Combined cough medicine

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List of the most effective medicines and cough preparations

Cough medicine is selected primarily depending on the type of cough. Therefore, the choice of a remedy that helps with cough depends on the goals that need to be achieved during therapy.

Table of contents:

Antitussive drugs represent an extensive list that have different effects on the body and have a high effect in the treatment of cough in adults and young patients.

Do not think that one group of drugs is good cough medicine, and another is bad. When deciding what to take as therapy for a cough, the type of cough is first taken into account.

Types of cough

Before treating a cough, it is necessary to determine what type of problem is being dealt with.

There are two types of cough:

  1. Productive. In this case, sputum secreted by the bronchi and containing dead cells and pathogenic microorganisms is discharged. The secret also contains a number of substances that destroy pathogens. Thus, when coughing, the respiratory system is cleansed and the resolution of the disease is accelerated. Productive coughing indicates the beginning of the healing process. At this time, the body is helped by prescribing drugs that enhance sputum production and facilitate its removal.
  2. Unproductive. It is also called dry. In this case, sputum is not produced and, accordingly, is not excreted. Coughing is caused by irritation of dry airways, which is why it is also called a reflex cough. Severe unproductive coughing attacks can lead to increased pressure inside the capillaries of the respiratory organs and their ruptures. With such a cough, you need to take drugs that suppress attacks.

In each individual case, the best medicine for cough is the remedy corresponding to the phase of the disease and the course of the process.

The choice of drug is also influenced by the reasons causing the cough symptom.

What are the groups of cough medications?

Medicines that treat conditions ranging from coughing to severe attacks are divided into the following groups:

  1. Drugs that block the cough center of the medulla oblongata. May contain narcotic substances, such as Codeine and Ethylmorphine. Given the fact that these drugs simultaneously depress the respiratory center, which often leads to dangerous complications, they are currently not used in therapy. Therefore, non-narcotic drugs from this group are mainly used to treat cough. Any drug from this group blocks the passage of a nerve impulse from alveoli irritated by inflammation to parts of the central nervous system, which leads to suppression of the cough reflex.
  2. Bronchodilators. Relieves spastic tension in the muscles of the respiratory apparatus, expands the lumen of the respiratory tract. This group includes a large number of drugs from other pharmacological groups that have a similar effect. Therefore, you can often see how a doctor prescribes desensitizing agents, corticosteroids and other substances to ease breathing and relieve cough spasms.
  3. Preparations with mucolytic action. A distinctive feature of these products is the ability to reduce the viscosity of sputum, making it more liquid and easier to cough up, without increasing its volume.
  4. Medicines with expectorant action. Such substances facilitate and accelerate the cleansing of the bronchi from excess secretion secreted by them.
  5. Substances that relieve inflammation in the respiratory system. Drugs that suppress the inflammatory process thus eliminate the very cause of the cough.
  6. Combined medications. They contain a number of substances that act on various parts of the mechanism of its appearance. They often complement and enhance each other’s effects.

Combination drugs

This is where combination medications come to the rescue. Effective treatment can only be obtained if the combination cough remedy is chosen correctly.

Combination cough medications may include active principles that affect various symptoms of the disease. Also, in order to quickly cure a cough, they use products that contain various groups of expectorant substances, for example, mucolytic substances and expectorants.

The most common combinations are:

  1. One medicine contains several expectorants. This combination produces a powerful drug that treats even a very severe cough in an adult. The advantage of such drugs is that a lower dosage of active principles is used for therapy, but the effect is much higher. Representatives of this group of drugs: Bronchipret, Pertussin, Bronchofit and others.
  2. The combination of expectorant and mucolytic principles, as, for example, in Bronchosan, allows you to quickly cure a severe cough.
  3. Supplementation of antitussive substances with expectorant additives is used extremely rarely. Usually in such combinations they use a fairly strong remedy to eliminate coughing attacks. Relief usually occurs within the first hour after administration. But such an effective medicine can only be taken during the first two to three days of a viral infection! Even the best drugs from this group, if taken for a longer period of time, will lead to severe complications of the disease! Therefore, from the third day of manifestation of a viral respiratory tract infection, you should switch to monotherapy with expectorants. Representatives of this combined group are Codesan, Stoptussin, Glycodin.
  4. Drugs that suppress the cough reflex and mucolytics in one drug are used extremely rarely. If you start taking such medications on your own, you can very quickly lead your body to develop lung flooding syndrome, because... a large amount of liquefied sputum in the absence of a cough reflex will already pose a great threat.
  5. A combination of cough components and substances belonging to other groups. Such drugs are selected taking into account the etiology of the disease. Thus, drugs containing antibiotics and cough suppressants will be effective for the treatment of pneumonia. Antitussives in combination with bronchodilators are used for bronchial asthma and bronchiolitis. Medicines containing antihistamines will help stop coughs of allergic etiology.

Despite the fact that combination drugs are the most effective cough remedies, their use in therapy is quite difficult. It is not always possible to select a medicine so that all components are ideally suited to the symptoms of a particular patient. Also, the dosage of medicinal substances in a combination drug may not correspond to that required for individual treatment. Monotherapy is more convenient in terms of adjusting the single and daily dose of necessary substances.

If the composition of the medicine is chosen incorrectly, then even the most effective substances will not only not help, but may also aggravate the course of the disease.

