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Nasal sprays for runny nose: the most effective sprays, prices, rules of use

When the first signs of a runny nose appear, many people, without consulting a doctor, purchase medications from pharmacies and begin treatment.

Table of contents:

Sprays are very popular for the treatment of rhinitis. This group of drugs are solutions that are sprayed into the nasal cavity using a dispenser.

Nasal sprays have many advantages over the usual drops, but this dosage form also has its disadvantages. Before you start treating a runny nose with a spray, you need to know when it can be used and when it is better to choose another treatment option.

How do nasal sprays work?

The nasal spray is sprayed into the nasal passages with one click on the dispenser. At the moment of spraying, the drug is released from the bottle under pressure, broken into tiny particles.

Microparticles settle on the mucous layer and penetrate into it, providing a therapeutic effect. Due to its good penetrating ability, the medicinal aerosol reaches the deepest parts of the nose and paranasal sinuses.

The spray has many positive aspects, and above all these:

  • Fast action of the drug. After spraying the aerosol, relief occurs within a few minutes.
  • Ease of use of this dosage form. In order to apply the spray, you do not need to lie down, which allows, if necessary, treatment in transport, at work or any other public place.
  • Possibility of administering the exact volume of medication. With one press, the required amount of solution is released; when using drops, this is difficult to ensure. The accuracy of the dosage also determines another quality of the spray - its economical use.

Sprays contain different medicinal bases, so they can constrict blood vessels, moisturize the mucous membrane, and have an antimicrobial or antibacterial effect. That is, it is necessary to choose a drug based on the manifestations of rhinitis and the cause of its occurrence.

Side effects from using sprays

The ease of use of the spray also creates a certain problem. The ease of use of this dosage form often leads to the fact that a person begins to use the aerosol even if the symptoms of rhinitis are minimal.

When using vasoconstrictor sprays, the vessels quickly get used to this effect and can no longer function independently in the desired direction. This leads to the fact that in order for the nose to breathe the way a person needs, each time a larger dose of medicine is required.

Long-term treatment of chronic rhinitis with vasoconstrictor drugs, including sprays, disrupts the nutrition of the mucous layer. As a result, the mucous wall gradually becomes thinner, and the vessels become fragile. The result of this process is nosebleeds with the slightest injury and a slight increase in blood pressure.

A single dosage of the spray is one or two clicks on the dispenser. But some people, wanting to ease their breathing faster, use much more at a time. It is necessary to remember that such an overdose of sprays with a vasoconstrictor effect ends with strong heartbeat, headache, nausea, and interruptions in the functioning of the heart.

Due to the high likelihood of adverse reactions, sprays for the common cold with vasoconstrictor components may be contraindicated:

  • For hypertension.
  • Diabetes mellitus.
  • Severe thrombophlebitis.
  • During the recovery period after a myocardial infarction.
  • For prostate diseases.
  • Patients with disorders of the thyroid gland.
  • During pregnancy.

Under what conditions the drug cannot be used depends on what is included in its composition. Therefore, when purchasing a medicine, you should always read the instructions first.

Rules for using sprays for runny nose

Although the spray is simple and easy to use, it may be ineffective if you do not know the rules for using this dosage form.

When spraying an ENT aerosol, doctors advise adhering to the following recommendations:

  • The nasal passages must first be thoroughly cleaned. To do this, you can wash them with saline solutions and then blow your nose well.
  • The bottle is shaken before spraying the medicine.
  • Spraying is carried out alternately in each nostril. First, one nostril is pinched, that is, a finger is pressed against the nasal septum and the drug is sprayed into the free nasal passage.
  • There is no need to insert the dispenser deeply into the nasal cavity. It will be enough to ensure that the top of the bottle is located in the vestibule of the nose.
  • After injecting the medicine, you need to take a deep breath.
  • Similar actions are performed with the other nasal passage.
  • After spraying the spray, try not to sneeze or blow your nose for several minutes.

The frequency of use of the spray is indicated in the instructions for its use. For some drugs, the therapeutic effect lasts no more than 4 hours, while other drugs make breathing easier for up to 12 hours.

Preparations with vasoconstrictor components should be used as rarely as possible; they can be injected one to three times during the day and once at night.

In order to minimize the likelihood of undesirable consequences from the use of sprays, their use must be approached wisely. In the first days of the development of the disease, it is better to use drugs with antiviral components and moisturizers; this will prevent the development of severe inflammation and reduce swelling.

Vasoconstrictor sprays are used only when breathing through the nose is very difficult and for no more than 5-7 days. After nasal congestion has decreased, you need to switch to safer products with anti-inflammatory, thinning and antimicrobial components.

Allergic rhinitis requires special treatment. Vasoconstrictor drops also help in eliminating it, but the production of inflammatory mediators stops only under the influence of antihistamine components. Antibiotic sprays are used for prolonged runny nose with purulent mucus and an increased likelihood of developing sinusitis.

Effective sprays for the common cold: list of drugs

The effectiveness of a spray for rhinitis does not depend on its price and duration of use, but on how well the medication is selected. It is best, if possible, to consult a doctor who can describe the specifics of using different types of nasal aerosols and the duration of their use.

Drugs are selected depending on the patient’s age, whether he has a history of chronic diseases, and drug tolerance is also taken into account.

Sprays with a vasoconstrictor effect

  • Rhinonorm. The price of a 15 ml spray bottle starts at 70 rubles.
  • Vibrocil. This medicine contains not only a vasoconstrictor, but also an antihistamine component. Price per bottle from 250 rubles.
  • Tizin. The cost of the product starts from 80 rubles.
  • Snoop. The cost of the drug starts from 130 rubles.

There are a huge number of drugs with vasoconstrictor components in pharmacies. They need to be selected according to age and duration of the therapeutic effect.

Sprays with moisturizing ingredients

  • AquaMaris. The cost of a bottle is from 300 rubles.
  • Physiometer. Bottle price from 350 rubles.

Moisturizing aerosols begin to be used at about one year of age. Until this age, children receive drops with the same name. Medicines in this group can be used regardless of the stage of the runny nose; they do not cure, but only moisturize the mucous membrane, help thin the viscous secretion and help create an environment unfavorable for the growth of bacteria.

