Drug-induced rhinitis is

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Symptoms and treatment of drug-induced rhinitis

Drug-induced rhinitis is a chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa, initiated by prolonged and uncontrolled use of pharmacological drugs to treat a runny nose.

Table of contents:

Unfortunately, along with the widespread use of vasoconstrictor nasal drops and their active use to treat rhinitis symptoms, the number of cases of this disease is constantly growing.

The situation here is simple and understandable. A person has a runny nose. What would most of us do in such a situation? How do we determine the remedy for treatment? Shall we go to an appointment with an ENT doctor? No matter how it is! We will go to the nearest pharmacy, buy nasal drops there and begin to actively treat ourselves.

Vasoconstrictor drugs are extremely effective at first. They relieve swelling of the mucous membrane and quickly clean the nasal canals. But they don’t cure – rhinitis simply recedes. However, not for long. When his symptoms return, we use the miracle spray again.

Even short-term abuse of vasoconstrictor drops can result in a medicated form of rhinitis. That is, we become dependent on the drug used, and our body loses the ability to fight nasal congestion on its own (without constant replenishment of the drug).

Why does the disease develop?

The composition of vasoconstrictor drops includes ephedrine (or its analogues). When treated with such drugs, these substances quickly narrow the nasal vessels.

However, you need to understand that ephedrine suppresses the synthesis of the hormone norepinephrine in our body, which is responsible for regulating the tone of blood vessels. That is, without constant use of the medicine, the vessels lose the ability to narrow and expand on their own.

Drug-induced rhinitis can also occur due to the use of tranquilizers, hormonal drugs and antihypertensive drugs (drugs that lower blood pressure).

Attempts to treat yourself with such medications without prior consultation with a doctor and in violation of the instructions for use of these drugs also contribute to the development of atrophy of the nasal mucosa and vascular dystonia.

Symptoms of the disease

The main symptom is a persistent runny nose and nasal congestion. Normal nasal breathing requires constant use of the drug, which is addictive.

The following symptoms can also be identified:

  • headache;
  • swelling of the nose;
  • partial or complete loss of smell;
  • burning and itching in the nasal passages;
  • bad and restless sleep.

Treatment

The simplest and most effective way to cure rhinitis medicamentosa is to stop taking the drug that is addictive. According to doctors' observations, addiction goes away in one and a half to two weeks. Nasal breathing gradually returns to normal.

However, this method of treatment is possible only if the disease is not old and neglected. In this case, you can’t do without visiting an otolaryngologist.

Remember, only a doctor can choose the methods of counteracting the disease that are suitable specifically for your case, which will allow you to cure a medicinal runny nose in the shortest possible time and without harm to health.

Pharmacological agents

It is necessary to replace the drug that is addictive.

Rhinitis can be treated with drops or sprays based on sea water. These drugs include:

These drugs gently treat the nasal mucosa. They do not irritate her and are not addictive.

You can also treat such a runny nose with intranasal corticosteroids:

Such medications are prescribed exclusively by an ENT doctor.

Surgery

Allows you to treat the most complex and severe cases. Surgical intervention is used when pharmacological methods are no longer effective.

Currently, vasotomy is most often performed. This is the most gentle and effective operation, which is performed within 5-7 minutes under local anesthesia.

There are also:

  • surgical treatment with laser;
  • conchotomy;
  • cryotherapy;
  • turbinoplasty;
  • Septoplasty.

In any case, the choice of surgical intervention method is the prerogative of the doctor.

Folk remedies

The use of traditional medicine also makes it possible to treat drug-induced rhinitis.

Aloe is an indispensable assistant in the fight against this disease. Its juice will quickly and effectively eliminate all negative symptoms of the disease, relieve irritation and restore the nasal mucosa. Aloe juice for a runny nose will help eliminate this pathological condition.

To prepare the product, dilute aloe juice with filtered water in a ratio of 1:2. Drip the medicine 4-5 times a day, 3-5 drops into each nostril.

You can also treat this form of rhinitis with onion juice. We soak cotton or gauze turundas in the squeezed juice and insert them into the nasal canals for 3-5 minutes. For a milder effect, the nostrils should be lubricated with Vaseline.

We can’t help but say about honey. Mix it with water in a 1:1 ratio. Drip 4-5 times a day into each nostril. Adults take 6-7 drops, and children 2-3.

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Before using the information received, consult your doctor.

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Source: http://rinitanet.ru/nasmork/simptomy-lechenie-medicamentoznogo-rinita.html

Drug-induced rhinitis

Rhinitis is the medical name for inflammatory processes that occur for various reasons in the nasal mucosa. The most commonly diagnosed runny nose is of viral origin, resulting from an elementary cold or acute respiratory viral infection.

Inflammation of the nasal structures can also occur due to a bacterial attack, displacement of the nasal septum, or a foreign body entering the nose. Vasomotor, or vascular, disorders are another common circumstance that affects the appearance of nasal congestion. These types of lesions include allergic, hormonal, and neurovegetative rhinitis.