Basic principles of selection

When trying to choose the most effective cough medicines, there are several important rules to remember and follow:

  1. Don't forget that cough suppressants depend on the type of cough! You should not take medications that dilute bronchial secretions or expectorants for a dry cough! Also, you should not take medications that include cough suppressants in case of a productive process.
  2. Do not forget about the side effects of any medications. When deciding what is best to choose for treatment, from drugs of equal effect, choose those that do not have serious complications and side effects.
  3. You also need to remember about contraindications. When reading the instructions, be sure to pay attention to this point, and then you will know exactly what you can drink, taking into account concomitant diseases, and what you cannot.
  4. Don't judge the quality of a drug by its price. Cheap medicines do not mean they are bad. Often, an inexpensive domestic product has a higher effect than its expensive counterparts. In most cases, imported medicines have exorbitant prices just for using a famous brand in the name. Also, prices in different pharmacies can also vary significantly.
  5. Buy medicines from manufacturers known to you and already verified.

Do not self-medicate your cough! All medications should be prescribed only by a doctor, taking into account the etiology of the disease, cough productivity, the presence of other symptoms and concomitant diseases.

Dosage forms

Medicinal substances used to treat cough can be produced in various forms, in which the drug acts on the body most effectively.

Pills

Medicines in tablets are simple and easy to use.

The most commonly used in cough treatment are:

  • Mukaltin. Used for productive cough. Liquefies bronchial secretions and promotes coughing. An effective medicine for productive cough in adults and children.
  • Ambroxol. A strong remedy that helps with severe wet cough. It is perfectly combined with antibacterial therapy and anti-inflammatory drugs, enhancing their effect. This drug can even be given to small children to drink.
  • Falimint. This cough remedy is suitable for adults and children over 4 years of age. Helps relieve unproductive cough attacks.

Syrups

Examples:

  1. Syrup Doctor Mom. Helps easily relieve symptoms of a number of respiratory diseases. Has an expectorant effect.
  2. Plantain syrup. Transforms dry cough into sputum form, speeds up recovery. Can be prescribed to small children.
  3. Bronholitin. Suppresses the cough center. The drug is taken to quickly relieve cough symptoms. Quickly expands the lumen of the bronchi, effectively relieves inflammatory swelling of the mucous membranes. Children can be prescribed starting from 3 years of age.

Drops

When diluted with water, even small children can easily take the drops. Pleasant to the taste and with a mild odor, the drops will be easy to give to even the most capricious children. Medicines available in the form of drops are easy to dose.

Examples:

  1. Ammonia-anise cough drops, Gedelix, Bronchipret, Chest cough drops and Bronchosan will cure productive cough in adults and children.
  2. Stoptussin and Sinekod are effective cough drops without sputum production or discharge. They will help relieve a convulsive cough attack. These drugs should not be taken in parallel with antibiotic treatment.

Aerosols and inhalations

The dosage form is very simple and easy to use. To calm a cough using inhalation, just breathe through a nebulizer. You can also treat a cough using various sprays. Such preparations should be sprayed at inhalation height. This dosage form will help soften a cough without phlegm.

Examples:

  1. Bioparox. An excellent drug that helps in the treatment of the upper respiratory tract, containing an antibiotic.
  2. Chlorophyllipt, Faringosept. Helps well with non-productive cough. Substances that soothe inflammation also moisturize the mucous membranes, thereby eliminating the prerequisites for the occurrence of a reflex cough attack.

Sometimes parents are lost and don’t know what to do or how to help their child with a severe cough. Meanwhile, the use of various warming ointments for coughs has proven itself very well for many decades.

Examples:

  1. Ointment Doctor Mom. A good remedy to relieve a cough attack. Not knowing how to soften an attack in very young children, you can safely use this cough suppressant. Should not be used at high body temperature, because the warming effect of the ointment may increase hyperthermia.
  2. Vishnevsky ointment. Excellent in helping to calm a cough for three hours. A universal remedy will help out when you don’t know what to do if there are no other medications at hand. The ointment is applied to the bandage in a thin layer and, applied to the chest, remains on the skin for no more than three hours. The top of such a compress must be insulated. The ointment does not have a warming effect, but it helps with coughs.

Powders and effervescent tablets

General Tips

To get the best treatment results, you should follow some simple rules:

  1. Let your doctor decide what to drink for your cough. Self-medication rarely produces positive results. In the best case, the disease goes into “sleep mode” and very slowly continues its destructive activity. Find out from your doctor what medicine you should take for cough, as well as the dosage and frequency of administration during the day.
  2. You can cure a cough in an adult or child only by eliminating the disease that causes such a symptom.
  3. You should not ask your pharmacist how to treat a cough in a child or adult. Any employee of a pharmacy chain is not a competent person in the question of how to cure a particular disease.
  4. The most effective remedy will help get rid of a cough only if the patient breathes clean, cool air with sufficient humidity, and also drinks enough water daily.
  5. You should never self-prescribe medications that suppress the cough reflex. This is a purely medical prerogative, and in order not to harm yourself, there is no need to encroach on it.
  6. Even if you decide to supplement your treatment with traditional medicine, be sure to ask your doctor for permission. The doctor must determine the compatibility of traditional methods with prescribed medications, determine the suitability of the method for the patient’s condition, and also indicate the exact dosages of herbs and the method of their preparation.