Antibacterial sprays

  • Isofra. The price of a bottle starts from 220 rubles.
  • Polydexa. This drug contains not only an antibiotic, but also a hormone and a vasoconstrictor component. This composition helps well with many types of rhinitis, but the drug should be used only as prescribed by a doctor. Its cost is from 250 rubles.

Sprays with herbal ingredients

  • Sinuforte. It helps well in the treatment of complicated rhinitis and sinusitis. The cost of this drug is very high, starting from 1500 rubles.
  • Virunet Phytonos Echinacea. Cost from 100 rubles.

Preparations with herbal components have an anti-inflammatory effect. People with a predisposition to allergic reactions should approach their use with caution.

Sprays with antihistamine components

  • Allergodil. The price starts from 400 rubles per bottle.
  • Nasonex. The cost of a bottle is from 420 rubles.

Antihistamine sprays must be prescribed by a doctor. Some patients require medication on an ongoing basis, so they need medications that are safe for long-term use.

Features of the use of sprays in the treatment of children

A runny nose in children can be treated with a spray only when the child reaches one year. Before this time, there is a possibility that a powerful stream of medication may enter the throat and provoke a spasm. It should be borne in mind that some sprays are used only after 2-2.5 years. This applies to drugs such as Polydexa, Pinosol.

Medicines for a child must be prescribed by a pediatrician. When treating children, it is important to choose the right dosage and frequency of use of drugs. Children psychologically tolerate spraying the medicine more easily than instilling it, but this does not mean that the drug can be used uncontrolled.

Aquamaris and Salin are used to moisturize the mucous membrane. And young children cannot be trusted to use aerosols on their own; this can result not only in an overdose, but also in injuries to the nasal passages.

Using sprays for runny nose during pregnancy

During pregnancy, nasal congestion periodically or constantly bothers half of women. This is due to hormonal changes in the body, so there is no point in using drugs to treat a runny nose.

Vasoconstrictor sprays are for the most part prohibited during pregnancy - they increase blood pressure and constrict the blood vessels of the placenta, which adversely affects the development of the child. You can keep your nasal passages hydrated using safe seawater-based products. Helps make breathing easier and constantly humidify the air in the room.

If a cold develops, treatment for a pregnant woman should be prescribed by a doctor. The doctor selects a drug that does not have a toxic effect on the fetus.

It should be taken into account that each trimester of pregnancy has its own indications and contraindications for the use of different types of sprays.

Nasal sprays are one of the most convenient forms of treatment for a runny nose. But in order for such therapy to bring positive results and not cause side effects, it is always necessary to take into account all the nuances of using medicinal aerosols.

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The information presented on the site is advisory and reference in nature.

Only your attending physician can make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment!

Source: http://zdorovienosa.ru/bolezni-nosa/rhinitis/sprei-dlya-nosa-ot-nasmorka

The best spray for runny nose for children and adults. Which nasal spray is best for a runny nose?

Both adults and children are predisposed to such a problem as a runny nose. Moreover, it can begin at any time of the year. Rhinitis can be of an allergic nature, be associated with the structural features of the nose, etc. Depending on the cause of this symptom, the doctor selects a drug to eliminate it. It should be taken into account that products for adults are contraindicated for children, and products for children do not bring any effect to mature people. Therefore, today we will look at which spray for a runny nose is most suitable for children and their parents.

Treatment of infectious runny nose

There are 2 types of nasal irrigation products that doctors suggest starting to use for contagious rhinitis from the first hours of illness until a specialist arrives:

  1. Human interferon agents.
  2. Sprays based on sea water.

As a last resort, it is allowed to use vasoconstrictor substances before visiting a therapist or pediatrician. But for children, it is better to wait for a specialist who will prescribe such drugs.

For rinsing

To cleanse the nasopharynx, doctors prescribe the following sprays:

These remedies are intended for the treatment of mild types of runny nose, and also for those of an allergic nature. It is necessary to know that these drugs are not medicinal; they contain only sea water, which has a positive effect. These aerosols are not addictive; they can be prescribed for daily use for nasopharyngeal hygiene. These products are suitable for both children and adults.

Saline solutions prevent mucus from drying out; they help it leave the body and also get rid of the pathogen.

Advantages of sprayers

Why is it better to use a nasal spray for a runny nose? Because:

“It penetrates deeper into the nasal passages than drops and lies evenly on the mucous membrane.

— It has no side effects.

— An overdose of sea water is impossible.

— Aerosol consumption is more economical.

— They are more convenient to use than drops, especially when it comes to children.

Spray for colds with sea water is a safe drug that can be used for a long time. Many people consider the above aerosols to be the best in treating a child’s runny nose.

Rules for using sprays to cleanse the nasopharynx

Any of the proposed drugs comes with instructions, which say that it is necessary to make 1-2 injections into each nostril. Then you need to wait 5 minutes, and then make sure that the child blows his nose well or removes the mucus using an aspirator.

But you need to use sprays from drug groups only after the nasopharynx cleansing procedure. It is then that the drugs enter deep into the nasal passages and remain on the mucous membrane, rather than being excreted along with the liquid.

Antiviral agents

In the first days of illness, human interferon sprays are used. And it, in turn, helps to neutralize viruses that are on the mucous membrane and have not yet penetrated the blood. With late use, the effectiveness of such drugs decreases. Also, if in the first 2 days of illness there is heavy discharge from the nose, then the effectiveness of treatment with these drugs decreases, since the lion's share of the medicine does not linger on the mucous membrane.

Popular drugs from this series are:

1. Spray for the common cold "Genferon-Lite".

Optimal antiviral drug

The best spray for a runny nose in this case is the drug “Genferon-Lite”. It can be used during pregnancy at all stages, children over 14 years of age, adults, as well as certain categories of newborns (who have meningitis, sepsis or pneumonia).

This spray is used by placing the tip of the bottle into the nasal cavity and pressing the dispenser once.

When the flu begins, use one dose in both nostrils three times a day for 5 days, no more.

To prevent ARVI (in case of contact with an infected person or after hypothermia), you need to adhere to the following regimen of using the drug: one spray in both nasal passages twice a day for a week.