There is also such a type of inflammation of the nasal mucosa as a medicinal or drug-induced runny nose. Why and who develops such a condition, what signs characterize it, we will discuss below. In addition, we will consider the questions: how to prevent and how to treat drug-induced rhinitis.

The essence of the disease

Drug-induced rhinitis occurs as a result of prolonged and illiterate use of nasal medications. A runny nose is such a popular ailment in our country, both in children and adults, that in most cases self-medication is practiced. Contacting a specialist is a waste of time and money, as many people think.

Therefore, if there is excessive nasal discharge, sneezing, or difficulty in nasal breathing, every second person simply buys vasoconstrictor sprays or drops at the pharmacy. In addition to the fact that the choice of drug can be made incorrectly, in an effort to increase the effect, some exceed the dosage and frequency of use.

As a result, side effects may appear, but this is not even the worst thing. With repeated and incorrect use of drugs that have a vasoconstrictor effect, their effect weakens over time, and instead of positive results, even greater swelling of the mucous membrane occurs, nasal congestion increases, and a large amount of nasal discharge is observed.

Most often, such conditions develop as a result of taking hormonal medications and vasoconstrictor drugs, such as Naphthyzin or Naphazolin.

Mechanism of inflammation development

The above products contain active substances that, acting on the receptors of the nasal cavity, narrow the capillaries. Blood flow to the site of inflammation decreases, swelling of the mucous membrane subsides and mucus production decreases. For a certain time, the patient feels relief: nasal breathing is restored, the smells and taste of food are almost fully felt again.

But then the medicine wears off and the symptoms return.

The fact is that many do not take into account the nature of the origin of the initial inflammation of the nasal cavity. This could be allergies, endocrine diseases, viral and bacterial lesions, and many other disorders. A person, who is not a specialist in the field of medicine, uses vasoconstrictors to relieve local symptoms, but does not eliminate the cause of the disease.

In the absence of adequate treatment for a runny nose, inflammation of the mucous membranes becomes chronic. The tone of blood vessels that have lost the ability to constrict on their own is disrupted because they were forced to function for a long time. The body becomes accustomed to the medicine, and gradually the effectiveness of the drug drops to zero.

Signs of drug-induced rhinitis

The patient feels congestion in the nasal passages, resulting in difficulty breathing. Among the key signs of such a runny nose are also:

  • Pressing headaches;
  • Dry mouth;
  • Excessive secretion and accumulation of nasal mucus;
  • Decreased sense of smell;
  • Lack of appetite and loss of taste;
  • Increased fatigue, irritability, poor sleep.

Symptoms of drug-induced rhinitis are a consequence of damage to the ciliated epithelium of the nasal mucosa and tissue metaplasia, in which the tubular structure is transformed into a flat one. Damaged mucous membranes cannot cope with their functions of disinfection and air humidification. Enlarged glands lead to increased capillary permeability and nasal hypersecretion. Swelling of the mucous membrane and congestion of the nasal canals prevent the outflow of mucus, creating an ideal environment for the proliferation of bacteria and the further development of inflammatory processes.

Complications

Considering the above, it is obvious that vasomotor medicinal rhinitis is a dangerous disease that is accompanied by various complications.

Accumulations of mucus and weak outflow of fluid contribute to the formation of purulent inflammations in the nasal and paranasal sinuses - this is how sinusitis, ethmoiditis, and sinusitis arise. Inflammations of the hearing aid, otitis media of various types and degrees of severity, can develop according to the same pattern.

Since the patient is forced to constantly breathe through the mouth, the level of local immunity decreases, foci of inflammation may appear in the oral cavity, touching the trachea, pharynx, and bronchi.

Direct damage to the nasal mucosa in the absence of competent therapy can reach such a high level that sometimes irreversible processes occur. The atrophic or hypertrophic form of rhinitis in many cases requires surgical intervention, and full nasal breathing is restored only with the help of a surgeon.

In addition to possible physiological disorders, such pathology often causes psychological problems. There is such a term as naphthyzine addiction. Those who unsuccessfully fight a drug-induced runny nose experience panic in the absence of their usual medications, increased general anxiety, absent-mindedness, irritability, and memory loss.

Therefore, timely and qualified treatment of drug-induced rhinitis is so important.

Treatment

If you find signs of such a disease, contact an otolaryngologist. Only a specialist can accurately determine the type and nature of inflammation, and know how to get rid of drug-induced rhinitis.

A specific treatment program will be prescribed only based on the results of tests and examinations. In some situations, rhinoscopy (examination of the nasal cavity) is sufficient; in others, it is necessary to perform an endoscopy of the nose, study the nasal secretion product under a microscope, and carry out laboratory blood tests.

The patient’s first task is to refuse vasoconstrictor (or hormonal) drugs that caused the development of the pathology. If the doctor considers it necessary, withdrawal can be carried out according to a relaxed scheme, gradually reducing the dosage.

To successfully get rid of such vasomotor rhinitis, the following medications are prescribed:

  • Antihistamines (Erius, Zyrtec, Tavegil);
  • Glucocorticosteroids (Avamys, Nasonex, Tafen);
  • Vitamin complexes to improve immunity.

