Non-vasoconstrictor nasal drops

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Types of nasal drops

Salt

They moisturize the nose, clear secretions, relieve swelling, speed up the healing process, and restore normal functioning of the mucous membrane. Moisturizing sprays are used against runny nose of any etiology at all stages, as well as for sinusitis and for the prevention of viral infections.

Table of contents:

They are absolutely safe even for newborns.

There is no need to waste money on salt drops; expensive drops are made from natural ocean water; they provide the mucous membrane with all the necessary minerals. It has been scientifically proven that their daily use significantly reduces the frequency of colds and runny nose, and reduces the degree of adenoiditis in children.

For congestion in children and adults, we recommend using hypertonic (2.6%) saline sprays; unlike vasoconstrictor drugs, they do not dry out the mucous membrane.

Vasoconstrictors

These drops are the most effective - they instantly constrict blood vessels, which means they relieve swelling, eliminate nasal congestion and restore normal nasal breathing. These sprays are used against congestion in the midst of an infectious runny nose. It is not recommended to use them against allergic rhinitis.

Depending on the main active ingredient, there are several types of vasoconstrictor drops:

  • Containing Xylometazoline (Galazolin, Dlynos, Otrivin);
  • Containing Naphazolin (Naphthyzin, Sanorin);
  • Containing Oxymetazoline (Nazivin, Nazokar, Nazol, Rinazolin);
  • Containing Phenylephrine (Nazol baby and kids, antiallergic spray Vibrocil, combination drug Polydexa, Adrianol);
  • Containing Indanazoline (Faryal).

Vasoconstrictor drops for the common cold, containing Naphazolin and Indanazoline, can be prescribed against the common cold in pregnant women, during lactation and in the first trimester of pregnancy, but with extreme caution and under medical supervision.

It must be remembered that vasoconstrictors do not treat the disease, but only relieve its main symptoms - reduce the amount of discharge, eliminate congestion. Frequent repeated use of these anti-runny nose sprays is addictive, so the duration of treatment with them in adults should not exceed 5-7 days, in children - 3 days.

Which ones to choose

All drops are relatively inexpensive. We recommend not to overpay and purchase domestically produced drugs - they are not inferior in quality and will not ruin you.

More gentle sprays for the nasal mucosa are Xylometazoline and Oxymetazoline, the duration of action is 8–12 hours. If you need to relieve swelling for a short time, for diagnostic manipulation in the nose or to stop nosebleeds, then it is better to choose Naphthyzin spray - its duration of action is no more than 5–6 hours.

For allergy sufferers, young children and people with hypersensitivity of the nasal mucosa, it is recommended to use relatively mild preparations containing phenylephrine.

Antiallergic (antihistamine)

They have a quick and good antiallergic effect. They relieve local manifestations of allergies: reduce the amount of liquid transparent discharge, reduce redness and itching of the nose, neutralize sneezing attacks, swelling and congestion. They should be used against allergic rhinitis or hay fever.

The use of antihistamines for colds or infectious sinusitis does not bring a positive effect; on the contrary, they excessively dry out the mucous membrane, causing the opposite effect.

  • Allergodil;
  • Azelastine;
  • Levocabastine;
  • Sanorin-analergin, contains a vasoconstrictor - Naphazolin;
  • Vibrocil, containing a vasoconstrictor – Phenylephrine;

and:

  • Rinatek (Ipratropium), anticholinergic drops, are used to treat runny nose and congestion in bronchial asthma. It begins to act only after 5 minutes;
  • Cromolyn (Antirinol, Ifiral), mast cell stabilizers, block the initiation of an allergic reaction. For prevention, they are prescribed before encountering an allergen; for treatment, they are dripped simultaneously with antihistamines.

Antibacterial

Prescribed as part of complex treatment of a runny nose, which is caused by bacterial pathogens, as well as for sinusitis, rhinopharyngitis, sore throat, ear inflammation, laryngitis, for the prevention of purulent complications after nasal surgery.

Drops should be used no earlier than the 5th day of illness, provided that the nasal discharge is thick, yellow, purulent, and the infectious nature of the disease is confirmed by bacterial culture. They begin to act faster than tablets, do not affect internal organs, and do not disrupt the functioning of the digestive system.

  • Fugentin, drops based on two antibacterial drugs;
  • Isofra, effective against a large number of bacteria;
  • Bioparox is effective against four pathogens, therefore inferior to other antibacterial sprays;
  • Polydexa contains a hormone, a vasoconstrictor and two antibiotics, making it effective against a number of bacteria, relieves inflammation, and restores normal nasal breathing.

Antibacterial drugs during pregnancy can only be used as prescribed by your doctor. They are not cheap.

To wash the paranasal sinuses for sinusitis, antiseptic solutions are used - 1% aqueous solution of Dioxidin, 0.01% solution of Miramistin (Septomirin) and aqueous solution of Furacilin (1:5000).

Knitting

Drops for colds based on silver ions dry out the mucous membrane well, have an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect, suppress the growth of viruses and bacteria, relieve swelling of the mucous membrane, and are excellent for removing thick, difficult-to-remove snot.