Side effects when taking this medicine should be minor, and there should be no individual idiosyncrasy to the components of the medicine.

Test: Which cough medicine is best for you?

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A test that will allow you to determine which cough medicine is best for you.

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Syrups:

Bronholitin syrup - perfect for treating dry cough in children (Average cost in a pharmacy is 100 rubles)

Paxeladin syrup is an analogue of the above product, but in a different price category (Average cost in a pharmacy is 250 rubles)

Pills:

Stoptussin - excellent and inexpensive cough tablets for children (Average price in a pharmacy is 110 rubles)

Sinekod - excellent tablets for dry cough for children (Average price in pharmacies 200 rubles)

Glauvent is also a very good tablet for cough treatment (Average price in pharmacies is 250 rubles)

Sprays:

Ingalipt is an excellent and inexpensive cough spray for children (Average price in a pharmacy is 60 rubles)

Faringosept is also a very good cough spray (Average price in a pharmacy is 110 rubles)

Tantum Verde is an excellent drug in the form of a spray, in a high price category (Average price in pharmacies is 300 rubles)

Syrups and drops:

Stoptussin syrup - perfect for treating dry cough in adolescents and adults (Average cost in a pharmacy is 150 rubles)

Sinekod drops are also an excellent product, but in a different price category (Average cost in a pharmacy is 350 rubles)

Pills:

Mucaltin - excellent and inexpensive cough tablets (Average price in a pharmacy is 50 rubles)

Sinekod - this excellent drug is also sold in tablet form (Average price in pharmacies is 150 rubles)

Solutan is also a very good cough tablet (Average price in pharmacies is 200 rubles)

Sprays:

Inhalipt is an excellent and inexpensive cough spray (Average price in a pharmacy is 60 rubles)

Hexoral is also a very good cough spray (Average price in a pharmacy is 170 rubles)

Tantum Verde is an excellent drug in the form of a spray, in a high price category (Average price in pharmacies is 300 rubles)

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Please indicate your age (your child's age)

  • From 6 to 12 years
  • From 12 to 18 years old
  • Over 18

In what price range can you afford a cough medicine?

  • Up to 100 rubles
  • From 100 to 200 rubles
  • Over 200 rubles

In what form do you prefer to take your cough medicine?

  • Pills
  • Syrup
  • Spray

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Since almost all of us live in cities with very unfavorable health conditions, and in addition to this we lead an unhealthy lifestyle, this topic is very relevant at the moment. We perform many actions or, on the contrary, we remain inactive, without thinking at all about the consequences for our body. Our life is in breathing, without it we cannot live even a few minutes. This test will help you determine whether your lifestyle can provoke lung diseases, and will also help you think about your respiratory system health and correct your mistakes.

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You lead the right lifestyle

You are a fairly active person who cares and thinks about your respiratory system and health in general, continue to play sports, lead a healthy lifestyle and your body will delight you throughout your life. But do not forget to undergo examinations on time, maintain your immunity, this is very important, do not overcool, avoid severe physical and strong emotional overload. Try to minimize contact with sick people; if forced contact, do not forget about protective equipment (mask, washing your hands and face, clearing your respiratory tract).

It's time to think about what you are doing wrong...

You are at risk, you should think about your lifestyle and start taking care of yourself. Physical education is required, or even better, start playing sports, choose the sport that you like most and turn it into a hobby (dancing, cycling, gym, or just try to walk more). Do not forget to treat colds and flu promptly, they can lead to complications in the lungs. Be sure to work on your immunity, strengthen yourself, and be in nature and fresh air as often as possible. Do not forget to undergo scheduled annual examinations; it is much easier to treat lung diseases in the initial stages than in advanced stages. Avoid emotional and physical overload; if possible, eliminate or minimize smoking or contact with smokers.

It's time to sound the alarm!

You are completely irresponsible about your health, thereby destroying the functioning of your lungs and bronchi, have pity on them! If you want to live a long time, you need to radically change your entire attitude towards your body. First of all, get examined by specialists such as a therapist and a pulmonologist; you need to take radical measures, otherwise everything may end badly for you. Follow all the doctors’ recommendations, radically change your life, perhaps you should change your job or even your place of residence, completely eliminate smoking and alcohol from your life, and reduce contact with people who have such bad habits to a minimum, toughen up, strengthen your immunity as much as possible spend more time in the fresh air. Avoid emotional and physical overload. Completely eliminate all aggressive products from everyday use and replace them with natural, natural remedies. Do not forget to do wet cleaning and ventilation of the room at home.

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Does your lifestyle involve heavy physical activity?

  • Yes, daily
  • Sometimes
  • Seasonal (eg vegetable garden)
  • No

How often do you undergo a lung examination (eg fluorogram)?

  • I don’t even remember when was the last time
  • Every year, without fail
  • Once every couple of years

Do you play sports?

  • No
  • Yes, professionally and regularly
  • It happened in the past
  • Yes, amateur
  • Yes
  • No
  • When I'm sick
  • Sometimes

Do you treat acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, influenza and other inflammatory or infectious diseases?

