Decongestant nasal drops

Posted on by admin

Signs of swelling of the nasal mucosa and the best decongestants

Nasal swelling is a common phenomenon that occurs in both adults and children due to an inflammatory or allergic process.

Table of contents:

When pathogenic microorganisms enter, the nasal mucosa swells, which indicates an attempt by the body to overcome foreign microorganisms. This symptom can lead to the development of complications, so it is important to eliminate it in time.

Swelling of the nasal mucosa: causes

There are both physiological and pathological causes of swelling of the nasal mucosa

The development of edema of the nasal mucosa occurs with hyperemia - excess blood in the nasal vessels, as a result of which it swells.

The main reasons for the development of swelling of the nasal mucosa:

  • Exposure to allergens. Various allergens (pollen, wool, dust, medications, citrus fruits, etc.) affect the mucous membrane, causing the nasal vessels to dilate and mucus to be produced. It performs a protective function and prevents the entry of an irritating agent inside.
  • Infectious respiratory diseases. With respiratory diseases, swelling and congestion appear after a few days. If the infection has penetrated the sinuses, then sinusitis or sinusitis may develop. If appropriate measures are not taken, the pus can spread to the jaw and brain. These are very dangerous complications.
  • Injuries and mechanical damage. With mechanical injuries, the structure of the inner membrane is disrupted, resulting in swelling without a runny nose.
  • Often swelling occurs when the nasal septum is deviated, polyps and adenoids develop.
  • Nasal swelling is often observed in people with weakened immune systems. Often this symptom appears during hypothermia, being outside in the cold season without a hat, etc.

Symptoms

Against the background of nasal swelling, voice changes, breathing problems, and loss of smell may occur.

Signs of nasal swelling differ depending on the cause of the development of this phenomenon. If the swelling appears against the background of an allergic reaction, then the following symptoms are observed: frequent sneezing, clear discharge, swelling of the nasal mucosa.

Signs of an inflammatory process may also be observed:

  • Swelling and redness.
  • Dryness and burning in the nose.
  • Liquid discharge from the nose.
  • Heaviness in the forehead area.
  • Tearing.
  • Dull headache.
  • Fever.

Edema in infants is very dangerous, since they cannot yet breathe through their mouth. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor in a timely manner and eliminate this unpleasant symptom.

Types of nasal decongestants

The doctor selects medications to eliminate swelling based on the factors that influenced the development of this symptom.

If swelling of the nose occurs against the background of a respiratory disease, then vasoconstrictor drugs are used to eliminate the symptom.

It is advisable to use such products for no more than 7 days, as the body gets used to it. It is also important to follow the indicated dosage of the drug.

Decongestant nasal drops use drugs with active ingredients: naphazoline, oxymetazoline, xylometazoline, tramazoline.

Such drugs are:

Nasal drops based on naphazoline are inferior in effectiveness, since they act for a short time, only 2-3 hours. With frequent use of Naphthyzin, drying of the nasal mucosa is observed. Other drugs last longer.

More information about which drugs are best to treat a runny nose can be found in the video:

Herbal medicines are effective and safe to use:

  • Pinosol has anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effects. The composition of the drug includes essential oils of eucalyptus, mint, pine and vitamin E. Due to this combination, a positive effect is achieved.
  • Sinupret is intended for internal use. Available in the form of dragees and syrup. The drug improves the secretion of exudate and relieves swelling of the nasal mucosa.

Homeopathic medicines help eliminate swelling:

The effect of such medications does not appear immediately; many may not even notice the effect.

Swelling of the nasal mucosa during pregnancy

It should be remembered that if this symptom does not go away within a few days, you should consult a doctor.

!Nasal swelling in a pregnant woman can be caused not only by a respiratory infection, an allergic reaction, but also by hormonal changes in the body. Swelling of the nasal mucosa in a pregnant woman occurs due to an increase in the volume of circulating blood. This is the main reason for the appearance of this symptom.

In a woman’s body after conception, the concentration of progesterone and estrogen in the blood increases. Under the influence of these hormones, the flow in the mucous membrane increases, resulting in increased pressure in the vessels of the nose, which leads to swelling. After pregnancy, this symptom disappears.

A pregnant woman should not use many medications. This number also includes vasoconstrictor drops, which can lead to fetal hypoxia as a result of a decrease in blood vessels.

To eliminate swelling, you can use safe methods:

  • Rinse the nose with saline and saline solution.
  • Massage of the bridge of the nose and wings of the nose.
  • Breathing exercises

Saline solution can be purchased at a pharmacy or prepared independently. To do this, you need to dissolve a spoonful of regular or sea salt in a glass of clean water. Saline solution can be used not only for rinsing, but also for use as nasal drops.

An alternative to saline solution is preparations based on sea water: Aqualor, Morenazal, Salin, etc.

To increase and strengthen the immune system, you can prepare a healing mixture of horseradish, apple and sugar. Grate the ingredients and mix with sugar in equal proportions.

Breathing exercises involve inhaling and exhaling air alternately, first through one nostril, then through the other. Then inhale air through your mouth and exhale through your nose. After the massage, it is recommended to apply light pressure on certain points: on the chin and under the nose.