The price of the aerosol drug “Genferon-Lite” ranges from 250–300 rubles.

Vasoconstrictor sprays for children

A runny nose often causes nasal congestion, sometimes making breathing very difficult. To relieve swelling, specialists prescribe vasoconstrictor drugs. But moms and dads should know that such remedies are aimed only at facilitating breathing, and they do not have a therapeutic effect.

The following medications will help you cope with the problem of nasal congestion:

— Spray for runny nose for children “Vibrocil” and “Xymelin”.

If rhinitis was not cured in the first days, then you should take the advice of your pediatrician and buy Isofra or Bioparox aerosol.

Many parents try to heal their children with homeopathic or herbal remedies. In this case, the children's runny nose spray "Pinosol", which is made from essential oils of pine needles and eucalyptus, has proven itself well. The drug has an enveloping and anti-inflammatory effect, and at the same time the child’s breathing is normalized.

The best drugs for children

Now let’s look at products that are superior to their analogues, since they are excellent at combating nasal congestion and therefore are so popular among the population.

1. Spray "Vibrocil". This drug has an antiallergic effect, and it also constricts blood vessels thanks to the main components included in its composition, such as dimethindene and phenylephrine. Immediately after injecting the aerosol, the child’s swelling goes away. The instructions state that children under 6 years of age should not use the spray, but some pediatricians still prescribe it at an earlier age.

The price of this product ranges from 300 rubles.

This spray for the common cold has only positive reviews. People note its effectiveness, and also that the medicine does not cause allergic reactions or other side effects. Its consumption is small (you need to perform only 1 press in each nostril), so it lasts for a long time. This remedy is also universal: it can be used to treat both children and adults.

2. Spray for colds for children “Xymelin”. The vasoconstrictor effect is achieved after administering the medicine into the nose due to xylometazoline. The product acts instantly and keeps your breath clean for 8 to 12 hours, so it’s good to use at night. The aerosol is prescribed for children from 2 to 6 years old, and it should be injected no more than 3 times a day, and the duration of use should not exceed 1 week.

The best spray for runny nose for adults

Aerosol "Evkazolin Aqua", according to patients, is an excellent remedy for nasal congestion. The main component of the drug, xylometazoline, can reduce swelling of the mucous membranes. The product also has an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect due to the eucalyptus oil it contains.

Can be used by children over 12 years of age, as well as by adults. Single dose - one injection into each nostril. The interval between drug administration should be at least 12 hours. According to patients’ reviews, the nasal spray for a runny nose “Evkazolin Aqua” pierces the nasal passages in a matter of minutes, and the effect of clean breathing lasts just 10–12 hours. It does not dry out the mucous membrane and does not create any discomfort. However, you need to know and remember that you cannot use this aerosol for more than 5 days, as it can be addictive.

A spray for the common cold, the price of which is quite reasonable - about 100 rubles per bottle, is consumed quickly, however, and if injected according to the scheme, then half of the medicine will be used up in 5 days. But this drug, according to many people, is really worth paying attention to and recognizing as the best.

What about pregnant women?

Pregnant women need to remember that the cold remedies they used before conceiving a child cannot be taken while carrying a baby.

Of the approved medications for nasal congestion, this category of the population is most often prescribed saline solutions and, by the way, they were already mentioned at the beginning of the article. These are such sprays for the common cold as “Avalor”, “Humer”, “Aquamaris”, “Dolphin”. Only if at the beginning of the article these drugs were described for children, here they can also be used for pregnant women, only they are produced specifically for adults. Such sprays are designed to facilitate the outflow of mucus from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. These medications are safe and have virtually no side effects, which is why they are used as first aid.

Which spray for a runny nose is best in this situation? This is the Dolphin aerosol - it is considered the most effective in comparison with other drugs in this group. Moreover, this spray for a runny nose during pregnancy is used even in the case of an allergic nature of the disease.

But doctors do not prescribe vasoconstrictor drugs for pregnant women. Very rarely (and only in the second and third trimesters) aerosols such as Sanorin-Analergin and Xymelin can be prescribed.

Among homeopathic medicines, Delufen nasal spray for runny nose has proven itself well. It is evenly distributed throughout the mucous membrane, and this increases its effectiveness. In addition, this aerosol helps to quickly eliminate inflammation and swelling, without causing irritation and dryness in the nose. And its distinctive feature is that it significantly reduces the risk of purulent complications.

How to use sprays for runny nose?

1. Before injecting any aerosol, you need to clean your nasal passages.

2. It is necessary to spray the product one by one into each nostril, while using your finger to pinch the other.

3. At the time of irrigation, you need to take a shallow breath.

4. It is not recommended to blow your nose or sneeze immediately after spraying the product.

5. Be sure to follow the doctor's recommendations. In no case should you exceed the dosage and duration of treatment with one or another nebulizer.

Now you know that a spray for a runny nose can not only make nasal breathing easier, but can also fight viruses and microbes found on the mucous membrane. Aerosols such as Humer and Aqualor have proven themselves to be excellent for washing. For viruses - spray "Genferon-Lite", and the best vasoconstrictor drugs for children are the drugs "Vibrocil" and "Xymelin". And for adults, the optimal remedy for nasal congestion is the Evkazolin Aqua aerosol.

Source: http://www.syl.ru/article/169823/new_luchshiy-sprey-ot-nasmorka-dlya-detey-i-vzroslyih-kakoy-sprey-v-nos-ot-nasmorka-luchshe

The best sprays for runny nose

The medicine in the form of a spray has convincing advantages over other methods of local treatment. Injection dosing allows the drug to be used to treat patients of any age without fear of exceeding the dose.

The advantages of medications in the form of sprays include penetration into the most inaccessible places of the nasopharynx and ease of use. Several groups of drugs for the common cold are produced in this form.

Vasoconstrictor sprays

The group of sprays for the common cold with a vasoconstrictor effect is the most representative; the list of drugs includes dozens of items. Vasoconstrictor sprays with decongestants eliminate swelling of the mucous membrane and nasal discharge in a short time, and free up breathing.