To relieve swelling of the mucous membrane that occurs with drug-induced rhinitis, it is imperative to rinse the nasal cavity. For this we use:

  • Herbal decoctions (based on chamomile, calendula, coltsfoot);
  • Saline solution;
  • Medicines such as Dolphin, Aquamaris, Aqualor.

In cases where nasal congestion is accompanied by the formation of crusts and dry mucous membranes, the use of special ointments (hydrocortisone and erythromycin ointment, mash) is recommended. Vegetable oils enriched with vitamins A and E also have a good effect in this regard.

For mild medicinal rhinitis, excellent results are observed through physiotherapy (UVF, acupuncture, electrophoresis).

As general strengthening procedures, patients are shown:

  • Visit to the bathhouse;
  • Swimming;
  • Walks in the open air;
  • Sanatorium treatment;
  • Strengthening the immune system through physical activity, moderate hardening;
  • Maintaining proper nutrition.

If medicinal rhinitis cannot be cured using conservative medicine, surgical methods come into play. The purpose of surgical procedures is to remove excess tissue (in the hypertrophic form of inflammation) or stimulate the mucous membrane (in the atrophic form of rhinitis).

Timely contact with specialists and preventive actions will help reduce the likelihood of such an outcome.

Prevention

Firstly, it is advisable to consult a doctor when using any medications.

Secondly, it is necessary to strictly follow the specific instructions and not exceed the dose and course of treatment.

Remember that the use of nasal vasoconstrictors is prohibited for more than 5-7 days.

Although medicinal rhinitis occurs much less frequently in children than in adults, such a danger cannot be completely excluded. Moreover, given the unstable immunity in childhood and the structural features of the nasopharynx in children. Parents need to exercise utmost caution.

The famous pediatrician and TV presenter Komarovsky advises not to use vasoconstrictor drugs at all in children. For the most successful treatment of a runny nose of any etiology, he recommends rinsing the nasal cavity with saline solution and lubricating the nasal passages with fortified oils. The rest of the treatment should be aimed solely at eliminating the root causes of inflammation, and not at relieving local symptoms.

IMPORTANT! A runny nose is always unpleasant, but don’t rush to get rid of it using all known methods. Temper yourself, eat natural vitamins, play sports, and then your nose will calmly survive infection and even exposure to allergens. But if difficulty breathing and nasal congestion bother you for a long time, do not risk your health, entrust the treatment to professionals.

Symptoms and treatment of nasopharyngitis in adults and children

Details about the treatment of rhinitis, from drugs to folk remedies

Symptoms and treatment of rhinosinusitis

Very useful article about rhinitis medicamentosa. I have suffered from a runny nose for several years now and regularly used vasoconstrictor drops. I was firmly convinced that this was an allergy, and after reading it it dawned on me that perhaps the reason was precisely the abuse of the drops. I went to the doctor, underwent treatment and now I breathe freely, my “allergies” have finally gone away!

Source: http://domlor.ru/vzroslye/medicamentoznyj-rinit.html

Drug-induced rhinitis: causes, signs, how to cure

Drug-induced rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa caused by long-term use of vasoconstrictor drugs or an allergy to their components. This is a special pathology that occurs when a specific reaction of the body develops to the regular introduction of vasoconstrictors into the nasal cavity. The sensitivity of the nose to the drug first decreases and then disappears completely.

Chronic runny nose is a side effect of various medications: contraceptives, antipsychotics, tranquilizers, antihypertensive drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs, vasoconstrictor nasal drops.

Nasal drops and sprays are an integral part of the comprehensive treatment of any respiratory infection. At the beginning of therapy, such drugs quickly eliminate the main symptom of the pathology - nasal congestion. Vasoconstrictor drugs cleanse the nasal passages, reduce swelling of the mucous membrane and significantly facilitate nasal breathing. The first symptoms of the disease are eliminated, and constant, uncontrolled vasodilation occurs - expansion of blood and lymphatic vessels. Over time, their tone decreases, the nasal mucosa swells and then atrophies. Such changes lead to the development of rhinitis. Any medication must be taken strictly according to the instructions and under the supervision of a doctor. Nasal drops and sprays are no exception. If you treat yourself, without medical advice, the outcome of therapy can be disastrous.

Drug abuse makes treatment ineffective. The mucous membrane ceases to function properly, which leads to chronicity of the process and the patient's dependence on the medicine. Swelling and hyperemia of the mucous membrane is a special reaction of the body to uncontrolled use of drugs. In patients, painless formations appear on the dry mucous membrane - polyps, which complicate nasal breathing and completely clog the nose. Their removal is accompanied by acute pain and the appearance of blood. Gradually, the inside of the nose becomes a large and bleeding wound. The disease lasts for years or even decades in most patients. Getting rid of such a problem is quite difficult.

Experienced otolaryngologists treat drug-induced rhinitis. They carry out conservative or surgical therapy. Drug-induced rhinitis in children occurs in the same way as in adults, but it is much more difficult to cure. The child does not understand why he cannot use a remedy that brings relief and allows him to breathe freely. It is better to prevent the occurrence of this problem: harden the child’s body, often walk in the fresh air, strengthen the immune system.