Prevention

To prevent swelling, you should follow some rules and recommendations:

  1. It is necessary to adhere to a balanced diet. If possible, avoid spicy and sweet foods. When there is an excess of sugar and spices in the body, metabolic processes are disrupted, which in turn causes dilation of the blood vessels of the mucous membrane.
  2. You should take vitamin and mineral complexes.
  3. Bad habits must be abandoned.
  4. You should regularly ventilate the room, humidify the air and carry out wet cleaning.
  5. Avoid contact with allergens.
  6. It is important to prevent hypothermia and strengthen the immune system.

If you follow these rules, the risk of developing nasal swelling and inflammation will be significantly reduced.

Readers liked:

Share with your friends! Be healthy!

Comments (1)

Elena

07.11.2016 at 19:03 | #

Morenasal spray with chamomile helps me very well with a runny nose. It not only relieves congestion, but also relieves swelling and inflammation in the nasal mucosa.

leave a comment

We recommend reading:

Our pages

Discussions

  • Elena - I had this happen to me. – 02/21/2018
  • Irina - I tried a lot of things like this. – 02/21/2018
  • Irina - I have 3 children and... – 02/21/2018
  • Zhanna - Lisa, what if it’s serious? – 02/21/2018
  • Ekaterina - A few years ago with my husband. – 02/21/2018
  • Alya - Radish - well, not for everybody. – 02/21/2018

The medical information published on this page is strictly not recommended for self-medication. If you feel negative changes in your health, immediately contact an ENT specialist. All articles published on our resource are for informational purposes only. If you use this material or a fragment of it on your website, an active link to the source is required.

Source: http://tvojlor.com/lekarstva/ot-prostudy/ot-nasmorka/protivootechnye-preparaty.html

Choosing decongestants for the nose. List of the best drugs

Swelling of the mucous membrane is the most unpleasant condition in the process of illness associated with the appearance of a runny nose. The nose is blocked and it is almost impossible to breathe. What to do? Decongestant needed!

There is no universal decongestant - this is an axiom. Certain drugs affect the human nasal mucosa in different ways, depending on the active component of the drug and the individual characteristics of the human body. Below, we will describe the main types of decongestant drugs and the most popular drugs presented on the domestic market.

Basic information

Decongestant medications come in the form of nasal drops, sprays, liquids, and even tablets, with the former considered the most common type of such medications.

The main principle of their action is a decrease in blood supply to the mucosa and epithelium, as well as compression of blood vessels. All nasal drops on the market act at the local level, practically without penetrating into the circulatory system.

The main purpose of decongestants is to reduce the symptoms of nasal congestion, which allows for the further use of antibiotics, corticosteroids and other drugs necessary to treat the disease.

The main medical term designating whether a particular drug belongs to the basic group of nasal decongestants is decongestants.

Peculiarities

Absolutely all decongestant drugs that constrict blood vessels can be used only for a limited period of time - depending on the type of active component, this period ranges from 5-10 days. If these medications are not stopped, they will have the opposite effect, increasing swelling of the mucous membranes and provoking the development of drug-induced rhinitis.

It should also be noted that after several days of continuous use, you will have to increase the dosage of the drug: the membranes of the sinuses and nasal passages “get used” to the vasoconstrictor effect, soften and already weakly respond to the usual dose of the drug.

Popular decongestants

At the moment, there are a huge number of different drugs with a vasoconstrictor effect, but they are all based on one type of anticongestant or another.

Ephedrine

At the moment, only one drug based on this component is produced - this is two percent ephedrine hydrochloride. It is an outdated type of decongestant that is effective for a very limited period of time (up to one and a half hours) and at the same time it is quite toxic, so its use is not rational and even dangerous.

Xylometazoline

A number of drugs are produced based on this substance, in particular Otrivin, Xymelin, Xylene, Galazolin, DlyaNos and Xylometazoline.

Actively used for sinusitis, rhinitis and acute respiratory infections. Quickly and effectively constricts blood vessels, eliminates swelling of the mucous membrane and various hyperemias. The effect of the drugs is felt within a minute after use and lasts up to four hours. The maximum period of use is five days.

Not absorbed in blood plasma, can be used from two years of age. Contraindicated for patients with glaucoma, pregnant women, allergy sufferers and people with arterial hypertension. Prescribe with caution to lactating women and pregnant women. The drug is not compatible with tricyclic depressants and MAO inhibitors.

Possible side effects are headache, tachycardia, vomiting, irritation of mucous membranes, hypersecretion, temporary loss of smell.

Naphazoline

Commercial names Naphthyzin, Naphazolin and Sanorin.

An active vasoconstrictor reduces blood flow to the sinuses, increases blood pressure, and is partially adsorbed into the bloodstream. It begins to act two minutes after application, the effect lasts for 5-6 hours. The maximum period of continuous use is one week.

Can be used from the age of twelve. Contraindicated for pregnant women, lactating women, people with diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, tachycardia, atherosclerosis and severe eye diseases. Incompatible with MAO inhibitors, enhances the mutual systemic effect in combination with maprotiline and antidepressants, and also slows down the effect of anesthetics.

Possible side effects are local allergic reactions, tachycardia, systemic reactions in the form of headache and nausea, reactive hyperemia.

Oxymetazoline

Drugs Nazol and Oxymetazoline.

This type of adrenomimetic has one of the longest periods of action - the effect of use lasts up to eight hours, with the first clinical manifestations diagnosed fifteen minutes after instillation.

The medicine significantly reduces swelling, not only in the sinuses and nasal mucosa, but also in the throat and even the main apple. Can be used from the first year of life. The maximum term of continuous use is up to four days.