Read more about vasoconstrictor medications for a runny nose in our article Medicines for a runny nose.

In pharmacies, sprays for runny nose are available without a prescription, but this does not mean that they are absolutely safe.

Consulting a doctor when choosing a spray is necessary, since decongestants, the active ingredients of sprays, can be addictive when used for more than 5 days and have side effects.

Fast acting decongestants

The fastest-acting ones are nasal sprays with oxymetazoline. This group of sprays for the common cold includes: Afrin, Nazivin Sensitive, Noxprey, Nazol, Nesopin, Vicks Active Sinex.

The cheapest spray from this group for the common cold is the Russian drug Nesopin, its price is 81 rubles. per bottle 20 ml. Expensive drugs from this group - Nazivin and Afrin, cost around 160 rubles.

Sprays with xylometazoline

A large group of sprays for the common cold are medicines based on xylometazoline.

The most popular sprays for a runny nose of any origin are Otrivin, Rinonorm, Snoop, Dlynos, Tizin Xylo, Rinomaris, Galazolin, Ximelin, Ximetazolin Bufus, Influrin, Sanorin-Xylo, Doctor Theiss Rinotaiss, Espazolin.

Do not forget about such an effective remedy for the common cold as tablets. Read more in our article Tablets for the common cold.

Short-acting decongestant sprays

The cheapest sprays for the common cold include medications based on naphazoline - Naphazolin, Sanorin, Naphthyzin. The disadvantage of these drugs is the need for frequent use and the damaging effect of the active substance on the nasal mucosa.

Sea salt sprays

If the vasoconstrictor spray, which acts quickly and effectively, is discontinued, the runny nose may worsen and even become chronic. Non-vasoconstrictors with sea water are no less successful in preventing a runny nose.

However, they do not have a negative effect on the ciliated epithelium of the nasal mucosa and are not addictive.

Sea salt sprays can be divided into two groups:

  • hypertonic solutions - with a high salt content (2.2 - 2.6%);
  • isotonic solutions with a salt concentration of 0.9%.

The Best Sea Salt Sprays

The best sprays for the common cold with sea salt are Aqualor, Otrivin More, Humer, Vibrolor, Aqua Maris, Dolphin, Marimer, Alergol Sea Water, Goodvada, Morenazal, Fluimarin. Sprays for rhinitis with sea salt are safe for children and pregnant women, patients with heart disease, thyroid disease, and diabetes.

The exception is drugs with additional medicinal components that cause individual tolerance. For this group of products, it is also extremely important to carefully study the instructions before use.

Features of use for children

Children under 2 years of age are allowed to use sea salt preparations in the form of a spray, if the medicine is injected correctly.

For children, a can of the drug is brought to the base of the nose and injected without introducing it into the nasal passage.

Sea salt sprays are among the cheapest, safest and most effective treatments for a runny nose.

Read in detail about medications for the common cold for children in the article Medicines and drops for the common cold in children under one year of age.

Spray for allergic rhinitis

When treating allergies locally, medications quickly eliminate the manifestations of the disease. The use of sprays for allergic rhinitis relieves sneezing and nasal congestion without penetrating into the general bloodstream, without causing unwanted side effects.

To treat allergic rhinitis, nasal sprays of different groups are used; the similarity of their action lies in the effective elimination of symptoms.

Hormonal agents

For many patients suffering from allergic rhinitis, steroid aerosols serve as the main means of “first aid”.

The advantage of hormonal sprays for the common cold is the absence of a sedative effect, according to patients' reviews. Flixonase, Alcedin, Amavis, Nasonex allow you to lead a normal lifestyle and do not affect the ability to drive.

Antihistamines

Antihistamines are prescribed mainly in the form of tablets or nasal drops. For allergic rhinitis, Allergodil and Azelastine sprays are prescribed.

They contain the active substance azelastine, which has a pronounced antiallergic effect. Allergodil and Azelastine nasal sprays are recommended for the common cold for children over 6 years of age; they are effective for 12 hours after use.

It is allowed to use the product to treat a runny nose for 6 months.

Antibiotic sprays

The list of sprays for the common cold containing antibiotics is small, represented by three drugs - Isofra, Bioparox, Polydexa. Only a doctor can prescribe such drugs for children. Sprays with antibiotics for the treatment of runny nose are used for both children and adults in courses; they are prescribed for bacterial rhinitis, nasopharyngitis, and sinusitis.

Isofra spray contains the aminoglycoside antibiotic framycetin. The course of treatment should not exceed 10 days. The drug acts on bacterial microflora that causes inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract.

Bioparox contains the antibiotic fusafungin, which is active against bacteria and pathogenic microscopic fungi. The spray is used for the treatment of a runny nose only as prescribed by a doctor; if there is no effect after 2 days, both adults and children replace the drug.

The drug Polidexa contains 2 types of antibiotics - polymyxin, neomycin, as well as a number of components with anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects. Polydex spray affects a wide range of bacterial infections and has no effect on fungi or viruses.

It is not recommended to choose on your own which antibiotic spray is best to use for a runny nose. Antibiotics, even when used topically, have side effects.

Homeopathic sprays

Popular homeopathic sprays for the common cold are Euphorbium Compositum and Delufen. Homeopathic remedies are used to treat rhinitis for colds, allergies, foul-smelling runny nose (ozena), atrophic rhinitis, accompanied by thinning of the nasal mucosa.

Herbal preparations in homeopathic remedies moisturize the mucous membrane and have a positive effect on metabolic processes. The products are allowed to be used by children from 4 years of age, during pregnancy, if there is no allergy to the components.

The homeopathic remedy Delufen shows effectiveness in almost all types of runny nose. Delufen is prescribed for atrophic and hypertrophic rhinitis, allergic, catarrhal, chronic and acute rhinitis.

The drug treats runny nose in newborns and pregnancy. Delufen is well tolerated and does not cause addiction or complications.

Ointments for the common cold are considered an effective and safe remedy for a runny nose during pregnancy. Read more in the article Ointment for a runny nose.

Medicines based on natural ingredients are inferior in speed to drugs of official medicine. However, many of them have a good medicinal effect, and most importantly, have fewer contraindications and side effects.