Suitable for the treatment of prolonged and chronic runny nose, adenoids in children. The disadvantages of these drugs include the release of drugs by prescription, use in the first weeks after preparation and prohibition for frequent and long-term use. The big advantage is that the drops are inexpensive.

Antiviral and immunomodulatory

These are nasal drops, which are of plant, animal and synthetic origin, and are good for treating a runny nose. They specifically affect the immune system, influencing immune cells and other body defense factors.

  • IRS-19, contains particles of 19 bacteria that cause upper respiratory tract infections;
  • Derinat can be used to prevent viral and bacterial infections of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Derinat increases local immunity, activates the restoration and healing processes of the mucous membrane during a runny nose, and promotes the drainage of pus during sinusitis.
  • Thymogen, increases immunity, improves metabolic and anti-inflammatory processes, prevents the development of allergic rhinitis. Suitable for the treatment and prevention of influenza, acute respiratory viral infections, chlamydial sinus infections.
  • Human leukocyte interferon is prescribed for the prevention and treatment of seasonal colds and flu.
  • Ingaron, prevention and treatment of seasonal, swine and bird flu;
  • Grippferon.

Hormonal drops

They have an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effect on the mucous membrane of the nose and paranasal sinuses. The effectiveness of the drops can be judged only after a few days. For better absorption and distribution of the medicine, before using it, inhalations with vasoconstrictor drops must be done for 3 days. Nasal hormonal sprays are cheap and go well with antibacterial and vasoconstrictor drops.

The doctor prescribes hormonal nasal drops for allergic rhinitis, seasonal runny nose, and also for the prevention of polyps after their removal. They are unsafe for nursing and pregnant women, and for children under 6 years of age.

  • Beclomethasone (Nasobek);
  • Budesonide (Rinocort, Tafen nasal);
  • Nazacort;
  • Sintaris;
  • Flixonase;
  • Jackson's nose drops;
  • Nasonex.

Homeopathic

They are made from herbs and useful minerals and are good because they have no contraindications and do not have side effects. The effect from them is less pronounced than when using pharmacological drugs, but it is mild and persistent. If they are suitable and help well, then you can completely abandon the medications.

They are moisturizing, do not cause dryness and irritation, and are effective for all types of runny nose. They are used to treat runny nose in pregnant, lactating, young children and people who have contraindications for treatment with medications. For the best therapeutic effect, homeopathic drops should be started at the first sign of a cold, combined with homeopathic tablets. The main disadvantage of these drugs is their high cost.

The most famous homeopathic drops for the common cold:

It is difficult to say which drops from the above list are better. They need to be selected individually with the help of a homeopathic doctor.

Pinosol

Pinosol contains natural oils of eucalyptus, pine and mint, active components of eucalyptus and thyme oils, vitamin E. Thanks to this, Pinosol nasal drops have an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, softening, moisturizing, antibacterial and healing effect. Excellent against infectious and allergic rhinitis even for small children and pregnant women.

With adequate treatment, a runny nose usually goes away in 5–7 days. If you take care of your nose, rinse it with saline solution several times a day, do inhalations, warm it up and drink a lot of fluids, then the treatment will be cheap, and recovery will not be long in coming.

But if you do not have time for treatment, and you do not pay due attention to your health, then during your illness you will have to fork out and buy expensive products that will quickly relieve the symptoms of a runny nose.

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Drops for runny nose without vasoconstrictor effect

Vasoconstrictor drops are the easiest way to treat rhinitis or other inflammatory process in the upper respiratory tract. They can be used at almost any age. With proper use, patients do not have to worry about side effects or the body becoming accustomed to the active ingredients. The principle of operation of drops or sprays is quite simple. It is enough to introduce the medication into the nasal cavity, after which the medication enters the mucous cavity, starting its work.

Immediately after using the drug, the patient feels relief in nasal breathing and a general improvement in well-being. Patients note a decrease in swelling, normalization of the functions of the respiratory apparatus, as well as other positive effects. But to achieve such a result, you need to use only proven products, and it is best to use nasal drops without xylometazoline.

Nasal drops come in various types, so choosing a medication today is not difficult. It is important to choose the medicine that has the least pronounced side effect and is ideal for your case.

The main effect of nasal drops is a vasoconstrictor effect and improvement of nasal breathing.

In addition, medications of this kind are responsible for improving the removal of mucus from the nasal cavity and reducing swelling.

Another effect of such drops is a decrease in the amount of mucous secretion produced.

You can use such medications almost from birth, but it is important to understand that the human body quickly absorbs the active components and after three days the medication ceases to be effective.

Therefore, treatment with nasal drops should be strictly dosed and carried out only with a doctor’s prescription.

If you use nasal medications correctly, there will be no side effects. But if the treatment rules are violated, the patient may develop dependence of the vessels in the nasal cavity on the sprays.

As a result, the patient may develop medical rhinitis, as well as headache, nausea and vomiting, poor health, dizziness and other symptoms. In this case, it is recommended to consult a doctor for further treatment.

Often patients with colds are concerned about the question, which nasal medications are best to use? Doctors have been arguing for many years about the need for various drugs, but experts agree on one issue.