Contraindicated in atrophic rhinitis and allergic reactions. It is prescribed with caution to pregnant, lactating and patients with serious chronic diseases. Slows down the absorption of anesthetics, increases blood pressure.

Side effects include hyperemia, dryness and burning of the mucous membrane, sleep disturbances, and in rare cases, hypertension and arrhythmia.

Phenylephrine

A large group of drugs called Visadron, Almefrin, Vibrocil, Sympatol.

A synthetic anticongestant of this type causes constriction of arterioles, relieves swelling of the mucous membranes and dilates the pupils, lowering intraocular pressure when used appropriately. It begins to act three to four minutes after use, the effect is noticeable for four hours. The maximum period of use is five days.

The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation, children under six years of age, as well as people with heart problems and endocrine diseases. Interacts with a number of drugs, reducing the effectiveness of diuretics, pacemakers, nitrates and increasing the activity of thyroid hormones, ergometrine, oxytocin, and MAO inhibitors.

Possible side effects are nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, allergic reactions, tachycardia, bradycardia, headache.

Tetrizoline

Tizin and Tetrahydrozoline drops.

The active component of the drug has a local effect on the mucous membranes, reducing swelling and constricting blood vessels. The therapeutic effect can be observed within a minute after use, the effect lasts up to eight hours. The medicine does not penetrate the systemic bloodstream and can be used by children from two years of age. The maximum period of continuous use is six days.

Tetrizoline is contraindicated in patients with glaucoma, coronary heart disease, hyperthyroidism, as well as people with problematic cardiovascular system and endocrine diseases. Prescribe with caution during lactation and pregnancy.

Possible side effects are dizziness, tremors, heart rhythm disturbances.

Useful video

Why are vasoconstrictor nasal drops dangerous?

How to relieve nasal congestion without drops?

Vasoconstrictor drops for children – Doctor Komarovsky

What health hazards do nasal drops pose?

Choose decongestant medications correctly, use them only in accordance with the instructions, be sure to consult with your doctor on this issue and do not self-medicate - then the runny nose will go away quickly and will not bother you!

The nasal mucosa protects health. Protection mechanism.

There is a lot of talk about the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity (and paranasal sinuses). However, not everyone and not always understand what we are actually talking about. We will talk about the structural features of the nasal mucosa, its main tasks and, of course, how to treat it and restore it after various diseases.

>> The site presents an extensive selection of medications for the treatment of sinusitis and other nasal diseases. Enjoy it for your health! <

Just about the complex: anatomical structure

The mucous membrane covers all hollow organs that communicate with the external environment. It lines the ear canals, the inner surface of the eyelids, the genitourinary organs, the respiratory organs and, of course, the nasopharynx.

The mucosa consists of three layers. The innermost layer is smooth muscle fibers, the middle one is made of connective tissue, dotted with the inclusion of lymph nodes. The top or outer layer is the epithelium. It is he who is responsible for performing the main functions of the mucous membrane.

The epithelium has no blood vessels. Nutrition and exchange in it occur due to nearby connective tissue. The epithelium of the nasal mucosa consists of several types of cells:

  • ciliated cells, which are generously equipped with cilia that can move quickly;
  • goblet cells that produce mucus. They are sometimes called unicellular glands;
  • short and long intercalated epithelial cells, which are located between the ciliated cells. There are also microvilli at the top of epithelial cells.

Where does nasal mucus come from?

The question of the origin of nasal secretions is very interesting. Where does the mucus in the nasal cavity come from? It's all about the goblet cells. They are able to accumulate granules of a special substance - mucinogen, which can absorb water. Due to this, the cells gradually swell, and the mucinogen is converted into mucin, the main component of nasal and other mucus.

“Thick” cells become like a glass: in the narrow part there is only the nucleus, and in the expanded part there is mucus. When a large amount of mucus accumulates, the upper part of the goblet cell is destroyed, and the mucus is discharged out into the lumen of the organ.

During the inflammatory process, goblet cells greatly increase in size, and the process of mucus formation becomes overly productive. This is how an excess amount of mucus forms in the nasopharynx, as a result of which profuse mucous discharge from the nose (or a productive, wet cough) appears.

Miracles in a sieve: how do eyelashes work?

An equally fascinating process that constantly occurs in our body is the imperceptible movement of cilia in the mucous membrane of the nose and paranasal sinuses.

Each ciliated cell—namely, the epithelium of the nasal mucosa is extremely rich in them, as we have already found out—is equipped with a lot of cilia. On average, one cell contains about 250–300 cilia, which contain microtubules. The intricacy of microtubules allows the cilia to be in constant motion: in one second they manage to make 6-8 strokes. Moreover, they are all produced in one direction - from the vestibule of the nasal cavity to the nasopharynx.

Environmental conditions also help maintain the proper functioning of the ciliary apparatus. The cilia of the ciliated epithelium fully perform their functions at a temperature of 28–32°C and a pH of nasal secretions of 5.5–6.5. A drop or, on the contrary, an increase in temperature in the nasal cavity and a change in the acidity of the mucus help stop the cilia from vibrating. This leads to disruption of the entire mucociliary apparatus and the development of inflammatory and dystrophic diseases of the nasal mucosa. Let's look at them in more detail.