Etiology

The main cause of drug-induced rhinitis is long-term use of vasoconstrictor nasal medications that eliminate unpleasant symptoms, or an allergic reaction to their components. Their frequent and uncontrolled use first leads to atrophy and dysfunction of the nasal mucosa, and ends with the development of rhinitis of drug origin.

Many people believe that a runny nose is not a disease, but a mild ailment that can be easily treated with any nasal spray. Patients are in no hurry to visit a doctor and go to the nearest pharmacy. The use of vasoconstrictor drops day after day leads to the development of dependence and pathological changes in the nasal cavity. The disease is based on the “rebound symptom”, the meaning of which is as follows: the blood vessels no longer narrow, but begin to expand, causing edema and swelling of the mucous membrane. Over time, the symptoms of the disease become obvious. A person cannot do without his favorite bottle of nasal drops and cope with chronic pathology on his own. Nasal drops suppress the production of its own vasoconstrictor substance, norepinephrine, and the body ceases to independently maintain the tone of the nasal vessels. Time is lost, and the disease progresses.

Drug-induced rhinitis can be considered one of the varieties of allergic or vasomotor rhinitis. The mucous membrane reacts in a special way to long-term use of certain medications. It is important to promptly identify and promptly treat allergies.

Symptoms

Nasal congestion and rhinorrhea are the main symptoms of drug-induced rhinitis. Nasal breathing first becomes difficult and then impossible without the use of vasoconstrictor drops.

The disease also manifests itself:

  • Migraine-like pain
  • Decreased olfactory sensations
  • The appearance of copious watery discharge,
  • Tickling and itching in the nose,
  • Dryness and tingling of the mucous membranes,
  • Insomnia,
  • The appearance of snoring
  • Difficulty breathing,
  • swelling of the nose,
  • Redness or blueness of the skin of the nose,
  • Tearing and sneezing,
  • Irritability,
  • Hypertension,
  • Tachycardia,
  • Pressing pain in the heart.

If such symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor and begin treatment. Clinical signs intensify in the evenings, when motor activity decreases and the tone of capillaries and arterioles reflexively decreases.

During an examination of the nasal cavity, the ENT doctor notes hyperemia and swelling of the mucous membrane with noticeable hemorrhages, transformation of the ciliated epithelium into squamous epithelium, hyperproduction of mucous gland secretions, and increased permeability of blood and lymphatic vessels. The capillaries become brittle, and the mucous membrane thins and atrophies.

When taking medications for a long time, it is important not to miss the first warning signs of the disease.

Complications of medicinal rhinitis:

  1. Increased blood pressure,
  2. Cardiovascular diseases,
  3. Endocrine pathologies,
  4. Sinusitis.

Diagnosis and treatment

Diagnosis and treatment of the disease is carried out by otolaryngologists. They listen to patients' complaints, conduct a thorough examination of the nasal cavity, and send nasal and throat discharge to a microbiological laboratory for bacteriological examination. Differential diagnosis is carried out with allergic and vasomotor rhinitis. For this, instrumental methods are used - radiographic, tomographic, endoscopic, microscopic examination of the nasopharynx.

Treatment of medicinal rhinitis is complex, including conservative therapy, general stimulating and sanitary procedures, physiotherapeutic methods, and, if necessary, surgical intervention and the use of folk remedies. This is a long and complex process that requires time and patience. The first thing the specialist will recommend is to completely stop using drops. This is not easy to do, because they make breathing easier and improve your condition immediately after use. In particularly severe cases, the dose may be reduced gradually. Taking antihistamines will make the process of weaning off the medication easier.

General recommendations

Experts recommend starting treatment for medicinal rhinitis with hardening the body and strengthening the immune system. In some cases, this may be enough to fix the problem. Patients are shown:

  1. Spa treatment,
  2. Trips to the mountains
  3. Swimming,
  4. Daily, long walks in the fresh air.

This will help increase the body's overall resistance and improve the regenerative ability of the nasal mucosa.

Before starting drug therapy for rhinitis, you should stop using vasoconstrictor drugs. If patients endure 2-3 weeks without drops or replace them with more gentle ones, the dependence and symptoms of the pathology disappear, and nasal breathing is completely restored.

Experts advise gradually reducing the dosage or replacing your drops with softer ones - “Vibrocil”, drops based on sea water: “Aquamaris”. Adult drops can be replaced with children's drops, for example, Otrivin Baby. The active components of these drugs do not irritate the mucous membrane, tone blood vessels and make treatment more effective.

Pharmacological treatment

Drug therapy includes:

  • Rinsing the nose with antiseptics and saline solutions - “Aquamaris”, “Humer”, “Physiomer”, solution of “Furacilin”, “Dioxidine”;
  • Lubricating the nose - “Oxolinic ointment”, “Hydrocortisone ointment”, “Lorizan”;
  • Desensitizing therapy – “Diazolin”, “Zodak”, “Suprastin”;
  • Use of nasal glucocorticosteroids “Tafen”, “Flixonase”, “Nazofan”;
  • Immunomodulatory therapy - “IRS-19”, “Derinat”;
  • Homeopathy - “Sinupret”, “Euphorbium Compositum”.