It is best to treat a runny nose with drops that do not contain xylometazoline. It is quite difficult to choose a medication without this active ingredient, so we offer a list for you to study.

One of the most effective drops for rhinitis is Adrianol. The active component of this drug belongs to the sympathomimetic group, which affects the source of inflammation. Immediately after use, the patient notes the effect on the respiratory tract. It should be noted that there is no negative factor on beta-adrenergic receptors, which is especially important when treating young children.

Adrianol has a vasoconstrictor effect and also relieves swelling in the nasal mucosa. When applied to the nasal mucosa, only small arterioles narrow, which causes an immediate reduction in swelling. In addition, this effect of the drug allows you to reduce the amount of liquid or mucous secretion, restoring nasal breathing.

The effect of the drug begins two minutes after application and lasts for eight hours.

Adrianol can be used in case of mucous membrane and swelling in patients suffering from inflammation of the nose in case of rhinitis or pharyngitis. In addition, the medication is prescribed for sinusitis, sinusitis or hay fever.

Do not use this medication if you are particularly sensitive to the components of the drug, or if you have rhinitis without mucous discharge, which is also called dry runny nose.

Other contraindications to the drug include the presence of closed glaucoma.

Do not use the product if you have arrhythmia, heart problems, metabolic disorders, diabetes, or if you are using MAO inhibitors or other medications that may cause an increase in blood pressure.

Adrianol should be used as follows:

  1. When treating adults, it is necessary to administer four drops five times a day.
  2. For children, three drops should be administered three times a day.

In some cases, your doctor may change the dosage.

Another drug that does not contain xylometazoline is Salin. Its action is aimed at reducing swelling and restoring respiratory function. Salin has a pronounced anti-congestive effect and is considered a harmless drug for the treatment of children. In addition to the vasoconstrictor effect, the medication has an anti-inflammatory effect.

Salin should be used in case of prolonged rhinitis. Its main effect is to improve nasal breathing with abundant secretion of mucous secretion.

By thinning thick mucus, the active substance of the drug removes secretions from the body. In addition, Salin moisturizes the mucous cavity and softens the formed crusts.

In addition to the described effect, Salin has an antiseptic effect.

The bactericidal effect allows the product to be used for rhinitis, inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and other inflammations in the upper respiratory tract.

In addition, doctors often prescribe this medication in cases of atrophic, infectious and allergic rhinitis. Salin is useful to use as a drug to maintain hygiene of the nasal mucosa and in the case of complex therapy for inflammation of the sinus region.

Salin is necessary for patients whose professional activities involve constant contact with dust, building materials, as well as in an office where the air conditioner is often running.

It is important to note that this drug has virtually no contraindications or identified side effects.

The product must be used as follows:

  1. To treat children, one spray into each nostril three times a day is sufficient.
  2. For therapy in adults, up to two injections at a time three times a day are prescribed.

Do not use the product in case of severe acidosis, as well as hypernatremia and extracellular hyperhydration.

For the treatment of rhinitis, a drug from the clinical-pharmacological group of anti-inflammatory action - Pinsol - is suitable. A local drug for the treatment of rhinitis is prescribed in case of acute illness.

In addition to the anti-inflammatory effect, the medication has an antimicrobial effect. The plant origin of the drug allows the product to be used from the age of two.

The medication relieves swelling and, thanks to its antiseptic effect, destroys the cause of inflammation, improving the patient’s overall well-being. Therefore, this remedy is effective in the following cases:

  • coryza;
  • chronic rhinitis;
  • atrophic runny nose;
  • acute inflammation in the nasal mucosa and nasopharyngeal cavity;
  • dry mucous membrane;
  • copious secretion of mucous secretion;
  • in case of rehabilitation after surgery.

For treatment with Pinsol, you must adhere to the following dosages:

  1. When treating children, it is enough to administer two drops of the drug.
  2. For adults, four drops are usually prescribed.

The product must be used once a day. The dosage should not be violated, as side effects may occur. If dizziness, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms of overdose occur, call an ambulance.

Vasoconstrictor medication for topical use without xylometazoline - Vibrocil.

This drug has an alpha-adrenomimetic effect, which causes vasoconstriction.

This effect reduces swelling, improves nasal breathing and restores the functions of the upper respiratory tract.

This medication will be useful for those who do not tolerate contact of medications with the mucous membrane.

Its effect reduces sensitivity and removes mucus from the nasal cavity. The medication reduces the effect of irritation of the cavity during rhinitis, as well as in the case of long-term treatment with antibiotics. In addition, Vibrocil is prescribed in case of long-term treatment with drops containing xylometazoline.

The effect of the drug begins two minutes after administration of the drug into the nasal cavity. In therapeutic concentrations, Vibrocil does not provoke the mucous membrane and improves nasal breathing. Therefore, doctors prescribe this drug in the following cases:

  • sinusitis;
  • hay fever;
  • acute rhinitis;
  • respiratory inflammation;
  • allergic rhinitis;
  • chronic rhinitis;
  • eustachitis;
  • with inflammation of the middle part of the ear with increased swelling of the mucous part in the nasopharynx cavity;
  • when preparing the patient for surgery.