Swelling of the mucous membrane: causes

And the most common problem with the nasal mucosa is swelling. Swelling of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses underlies many diseases of the nasopharynx. How does it develop?

Infectious processes

The fundamental mechanism in the development of swelling of the nasal mucosa is considered to be infection. The ciliated epithelium is an ideal environment for the activity of pathogenic microorganisms. Viruses, bacteria and fungi penetrate with the current of inhaled air. With a normally functioning immune system and a fully functioning ciliated apparatus, all microbes are retained in the cilia and are washed out with the help of nasal secretions. Every second, thousands of different microorganisms settle in the eyelashes, and in the vast majority of cases they do not harm us.

However, when the body's defenses decrease (for example, as a result of hypothermia), microbes begin to develop in the nasal mucosa. The same outcome is possible if the viruses and bacteria that enter the nasal cavity are particularly aggressive. By the way, respiratory viruses that provoke ARVI are precisely such pathogens.

Interestingly, when the feet are hypothermic, a quick and violent reaction of the nasal mucosa is often common. This is caused by the existence of so-called reflexogenic connections between the nasal mucosa and the feet.

The inflammatory process that begins in the nasopharynx primarily leads to vasodilation, as a result, the occurrence of edema.

Allergic reaction

Swelling of the mucous membrane due to the release of histamine is the result of an allergic reaction. Many substances can act as allergens: from plant pollen to mites living in an old mattress. Despite a very special mechanism of development, allergy symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of a cold. One of the characteristic signs of allergic swelling of the nasal mucosa is itching, but it often appears with viral rhinitis. That is why doctors, and even more so the patients themselves, are not always able to quickly and accurately identify the cause of a runny nose and distinguish a common ARVI from an allergy to ragweed pollen.

Treatment for swelling of the mucous membrane due to allergies is a little more complicated than for a cold. As a rule, the treatment regimen includes:

  • alpha-adrenergic agonists, which constrict blood vessels and restore breathing;
  • antihistamines or antiallergic drugs;
  • intranasal corticosteroids (Nasonex, Flixonase and others).

In addition, swelling of the nasal mucosa can be caused by injuries and other reasons.

Why is swelling of the nasal mucosa dangerous?

Swelling of the nasal mucosa can be felt almost instantly. Dilated blood vessels lead to difficulty breathing and congestion occurs. The greater the swelling, the more severe the breathing disorder. But this is only the outer side of the pathological process. Swelling leads to much more serious problems than a banal violation of nasal breathing.

So, swelling of the nasal mucosa has three main consequences:

  1. The development of inflammation of the nasal mucosa - rhinitis. Rhinitis is usually of viral origin, and is manifested by copious discharge and sneezing.
  2. The development of sinusitis - inflammation of the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinuses.

The mechanism of sinusitis is simple: due to excessively swollen nasal mucosa, the anastomosis connecting the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses narrows and sometimes completely blocks. As a result, the drainage of mucus from the maxillary sinuses becomes difficult or blocked, and an infectious process develops very quickly.

  1. Development of respiratory tract diseases.

Due to breathing problems, a person is often forced to breathe through his mouth. As a result, cold air enters the respiratory tract, which is also saturated with many pathogens. This is how most diseases of the lower respiratory tract develop, including the most dangerous infection - pneumonia.

To prevent consequences, swelling of the nasal mucosa must be treated promptly in both children and adults.

How to relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa?

A cardinal remedy for combating swelling of the nasal mucosa is drugs from the group of alpha-adrenergic agonists. They are also called vasoconstrictors or decongestants. These drugs stimulate adrenergic receptors, which are rich in the nasal mucosa. As a result, the vessels in the connective tissue layer narrow and swelling is significantly reduced.

Alpha adrenergic agonists are available in two main dosage forms: nasal drops and tablets or syrups.

Decongestant nasal drops

Intranasal nasal drops are well known and popular. These include drugs naphazoline (Nafthyzin), xylometazoline (Galazolin), oxymetazoline (Nazivin), tramazoline (Lazolvan Rino).

Note that Naphthyzin is significantly inferior in effectiveness and safety to all other drugs. This is due to the fact that it acts for a fairly short time (only about 2-3 hours), and also negatively affects the condition of the mucous membrane. It is after using Naphthyzin that there are frequent complaints of drying out of the nasal mucosa. Xylometazoline is relatively gentle on the delicate ciliated epithelium, and oxymetazoline and tramazoline have the mildest effect on it. The latter, by the way, lasts longer than all other nasal drops - up to 8 hours.

When using intranasal vasoconstrictors, we must not forget that they can be instilled for no longer than 5–7 days. Drug-induced rhinitis will not be long in coming, and then new problems with the nasal mucosa can no longer be avoided.

Oral decongestants

Along with local, that is, intranasal forms, internal alpha-adrenergic agonists are also used. Just like nasal drops, tablets or syrups stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors and help constrict blood vessels and relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa. However, unlike drops, oral medications can be taken for a longer period of time.

As a rule, vasoconstrictor internal agents are produced in combinations with other components, in particular antipyretic and antiallergic, and are used for colds and flu.

As complex decongestants, let's name TheraFlu, which contains vitamin C, paracetamol, pheniramine and the alpha-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine. In addition, there are combinations with the antitussive drug dextromethophan, for example, Terasil-D. It contains dextromethorphan, chlorphenamine and phenylephrine. Koldakt, another complex decongestant medicine, contains chlorphenamine and phenylpropanolamine, which is an excellent vasoconstrictor.