Herbal sprays for the common cold include Chinese remedies Ling, Propolis, Billitong, Ditun Biyanshui Penuzzi. These drugs are multi-component and therefore can cause pain, so they should be taken under the supervision of a doctor.

The best method of treatment, as we know, is prevention. In relation to a runny nose, prevention is by irrigating the nasal cavity with isotonic solutions of sea salt.

Regular use of Dolphin, Aqualor during cold seasons, when the first symptoms appear, will protect against infection or worsening of the disease.

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Source: http://loramed.ru/bolezni/nos/nasmork/luchshie-sprei-ot-n.html

Nasal sprays. Which spray to choose for nasal diseases?

Nasal spray is a relatively new dosage form. For a long time, intranasal drugs were limited to simple drops, and only a few decades ago an alternative appeared in domestic pharmacies. With the help of nasal sprays you can cure allergies, sinusitis, rhinitis and common dryness of the nasal mucosa. What are they, and how to use them correctly?

>> The site presents an extensive selection of medications for the treatment of sinusitis and other nasal diseases. Enjoy it for your health! <

Why spray?

But first, let's figure out how the spray differs from its more experienced “predecessor” - nasal drops. For example, let’s take the simplest solution of sea water in the form of drops and spray and compare their effectiveness.

Ordinary nasal drops wash the nasal cavity quite unevenly. And even more so, they cannot penetrate through the mouth into the paranasal maxillary sinuses, and, therefore, the effectiveness of intranasal drops for sinusitis is extremely doubtful.

With sprays the situation is different. When spraying modern sprays, the medicine practically turns into a finely dispersed mixture, which is evenly distributed throughout the entire nasal cavity. Thus, not a single area of ​​the nasopharynx will be left “unattended.” In addition, the spray is sprayed with a certain force. Medicine that penetrates into the nasal cavity under pressure can penetrate into its most remote areas and even into the paranasal sinuses. Therefore, irrigating the nose with sea water sprays is in some way a hygienic procedure for the maxillary sinuses and the prevention of sinusitis.

Types of nasal sprays

There are several nasal sprays on the modern market, which are representatives of different groups of medications. Let's list them:

  • vasoconstrictor sprays (alpha-adrenergic agonists);
  • antiallergic sprays;
  • antiseptic sprays;
  • drugs with antibiotics;
  • moisturizing sprays with isotonic or hypertonic solution, sea water;
  • homeopathic sprays for runny nose.

A separate group includes Chinese sprays and spray-balms for runny nose and sinusitis, which are quite popular in Russia. Now it’s time to get down to specifics, and let’s start our excursion with the most common and well-known drugs - vasoconstrictors.

Nasal sprays for runny nose: quickly and effectively

Alpha adrenergic agonists (vasoconstrictor sprays) are pioneers among remedies for the common cold. They have been used for several decades, and during this time pharmacists have thoroughly studied the positive and negative aspects of these drugs. The pharmacological action of alpha-adrenergic agonists is based on the narrowing of blood vessels in the nasal cavity, which leads to a reduction in swelling and restoration of nasal breathing. In addition, the volume of nasal secretions also decreases during the action of alpha-agonists. Let us add that nasal sprays for a runny nose have a symptomatic, not a therapeutic effect: they alleviate rhinitis and rhinosinusitis, but do not cure the disease itself.

Naphazoline

The most age-appropriate alpha-adrenergic agonist, naphazoline, is gradually becoming a thing of the past. A nasal spray with naphazoline, just like drops, is effective for a fairly limited period of time - only a few hours. Due to the short-term vasoconstrictive effect and excessive drying of the nasal mucosa, naphazoline is used extremely rarely, and in pediatrics they try to avoid it altogether.

Nevertheless, in Russian pharmacies you can buy the domestic spray Naphthyzin, which has a very affordable price, as well as the Czech spray Sanorin, known since Soviet times.

Xylometazoline

Xylometazoline is slightly younger than naphazoline, but it already has undeniable advantages over the founder of the group. Sprays for nasal congestion with xylometazoline act longer and more gently, without irritating or drying out the nasal mucosa.

The German nasal spray with xylometazoline Grippostad Rino, Dlynos produced by Sandoz, Doctor Theiss Nazolin, Xylobene for children and adults and others are registered in the Russian Federation. The Norwegian company Nycomed produces Xymelin Eco spray and Xymelin Eco with menthol. The latter is sold in the form of a regular nasal spray and in dosed form, one spray of which contains a strictly defined dose of medication. Swiss runny nose sprays for children and adults from the Otrivin line are also popular. All adult forms of xylometazoline spray have a concentration of 0.1%, and all children's forms have a concentration of 0.05%.

Oxymetazoline

Another alpha-adrenergic agonist, oxymetazoline has a wide variety of release forms. It is adapted for children from birth to one year, from one to six years old and children over six years old and adults. Oxymetazoline is produced in three concentrations, which are intricately intertwined and poorly remembered not only by consumers, but also by pharmacists. Let's try to unravel this tangle. So, nasal sprays with oxymetazoline can have three forms of release:

  • 0.025% for newborns and children under 1 year;
  • 0.01% for children 1–6 years old;
  • 0.05% for children over 6 years old and adults.

Domestic pharmacies sell several sprays for the common cold with oxymetazoline, and among them are Afrin produced in Canada, Nazivin and Nazivin Sensitive from Merck, Germany, Nazol and Nazol Advance (for adults), produced by Bayer and some others.

Tramazolin

Tramazolin is one of the most modern alpha-agonists, which is available only in the form of a nasal spray. It has the longest effect of all vasoconstrictor drugs for the common cold. Only one tramazolin preparation is registered in Russia, called Lazolvan Rino. It is produced by the famous German company Boehringer Ingelheim. Lazolvan Rino is approved for use in children over 6 years of age and adults.

Combined sprays for runny nose

This group includes the well-known complex vasoconstrictor spray Vibrocil. It contains the antiallergic component dimethindene and the vasoconstrictor phenylephrine. A distinctive property of Vibrocil is its gentle effect on the nasal mucosa. Vibrocil spray is used to treat allergic rhinitis, as well as viral and bacterial rhinitis and rhinosinusitis in children over 6 years of age and adults. The original drug, which has no analogues today, is produced by the Swiss company Novartis.