The product must be used as follows:

  1. For the treatment of children under five, one spray is prescribed in each nostril up to three times a day.
  2. When a child between five and eleven years of age has inflammation, it is necessary to administer two sprays into each nasal passage.
  3. For the treatment of adults, three injections three times a day are sufficient.

Do not use the product more often than prescribed. Remember to administer the drug immediately before bedtime.

Treatment of rhinitis takes place over the course of one week, but if you follow all the rules, you can get rid of mucous discharge after three days. Therefore, do not violate the dosage and monitor the patient’s general well-being.

In the autumn-winter period, a runny nose becomes a common problem. It may be present alone or together with other colds. To restore the free flow of air into the lungs, many resort to various means of the pharmacological market.

They most often choose a medicine without consulting a doctor, relying on their own knowledge or experience. But you need to be aware that the medical product has a complex chemical composition, the action of which needs to be understood, therefore, to select a safe remedy for the common cold, you should contact a specialist, and not a pharmacy worker.

Harm from vasoconstrictor medication for nasal congestion

Most often, when nasal congestion occurs, they resort to drugs with a vasoconstrictor effect. Today they are produced in two forms: drops used for small children and sprays designed for children over 6 years old and adults. They act quickly, so the patient feels relief fairly quickly. Removal of edema occurs due to a sharp contraction of the vessels of the upper respiratory tract. Breathing becomes easier due to a decrease in the volume of blood flow, which reduces the rate of mucus formation, making it thick and tightly located to the walls of the mucous membrane.

Most people use nasal drops for nasal congestion based on vasoconstrictor components. But many of us do not know that this group of drugs is designed for a short-term period of use, because otherwise addiction and incorrect reactions of side effects occur. In the instructions for these drugs you can read that vasoconstrictors should not be used for more than 3 days.

The thing is that the blood vessels, under the influence of chemicals, begin to narrow urgently. If the patient starts dripping drugs into the nose every day for a week, addiction to the medicine will occur. Since the drops have a short period of action, the stimulant substance constricts the blood vessels for a while, as soon as the medicine evaporates, the swelling returns. In all cases of addiction, in order to maintain the effect of the drug as long as possible, a new and larger dose is needed.

But the problem lies not only in getting used to the vasoconstrictor drug, but in the fact that if drops or sprays are used frequently, the vessels will atrophy and will not “notice” the stimulation of constriction at all. In some situations, the opposite effect is observed, when the swelling becomes even more pronounced. Even if the drug is used infrequently, in the chronic course of a runny nose, against the background of visible improvements in the condition and the disappearance of swelling of the mucous membrane, a gradual disruption of metabolic processes begins, which leads to thinning of the walls of blood vessels. As a result, frequent nasal bleeding occurs due to increased pressure or minor injuries.

It is necessary to mention side effects if the patient overdoses. This list is filled with the following symptoms:

  • Heartbeat.
  • Headache.
  • Nausea.
  • Hypertension.
  • Sleep disorder.
  • Depressive state.

Contraindications to the use of vasoconstrictor drops and sprays are glaucoma and atrophic rhinitis. Before using vasoconstrictors that are addictive, you should consult a doctor if you have high blood pressure or problems related to the activity of the heart and thyroid gland. You cannot do without consulting a pediatrician, and in situations where it is necessary to treat children for a runny nose, it is worth finding out about a remedy with a vasoconstrictor effect and visiting a therapist for a pregnant woman or nursing mother in this case.

Rules for the use of drops and sprays with vasoconstrictor substances:

  1. The drugs cannot be used constantly, but only once in cases where nasal breathing is completely blocked, in order to quickly restore it.
  2. Do not use such drops and sprays at the first sign of congestion. It’s better to try to restore the capacity of the airways with physical exercises and breathing exercises.
  3. Children should not use medications with an effect of up to 4 hours, since during the period of activity the child may not use nasal breathing, and temporary swelling will disappear due to the body’s defenses. Medicines with an effect of 8 to 12 hours are used for sleep.

In any case, try to use drugs with a vasoconstrictor effect as rarely as possible. As a rule, the most severe runny nose occurs at the beginning of the disease, then an improvement in the condition is observed. Therefore, do not use them immediately after the condition of the nasopharynx improves. It is better to fight a runny nose by rinsing the nose with saline solution or using inhalations.

The vasoconstrictor substances of known drops and sprays include:

Drops for nasal congestion with a moisturizing effect

Moisturizing drops will help relieve nasal congestion, but they are not intended to treat the symptoms and causes that caused it. They are, rather, an auxiliary means to speed up the process of mucus removal. Many doctors prescribe them as part of a set of measures for nasal congestion and consider them mandatory for use. Moisturizing the mucous membrane is required to maintain its integrity, since during a runny nose various drugs are used, which often dry it out and injure it, especially this often happens with atrophic chronic rhinitis.

Moisturizers are made from sea or mineral water. They contain many useful natural substances:

These components stimulate the movement of mucus by the epithelium and normalize the functioning of glandular cells of the mucous membrane. Typically, moisturizers do not contain active chemicals, so the preparations have no side effects and are approved for use up to several times a day.