"Avamys" is the most popular glucocorticosteroid drug, produced in the form of a spray. It has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect, gradually improving nasal breathing. "Avamys" has a pronounced therapeutic effect against the background of rarely occurring side effects.

The duration of treatment with endonasal steroids is 1 month. If conservative therapy is ineffective, proceed to surgical treatment.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapeutic methods that have proven themselves in the fight against medicinal rhinitis:

The listed methods, in combination with the gradual abandonment of vasoconstrictor drugs, lead to the patient’s complete recovery. To speed up the healing process, patients are advised to perform a variety of breathing exercises daily.

Surgery

Currently, rhinitis medicamentosa can be treated surgically. Surgery is resorted to in cases where conservative treatment has not been effective. If there are irreversible changes in the nasal mucosa, surgery will help the patient regain health and easy nasal breathing.

Main types of operations:

  1. Laser cauterization,
  2. Shaver vasotomy,
  3. Conchotomy,
  4. Cryotherapy,
  5. Septoplasty and turbinoplasty,
  6. Traditional vasotomy.

The surgical intervention is aimed at removing blood plexuses in the submucosal layer, restoring nasal breathing, and relieving the patient of rhinitis. Radio wave and laser vasotomy are the most popular and gentle operations. During tissue dissection, coagulation of blood vessels occurs, which significantly reduces the risk of bleeding in the postoperative period.

Palliative treatment of medicinal rhinitis consists of increasing the diameter of the nasal passages by reducing the nasal ridges or turbinates in volume. This minor operation improves nasal breathing. It is performed using different methods: using ultrasound, laser, mechanical or electrical influence.

Alternative therapy

Traditional medicines cope well with the symptoms of rhinitis. They do not irritate the mucous membrane and do not cause complications. Folk remedies can be used independently, without the use of any medications, or to supplement the main treatment of the disease.

Folk remedies that eliminate inflammation in the nose:

  • Aloe juice relieves clinical signs of the disease and restores the nasal mucosa. Juice is squeezed out of aloe leaves, diluted with water and dropped into the nose.
  • Aloe extract is mixed with olive oil, gauze flagella are moistened in the resulting product and inserted briefly into the nose.
  • Honey is diluted with water and the resulting composition is instilled into each nasal passage daily. This remedy reduces inflammation and eliminates the symptoms of rhinitis.
  • Mix honey, sea buckthorn oil and aloe juice in equal proportions and drop them into the nose three times a day.
  • A mixture of essential oils helps overcome the disease. To do this, take peach, rose hip, sea buckthorn, eucalyptus oil and moisten the flagella in the resulting mixture.
  • Rinsing the nose with chamomile or beetroot infusion helps relieve swelling. The raw materials are poured with boiling water and infused. Rinse your nose with the strained mixture.
  • It is useful to breathe in the vapors of chopped garlic and onions.
  • Cloves have a good therapeutic effect. Cloves are poured with boiling water, infused and the product is instilled into the nose.

To get rid of the disease quickly and without consequences, it is necessary to follow the recommendations of doctors and coordinate the traditional medicine recipes used with them. Self-medication can lead to exacerbation of the disease.

Source: http://uhonos.ru/nos/bolezni-nosa/medicamentoznyj-rinit/

Treatment of drug-induced rhinitis. How to cure addiction?

A runny nose can occur at absolutely any time of the year, and then most people are saved from painful nasal congestion with the help of popular vasoconstrictors, the abuse of which can cause the development of medicinal rhinitis.

In this case, patients become constant hostages of droplets, without which the nose completely refuses to breathe.

Therefore, everyone who at least sometimes turns to vasoconstrictors for help should be aware of their downside.

And also be able to recognize the signs of medicinal or medicinal rhinitis in time and understand how to cope with the insidious disease.

What is a drug-induced runny nose?

Drug-induced rhinitis is one of the types of vasomotor rhinitis that occurs as a result of exceeding the dosage and duration of use of vasoconstrictors. According to ICD 10, he received code J30.0.

Most often, drugs of the first generation cause addiction: Naphthyzin, Galazolin, Tizin, Farmazolin, etc. Therefore, there is even a term “naphthyzine addiction”, which is synonymous with medicinal rhinitis.

Causes of drug-induced rhinitis

The most common cause of the development of pathology is exceeding the dose, frequency and duration of taking vasoconstrictor drops and nasal sprays.

As a result, special receptors (adrenoreceptors) stop responding to the hormone produced by the body (norepinephrine), which is responsible for vasoconstriction, and become susceptible only to the active substance of the drug used.

The consequence of this is constant (chronic) nasal congestion, which can only be eliminated by a new infusion of the previously used drug.

Sometimes a drug-induced runny nose is a consequence of taking drugs that do not directly affect the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity, for example, medications for high blood pressure.

However, when taken for a long time, they can provoke persistent dilation of the vessels of the nasal mucosa and thereby cause symptoms of drug-induced rhinitis.