Another unique combination spray, Rinofluimucil, contains a mucus thinning substance (acetylcysteine) and a vasoconstrictor component.

Allergies: from cromoglycates to hormones

Antiallergic nasal sprays are divided into two large and fundamentally different groups - cromoglycates and glucocorticosteroids. Cromoglycates are preparations of cromoglycic acid. They stabilize mast cell membranes. It is from these cells that during allergies, the main culprits of severe allergic symptoms are released - histamine and other, less active mediators.

It should be borne in mind that the effect of cromoglycates accumulates very slowly, over several weeks. This slowness is explained simply: the allocated portion of histamine is already conducting military operations with might and main, and cromoglycic acid does not affect it. The effect of the medicine will appear only when the next batch of mediators is ready to “disembark” from mast cells. Therefore, it is recommended to take membrane stabilizers before the start of the allergy season, preferably a month or even more.

Glucocorticosteroids work in a completely different way. These are local hormonal drugs that have a pronounced anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effect. Don't be afraid of the word "hormones".

Hormonal nasal sprays are practically not absorbed into the bloodstream. Some of them, for example, Nasonex, are prescribed to children from two years of age, and in the West even to pregnant women.

It is hormonal intranasal allergy sprays that are recognized as the most effective means of combating this scourge. They begin to act a few days after the start of therapy.

Meet allergy nasal sprays

Cromoglicic acid

Cromoglicic acid preparations can be used to treat children over 5 years of age. They are given four times a day for four weeks or more. The withdrawal of medications should be carried out gradually, reducing the dosage and frequency of use over seven days.

In Russian pharmacies you can buy CromoHexal, a drug from the Slovak company Sandoz, the German nasal spray Kromoglin (Merkle company) and again the German drug Stadaglycin (Stada).

Beclomethasone

Beclomethasone is one of the first intranasal glucocorticoids. Among the hormonal nasal sprays for allergies, it is the “weakest”. Beclomethasone preparations begin to act 4–5 days after the start of regular use (2–4 times a day). In extremely rare cases, beclomethasone can cause perforation of the nasal septum. To prevent this, the medicine should be sprayed not on the septum, but along the nasal passage.

There are several names of nasal allergy sprays containing beclomethasone on the Russian market, including the Belgian Aldecin (manufactured by the well-known company Schering Plau), Beconase and the Czech Nasobek spray. Let us add that Beconase, which is produced by the pharmaceutical concern Glaxo, has a pleasant lilac scent. This is how the manufacturer protected its drug from counterfeits.

Fluticasone

Another intranasal corticosteroid, a nasal spray, which, according to the instructions, is approved for use in children over 4 years of age. The drug is prescribed 2 injections twice a day for several weeks (or until the effect of the allergen ceases). Relief occurs 3-4 days after the start of therapy.

Fluticasone preparations are marketed under the trade names Flixonase (manufactured by Glaxo) and Fluticasone (Russia). In addition, there is another anti-allergic nasal spray with fluticasone furoate on the market - Avamys.

Mometasone

The list of the best nasal sprays for allergies is headed by mometasone - the most modern and powerful of all existing intranasal agents with corticosteroid hormones. It is practically not absorbed into the systemic circulation, and therefore has a very high safety profile. Mometasone is officially approved for use in children over two years of age. It is prescribed not only for allergic rhinitis, but also for sinusitis, rhinitis and other rhinosinusitis. The drug begins to work, at best, a day after the start of treatment, which involves two injections into each nasal passage.

Russian pharmacies sell several mometasone preparations, and among them: Nasonex (the original Belgian nasal spray produced by Schering Plow) and Desrinit from the Israeli company Teva.

Antiseptics for the nose

Antiseptic sprays for irrigation of the nasal cavity are most often used for rhinosinusitis, including sinusitis. Their goal is to fight bacteria and, to a lesser extent, viruses in the nasal cavity and maxillary sinuses.

Miramistin preparations are prescribed as the most popular and effective antiseptic nasal sprays for sinusitis. They are active against many microorganisms, including streptococci, staphylococci, including Staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas, fungi of the genus Aspergillus and penicillium, candida and other pathogens.

Antibiotic nasal sprays

Nasal sprays that contain antibiotics are highly effective drugs for a runny nose of bacterial origin, including sinusitis. They cannot be taken for a common runny nose in the broad sense of the word, that is, for viral rhinitis. Antibiotics have no effect on viruses, but miraculously help resistant strains of bacteria “grow.”

In order not to confuse a viral and bacterial infection with sinusitis or rhinitis and not to start useless and even harmful antibiotic therapy, nasal sprays with antibiotics should be used only as prescribed by a doctor.

Only two preparations in the form of sprays containing antibacterial active ingredients are available in domestic pharmacies.

Polydexa with phenylephrine

Polydex complex nasal spray with phenylepherine contains:

  • dexamethasone, a powerful glucocorticosteroid with anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects;
  • neomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae and other bacteria;
  • polymyxin, another antibiotic that is effective against Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae infections;
  • phenylephrine is an alpha-adrenergic agonist that constricts blood vessels and facilitates nasal breathing.

Thanks to its complex, precisely selected composition, Polydex nasal spray with phenylephrine is an effective treatment for most cases of acute and chronic bacterial sinusitis. The drug is used to treat adults and children over 2.5 years old, 1 injection 3–5 times a day for 5–10 days.

Isofra

Isofra is another antibacterial nasal spray used for a runny nose of bacterial etiology. It is interesting that both Polydex and Isofra are produced by the same company: the French Bouchard-Recordati Laboratory. Unlike Polydex, Isofra contains one active ingredient - an antibiotic of the aminoglycoside group, framycetin. It is active against staphylococci and some strains of streptococcus, as well as many gram-negative bacteria.

Isofra nasal spray is injected 4-6 times a day into each nasal passage for 7-10 days.

Simple and effective: saline solutions

An important place in the list of medications used for various types of runny nose is occupied by aqua sprays for rinsing the nose with sodium chloride. The pharmaceutical industry produces many similar drugs, including sprays with hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic solutions, as well as with sea water. All of them can be hypo-, hyper- or isotonic.