As a rule, the airways during a runny nose are blocked by mucus, so there is no reason to use vasoconstrictor drops.

If a lot of mucus has accumulated and there is no swelling, then it is better to use saline solutions that contain drugs:

Medicines for edema and allergies

Remedies for eliminating the symptoms of allergic rhinitis have a complex effect. Thanks to the vasoconstrictor and antihistamine action, the condition of the nasopharynx improves. They quickly relieve swelling and make breathing easier, and also prevent allergic manifestations. Drops and sprays of similar action are used to treat runny noses of an allergic nature and colds. Popular combination drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis include:

  • Vibrocil. This remedy is well tolerated even by very young children, which is why pediatricians often prescribe it.
  • Sanorin-Analergin belongs to the combination drugs used for rhinitis of allergic origin. Side effects of the drops are drowsiness and lethargy, so it is used at night.
  • Rinofluimucil has a mild effect and contains vasoconstrictor, antihistamine and mucus-thinning components.
  • Koldakt for allergic rhinitis has a side effect - drowsiness.
  • Orinol tablets are often prescribed for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Nasal decongestants with antimicrobial action

Drops and ointments, which contain not one active ingredient, but two or more, have an antimicrobial effect. They are made on the basis of natural ingredients and are able to cope with fungal and bacterial rhinitis by stimulating the restoration of the mucous membrane and the subsidence of edema. Popular products in this group include:

  • Dr. Theiss Nazoline contains xylometazoline as a vasoconstrictor component. In addition, it contains eucalyptus essential oil, which has antibacterial properties.
  • Pinosol is a drug that contains a complex of various medicinal herbs with a natural effect against microbes. The product is produced in the form of drops, creams, ointments, and bath capsules.
  • Bactroban is a nasal ointment made on the basis of antibiotics. It is used for staphylococcal infections, which are characterized by purulent secretions.
  • Polydex with Phenylephrine contains antibiotics and is available in the form of a spray. The composition contains anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictor substances, which are good for coping with the cause of a runny nose - a bacterial infection, as well as alleviating its negative symptoms. For viral rhinitis, the drug should not be used; children under 3 years of age, pregnant women, and people with renal failure should be protected from it.

In addition to antihistamines, allergic rhinitis is also treated with hormonal drugs. A common form of release is a spray, since the effect occurs locally, which does not disrupt the hormonal balance of the entire body system.

The most popular means are:

Hormonal sprays do not provide a quick effect, as after the use of vasoconstrictors; for example, Nasonex is considered the fastest-acting; the result after its use occurs within 12 hours. This drug is indicated for the treatment of allergic rhinitis in children over three years of age. Nasobek and Beconase are approved for use only after 6 years.

Hormonal drugs are prescribed exclusively by doctors. They are prohibited for bacterial and fungal rhinitis, since they can reduce the local immunity of the mucous membrane, as well as cause the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, which lead to complications.

This group of drugs is designed to refresh the mucous membrane with the help of essential oils. This effect is due to the incoming basic substances, most often peppermint oil, eucalyptus and pine oils. Complex drugs do not eliminate swelling, do not constrict blood vessels, and do not change the properties of the secretion. A popular remedy is Sinupret. This combination drug stimulates the outflow of mucus from the sinuses due to its anti-inflammatory, mucolytic and secretolytic properties. It moisturizes, soothes irritation, improves the condition of the body, making it resistant to biological and physical influences. It can be given to a child from two years of age, in the form of release: drops and tablets.

Acute rhinitis caused by viral infections is often treated with drops and sprays based on natural homeopathic substances. They act widely: relieve swelling, fight viruses, activate the immune system. As a rule, the treatment regimen is selected based on age. The drug is taken every day every 15 minutes for 1-2 hours until cure.

A homeopathic medicine is prescribed by a homeopathic physician individually. The following medications can quickly treat various types of runny nose:

Euphorbium compositum nasal spray.

Edas-131 drops for nasal congestion.

This type of drops is used for the prevention and treatment of viral diseases of the nose. Pharmaceutical drugs are made from donor cells or created through genetic engineering. The products are able to combat the proliferation of viruses. They are taken at a high risk of infection, during the first signs of acute respiratory viral infection and until complete recovery:

  • Gripferon is a solution for instillation into the nasal passages.
  • Tamiflu and Arbidol capsules.
  • Rectal suppositories Viferon and Kipferon.
  • Remantadine tablets.

Today there are a lot of remedies for the treatment of the runny nose and making a choice is not difficult. But you need to remember that they should be prescribed by a doctor after diagnosis, since taking the wrong drug will not only not improve the condition, but can also lead to complications, one of which is drug-induced rhinitis.

Dear friends, hello!

When you do the same thing for many years, you do some things automatically. You know the active ingredients, dosages, release forms, but some subtleties of the action of the drugs are erased from memory. And sometimes there is simply not enough time to get into the annotation and refresh the nuances.

The period of sneezes and snot is just beginning, so I would like to continue the conversation about colds and invite you to the farm. a circle dedicated to drugs for the common cold. How to choose the right drug for each “wrong” nose?

By the way, how do you recommend them? By what criteria? What questions do you ask before doing this?