  • Yes, at the doctor's
  • No, it goes away on its own after some time
  • Yes, I self-medicate
  • Only if it's really bad

Do you carefully observe personal hygiene (shower, hands before eating and after walking, etc.)?

  • Yes, I wash my hands all the time
  • No, I don't follow this at all
  • I try, but sometimes I forget

Do you take care of your immunity?

  • Yes
  • No
  • Only when sick
  • I find it difficult to answer

Have any relatives or family members suffered from serious lung diseases (tuberculosis, asthma, pneumonia)?

  • Yes, parents
  • Yes, close relatives
  • No
  • I can not say for sure

Do you live or work in an unfavorable environment (gas, smoke, chemical emissions from enterprises)?

  • Yes, I live permanently
  • No
  • Yes, I work in such conditions
  • Previously lived or worked

Do you or your household use sources of strong odors (aroma candles, incense, etc.)?

  • Often
  • Rarely
  • Almost daily
  • No

Do you have heart disease?

  • Yes, chronic
  • Rarely, but it does happen
  • No
  • If you have any doubts, you need an examination

How often are you in damp, dusty or moldy environments?

  • Constantly
  • I'm not there
  • Previously was
  • Rarely, but it happens

Do you often get sick with acute respiratory infections or acute respiratory viral infections?

  • I'm constantly sick
  • Rarely, no more than once a year
  • Often, more than 2 times a year
  • I never get sick or once every five years

Do you or any of your relatives have diabetes?

  • Yes, I have
  • I find it difficult to answer
  • Yes, with close relatives
  • No

Do you have any allergic diseases?

  • Yes, one
  • No
  • Not sure, needs testing
  • Yes, even a few

What kind of lifestyle do you lead?

  • Sedentary
  • Active, constantly on the move
  • Sedentary

Does anyone in your family smoke?

  • Yes
  • No
  • Happens sometimes
  • Used to smoke
  • Yes, I smoke regularly
  • No and never smoked
  • Rarely, but it happens
  • Previously smoked, but quit

Do you have air purification devices in your home?

  • No
  • Yes, I change filters all the time
  • Yes, we use it sometimes
  • Yes, but we don’t monitor the devices

Do you often use household chemicals (cleaning products, aerosols, etc.)?

Source: http://pulmonologi.ru/kashel/lekarstvo.html

Review of cough remedies for adults

Each of us faces the problem of cough at least once or twice a year - from time to time we, our children, family and friends suffer from it. Modern pharmacology offers us many means to combat this symptom. The mechanisms of action of these drugs are different, so their inept use can lead to serious complications from the respiratory, nervous and other systems of our body. From this article you will learn about what groups the drugs used to treat cough are divided into, what the mechanisms of action are, and also get acquainted with the main representatives of each group. Let's begin...

All drugs used to treat cough are divided into 3 large groups:

  • expectorants or expectorants;
  • sputum thinners or mucolytics;
  • cough suppressants or antitussives.

Expectorants or expectorants

Mechanism of action: drugs in this group enhance the physiological activity of the ciliated epithelium of the respiratory tract and the peristaltic (wave-like) movements of the bronchioles. This promotes the movement of mucus from the lower parts of the respiratory tract to the upper parts and its elimination. In addition, expectorants contribute to a slight increase in the secretion of the bronchial glands (i.e., the amount of sputum discharge increases) and a decrease in the viscosity of the latter.

Expectorants are used for productive (wet) coughs to accelerate the removal of sputum in the complex treatment of bronchitis, pneumonia and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

The active ingredients of drugs in this group are, as a rule, medicinal plants. Release forms vary and include both tablet preparations and preparations in the form of syrups, suspensions, preparations for the preparation of infusions and decoctions.

The main representatives of drugs that stimulate expectoration are the following:

  1. Thermopsis lanceolata herb. It is included in “Cough tablets”, “Cough medicine for adults”, and is also available in powder form. It is recommended to take 0.01–0.5 g of active ingredient 2–4 times a day;
  2. Marshmallow roots. Available in the form of powder, syrups (“Alteika”, “Altemiks”, “Marshmallow root syrup”), tablets (“Mukaltin” - contains 0.5 g of the drug). It is recommended to take 1 tablespoon of powder or granules orally 4–6 times a day or 1 teaspoon of syrup 3 times a day after meals, “Mukaltin” before meals, 1–2 tablets 3–4 times a day. The course of treatment should not exceed 14 days. In addition, marshmallow roots are included in breast herbal teas:
    • chest collection No. 1 - in addition to marshmallow, includes coltsfoot leaves and oregano herb;
    • chest collection No. 3 - in addition to marshmallow root, it contains licorice root, sage leaves, anise fruits and pine buds.

To prepare the infusion, pour 200 ml of boiling water over 1 tablespoon of the collection, leave for 20 minutes, and strain. Take 100 ml 2-3 times a day after meals.

Combined expectorants

  • "Doctor Mom" Contains extracts of licorice, elecampane root and rhizomes, ginger and turmeric, basil, aloe, menthol, etc. Available in the form of syrup and cough lozenges. It is recommended to take the syrup 5–10 ml orally 3 times a day, lozenges – 1–2 pieces orally 3 times a day.
  • "Pectoral". Its components are extracts of plantain, thyme, primrose and senegia.
  • "Stoptussin phyto." Contains thyme and plantain extracts.
  • "Eucabal balm." Contains eucalyptus and pine oils.
  • "Eucabal syrup." Contains plantain and thyme extracts.
  • "Pectolvan phyto". It has a complex composition, including alcohol extracts of elecampane root, Icelandic cetraria, soapwort tincture, hyssop and thyme.