Herbal remedies and homeopathy against swelling of the nasal cavity

It is impossible not to mention the possibilities of herbal medicine. Unlike synthetic medicines, herbal medicines can be taken without regard to the calendar. They are safe and quite effective, especially when used systematically and regularly.

The most popular herbal remedies include:

  • Pinosol nasal drops, which contain essential oils of pine, mint, eucalyptus, thymol and vitamin E.

This combination has anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effects. However, if you are prone to allergic reactions, Pinosol should not be used;

  • Sinupret tablets and drops for internal use.

A German herbal remedy that reduces swelling of the nasal mucosa and promotes its restoration. Sinupret is approved for use by children, which adds a lot of points to its benefits.

Sometimes homeopathic nasal sprays are used as local decongestants, for example, Delufen, Euphorbium compositum. However, it should be remembered that, as a rule, they do not begin to act immediately, and for some people their effect may not be noticeable at all. In addition, homeopathic lozenges are also used as an additional means to reduce swelling. Most often, the choice is on Cinnabsin (produced by the German Homeopathic Union), a little less often on Renel (Hel, Germany).

Dry nasal mucosa: a problem that needs to be solved

The cause of dry nasal mucosa may be:

  • infectious process in the nasopharynx;
  • allergic reaction;
  • excessively dry indoor air;
  • hormonal changes in the body (for example, during pregnancy);
  • drug-induced rhinitis;
  • atrophic rhinitis and others.

Despite its apparent harmlessness, dry nasal mucosa can lead to serious consequences. Drying of the ciliated epithelium leads to disruption of the ciliary apparatus, and, consequently, to stagnation of nasal secretions. As a result, inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses develop - rhinitis and sinusitis. Inaction threatens the transition of acute inflammation to chronic.

Meanwhile, eliminating dry nasal mucosa is not so difficult. There are several remedies that effectively cope with this symptom.

The beneficial effect of an isotonic solution on the nasal mucosa has been proven in clinical trials. A solution of sodium chloride at a concentration of 0.9% effectively moisturizes the nasal mucosa, thins nasal secretions and restores mucociliary clearance. Let us recall that it is understood as a mechanism that provides local protection of the nasopharyngeal mucosa from infection and other external factors.

When choosing a saline solution, you can choose drops and spray. The most famous drugs in Russia include AquaMaris, Humer, Dolphin and others.

  1. Essential oils.

    Oils of eucalyptus, fir, mint and other plants have a bactericidal and moisturizing effect. But you should not apply them directly to the nasal mucosa - they are too concentrated and can cause irritation and even burns.

    It is much safer and more effective to carry out inhalation treatment by dissolving the oil in a few milliliters of water.

  1. Baby oils.

    Regular application of baby oil can be a fairly effective way to moisturize the mucous membranes.

  1. Nose ointments.

    Although nasal ointments are not intended to moisturize the mucous membrane, their regular use several times a day is excellent for hydration. It is best to select neutral ointments without a vasoconstrictor component, for example, Pinosol nasal ointment (contraindicated if you are allergic to medicinal plants), Oxolinic ointment.

If nasal dryness occurs in combination with other intranasal medications, it is necessary to evaluate the benefits and harms of their use. Vasoconstrictor nasal drops should be discontinued immediately or, if used for less than a week, replaced with an alternative.

How to restore the nasal mucosa?

One of the most pressing problems of otorhinolaryngology is the restoration of the nasal mucosa. Indeed, during some diseases, for example, rhinitis, especially chronic, as well as drug-induced or atrophic inflammatory processes, structural changes can occur in the epithelium of the nasal mucosa. A frequent consequence of this is disruption or complete stoppage of the ciliary apparatus. And, therefore, the next complications are chronic atrophic rhinitis, sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, and so on. How to prevent this and restore the mucous membrane quickly and effectively?

The range of medications for the nasal cavity is not very extensive, and to restore the mucous membrane after inflammatory diseases and injuries, drugs that are already familiar to us are used. Let's list them:

  1. Saline solutions containing 0.9% sodium chloride (AquaMaris, Humer, Dolphin, Physiomer and other nasal rinses).
  2. Derinat. A drug based on sodium deoxyribonucleate, which has a pronounced reparative, that is, healing effect.
  3. Edas 131. Russian homeopathic medicine that reduces inflammation and accelerates healing of the nasal mucosa.
  4. Other intranasal homeopathic remedies (Delufen, Euphorbium).
  5. Pinosol drops and ointment for the nose.

Folk remedies are used to restore the integrity and function of the nasal mucosa. Thus, aloe juice has excellent healing properties, which is instilled 4-6 drops into each nasal passage 3-4 times a day for 1-2 weeks.

An excellent remedy for combating dryness and irritation of the mucous membrane is sea buckthorn oil. A few drops of oil 2-3 times a day will help quickly restore damaged nasal mucosa.

It is often recommended to use propolis preparations as anti-inflammatory and healing agents for nasal diseases. Note that propolis tincture, which is sold in pharmacies, is not suitable for this purpose: in undiluted form it can cause a burn to the mucous membrane, and in diluted form it will cause dryness and irritation.

Therefore, before you begin restoring the nasal mucosa, consult a doctor or pharmacist and choose only safe drugs. And your eyelashes will certainly begin to work in full force.

