rubles for its implementation.

Do I need to straighten a deviated septum?

Not all people immediately agree to surgery. A constantly stuffy nose and difficulty breathing become commonplace, and medications take a permanent place in the home medicine cabinet. Of course, the pathology does not require emergency measures, and any operation carries a certain risk. In this situation, we should not forget about such a concept as quality of life. Not a single drug will help for a long time with deformation of the nasal plate, and only after septoplasty will a person be able to breathe deeply. It is better to survive the operation, and in the future be able to fully sense smells, get rid of headaches and forget about constant problems with the nose.

When is surgery necessary, and when can you do without it?

Surgery is offered to the patient only when medication treatment does not help, and the deviated septum interferes with normal life. Indications for surgical intervention are the following complications:

  • difficulty breathing not associated with allergies or colds;
  • frequent inflammation of the nasal mucosa, in the case where the pathology impedes the outflow of contents;
  • otitis;
  • sinusitis;
  • headache.

If a patient has complexes about the shape of the nose and wants to undergo plastic surgery, then it makes sense to immediately correct the pathology of the septum.

There are cases when pronounced curvature is observed, but there are no complaints. The patient can breathe well through the other half of the nose and not feel any discomfort. At first glance, there are no direct indications for surgery, but with age, the body’s compensatory capabilities decrease and problems arise. In old age, surgery is more difficult, and the presence of contraindications can make surgery unacceptable. If there is a serious deformation of the septum, then it is better to undergo septoplasty without waiting for complications.

The effect of injury on the body: consequences, complications

According to statistics, adolescents and men most often face the problem of a deformed nasal plate. This is the category of people among whom facial and skull injuries are most common. In some cases, a strong blow does not pass without a trace and entails displacement of the nasal bones and cartilage. Even if the shift was insignificant, a curvature of the nasal septum may occur, which leads to difficulty breathing and other complications.

Features of pathology in children

A deviated nasal septum in young children is diagnosed much less frequently than in adults. Despite this, this feature of the body can cause difficulty breathing in a child, oxygen starvation, nasal sound and cause developmental delays.

The causes of pathology in childhood include:

  • trauma during childbirth;
  • blow to the nose;
  • discrepancy between the growth of bone and cartilage tissue in adolescence.

Outwardly, the changes may not be noticeable, but upon examination, an experienced doctor may notice that one nasal sinus is narrowed and the air in it does not circulate well. A child may often suffer from a runny nose and otitis media.

Due to the fact that the child’s nasal septum is still developing, surgery is not prescribed until the age of 16, but conservative therapy is used. The goal of medication treatment is to relieve swelling and restore breathing.

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Source: http://doctos.ru/np/iskrivlenie-peregorodki-nosa.html