Mucus thinners or mucolytics

Drugs of this group are capable of breaking the peptide bonds of the protein and the disulfide bonds of the mucopolysaccharides that make up the sputum, which contributes to the transition of its structure from viscous to more liquid. Other effects of mucolytics are the activation of glands that secrete mucous secretions, improvement of the function of the ciliated epithelium of the bronchi, stimulation of the synthesis and secretion of a substance that prevents the collapse of the most distant elements of the respiratory system - the alveoli - pulmonary surfactant.

Mucolytics are used for dry coughs in order to transform them into wet – productive ones. They are usually prescribed in combination with expectorants, bronchodilators, and antibiotics.

The main means that help thin sputum are listed below.

  1. Acetylcysteine. Facilitates the removal of sputum, diluting it and promoting its removal. Stimulates expectoration. Reduces inflammation. It is recommended to take 0.4–6 g per day orally (after meals) in one or more divided doses. It can be used in the form of inhalations of 2–5 ml of a 20% solution 3–4 times a day for 15–20 minutes, as well as intramuscularly or intravenously – 3 ml of a 10% solution once a day. This medicinal substance contains:
    • “ACC” – effervescent tablets and powders of 100, 200 and 600 mg;
    • "Acestad" - tablets of 100, 200 and 600 mg;
    • “Acysteine” – solution for injection and granules for the preparation of oral solution in sachets of 600 mg;
    • “Cofacin” – sachets of powder of 100 and 200 mg of the drug;
    • “Fluimucil” – granules for creating a solution for oral administration 200 mg, effervescent tablets for preparing an oral solution 600 mg, solution for injection.
  1. Carbocysteine. The structure and mechanism of action is similar to acetylcysteine.

Use 0.75 g (1 tablespoon of 5% syrup) 3 times a day or 1-2 capsules 2-3 times a day. Available in the form of the following drugs:

  • "Fluditek" - 2% (for children) and 5% (for adults) solution;
  • "Mukosol" - capsules of 375 mg.
  1. Bromhexine. One of the features of the action of this substance is the stimulation of the formation of pulmonary surfactant. The drug is prescribed orally at 0.008–0.016 g (1–2 tablets) or 2–3 teaspoons of 0.08% syrup. The course of treatment is from 4 days to 1 month. Bromhexine preparations:
  • “Bromhexine 4 and 8 Berlin-Chemie” – oral solution 4 mg in 5 ml and tablets 8 mg;
  • “Bromhexine 8 drops” – contains 8 mg of bromhexine, as well as fennel and anise oils, menthol;
  • “Solvin” – elixir 4 mg in 5 ml, tablets 8 mg.
  1. Ambroxol. It is close in structure to bromhexine, just like that, in addition to liquefying sputum, it stimulates the formation of endogenous surfactant and improves bronchopulmonary secretion and rheological parameters of sputum. Available in tablets (take 1 tablet - 0.3 g - 3 times a day), retard capsules (take 1 capsule 1 time a day), in the form of a solution (take 4 ml of a 0.75% solution 3 times a day ), syrup (10 ml of 0.3% syrup 3 times a day). Ambroxol preparations are:
  • "Lazolvan";
  • "Ambrobene";
  • "Ambrohexal";
  • "Ambrotard";
  • "Medox";
  • "Flavamed";
  • "Abrol."

Combination drugs for thinning sputum

  • “Milistan cough syrup” – 5 ml of syrup contains 15 mg of ambroxol hydrochloride and 100 mg of carbocysteine;
  • “Milistan hot tea for cough” – contains 30 mg of ambroxol and 200 mg of ascorbic acid;
  • “Bronchosan” - drops containing 8 g of bromhexine chloride, as well as menthol, fennel oil, anise, motherwort, peppermint and eucalyptus;
  • "Salbroxol" - tablets containing 15 mg of ambroxol and 4 mg of salbutamol.

Cough suppressants or antitussives

Drugs in this group are able to reduce the excitability of the cough center in the central nervous system, thereby helping to suppress cough. Indicated for obsessive dry cough not accompanied by sputum production: for chronic respiratory diseases, laryngitis, whooping cough.

Some of the antitussive drugs (narcotic analgesics) have a number of serious adverse reactions, from depression of the respiratory center to painful addiction to them (drug addiction), so a number of them are excluded from the Nomenclature of Medicines. Of the drugs in this group, only codeine, produced in the form of powder and tablets of 0.015 g, is currently used for the treatment of cough in some cases. This drug is part of the combined cough preparations - “Terpinkoda”, “Codterpine”, “Cough tablets” .

A separate group of drugs are non-narcotic antitussives. They are free from the side effects of narcotic analgesics, do not cause addiction, but are very effective in reducing cough.