Share with others.

Good articles to follow:

Educational article. Everyone will find information for themselves individually.

I want to share my experience of using propolis.

1. I bought propolis from Tentorium in an aqueous solution and dripped it into my nose.

2. I bought propolis at the market and made propolis ointment myself according to the recipe. I put this ointment in my nose and waited for it to dissolve and flow through the nasopharynx. If the mucous membrane was inflamed, then there was a terrible pain. Now I think that it was not worth treating it like that, I irritated the mucous membrane even more. All comes with experience.

Why do they write almost everywhere about sea buckthorn oil as an excellent remedy that restores mucous membranes?? I DO NOT RECOMMEND using it if you have dry nose, because sea buckthorn oil will dry it out even more. It's verified! And all doctors know about this. Do not mislead people. It is a terrible condition where there is a continuous burning sensation in the nose several hours after using this oil.

Source: http://gaimoriti.ru/o-gaimorite/slizistaya-obolochka-nosa.html

What are some nasal decongestants?

With the development of an inflammatory or allergic process in the nasal cavity, swelling occurs in all cases. In such a situation, swelling of the mucous membrane indicates the onset of dangerous inflammation, which can subsequently lead to bacterial rhinitis or inflammation of the maxillary sinuses. In addition, nasal swelling is dangerous for the patient due to its acute symptoms, so this symptom must be eliminated as quickly as possible.

It is known that such a pathological process causes the most unpleasant symptoms. These include nasal congestion and nasal breathing dysfunction. In addition, swelling causes pain in the sinuses, and with a long course of the disease it provokes the appearance of unpleasant sensations in the head. Other symptoms include fever, the appearance of thin mucous secretions and redness of the cavity. A nasal decongestant will help eliminate such symptoms and restore breathing.

Causes of swelling

Swelling of the nasal mucosa occurs due to excess blood in the cavity of the respiratory organ. As a result of this process, the patient feels swelling of the mucous membrane, which provokes the formation of edema.

The root causes include exposure to allergens. When the patient comes into contact with dust, pets, or active exposure to pollen, the patient experiences swelling. Other causes of allergic effects include long-term treatment of respiratory inflammation with medications, as well as certain foods.

It is necessary to determine the type of allergen as quickly as possible, since the success of treatment depends on the speed of identifying the root cause.

The effect on the mucous membrane may be due to the penetration of viruses or a harmful infection.

With this process, the basic functions of the nasal cavity are disrupted. During inflammation, copious amounts of mucus are formed, which provokes the formation of swelling.

Vasomotor rhinitis may occur due to a respiratory disease. With this course, the swelling goes away after a few days, but during the period of activation of the disease, the patient suffers from acute symptoms. If treatment is not received at this stage, the patient is at risk of developing acute sinusitis or sinusitis.

Rhinitis can form due to trauma. Swelling in this case manifests itself first and causes severe pain. The same reason includes the curvature of the nasal septum, as well as the formation of a tumor, cyst, or the development of polyps and adenoids. Swelling in such a situation only signals to the patient about a hidden danger.

The last reason for the appearance of swelling is considered to be a weak immune system, hypothermia, or a pathological process in the body due to individual characteristics.

List of decongestants

You can choose decongestant drugs for the nose in tablets or drops only if the inflammation is correctly diagnosed. Unfortunately, there is no universal drug for the treatment of swelling in the nasal cavity, so it is important to undergo a diagnosis and determine all the factors causing inflammation. Only after this procedure can you choose the necessary medication.

Decongestant nasal drops for children must be used more carefully. Almost all of the drugs listed can be used to treat children.

Otrivin

One of the effective drops is Otrivin. It contains xylometazoline, which is a drug for vasoconstriction. Therefore, it has an adrenomimetic effect and helps eliminate swelling a short time after administration.

By causing vasoconstriction, Otrivin eliminates swelling and hyperemia of the entire nasopharynx cavity.

The active component of the drug helps relieve congestion and provide nasal breathing, for which it is especially loved by patients who often suffer from vasomotor rhinitis.

In addition, the drug can be used for acute inflammation of respiratory ailments with the manifestation of any type of rhinitis. Otrivin effectively copes with hay fever, sinusitis and allergic rhinitis.

When used correctly, the drug has an anticholinergic effect. It is not dangerous for treatment of inflammation in young children. However, it is important to consult during pregnancy, as well as during lactation.

The auxiliary component of Otrivin reduces the secretion of mucous secretion in just a few minutes; this product can be used no more than twice a day. The course of treatment should not exceed five days. This time is enough to eliminate the swelling completely.

ForNose

ForNose is a powerful drug that has a beneficial effect on nasal congestion and severe swelling. It should be used in case of lack of nasal breathing due to inflammation of rhinitis.

For Nos should be used intranasally three times a day for five days. During this time, the active component of the drug will reduce secretion and stop discharge from the nasal cavity. This effect is achieved by combining powerful components.

When administered correctly, the product does not irritate the nasal lining, which is especially important when treating swelling. In addition, ForNos does not cause hyperemia of the mucous part, so it is approved for use from six years of age.

The effect of the drug occurs ten minutes after administration. The effect lasts for eight hours.

For Nos should be used for severe swelling, which impairs breathing and causes pain. Before administration, make sure that there are no allergic reactions to the components of the drug, and also pay attention to reading the instructions.