Despite their apparent simplicity, sprays with sea water or saline solution are indispensable for inflammatory and allergic diseases of the nasal cavity: viral, bacterial and allergic rhinitis, sinusitis and other rhinosinusitis. These drugs perfectly moisturize the mucous membrane of the nose and maxillary sinuses, thin out thick nasal secretions and facilitate their removal, and wash viruses from the surface of the mucous membrane, preventing the development of a viral infection.

Nasal sprays with a hypertonic solution, due to the high osmolar pressure formed in the nasal cavity, improve the removal of purulent secretions in bacterial purulent rhinitis and sinusitis.

There are many preparations with sea water and saline solution in the form of sprays for the nose and throat. Let's highlight the most popular:

  • Salin (hypotonic solution, also intended for small children);
  • Physiodosis;
  • Aqua Maris;
  • Humer;
  • Dolphin.

Most drugs are produced in a whole line, which includes isotonic and hypertonic solutions, as well as adapted forms for children with small attachments.

Cosmetic Chinese nasal sprays

Recently, Chinese nasal balm sprays for sinusitis and runny nose, which are sold in online and cosmetic stores, have become somewhat popular. Let’s make it clear right away that all Chinese sprays have nothing to do with medications. None of these products are registered as medicinal products. Consequently, the composition of Chinese nasal sprays, their safety and effectiveness are highly questionable.

Homeopathic treatment for runny nose

Ready-made local homeopathic preparations for the treatment of runny nose are available only in the form of nasal sprays. They are used as an additional remedy for rhinitis and sinusitis, including chronic ones. Homeopathic intranasal sprays should be used with caution for allergic rhinitis - in this case, the body may be sensitive to one of the components of the drug, which will cause a worsening of the condition.

Both doctors and patients still argue about the effectiveness of homeopathic sprays, as well as any other homeopathic medicines. But while the controversy continues, many patients trust treatment with small doses and get real results.

Among homeopathic nasal remedies, the most famous are Euphorbium compositum sprays (German drug from Hel) and Delufen produced by Bittner, which can be used to treat children from one year of age and even younger.

Spray for sinusitis with cyclamen

Cyclamen nasal sprays are a recognized effective remedy for improving drainage in the sinuses. Cyclamen extract acts on the trigeminal nerve receptors, which are located in the area of ​​the middle nasal passage and reflexively increases the secretion of nasal mucus. The classic spray for sinusitis with cyclamen extract is Sinuforte, produced by the domestic company Invar.

Attention: children!

In conclusion, I would like to emphasize that nasal sprays are not recommended for the treatment of infants. This is due to the potential for the development of bronchospasm in response to a sudden and quite sharp entry of a stream of medicinal solution into the nasopharynx. Some manufacturers have found a “golden mean” and offered children under one year of age adapted sprays with a low spray force and the possibility of drip administration (for example, Salin). However, when spraying a small child's nose with spray, be careful and follow the instructions. Treat a runny nose safely, and let your whole family breathe deeply!

Source: http://gaimoriti.ru/medicamenty/sprei-dlya-nosa.html

Nasal sprays for runny nose and congestion. Which ones are better?

Nasal spray is a relatively modern form of medicine, since previously most solutions were produced in the form of drops.

Get rid of dryness, eliminate nasal congestion, defeat infection without the use of systemic antibiotics - local remedies can easily cope with all this.

Let's consider what options modern pharmacology offers and when it is better to use one or another drug.

Nasal spray for a runny nose: which is better?

There is no such thing as the best medicine, since each of them has its own effect and is used in a specific situation.

If a patient wants to quickly get rid of nasal congestion, then his choice should fall on an effective and efficient vasoconstrictor.

To eliminate swelling caused by causally significant allergens, a completely different one based on glucocorticosteroid hormones will be suitable, and for a cold, the doctor will select a third option against snot.

Types of nasal sprays

The pharmaceutical market offers many options for these medications, which differ in composition and effect. The following groups are distinguished:

  1. Vasoconstrictors.
  2. Hormonal.
  3. Antihistamines.
  4. Based on herbal ingredients (homeopathic).
  5. Antibacterial.
  6. Antiseptic.
  7. Moisturizing.
  8. Combined

Each class has its own advantages and disadvantages and is used for different symptoms and conditions. Let's take a closer look and analyze the main representatives and their features.

Vasoconstrictor drugs

These are some of the most recognizable remedies that every adult has tried at least once in their life. Their effect on the vessels leads to a narrowing of the latter, due to which congestion disappears and normal breathing is restored.

This effect in medicine is called symptomatic, since they do not treat the pathology, but only temporarily relieve its symptoms.

Advantages of this group:

  • work almost immediately;
  • contraindications and negative manifestations of this class have been well studied, since they have been known for quite a long time;
  • Suitable for children and adults.
  • they do not treat the disease (cause), but only eliminate the symptoms for a while;
  • cause addiction and dependence;
  • have a wide list of contraindications, negative consequences and reactions.

You can use a substance from this group in an emergency situation, when you need to get rid of a cold in a short time. In this case, you need to take into account contraindications and not abuse them, so as not to cause addiction.

Representatives of this class differ in the duration of the effect:

Short-acting (Naphazoline, Phenylephrine). They work for only a few hours, but they have a pronounced effect and constrict blood vessels in just a few seconds. Severe adverse reactions are observed in the form of dry nasal mucosa, bleeding, burning, pressure changes, and tachycardia.

Contraindicated in patients with glaucoma and heart problems, as well as those suffering from high blood pressure (BP).

They are highly addictive, so should not be used for more than 4-5 days. This is a relatively inexpensive medicine, the average cost of which is within rubles, depending on the manufacturer.

The latest generation drug is Tramazolin, which is available only in spray form. Trade name Lazolvan Rino. It has the longest lasting effect of all the above medications.

Hormonal

This group of drugs has found wide application for the treatment of allergies and chronic polypous sinusitis. Medicines based on local hormones.

They have a long duration of action and are not absorbed into the systemic circulation. They have virtually no side effects, with the exception of the appearance of severe dryness when abused.