Symptoms and signs of drug-induced rhinitis

The main manifestations of the disease are:

  • having a runny nose for a long period of time;
  • the presence of nasal congestion that cannot be eliminated without the use of drops;
  • dry mucous membranes;
  • the formation of crusts, the removal of which becomes more painful as the pathology progresses and is more often accompanied by bleeding;
  • presence of headaches and sleep disturbances;
  • deterioration of smell.

The presence of symptoms is not affected by the time of year or the cessation of plant flowering.

If you do not intervene in time, the patient’s condition will worsen and the mucosal cells will die.

Diagnostics

Sometimes it is very difficult to differentiate between chronic medicinal rhinitis and allergic rhinitis only on the basis of existing symptoms.

The main factor in accurately determining the cause of the patient's condition is the use of local vasoconstrictors for a long time or at least on the eve of the development of permanent nasal congestion.

  1. thickened and hyperemic (reddened, swollen);
  2. pale;
  3. with areas of hemorrhage.

The otolaryngologist may also prescribe a number of additional tests to eliminate any doubts about the accuracy of the diagnosis.

As a rule, patients are recommended to take allergy tests, a smear for bacteriological examination and consult an allergist and neurologist in order to exclude the possibility of developing allergies, chronic bacterial infections and vegetative-vascular dystonia.

Treatment of medicinal rhinitis: all methods

The doctor determines how to treat the disease only after the final diagnosis and the degree of its severity.

In mild cases, patients are advised to be patient and simply refuse to use traditional drops, despite their desire.

This method requires endurance and willpower, so few people can get rid of their existing addiction with its help. To make the task easier:

  • use of traditional medicine;
  • exercise therapy (physical therapy).

If you cannot cope with the problem on your own, the otolaryngologist may recommend:

  • taking a number of certain medications;
  • physiotherapeutic procedures;
  • surgical intervention.

Particular attention is paid to how to treat medicinal rhinitis during pregnancy, since any interventions during such a crucial period can provoke a malfunction of the body.

Therefore, the fight against dependence on drops in expectant mothers is carried out only under the strict supervision of an otolaryngologist.

Pharmacology

Most often, treatment begins with a gradual reduction in dose or changing the drug to another containing a completely different active substance.

For example, if addiction has developed to Naphthyzin, choose a medication based on xylometazoline (Xylo-Mefa, Tizin Xylo, Xylen, Otrivin) or oxymetazoline (Nazol, Noxprey, Nazivin, Nesopin).

What drugs will be used, the frequency of their administration and the dose depend on many factors, but mainly on the age and severity of drug-induced rhinitis.

Most often, patients are prescribed hormonal nasal drops for drug-induced rhinitis:

Drugs of this kind help eliminate swelling of the mucous membrane, but their mechanism of action differs from that characteristic of vasoconstrictors.

Moreover, the hormones themselves are not addictive, so they can be used for a long time.

But it is not recommended to start taking them on your own, since only an experienced doctor will be able to choose the right medicine and dose, taking into account the condition of the mucous membrane and existing concomitant pathologies.

Patients should also rinse their nose with saline solutions daily and engage in exercise therapy. As a supplement to the main treatment, it is recommended to take homeopathic medicines.

Physiotherapy

Treatment of drug-induced rhinitis is not complete without physiotherapeutic procedures. Patients are recommended:

Surgery

Surgery is a last resort that is used only when other methods have failed.

Conchotomy, the purpose of which is to remove the nasal ridges located at the beginning of the nasal passages, with a laser, scalpel or by ultrasonic disintegration.

The method allows you to get rid of discomfort and congestion, but it does not affect the root causes of the development of pathology, since it only involves the expansion of the nasal passages.

Laser cauterization of mucous membranes. The method is effective in moderate cases and allows you to completely cure the disease.

Its essence is the local “evaporation” of damaged areas of the mucous membrane, as a result of which healthy tissue is gradually formed in their place.

Treatment with folk remedies at home

To increase the effectiveness of drug treatment or when using the volitional method, you can resort to folk remedies that are easy to prepare at home.

They also help reduce discomfort caused by withdrawal from vasoconstrictor drops.

It is important that the water temperature does not exceed 55°C. Place 2-3 drops of oil into the container and breathe in warm water vapor for 15-20 minutes.

The procedure is carried out once a day. You can replace the method and enhance its effect by going to the bathhouse with the same essential oils.

How to treat drug-induced rhinitis in a child

Drug-induced rhinitis, the symptoms and treatment of which in children are similar to those in adults, develops much less frequently in children, which is most likely due to the fact that parents strictly monitor the accuracy of drug dosing.

Children, as well as adults, may be recommended to use:

But when treating children, you need to be especially careful with traditional recipes, since many of their ingredients can provoke the development of allergies in a child.