Xymelin

For severe swelling, doctors may prescribe Xymelin. This drug is contraindicated for the treatment of children and pregnant women, since it contains quite powerful ingredients that are not intended for use during pregnancy.

Xymelin copes with swelling due to rhinitis, trauma, or due to improper treatment of previous inflammations. Its action is aimed at improving respiratory functions, and the beneficial effect occurs three minutes after administration.

The instructions for use of the drug warn that Xymelin is prohibited for arterial hypertension, as well as for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, angina pectoris or cardiac dysfunction. In other cases, the drug can be used up to three times a day. No more than four drops of the drug are allowed to be administered per use.

For the best effect, it is necessary to sanitize the nasal cavity before use.

Xylene

Combined drug for relieving puffiness - Xylene. It is known in the medical community as a strong medicine that helps with vasomotor rhinitis. Before use, read the instructions, as Xylene has some side effects.

Use caution during treatment if you are particularly sensitive to the components of the product, as well as with congenital pathologies in the structure of the nose. When treating patients suffering from frequent bleeding, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Xylene is allowed to be used twice a day, morning and evening. Up to three drops of the product must be administered at a time. If swelling occurs with additional symptoms, the doctor may increase the dosage to five drops.

Monitor the patient for side effects. These include sleep disturbances, lack of appetite, slight dizziness, and changes in body temperature. It is important to follow the dosage and not use more drops, as there is a risk of increased blood pressure and tremor.

Galazolin

Vasoconstrictor medication to get rid of swelling - Galazolin. It is known in ENT practice as a powerful drug intended for local administration. When introduced into the nasal cavity, the drops affect the blood vessels.

When they narrow, the patient notes a decrease in swelling and improvement in nasal breathing. This effect is achieved due to imidazole derivatives, which are part of the drug.

In addition to constricting blood vessels and reducing swelling, Galazolin provokes a decrease in hyperemia of the nasopharyngeal mucosa and helps reduce the amount of discharge from the nasal cavity. Due to the use of Galazolin, the patient notes improved breathing and relief from congestion.

The drug does not act immediately, but within ten minutes after administration. Its effect is not long-lasting, but with preliminary sanitation of the nasal cavity it lasts up to six hours.

Galazolin can be used in a strictly permitted dosage for acute rhinitis caused by a viral or bacterial infection. In addition, the medication effectively copes with swelling caused by allergic rhinitis or acute sinusitis. Indications also include use for hay fever, chronic sinusitis and otitis media.

Xylometazoline

To get rid of swelling, the doctor may prescribe Xylometazoline. It is necessary to use this drug with special care, since it contains the component of the same name.

It is dangerous when treating pregnant women, and therefore requires prior consultation. In other cases, the medication has a strong effect on the mucous cavity and helps get rid of swelling in record time.

The interaction of the active component with receptors allows to reduce the inflammatory process and improve the patient’s well-being within a few minutes. After the administration of Xylometazoline, there is an immediate improvement in nasal breathing and a decrease in hyperemia.

Xylometazoline should be used for swelling caused by acute rhinitis, sinusitis, hay fever or inflammation of the mucous membrane due to exposure to allergens.

At a time, three drops are allowed to be introduced into each passage. In total, it is allowed to administer no more than two times throughout the day. The product can be used for no more than three days.

Conclusion

It is not difficult to get rid of swelling in the mucous membrane, however, it is important to establish the root cause of this pathology. If the patient has been diagnosed with viral or bacterial inflammation, decongestants alone will not have the desired effect. In this case, the patient needs complex treatment aimed at the cause of inflammation.

Directory of main ENT diseases and their treatment

All information on the site is for informational purposes only and does not claim to be absolutely accurate from a medical point of view. Treatment must be carried out by a qualified doctor. By self-medicating you can harm yourself!

Source: http://gorlonos.com/preparaty/protivootechnye-dlya-nosa.html

Decongestant nasal drops for children

Some experienced otolaryngologists recommend using complex nasal drops in the treatment of many ENT diseases. These are medicines that contain two or more components.

Typically, this type of medication is used for long-term problems when other remedies do not help. Their use must be agreed with a doctor, from whom instructions for the preparation, use and storage of the solution must also be received. Currently, the use of complex nasal drops has decreased, as combination drugs appear in medicine, for example, Polydex, which contain many components necessary for treatment. However, there are specialists who sometimes consider it necessary to use the old proven method even for treating children.

Complex nasal drops have their own advantages and disadvantages that must be taken into account when starting to use them. The advantages of such funds are as follows:

  • the doctor makes an individual selection of components for an adult or a child, determined by the specific symptoms and characteristics of the patient,
  • the components of complex drops are most often inexpensive and accessible means,
  • The effectiveness of using several means at the same time is higher than when using them separately.
Despite all the advantages, it is necessary to pay attention to the existing disadvantages:
  • individual components are not initially indicated for use in the form of nasal drops,
  • if you do not follow the correct proportions, you can overdose when preparing the solution yourself,
  • some medications have a systemic effect on the body,
  • It’s quite difficult to prepare a mixture for complex drops yourself,
  • due to the large number of components, not only the beneficial effect increases, but also contraindications, side effects,
  • There are no clinical studies of such drugs regarding their effectiveness and safety for adults and children.

Complex nasal drops are prescribed in the same situations as regular drops:

  • for acute and chronic rhinitis,
  • for acute and chronic sinusitis,
  • for otitis and other problems of the nasal cavity and ENT organs in adults and children.