The main representatives of the group of non-narcotic antitussive drugs are the following:

  1. Glaucine. Selectively inhibits the cough center located in the brain. Does not depress the breathing center. Not addictive. Recommended for oral administration after meals: 0.5 g 2-3 times a day. The drug based on glaucine is called "Glauvent". There is also a combined drug containing glaucine and ephedrine - “Broncholitin”.
  2. Oxeladine. Adults are prescribed 20 mg 3 times a day in a short course - 2-3 days after the onset of cough. The drug based on this substance is called Paxeladin.
  3. Butamirat. The effects of this remedy are antitussive, moderate bronchodilator, expectorant and anti-inflammatory. Adults are recommended to take 2 tablespoons of syrup, or 2 tablets, or 1 depot tablet 2-3 times a day. Preparations containing butamirate are “Sinekod”, “Codesin” and the combined drug “Stoptussin” (in addition to butamirate, it contains 1 g of guaifenesin).

There are many more drugs based on the drugs described in our article - it is impossible to list them all. In addition, the reader should remember that each drug has a number of contraindications and side effects, which means that self-medication can result in a disease more serious than just a cough. Therefore, you should not test your own body’s strength by prescribing treatment for yourself, and at the first symptoms of the disease you should consult a doctor.

Which doctor should I contact?

Usually, if a cough occurs, you should contact your pediatrician or therapist. If the doctor cannot cope with the disease on his own, or he suspects any serious illness, he can refer the patient for a consultation with a pulmonologist, allergist, oncologist, or infectious disease specialist.

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Commentary “Review of cough remedies for adults”

Irina Znayka

Any cough does not go away quickly. If within a week there is no improvement when taking any cough medications, that’s it. See a doctor urgently. Pneumonia and other dangerous diseases of the respiratory tract do not always occur with high body temperature. There are so many medications in pharmacies - it’s dizzying, and judging by the advertising, one is better than the other. You shouldn’t waste money and precious time buying syrups, tablets and pills; maybe, in your case, only antibiotics can help. The article is very useful and informative; if a person has a mild cold and, as a result, a cough, it would be good to at least know that (I quote) all the remedies used to treat cough are divided into 3 large groups:

■drugs that stimulate expectoration, or expectorants;

■ sputum thinners or mucolytics;

■cough suppressants or antitussives.

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Selection of combination cough medications and treatment

A debilitating, painful and sore cough is a common reason for visiting a doctor. The presence of a cough reflex may indicate various respiratory pathologies of the respiratory system.

Combined cough medications prescribed by a specialist have multidirectional effects on the human body and can eliminate several problems at once. In addition to the many other symptoms that cause cough, infections of the upper and/or lower respiratory tract are the most common causative factors in the development of cough.

The effect of combined drugs on the body

It is known that cough is a reflex defense of the body to mechanical or chemical irritation of the respiratory tract. The main condition for the healthy functioning of the respiratory system is the formation and removal of tracheobronchial mucus or sputum. Blocking the mucous membrane of the respiratory system from external influences is entrusted to mucociliary clearance, which guarantees a cleansing, immune and barrier barrier. When the mucociliary system does not work, the cleansing mechanisms of the bronchi are activated, the compensator of which is an explosive and sudden forced exhalation, that is, a cough.

In inflammatory processes, when functional protection of the bronchi is not guaranteed, cough becomes the only mechanism for effectively cleansing and releasing the bronchial tree from external irritants.

Cough is a reflex defense of the body to mechanical or chemical irritation of the respiratory tract

It has been scientifically proven that infectious relapse contributes to the formation of various clinical pathologies of the respiratory system. Combined-action cough medications can correct functional disorders in the respiratory system (lungs, trachea, bronchi, nasopharynx, etc.), and also solve problems of the immune and cardiovascular systems. It is important to realize that these dosage forms do not suppress symptomatic cough, but relieve the body of common cause-and-effect symptoms.

Important! Drug therapy requires strict differentiation in various clinical and symptomatic situations.

The choice of pharmacological drug is determined by clinical and pathogenetic criteria, and also depends on the age, gender and individual characteristics of the patient. All dosage forms of combined action are made from plant extracts, which makes them absolutely safe in terms of contraindications and side effects.

It has been scientifically proven that infectious relapse contributes to the formation of various clinical pathologies of the respiratory system

Selection of dosage forms for adults

The therapeutic effect of combined cough preparations for adults is determined by the quantitative content of bioactive components in them, such as:

Among the many dosage forms, the following pharmacological groups can be identified to eliminate acute respiratory pathologies and cough:

1. Doctor Mom is a medicinal combination form, the biochemical structure of which contains extracts of various plants that ensure the effectiveness of the pharmacological agent. The main medicinal components are: elecampane, licorice root, basil, turmeric, ginger and aloe. A pharmacological treatment is available in the form of a sweet syrup, pastille or ointment. Since Doctor Mom does not contain alcohol-containing elements, it can therefore be used in the treatment of colds and acute diseases of the respiratory tract in young children from 3 years of age. Indications for use are: acute form of laryngitis, pharyngitis, obstructive bronchitis, tracheitis and other pathologies of the tracheobronchial system.

Doctor Mom is a medicinal combination form, the biochemical structure of which contains extracts of various plants

2. Stodal is a very effective homeopathic remedy against any type of cough. The expectorant and bronchodilator effect is provided by the natural components included in the structure of the drug. Ipecac, Drosera, Myocarde, Pulsatilla, Rumex Crispus and other ingredients are the biochemical component of the pharmacological group. Contraindications: negative reaction (allergy) of the body to the multicomponent medicinal composition of the drug.