I have already said that a runny nose and a runny nose are different. Therefore, when I hear that with a runny nose, without any questions, the buyer is offered vasoconstrictors, my heart bleeds.

So, let's remember what remedies for the common cold are available in pharmacies. They can be divided into groups:

  • Vasoconstrictors.
  • Mucolytics.
  • Moisturizing.
  • Vegetable.
  • Homeopathic.
  • Antibacterial.
  • Antiallergic.
Short-acting drugs. They last on average 3-6 hours.

Medications with an average duration of action. After them, the nose breathes for an average of 6-8 hours.

Long-acting drugs. Their action lasts for hours.

All these vasoconstrictor drops act on the alpha receptors of the vessels of the nasal mucosa and cause their narrowing.

But receptors are also different. There are alpha1 and alpha2 receptors.

Of all the above, only phenylephrine acts on one type of receptor: alpha1. All others - for both types.

On the one hand, the effect on both types of receptors gives a more pronounced effect. This seems to be good.

On the other hand, have you ever wondered why phenylephrine is included in many children's drops?

Because the effect on only one type of receptor is safer for the nasal mucosa. Fewer blood vessels narrow, which means less oxygen starvation of the cells of the nasal mucosa.

Phenylephrine is less effective than other active ingredients, but safer.

Why do you need to narrow the blood vessels in the nose?

Because during colds, the vessels of the nasal cavity are dilated, and the liquid part of the blood leaves the vessels and causes swelling of the nasal mucosa.

The swelling shrinks the nasal passages and the person cannot breathe.

How to help your nose?

Narrow the blood vessels, reduce swelling, “clear” the passages for air flow.

...when the nose can't breathe!

Therefore, ask the buyer how a runny nose manifests itself. If your nose is “running,” completely different medications can and should be recommended.

...that under the influence of the above listed agents, blood vessels narrow not only in the nose. It is no coincidence that they are contraindicated for hypertension, atherosclerosis, arrhythmias, thyrotoxicosis, and glaucoma. And there are many side effects: tachycardia, increased blood pressure, headaches, dizziness, etc., etc.

Therefore, be especially careful when recommending these products to older people.

Be wary when you are asked for antihypertensive drugs and at the same time vasoconstrictor nasal drops.

Explain to your clients what this entails.

Some manufacturers are foaming at the mouth to prove that these products do not have a systemic effect. In this case, please explain to me why their annotations include this killer list of contraindications and side points for 10?

...the buyer that you can drip a vasoconstrictor drug for a runny nose for no more than 5 days.

You get used to it very quickly.

I remember my dad, who at one time became firmly hooked on ephedrine for the rest of his life. Those who are older probably remember that there used to be such drops in the nose.

...that the use of vasoconstrictors for more than 5 days leads to the fact that it is no longer possible to “get off” these drugs.

I know it from myself. Once I bought the most modern vasoconstrictor spray and sprayed it for a week. That's all! The nose categorically refused to breathe without this poison!

Why is my nose constantly stuffy after taking these medications for a runny nose?

Because constant narrowing of blood vessels leads to oxygen starvation of nasal cells. Without nutrition they atrophy. But a holy place is never empty. Mucous tissue is replaced by connective tissue. This is why atrophic and hypertrophic rhinitis occurs after vasoconstrictors, in which the nose stops working normally.

To reduce the harmful effects of vasoconstrictor drugs, manufacturers combine the active ingredients with other substances, for example, eucalyptus oil (Sanorin with eucalyptus oil), a moisturizing component (Snoop), etc. This, of course, helps, but not much.

Which drug is better?

Now let's turn on the head. Which vasoconstrictor is better: short-acting, medium-acting, or the longest-acting?

Buyers, of course, will prefer the longest one: spray in the nose and forget about it for 12 hours. But they don’t realize that the mucosal cells are deprived of adequate nutrition and oxygen for as long as 12 hours!

Therefore, personally, I would choose the golden mean, that is, xylometazoline-based products.

Is it possible to recommend vasoconstrictor drops for a runny nose for pregnant women?

No! Because they cause vasospasm of the placenta, and therefore oxygen starvation of the fetus.

But when a woman cannot live without them, we choose the lesser evil, that is, children's dosages.

These include Rinofluimucil. Contains mucolytic acetylcysteine ​​and a vasoconstrictor component.

Its task is to liquefy mucus and facilitate its removal.

For thick nasal discharge (rhinitis, sinusitis).

Has the same side effects as vasoconstrictors. So be careful when making recommendations!

As a rule, these products are made on the basis of sea water (Physiomer, Aqua Maris, Aqualor, etc.). They moisturize the mucous membrane, thin the mucus, and it is easier to remove. Sea water mechanically cleanses the nasal cavity from viruses, bacteria, allergens, and reduces swelling due to its salt content.

For any runny nose.

By the way, before dripping a vasoconstrictor, you need to clear the nasal cavity of mucus and crusts so that it “reaches” its destination.

Therefore, do not forget to recommend a moisturizer along with the vasoconstrictor drug.

These drugs have undeservedly received the reputation of “not working,” although in fact they are the most therapeutic.