These drugs are used for viral, bacterial and allergic causes of the disease. Depending on the cause of the disease, the composition of the drops is determined.

Complex nasal drops usually include several different components:

  • Saline solution, water or antiseptic solution act as a base for the drops. As an antiseptic, the composition may include “Furacilin” or “Dioxidin”. The most common component in complex drops is Dioxidin. “Dioxidin” also has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effects, and therefore it is appropriate to use it if you are predisposed to sinusitis and other severe problems associated with difficulty in nasal breathing. The prescription may also contain a solution of collargol or protargol, but these drugs are not used to treat children under 5 years of age due to the presence of colloidal silver.
  • Antihistamines are necessary to relieve swelling of the mucous membrane and relieve itching and burning in the nose. They are especially relevant for diseases of an allergic nature. The drops usually include Suprastin or Diphenhydramine.
  • Almost every recipe for complex nasal drops contains vasoconstrictors. Thanks to them, nasal congestion goes away and the nasal passages widen. If the product is prepared in a pharmacy, Adrenaline or Mezaton can be used. When making drops at home, ready-made vasoconstrictor preparations for the nose are used, for example, Naphthyzin. Vasoconstrictor drugs should be used with caution in the treatment of children and pregnant women, as they cause increased heart rate and increased blood pressure. You cannot use products containing vasoconstrictor drugs for longer than 5-7 days, so as not to cause atrophic processes in the mucosa.
  • Glucocorticosteroid hormones have anti-inflammatory, anti-edema and anti-allergic effects, so they are also sometimes included in complex drops. Dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, etc. are usually used. It is worth remembering that such substances, when used for a long time, can inhibit the functions of the adrenal glands, and therefore they must be used with extreme caution, especially if the drugs are intended for a child. It is better to use drugs indicated for intranasal use, for example, Nasobek or Nasonex.
  • Sometimes the recipe for complex nasal drops contains antibiotics, but there must be indications for their use (only if the disease is bacterial in nature). Lincomycin, penicillin, or gentamicin may be used. If the drops are prepared at home, it is better not to use antibiotics, otherwise there is a high probability of severe side effects.
  • Additional agents may include extracts of medicinal plants, essential oils or solutions of vitamins that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Below we will consider popular recipes for complex nasal drops, but they can only be used after consulting an otolaryngologist. It is impossible to self-medicate, especially if a child is sick, otherwise serious consequences may arise. Typically, such serious measures are resorted to in cases where a runny nose does not go away for a long time and is complicated by other health problems.

  1. One of the popular recipes for preparing complex nasal drops is the following: mix Naphthyzin (0.05% solution) and Dioxidin in equal proportions. You can mix such a solution directly in a Naphthyzin jar. A similar remedy is used to relieve adults and children from a prolonged runny nose and the complications that arise from it (for example, adenoiditis). There is an opinion that you can use Dioxidin alone, but in some cases without Naphthyzin it is absolutely ineffective.
  2. Another popular recipe with Dioxidin includes a larger number of ingredients. Mix “Dioxidin” (half an ampoule), “Naphthyzin” (half a vial), “Dexamethasone” (1 ampoule), “Diphenhydramine” (1 ampoule).
  3. Pharmacy drops with Dioxidin usually contain a suspension of Hydrocortisone and Adrenaline, but such products are prepared only in pharmacies and not at home.
  4. Another option for preparing complex nasal drops: mix “Dioxidin” (5 ml), a 2.5% solution of hydrocortisone (2 ml), “Mezaton” (1 ml) and “Lincomycin” (2 ml).
  5. Another recipe involves a mixture of Dexamethasone (10 ml), Albucid (10 ml), Adrenaline (1 ml) and Tavegil (2 ml). Albucid is usually used to treat eye diseases, but it is often included in nasal drops.
  6. For children, the following composition is often recommended: a bottle of penicillin for 500 units, an ampoule of Hydrocortisone, 0.3 ml of boiled water and 7 ml of Naphthyzin.
  7. There are recipes that contain a larger number of components (for example, Diphenhydramine, Dexamethasone, Cefazolin, Naphthyzin, saline, aloe juice), but such products can be effective in some cases and useless or even dangerous in others . The doctor always selects a prescription individually, based on the patient’s symptoms.

Drops containing “Dioxidin” or prepared according to another recipe are usually used according to the following algorithm:

  • it is necessary to clean the nose (in small children - using an aspirator),
  • instill 1-2 drops of the product into each nostril (if it is difficult to put drops in a child’s nose, you can soak cotton swabs in the prepared solution and leave them in the nose for 1-2 minutes),
  • After a few minutes, you can drop a drop of vegetable oil into each nostril.

After preparing the mixture, it can be stored in the refrigerator for 5-7 days, but usually the use of complex drops involves quick relief from a runny nose and other problems.

Often, diseases of the upper respiratory tract are accompanied by ailments and headaches. The monastic collection of Father George showed excellent results in the treatment of a wide range of diseases. The collection is a complete healing complex that not only eliminates diseases, but also supplies the body with useful microelements and vitamins. This is what Nikolai Baskov says about the monastery gathering of Father George.

Source: http://www.otekstop.ru/v-oblasti-golovy/nos/6197-protivootechnye-kapli-dlya-nosa-rebenku.html