Pharyngitis in a 3 year old child: how to treat it

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Pharyngitis in children

By pharyngitis, doctors mean severe inflammation of the lymphoid tissue and mucous membranes in the throat. This unpleasant disease is accompanied by a lot of unpleasant symptoms and can be infectious.

Table of contents:

In children, this disease manifests itself much more strongly than in adults and requires qualified comprehensive treatment.

Causes

Pharyngitis can be caused by a number of reasons. The most famous of them:

  1. Bacteria. Most often, the mucous membranes and lymphoid tissue are affected by pneumococci and streptococci.
  2. Viruses. The activators of the problem in this case are adenoviruses or influenza.
  3. Mushrooms. Pharyngitis can be caused by a fungal infection called candida.
  4. Complications of other diseases. A number of diseases of the nasopharynx and adjacent organs, in particular rhinitis, sinusitis and even caries, in advanced stages activate the development of pharyngitis.
  5. Physiological reasons. The disease may not be of an infectious nature, in particular, it can be induced by the influence of chemical irritants on the body, inhalation of very cold, hot or dirty air.
  6. Allergy. Natural and drug allergies also provoke the development of pharyngitis.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of pharyngitis in children usually include:

  1. Severe pain and sore throat, especially when eating and swallowing.
  2. High temperature, usually between 38 and 40 degrees Celsius.
  3. Lack of appetite and severe lethargy.

The younger your baby is, the more severe the symptoms of pharyngitis will be. This disease is especially dangerous in children under one year of age, since it causes swelling of the mucous membrane, which ultimately, given the underdevelopment of the respiratory system, can cause throat spasm and suffocation.

Types of pharyngitis

Next, we will consider the most common types of diseases that are often diagnosed in children.

Acute pharyngitis

This type of disease develops rapidly and immediately after the mucous membrane of the throat is damaged by an infection or an irritating factor. In this case, a high temperature immediately rises, and a full “bouquet” of the above-described symptoms is observed.

Chronic pharyngitis

The chronic form of pharyngitis almost never forms on its own and is either a transitional process between the acute phase of the above-mentioned disease, or a consequence of constant irritation of the mucous membranes by an unfavorable factor. Chronic pharyngitis has remission phases with temporary disappearance of symptoms and exacerbations, similar in clinical manifestations to the acute form of the disease.

Granular pharyngitis

With granulosa pharyngitis, not only the mucous membrane, but also the lymphoid tissue is severely affected, resulting in the formation of peculiar “red nodules” on the back wall of the pharynx, formed from the altered structure of the epithelium. These “granules” greatly irritate the trigeminal nerve, the mucous membranes become very dry, fibrosis of other tissues in the pharynx and atrophy of the glands are also observed.

Atrophic pharyngitis

The last stage of development of untreated pharyngitis is characterized by a strong pathogenic change in the glandular, lymphoid and mucous apparatus of the pharynx. Hypotrophy of such structures leads to serious complications not only with accompanying organs, but also negatively affects the intestines and stomach.

The symptoms of pharyngitis and tonsillitis should be distinguished - they are similar in symptoms, but the infection in these two cases is localized in different places. A severe chest cough and coughing at night usually indicates the manifestation of symptoms of bronchitis - the infection descends below and affects the associated parts of the respiratory apparatus.

Treatment of pharyngitis in children

It will not be possible to cure pharyngitis in a child with just a miracle spray or magic sucking tablets, especially if the disease is advanced and is at the final stage of development. Act systematically and correctly!

In children 1-12 months

In very young children, pharyngitis is very painful, and it is also quite problematic to use rinsing in this case, since the child simply does not know how to do it. It is highly undesirable to carry out any activities on your own, since you can harm the baby’s fragile body. In case of acute pharyngitis, it is necessary to urgently seek qualified medical help.

If your baby’s pharyngitis is mild, there is no high fever and there are no contraindications for use, then you can put a honey-mustard compress on your child’s throat.

It is also worth giving your baby plenty of warm liquids to drink. Ventilate and humidify the rooms where the baby is constantly located. The affected throat can be moistened with antiseptic agents that do not contain alcohol, menthol and other irritants. If they are not available, grind one Faringosept tablet into dust, dip the pacifier in the ground mixture and let the child suck. The maximum dose should not exceed ¼ tablet, no more than three times a day.

In children 1-2 years old

In children of this age, pharyngitis is also severe, but not as intense as in infants. They also need to be given plenty of fluids, apply compresses if there are no contraindications, and also carry out inhalations, preferably with a nebulizer, using saline or Borjomi water as the active substance.

At this age, you can already start using antiseptic sprays - these are Givalex and Yox: they disinfect the affected throat and promote a speedy recovery. In addition, the room where the child is constantly located must be regularly ventilated and ensure normal humidity.

For children over 3 years old

With the onset of the disease, the child needs bed rest and plenty of drinking with alkali. Try to organize a diet that is gentle on the body, remove as much as possible all sweet, sour and fried foods, saturating your diet with fruits.