Representatives of this class:

Herbal products

Homeopathic medicines have a gentle effect on the body, are not addictive, and at the same time, they work somewhat weaker than their synthetic “brothers”.

They are used in the scheme of complex treatment of diseases and show themselves well in chronic processes.

For patients suffering from allergic rhinitis and a tendency to hypersensitivity reactions, the use of these herbal medications is contraindicated.

In pharmacies you can find the following options:

  • Sinuforte. The main substance is cyclamen root extract. It is chosen for acute and chronic sinusitis. The active element affects nerve endings and helps increase mucus production and its removal from the sinuses;
  • Delufen. Active ingredients: mustard, spurge, lumbago, luffa, etc. Shows anti-inflammatory and anti-edema activity.

A well-known herbal drop is Pinosol, but it is only available in drop form.

Antibiotic nasal spray

Due to the inclusion of an antibacterial component in the composition, such medications locally fight infection. They are used in the treatment of bacterial rhinitis, sinusitis in a complex therapy regimen or independently.

List of these funds:

Bioparox. A fairly popular aerosol that kills germs both in the nose and throat. The active substance is a local nasal antibiotic fusafungin. Has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity.

Not absorbed into the systemic circulation. The kit includes two attachments: one for the throat and the other for the nasal cavity.

Allowed for use by adults and children over 3 years old. The medicine is active against most microbes that cause colds and nasopharyngeal diseases.

Combined drugs

They contain several active components, thanks to which the medicine has a pronounced therapeutic effect. Here are their names:

Antiseptic

A representative of this group is Miramistin. This antiseptic for external use has a wide range of antimicrobial effects.

It exhibits a weak antifungal effect and is resistant to many bacteria. In addition, it is characterized by weak antiviral activity.

Does not irritate the skin and almost never causes allergic reactions. Used in the treatment of various diseases, including infections of this area. Cost, rub.

Nasal decongestion spray

You can quickly get rid of swelling if you know for sure what caused it.

Different diseases require different treatment approaches. Which drug is better to choose for bacterial rhinitis?

  • Vasoconstrictors can instantly and temporarily remove swelling. A list of them is presented above;
  • antibiotic aerosols are needed to eliminate the infection;
  • to restore the mucous membrane and moisturize it, you will need salt sprays and liquids;
  • in cases of viscous, difficult to remove mucus, Rinofluimucil and Sinuforte will work well.

What to do when swelling in the nose is caused by allergies? First of all, eliminate the causative allergen, and then fight the manifestations of the disease.

Hormonal agents are ideal for these purposes. The peculiarity is that they begin to act 2-3 days after application. In addition, their effect continues for another 7-10 days after their cancellation.

You can relieve swelling due to allergies before local hormones take effect using Vibrocil. It can be prescribed independently for seasonal allergies for several weeks without the risk of addiction.

Sprays for rinsing the nose with sea water

These are relatively cheap and well-known options based on sea water or sodium chloride solution. The pharmaceutical market offers many varieties of these medications. The difference may be the concentration that makes them hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic.

This moisturizing drug is indispensable in the treatment of most pathological conditions. It is not addictive even when used for several years. It has no side effects, works very gently and does not injure the epithelium.

By moisturizing the mucous membrane, such physiological fluid helps restore natural functions and increases local immune defense. In addition, saline solutions wash away allergens, dust particles and bacteria. By washing away viruses, they prevent them from penetrating deeper and preventing the progression of the infectious process.

There are many trade names for these medications. Here are some of the most popular:

  1. Aquamaris. It contains water from the Adriatic Sea with natural minerals. Cleanses the mucous membrane and eliminates inflammatory manifestations.
  2. Aqualor. Natural sea water. There are various forms of release and concentration for children and adults.
  3. Morenasal. It contains sea salt and has an anti-edematous, anti-allergic and moisturizing effect.
  4. Humer. There are several types of this drug.
  5. Dolphin. Contains mineral salts and components from medicinal plants. Iodine and magnesium promote the restoration and healing of microtraumas, and also have an antiseptic effect. Rose hips exhibit antibacterial properties, and licorice eliminates itching and symptoms of allergic inflammation. Used for inflammatory and allergic diseases of this area. The price includes the whole system, which includes an irrigator and bags of solution.
  6. Salin. The bottle allows you to use it both as drops and as a spray, just hold it in the desired position. A relatively inexpensive drug for children and adults.

Nasal spray for pregnant women

The period of pregnancy and breastfeeding is often complicated by a runny nose and congestion.

This situation can become a big problem, since most conventional medications are contraindicated for women during this period.

What can pregnant women in their situation do:

Vasoconstrictor drugs based on xylometazoline (Otrivin, Galazolin, Vibrocil). The instructions for use do not contain clear permission for their use by pregnant women. They are prescribed when the benefit to the expectant mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.

This means that if the patient is unable to breathe through her nose at all, then it is better to use these drops than to suffer and aggravate her further condition.

In this case, it is better to choose children's drops, in which the dosage of the active substance is significantly less. Drops based on oxymetazoline (Nazivin and others) are contraindicated for pregnant women.

The use of any drug during pregnancy must be agreed with the attending physician, who will conduct a detailed diagnosis and find out the cause of the problem.

Thus, a banal cold can actually turn out to be a serious sinusitis or frontal sinusitis, and habitual drops can cause complications that will overshadow this happy period.

The pharmaceutical market offers hundreds of different trade names of sprays. It can sometimes be difficult to figure them out on your own.

You need to understand that each individual situation requires its own approach to treatment and there is no best or universal medicine for all cases.

If in doubt, you can always visit a specialist and together choose an adequate and relatively inexpensive method of therapy.

Comparison of nasal sprays: video

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I came to the pharmacy to buy Aqualor, but there was no child's one, they offered AquaMaster as a replacement, a child can start from 1 year old, mine is just 2 years old, I decided to try it, but where to go? When using it, I liked it, a good spray, voluminous spray, quickly makes breathing easier.

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Specialty: Otorhinolaryngologist Work experience: 12 years

Specialty: Otorhinolaryngologist Work experience: 8 years

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