Stodal is a very effective homeopathic remedy against any type of cough.

3. Pectoral is a sweet-tasting dark brown syrup with a pronounced spicy aroma. The drug contains extracts of plantain, primrose, senegia and thyme. The medicine is recommended for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory lesions of the respiratory system. The pectoral promotes the discharge of viscous sputum. Hypersensitivity of the body to active substances, chronic diseases of the stomach and/or intestines, diseases of the genitourinary system and diabetes mellitus are undesirable companions when using Pectoral.

4. Eucabal is another treatment, the main active ingredient of which is the liquid extract of plantain. The drug is produced in the form of a sweet syrup, which has a reflex effect on the bronchial glands. Eucabal promotes rapid liquefaction and removal of secretory secretions from the ciliated epithelium. The drug is recommended for advanced conditions of acute bronchitis, and the drug is also prescribed by specialists as a supportive treatment for whooping cough.

Eucabal promotes rapid liquefaction and removal of secretory secretions from the ciliated epithelium

Important! The use of any product must be agreed with a doctor.

Review of drugs for children

Combined cough medications for children are selected in strict accordance with the child’s age criteria. To relieve the cough reflex in children over 3 years of age, the following pharmacological combinations can be recommended:

1. Prothiazine expectorant is a medicine that is an orange syrup that contains a liquid extract of ipecac, an emetic root that grows in Latin America and some Asian countries. The unusual orange color of the pharmacological drug is given by yellow sunset and orange oil, which are included in the chemical composition as auxiliary components. The medicine is recommended for diseases of the bronchopulmonary system and symptomatic cough with difficult to separate sputum.

2. Broncholitin is an effective drug that has positive characteristics for various pathologies of the respiratory tract and the entire respiratory tract. The pharmacological drug is produced in the form of a greenish or light yellow syrup. Basil gives the medicine a specific smell. Without depressing breathing, Bronholitin counteracts bronchospasms, providing an antitussive and antiseptic effect on the respiratory tract. The medicinal composition of the pharmacological treatment for cough includes exclusively herbal components that stimulate the bronchial vascular channels and have a beneficial effect on the central nervous system. Ephedrine, which is part of the biochemical composition of the drug, facilitates the secretion of mucus and has a bronchodilator effect. The drug is completely resorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Bronholitin is prescribed for acute inflammatory processes of the respiratory system, bronchial asthma, whooping cough and the common cold. The use of Bronholitin is not recommended for high blood pressure, diseases of the cardiovascular system, atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, angina pectoris, and hypertension.

Broncholitin counteracts bronchospasms, providing antitussive and antiseptic effects

3. Gedelix is ​​the only drug that can be used to treat cough in newborn children. The herbal medicine has an expectorant effect and has a complex effect on the child’s body. Actively affecting the bronchi, it stimulates the liquefaction and removal of formed mucus. The main active ingredient of the drug is ivy extract. The medicine is effective in the treatment of acute respiratory infections, bronchitis, bronchospasm, cough and other diseases of bronchiectasis. Undesirable side effects include: nausea, gag reflex, allergic reaction, abdominal pain. If one of the side signs of non-acceptance of the drug is detected, you should immediately contact a consulting otolaryngologist or local pediatrician.

Gedelix is ​​the only drug that can be used to treat cough in newborn children

4. Tussamag is an effective cough medicine that allows you to effectively influence secretory accumulations in the main tracts of the respiratory tract. Tussamag syrup has a characteristic smell of thyme or thyme, the main active pharmacological component. Having an expectorant effect, the dosage form is recommended for the treatment of diseases of the bronchi and lungs, when a painful dry cough overcomes a child. Contraindications for use are diseases of the heart, liver and kidneys, as well as hypersensitivity of the child’s body to medicinal components of plant origin. The dosage is determined by a specialist.

Tussamag syrup has a characteristic thyme scent

5. Codelac broncho is a combination drug for the treatment of cough with expectorant and antitussive activity. The effectiveness of the dosage form is due to the pharmacological presence of its constituent biochemical components. Glycyrrate has an antiviral and anti-inflammatory effect that has a cytoprotective effect, that is, the organization of the body’s protective function at the cellular level. Ambroxol promotes the development of secretomotor and secretolytic functions, increasing surfactant secretion in the alveoli. Thermopsis extract has a moderate irritant effect on the mucous membrane and increases the secretory functions of the tracheobronchial glands at the reflex level. Sodium bicarbonate stimulates the motility of the ciliated epithelium and bronchioles, reduces the viscous structure of the resulting sputum and restores the alkaline environment. The drug is recommended for children with bronchiectasis diseases, as well as acute bronchitis, pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD).

Codelac Broncho is a combination drug for the treatment of cough with expectorant and antitussive activity.

Attention! The use of Codelac Broncho for gastric and duodenal ulcers, for renal and/or liver failure in a child, for bronchial asthma and other chronic and acute clinical pathologies is strictly prohibited.

All remedies must be agreed upon with the pediatrician or local pediatrician.