For pharyngitis, honey compresses on the feet, as well as hot foot baths, help. It is rational to carry out inhalations both using a nebulizer and using classic decoctions of medicinal mixtures.

From the age of three, children already know how to gargle - both with special antiseptic medicinal liquids and mixtures prepared independently: dissolve two drops of iodine and furatsilin in 300 milliliters of warm boiled water, then bring the temperature to room temperature and let the child gargle by typing in mouth the liquid, throwing his head back, sticking out his tongue, opening his mouth wide and saying “ahh”.

In addition, as an alternative, use antiseptic sprays in the throat - these are iodine-based Yox and Givalex. If your child already knows how to dissolve tablets, then it is recommended to give him lozenges and tablets against pharyngitis: Faringosept, Septolete, Angisept, etc.

Antibiotics for pharyngitis in children

A separate dispute between doctors and parents is the need to use antibiotics for pharyngitis. A fairly large number of cases of this disease can indeed be cured without resorting to extensive antibacterial therapy, but in particularly difficult cases it cannot be avoided, especially when it comes to a threat to the life of a child or an advanced stage of the disease, up to atrophy of the mucous membrane.

In this case, the best possible option would be to use not broad-spectrum antibiotics, but local remedies that do not have such a negative effect on your child’s liver, kidneys and heart. In addition, for the antibiotic to be truly effective in such a situation, it is worth taking it together with corticosteroids, also for local use.

The most popular drugs of this type used in the treatment of pharyngitis are Bioparox, Biseptol, Hexoral.

Prevention

Basic measures to prevent pharyngitis:

  1. Maintain normal humidity in the premises, especially in the autumn-winter period.
  2. Drive your child through dusty and gas-polluted areas as little as possible.
  3. Don't smoke around your child.
  4. During the onset of seasonal epidemics, take multivitamin complexes, give your baby interferon and homeopathic medicines that increase immunity. For preventive purposes, take daily evening inhalations with infusions of rose hips, chamomile and sea buckthorn, as well as Borjomi water.
  5. If possible, begin to harden your child.

Useful video

Dr. Komarovsky talks about the dangers of pharyngitis in children, as well as methods of treating it.

Source: http://www.doctorfm.ru/sickness/faringit-u-detey

Pharyngitis in children

Pharyngitis in children is an infectious-inflammatory process in the mucous membrane and lymphoid tissue of the oropharynx. Pharyngitis in children occurs with symptoms of dryness, burning, rawness, sore throat, coughing, and hoarseness. Diagnosis of pharyngitis in children is based on the pharyngoscopy picture and the results of a microbiological examination of a smear from the back wall of the pharynx. For pharyngitis in children, local therapy is usually carried out: gargling, lubricating the mucous membrane of the back of the throat with antiseptics, inhalation, irrigating the throat with aerosols.

Pharyngitis in children

Pharyngitis in children is a manifestation of an acute respiratory infection that occurs with inflammation of the mucous membrane and lymphoid structures of the posterior pharyngeal wall. In frequently ill children, pharyngitis accounts for about 40% of all cases of morbidity. In otolaryngology, chronic pharyngitis in children accounts for 9% of the total number of upper respiratory tract diseases. Given the tendency of children to diffuse damage to the respiratory tract, pharyngitis in a child is often combined with rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, and bronchitis.

Causes of pharyngitis in children

As an independent nosology, pharyngitis in children develops with the direct impact of infectious pathogens on the pharyngeal mucosa. In addition, acute pharyngitis can serve as one of the manifestations of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, general infections, intestinal infections, etc.

The greatest role in the etiology of pharyngitis in children belongs to viral infections (influenza and herpes viruses, adenoviruses, enteroviruses) and bacterial microorganisms (Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella, streptococci of groups A, C, G, diplococci, corynebacteria diphtheria), fungi, intracellular agents (mycoplasma, chlamydia). Acute pharyngitis of viral etiology in children accounts for 70% of cases, bacterial and others - 30%.

Acute pharyngitis in children can accompany the clinical course of acute respiratory viral infections, infectious mononucleosis, measles, and scarlet fever. In some cases, the cause of pharyngitis in children may be burns and foreign bodies in the pharynx. Chronic pharyngitis in children is usually associated with other inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs (rhinitis, adenoiditis, sinusitis, stomatitis, sore throat, chronic tonsillitis), caries, dysbacteriosis, gastroesophageal reflux, allergic reactions. Tonsillectomy performed at the age of 3-7 years, during the period of active immunogenesis, can stimulate compensatory hypertrophy of the lymphoid tissue of the posterior pharyngeal wall and the development of chronic pharyngitis in children.

The occurrence of pharyngitis in a child is predisposed by general and local hypothermia, exposure to the pharyngeal mucosa of various irritants (tobacco smoke, spicy food, cold or dusty air, etc.), constitutional abnormalities, hypovitaminosis (vitamin A deficiency), endocrine disorders (hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus). ).