Possible complications and consequences

Drug-induced rhinitis itself is unpleasant, but as it progresses, the dose and number of doses of the drug increase, as a result of which the patient may require more than one bottle of medication per day. This certainly affects the budget.
  • patients may increasingly suffer from severe headaches that do not go away overnight and become even more intense in the morning;
  • the quality of sleep deteriorates, since nasal congestion prevents you from resting peacefully, so a person often wakes up at night and is forced to administer a new dose of medication;
  • snoring appears;
  • there is a decrease in immunity due to constant lack of sleep and a decrease in the natural protection of the nasal passages;
  • the sense of smell deteriorates, since in advanced cases, along with the cells of the mucous membrane, the receptors responsible for the perception of odors also die;
  • Disturbances in the functioning of the endocrine, cardiovascular and other body systems may develop.

Only the doctor decides what to do in such cases, but most often in such situations only surgical intervention can save the situation.

Therefore, in order to prevent the development of complications and unpleasant consequences, you should contact an ENT specialist when the first signs of drug addiction appear.

Prevention

To avoid the development of drug-induced rhinitis, you should strictly follow the instructions for use.

It is important not to use the chosen medicine for longer than indicated in the annotation, and to administer the strictly recommended amount of the medicine for patients of each age category as many times a day as the manufacturer advises.

You should not completely abandon vasoconstrictor drugs, since in many cases they do more good than harm.

If there is a need for more frequent and prolonged use than recommended by the instructions, you can consult a doctor or replace them by rinsing your nose with saline solutions.

Reviews

As soon as one of them ran out, I immediately ran to the pharmacy for a new one. But the constant nasal drops were very exhausting, and I decided to make an appointment with an ENT specialist.

In my case, conservative treatment was unsuccessful and I had to undergo laser surgery. But after this manipulation, the condition improved, and now I’m unlikely to ever decide to use Naphthyzin again. Osana, 27 years old

After completing the course, my condition was not ideal, but far from the same as in the last few months, when I was on vasoconstrictors. After another couple of months, the nose returned to full normality. Konstantin, 35 years old

Then we decided not to self-medicate anymore and went to a pediatric ENT specialist. It turned out that the reason for this was tachyphylaxis (addiction) to naphazoline, the ENT specialist prescribed us Sinupret and Nasonex.

At first it was hard, because my daughter constantly asked to take Sanorin drops, but then the swelling began to go away and gradually everything returned to normal. Osana, 42 years old

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Specialty: Otorhinolaryngologist Work experience: 12 years

Specialty: Otorhinolaryngologist Work experience: 8 years

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Treatment of drug-induced rhinitis

Drug-induced rhinitis is a complex disease caused by addiction to drops. The disorder is characterized by constant nasal congestion, and the patient may complain of frequent sputum production, burning and itching. It is difficult to cure the disease, since the addiction that has already arisen simply does not allow the use of traditional remedies to eliminate the symptoms of rhinitis. Most often, the disorder occurs in those patients who prefer to be treated independently, without seeking advice from a therapist. If, due to self-medication or for other reasons, a diagnosis of medicinal rhinitis has been made, treatment must begin from the first day.

Treatment of drug-induced rhinitis

Reasons for the formation of drug-induced rhinitis

Today, there are three main reasons why a patient may experience drug-induced rhinitis:

  • decreased vascular tone due to suppression of the synthesis of ephedrine and substances that have a similar effect, because of this, permeability decreases and sputum begins to be constantly produced;
  • the atrophic condition of the mucous tissue of the nasal cavity, as well as the pathological dilation of nasal vessels, occurs due to the use of Naphthyzin and similar medications;
  • the formation of vascular dystonia of the nasal cavity, which causes a decrease in the resistance of vascular tissues and leads to rapid addiction to any vasoconstrictor agents.

What is medicinal rhinitis

Attention! Drug-induced rhinitis can also be provoked by reasons such as prolonged use of antihypertensive drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormones and tranquilizers of all types.

First aid for medicinal rhinitis

No matter how trivial it may sound, but first the patient will need to completely abandon any nasal drops. It makes no difference what active substance you used the medication with. Typically, in 60-70% of patients, if they have not taken treatment with vasoconstrictor drops for more than 12 weeks, nasal breathing completely improves on its own without medical intervention. The recovery period will take about a day. If this technique does not give the desired result, treatment with complete antagonists of vasoconstrictor drops is necessary.

How does rhinitis medicamentosa occur?

Attention! The longer the patient takes vasoconstrictor drops, the more difficult it is for him to restore nasal breathing. Typically, drug-induced rhinitis occurs in adult patients, they make up 85-95% of all patients. This ratio is due to the fact that when treating children, parents usually strictly follow the instructions, which cannot be said when treating adults.

Nasonex against medicinal rhinitis

It is recommended to take this medication at the same time as Loratadine; it is in this combination that it shows the fastest and best possible results. Nasonex refers to hormonal drugs created to suppress prolonged runny nose and nasal congestion, including those of an allergic nature. The main active ingredient of the drug is mometasone.

Nasonex is designed to suppress long-term runny nose and nasal congestion.

The dosage of the drug should be selected for each patient individually, taking into account the duration of use of vasoconstrictor drops and the complexity of the general condition. The classic dosage for the treatment of medicinal rhinitis is 2 injections into each nostril once a day. After the onset of relief and removal of acute symptoms, it is recommended to reduce the dosage of the active substance to 1 injection into each nasal passage, also once a day. The duration of therapy is 2-4 weeks.