Good old Pinosol. It gets its name from the Latin "Pinus", which means "pine", because it contains pine oil.

And several more vegetable oils of medicinal herbs, which relieve inflammation of the nasal mucosa, restore it, have a mild vasoconstrictor effect, and at the same time also act on viruses and bacteria.

And for those who do not like drops, you can offer Pinosol ointment or cream.

For a “cold” runny nose, when there are other signs of ARVI.

For a runny nose that is accompanied by sinusitis, another herbal preparation for oral administration, Sinupret, is recommended. It relieves inflammation and improves the flow of secretions from the paranasal sinuses. It is recommended when nasal discharge is thick and often yellowish-greenish in color (a sign of a bacterial infection).

The most common in this group are Euphorbium compositum and Edas-131.

As usual, it is not clear why they act, but they do.

These are also medicinal drops. As you understand, an ambulance cannot be used. Homeopathy is good, but most often it is slow.

Source: http://net-prostuda.ru/2017/12/29/kapli-ot-nasmorka-bez-sosudosuzhivayuschego-effekta/

When should you put vasoconstrictor drops into your nose?

Some diseases of the nose are accompanied by severe swelling of its mucous membrane, which leads to difficulty breathing and the appearance of moist discharge from it. To reduce unpleasant symptoms in such situations, medications are used that cause narrowing of the capillaries in the affected area.

At the same time, blood flow in the treated area decreases, which leads to a decrease in fluid perspiration through the vascular walls and relief of edema. For this purpose, vasoconstrictor drops are dripped into the nose for sinusitis, ethmoiditis, frontal sinusitis, rhinitis and other diseases.

Indications

Indications for prescribing drugs from this category are all diseases accompanied by swelling of the nasal mucosa:

  • infectious rhinitis (in other words, runny nose);
  • allergic rhinitis;
  • chronic runny nose;
  • sinusitis (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, ethmoiditis);
  • some types of otitis;
  • before rhinoscopy;
  • sometimes to stop nosebleeds.

It must be borne in mind that due to the mechanism of action, vasoconstrictor drugs for these diseases do not in any way affect their cause, but only eliminate the symptoms. Namely, they make breathing easier and temporarily reduce the secretion of mucous secretions.

Classification

Depending on the main active ingredient, all vasoconstrictor nasal drops can be based on:

They also differ in duration:

  • short-term action (eliminates swelling for 4-6 hours);
  • medium duration (6-10 hours);
  • prolonged action (more than 10 hours).

For short-term effects, naphazoline and phenylephedrine are used. Xylometazoline has a medium-duration effect, and oxymetazoline has a long-lasting effect.

  • Vibrocil
  • Nazol Baby and Kids
  • Polydexa
  • Lorraine
  • Rinza
  • Nazol
  • Rinazolin
  • Nazivin
  • Leconil
  • Afrin
  • Fazin
  • Xymelin
  • Xylene
  • Otrivin
  • Tizin
  • For the nose
  • Snoop
  • Naphthyzin
  • Sanorin
  • Betadrine
  • Naphazoline
  • Alergophthal
  • Polinadim

The most popular vasoconstrictors for runny nose and sinusitis are presented in the photo below:

Drops based on naphazoline

Drops that constrict blood vessels for the nose based on naphazoline are short-term remedies. The most popular drugs from this series:

They are approved for use in children over one year of age, but are not recommended for pregnant women. These drops are also not used during lactation. There are safer remedies for such conditions.

The main advantage of drugs from this group is their low price. But due to undesirable effects (dryness and irritation of the nasal mucosa), they are not prescribed often.

Phenylephedrine drops

Drops for vasoconstriction with phenylephedrine as an active ingredient are safe and are actively used in children of all ages. These are ideal vasoconstrictor drops for babies. Pregnant and lactating women are also recommended to use them when they have a runny nose.

Of this group, the most popular and effective are Vibrocil vasoconstrictor drops. This is a universal drug for children and adults. It can be used right from birth, but the dosage varies depending on age.

Other means of similar action:

From this series, two drugs need to be distinguished separately:

  • “Polydexa” is a combination product containing, in addition to phenylephedrine, neomycin, polymycin (have antibacterial activity) and dexamethasone (a hormonal drug). Due to the antimicrobial and hormonal components, this drug not only eliminates nasal congestion, but also fights infection, and also reduces inflammation. It is used in cases of prolonged rhinitis and sinusitis (with sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, etc.), as well as for a runny nose with a confirmed bacterial nature, when ordinary drops without an antibiotic in the composition do not help.
  • “Mezaton” is a solution on the basis of which vasoconstrictor drops are prepared in the nose with the addition of dioxidine and hydrocortisone. This creates a combination drug with an antibiotic and a hormone in its composition. They resort to its help in difficult cases when the disease cannot be cured with conventional medicines. But such hormonal drops cannot be used without a doctor’s prescription, as they have many side effects and, if used incorrectly, cause addiction with subsequent withdrawal symptoms.

Drops based on xylometazoline

Xylometazoline is a drug that causes capillary spasm due to its action on adrenergic receptors. Nasal drops for constricting blood vessels based on it last up to 10 hours, so it is enough to instill them 2-3 times a day, which is very convenient. But in children, due to side effects, they are used with caution.