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Source: http://antirodinka.ru/vibor-kombinirovannich-preparatov-ot-kashlya-i-lechenie

Combination cough medications

The point of using combination cough medications is to have a comprehensive effect on the symptoms of an existing cold. However, in many cases, the combination drug contains substances that are either no longer indicated for the patient, or are indicated, but in a significantly higher/lower dose. The number of symptoms, the time of their appearance and the degree of severity vary from patient to patient.

Therefore, WHO experts recommend that regulatory authorities involved in the development of national lists of essential medicines (formularies) focus on monocomponent cough medicines containing one active ingredient. They are more convenient to dose and titrate up/down, and if adverse reactions develop, it is easier to find out what caused them and adjust treatment accordingly.

The main combinations of substances in combined cough preparations

There are many combinations in which antitussives, expectorants, mucolytics and others are found in a variety of combinations.

Combined cough preparations containing several expectorant components

(Bronchipret, Chest collection No. 1 and No. 2, Bronchofit, Chest elixir, Pectosol, Pertussin, Stoptussin Fito, etc.). Their creation is based on the idea that the simultaneous administration of several expectorant components in a low dose is more effective and safe than the administration of one of them, but in a higher dose.

Combined cough preparations containing mucolytic and expectorants

Combined cough preparations containing antitussives and expectorants

Codesan, Glycodin (syrup), Tussin Plus, Tos-Mai, Stoptussin, etc. Patients with influenza or other acute respiratory viral infections usually like these drugs. Within 1-2 hours after taking the first dose, they notice a decrease in the severity of cough. Indeed, in the first 2-3 days of an illness caused by a viral infection (when the cough is still dry and unproductive), these combination drugs are very appropriate, since they significantly alleviate the patient’s condition. When the cough enters the productive phase (from the 3-4th day of illness), the presence of an antitussive component can harm the patient, suppressing cough when there is no longer a need for it. In the latter case, it is more logical to transfer the patient only to taking an expectorant drug.

Combined cough preparations containing antitussives and mucolytics

Zedex, Combiflu (syrup), etc. Diseases in which the patient needs both an antitussive and a mucolytic are rare. You can, of course, briefly weaken a strong dry cough (until the mucolytic begins to act), but this must be done very carefully, since the dissolution of sputum in the bronchi against the background of a suppressed cough reflex is fraught with the development of the so-called lung flooding syndrome.

Combined cough preparations containing antitussive components and/or agents and drugs from other groups

A cough is usually one of the symptoms of an infectious disease. Along with a cough, the patient may experience fever, sore throat, nasal congestion and discharge. The presence of accompanying symptoms created the prerequisite for the development of combination drugs containing, in addition to antitussives and/or expectorants, antibiotics, paracetamol, sympathomimetics, antihistamines, etc.

In case of community-acquired pneumonia or exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, it may be appropriate to prescribe combination drugs containing a mucolytic in combination with an antibiotic (Roxin).

Paracetamol reduces elevated body temperature and reduces pain. It is part of such combination drugs as Hexapneumin, Codefemol, Grippostad, Vic Medinite, Solpadeine, etc.

Sympathomimetics reduce swelling of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and bronchi. Most often, the combination drugs include ephedrine (Bronchobrew, Bronholitin, Bronchocin, Bronchosevt, etc.), pseudoephedrine (Gripex, Gripmax, Codefemol, Actifed Expectorant, etc.) and phenylephrine (Coldact Broncho, Coldrex, Combigripp, Combinex, etc.) . Ephedrine, in addition, has a bronchodilator effect, so the prescription of appropriate drugs is justified for bronchiolitis (without severe respiratory failure).

Antihistamines eliminate itching, reduce the severity of exudative phenomena and have a hypnotic effect. Most often, chlorphenamine (Toff Plus, Gripex Night, Combinex, Combigripp Dexa, etc.) and doxylamine (Vic Medinite, Gripmax Night) are used in combination preparations.

Often, in combination preparations used for coughs, sympathomimetics are combined with antihistamines (Vokasept, Gripex Night, Koldakt Broncho, etc.), which makes it possible to “relieve” swelling of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract and reduce the severity of exudative phenomena.

Combined cough preparations containing an antihistamine component can be prescribed only to those patients whose nasal discharge is serous (watery) in nature. If the discharge is serous-purulent or purulent, then the use of such drugs is strictly prohibited! In the latter case, there is a high risk of excessive thickening of the exudate, when it ceases to be independently released from the paranasal sinuses. Such a patient needs medical assistance to carry out the procedure of rinsing the sinuses.

Combined drugs used topically for coughs and colds

Recently, rubbing ointments containing menthol, camphor, thymol, turpentine, eucolyptus, nutmeg, peppermint, juniper and other essential oils have become quite popular (Adzhicold Ointment, VIC VapoRab, Doctor Mom, Coldact-Gel, Combigripp, Kofex-Maz, Red Elephant, Pulmex Baby, Flucoldex Plus, etc.). When applied to the skin of the chest and neck, they have a locally irritating and distracting effect, and simultaneous inhalation of essential oils of medicinal plants enhances anti-inflammatory and antiseptic processes in the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. Such drugs are usually well tolerated, but in some patients they can cause allergic skin reactions and increase bronchospasm (especially in the presence of bronchial asthma). You should also always remember that ointments or gels should not be applied to damaged skin.

Source: http://a-flu.com.ua/cough-preparati-kombinirovannie.htm