Attention! Nasonex should not be used for severe injuries to the nose or after surgery, when the wound has not yet healed and formed a smooth surface or scar. When using the spray, you should also exclude any infections of the nasal cavity.

Avamys against medicinal rhinitis

Avamis is used only after consultation with a specialist

The drug is a nasal spray of a homogeneous dense white substance. The main active ingredient of the product is fluticasone, which has an anti-inflammatory, soothing and moisturizing effect. Avamis is an artificially created hormonal drug and is used only after consultation with a specialist.

Taking into account the severity of nasal congestion and the manifestation of medicinal rhinitis, it is recommended that in the acute stage it is recommended to instill two doses of the active substance into each nostril. After acute symptoms are relieved, the amount of Avamis is reduced to one spray in each nostril. The duration of therapy for the treatment of medicinal rhinitis usually does not exceed 2-4 weeks. Do not use if there are fungi and bacteria in the nasal cavity.

Tafen Nasal for medicinal rhinitis

Nasal spray Tafen Nasal

The medicine appeared on the shelves of our pharmacies not so long ago, but has already managed to show its effectiveness in the treatment of rhinitis, including those caused by the use of vasoconstrictor drops. The main active ingredient of the drug is budesonide. This component has a general anti-inflammatory and calming effect, is a local hormone, and rarely affects the human hormonal system when used correctly.

Taking into account the severity of symptoms, Tafen Nasal should be taken twice a day, two injections into each nostril during the acute period of treatment of rhinitis and one injection after relieving severe inflammation. The duration of therapy is determined separately for each patient, but it cannot be more than 12 weeks. Typically, it takes no more than four weeks to suppress drug-induced rhinitis and restore nasal breathing. Do not use if there are fungi and bacteria in the nasal cavity.

Homeopathic remedies for rhinitis medicamentosa

Cinnabsin

Homeopathic medicine Cinnabsin

A drug with combined effects. When used, it significantly reduces inflammation and conductivity of the nasal mucosa and blood vessels. Available in the form of lozenges. When treating adult patients, it is recommended to take 1 tablet every hour, but not more than 12 per day, until the acute period is over. After this, treatment involves using 1 tablet no more than three times a day until complete recovery. Take the tablets 30 minutes before or after meals. Duration of treatment is 2-4 weeks.

Kameton

This homeopathic medicine comes in the form of an aerosol to be sprayed into the nose. The main active ingredients of the product are chlorobutanol, camphor and menthol. Cameton can also be used as an inhalation if drug-induced rhinitis has caused irritation of the larynx or its swelling. For treatment, you need to spray the product with one press in the mouth or nose in each nostril. The medication should be sprayed strictly during the inhalation phase. For the best effect in the acute stage, Cameton can be sprayed into the mouth 2 times in one session.

Nux Vomica

Nux Vomica

When treating medicinal rhinitis, this drug is used in the form of peas, which should be taken strictly before going to bed. The dosage of Nux Vomica tablets may vary, but usually it is three peas. Treatment is continued for three days, after which discontinuation of the drug is required. This medicine belongs to homeopathic medicine, but at the same time it has a strong effect on the body, and therefore cannot be used without prescription by the attending physician.

Attention! Usually, when using homeopathic medicines, experts do not recommend using any other drops or preparations. Therefore, when prescribing them, you should more fully clarify your course of treatment and the dose of active substances in the case of their combination.

Traditional recipes against medicinal rhinitis

Attention! At the initial stage of treatment, when complete abolition of any medications is practiced, folk remedies are not prohibited and can speed up the patient’s recovery. In severe cases of drug-induced rhinitis, homemade medications can only be used in combination with pharmaceutical ones, unless there are contraindications. In addition to the remedies described, the nose can also be washed with regular saline solution no more than 3 times, so as not to provoke otitis media.

Surgical treatment of drug-induced rhinitis

The decision to perform surgical intervention is used only in severe and advanced cases, when a combination of hormonal agents and other methods have not given the desired result. During surgery, the specialist trims the so-called “ridges” at the lower nasal passages. This allows you to significantly increase the size of the nasal sinuses, which restores nasal breathing to normal volume. During the operation, the surgeon, taking into account his qualifications and the equipment of the clinic, can use a traditional surgical scalpel or use ultrasonic disintegration and a laser, which is used to perform photodestruction.

Examination for drug-induced rhinitis before surgery

Attention! The latter two methods are considered safer and less invasive. When using ultrasound and laser, the patient is not at high risk of infection, severe bleeding, and the recovery period is much shorter than with traditional surgery.

If you experience a runny nose, you should not immediately seek help from vasoconstrictor drops. First, you need to try to improve your condition with warm salt compresses, inhalations and aromatherapy. If improvement does not occur within the first two days, only mild vasoconstrictor drops should be used. In this case, it is better to choose those medications that have an additional moisturizing effect. If the exact instructions for their use are followed, drug-induced rhinitis occurs only in a small percentage of patients.

Video - How to get rid of vasoconstrictor sprays for a runny nose

Video - Cryomucosotomy for rhinitis medicamentosa

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