Recommendations regarding the exact age at which they can be used vary from drug to drug. The exact answer to this question will be provided by the instructions for use of a specific product.

Pharmacies from this group sell:

Spray "Snoop" - nasal drops with xylometazoline and sea water in the composition. This drug has a slightly shorter effect (up to 6 hours), but it is very economical in consumption, and the sea water in the ingredients protects the nasal mucosa from drying out.

Drops based on oxymetazoline

Long-acting drops for the common cold are produced on the basis of oxymetazoline. They act for at least hours, so they only need to be instilled 2 times a day.

Of these products, the most popular are Nazivin, Nazol, Vicks, Sialor, etc. Most of them are approved for use from birth, but dosages vary for infants, children over one year of age, and adults.

Features of application

For sinusitis, it is better to use drugs with an antibacterial component in the composition. With their help, you can cure a runny nose faster and more effectively. Therefore, for this disease, Polydexa becomes the drug of choice.

Drops for infants are suitable based on phenylephedrine and oxymetazoline. But at the same time, we must not forget about selecting the correct concentration and the resulting addiction to the drug if you use it for more than 5 days.

The need to use vasoconstrictors during lactation and pregnancy often arises. There is even a type of rhinitis - “runny nose of pregnant women”. In such situations, it is better to use drugs with phenylephedrine. They have a good effect, and at the same time, are quite safe.

For allergic rhinitis, it is recommended to use hormonal rather than vasoconstrictor nasal drops. Since they not only relieve swelling and inflammation, but also influence the reactions of the immune system, reducing their reactivity. Also in these cases, antihistamines in tablets have good effects.

Hormonal drops for runny nose

If the treatment does not have the desired effect, addiction has occurred, and the patient is concerned about why vasoconstrictor drops do not help, it is worth prescribing hormonal drugs instead. They are also becoming the drugs of choice for allergic rhinitis.

Such drops not only relieve swelling, but also quickly stop inflammation. Among them, Flinconase, Avamys, Nasonex are used, and vasoconstrictor drugs will not be needed.

But you should not use drugs with hormones in all situations, as they have more serious side effects than drugs that constrict blood vessels.

More detailed information about hormonal drops for a runny nose can be found in the video in this article.

Side effects

Despite the apparent safety of these medications, they must be prescribed by a doctor, as they have a number of side effects. The main one is addiction.

If used incorrectly, they cease to have the desired effect, which forces patients to increase the dosage. As a result, atrophy and drying of the mucous membrane occurs, which can be difficult to correct.

In addition, pathological fragility of blood vessels develops, which is manifested by frequent nosebleeds. Local immunity also decreases, which leads to frequent runny noses and colds. Therefore, these drugs should not be used for more than five days.

If addiction does occur, to relieve swelling you need to use a diluted drug or non-vasoconstrictor drops for the common cold. The dosage of the usual remedy must be constantly reduced, and gradually (but as quickly as possible) completely abandon it.

When treating rhinitis and sinusitis, you need to remember that there are no vasoconstrictor drugs that are not addictive. If long-term therapy for such diseases is necessary, it is necessary to use medicinal preparations from other groups, for example, based on herbal components (Pinosol), sea water (Aquamaris, Marimer), saline solution, etc.

They are also effective in treatment and can be used for a long time. But they will not help quickly remove nasal congestion and make breathing easier for a long time. Other side effects almost never occur when used correctly.

But if you use excessive dosages, the following unpleasant symptoms may develop:
  • Headache;
  • Increased blood pressure;
  • Sleep disorders;
  • Impaired consciousness;
  • Poisoning of the body, etc.

Therefore, it is important not to neglect the doctor’s recommendations during treatment.

Vasoconstrictors are excellent first aid for nasal diseases with difficulty breathing. They quickly clear the nasal passages of mucus accumulation and swelling.

After using them, literally in a few seconds a person can breathe freely again, which is very important if you have to endure an illness at work. But we must not forget about the possible development of addiction and do not use vasoconstrictor nasal drops for more than five days. If long-term treatment is necessary, it is better to give preference to other drugs.

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Neurologist, 4.5 years of experience. Hello everybody. I won’t recommend anything specific. Write your questions, we’ll sort it out. But my dears: no matter how detailed you ask your question and no matter how timely we answer you, it is better to make an appointment with me (I now live and work in Moscow) or my colleagues. It is very difficult to give specific recommendations without seeing the whole picture.

General practitioner. Elderly people often turn to me for help; everyone needs help. But most people are to blame for the fact that they have adopted a sedentary lifestyle over the past 20 years. What I can advise: buy a complex of vitamins and don’t read more about traditional medicine recipes. Strong drugs are used only as a last resort and only under the supervision of a doctor.

Phlebologist with 8 years of experience. I myself believe that all vascular problems are due to an incorrect lifestyle. Play sports and don't eat any fast food and you will feel great.

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Source: http://uflebologa.ru/lechenie/medicamentoznaya-terapiya-lechenie/v-nos-sosudosuzhivayushhie-kapli-642