Classification of pharyngitis in children

Based on the nature of inflammation of the pharyngeal tissues, acute (lasting up to 1 month), protracted (lasting more than 1 month) and chronic pharyngitis in children (lasting more than 6 months with frequent exacerbations) are distinguished. Chronic pharyngitis in children can occur in catarrhal, hyperplastic (granulosa) and atrophic forms.

Since viral and bacterial agents have a tropism for the epithelium of the upper and lower respiratory tract, pharyngitis in children usually occurs not in an isolated form, but in the form of nasopharyngitis, pharyngolaryngitis, pharyngotracheitis, and pharyngobronchitis.

Taking into account the influencing etiological factors, pharyngitis in children can be of a viral, bacterial, fungal, allergic, or traumatic nature.

Symptoms of pharyngitis in children

Signs of acute pharyngitis in children are a sudden burning sensation, dryness, soreness, rawness and pain in the throat when swallowing. Characterized by a shallow cough and hoarseness. Body temperature may be normal or low-grade; if pharyngitis in a child develops against the background of a viral infection, the temperature is usually high due to the underlying disease, headache, intoxication syndrome, and regional lymphadenitis are pronounced. In infants, pharyngitis is much more severe; in this case, general symptoms predominate: severe fever, sleep disturbance, loss of appetite, salivation, dysphagia, dyspepsia, runny nose, conjunctivitis, rash on the body.

The pharyngoscopic picture is characterized by bright hyperemia and pronounced vascular injection of the posterior wall of the pharynx, velopharyngeal arches, and soft palate; the presence of protruding inflamed follicles in the form of red grains. With lateral pharyngitis in children, hyperemia and edema involve the lateral ridges of the pharynx and uvula.

Severe acute bacterial pharyngitis in children may be complicated by the development of a retropharyngeal abscess, purulent otitis media or purulent mediastinitis.

With chronic catarrhal pharyngitis, children are bothered by discomfort and the sensation of a foreign body in the throat, and an obsessive cough. Upon examination, the mucosa is loosened, diffusely infiltrated and hyperemic.

Chronic hyperplastic pharyngitis is characterized by hyperplasia of the epithelium, submucosal layer and lymphoid elements. Children complain of sore and dry throat, accumulation of viscous mucous secretion with the urge to vomit, pain when swallowing, radiating to the ear. Hyperemia of the mucous membrane is moderate, but against this background there is noticeable thickening of the mucous membrane and lateral ridges, the presence of lymphoid granules or strands of lymphoid tissue, sometimes blocking the mouths of the auditory tubes and leading to the development of conductive hearing loss in children.

Atrophic pharyngitis in childhood is rare and almost never occurs in isolation. It is usually accompanied by atrophic rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, and the clinical course is accompanied by an obsessive dry cough and voice disturbance such as dysphonia. Endoscopy of the pharynx in children reveals a pale, dry (with a “varnish shine”), thinned mucous membrane with translucent vessels, dried and difficult to remove crusts.

Subjective symptoms of fungal pharyngitis in children (pharyngomycosis) do not differ from catarrhal and hyperplastic forms. Objectively, cracks and erosions in the corners of the mouth (candida seizures), enlargement of the posterior cervical lymph nodes, and a cheesy coating in the posterior wall of the pharynx, under which a bright red, often eroded, mucous membrane is visible, are often detected.

Diagnosis of pharyngitis in children

Recognizing pharyngitis in children is not difficult, but it should be distinguished from catarrhal tonsillitis, diphtheria and other infectious diseases. Therefore, a child with pharyngitis should be consulted by a pediatrician, pediatric otolaryngologist, pediatric infectious disease specialist, and pediatric allergist-immunologist.

When diagnosing pharyngitis in children, data from the anamnesis and pharyngoscopy picture are taken into account. To identify inflammatory processes accompanying pharyngitis in children, auscultation, rhinoscopy, and otoscopy are performed. Examination of a smear from the pharynx for microflora makes it possible to clarify the causative agent of the infection for the selection of etiopathogenetic therapy.

Treatment of pharyngitis in children

As a rule, for pharyngitis in children, they are limited to the prescription of local therapy. During acute inflammation, irritating foods (spicy, sour, cold, hot), exposure to nicotine should be excluded from the diet, comfortable temperature and humidity levels in the room should be ensured, and vocal strain should be limited.

Local treatment of pharyngitis in children includes disinfectant gargles (herbal decoctions, antiseptics), treatment of the back wall of the pharynx with drugs (Lugol's solutions, iodinol, etc.), medicinal and alkaline inhalations, spraying of anti-inflammatory aerosols, resorption of lozenges with an antibacterial, softening, analgesic effect . Young children who cannot rinse their mouths or dissolve tablets are prescribed plenty of fluids and endopharyngeal instillation of antiseptics. If there is a threat of bacterial complications (descending infection, rheumatism), systemic antimicrobial therapy is indicated.

In case of severe hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue, laser treatment is performed on granules of the pharynx, cauterization with silver nitrate, shading of the posterior wall of the pharynx using the radio wave method, cryodestruction of granules and side ridges.

To prevent exacerbations of chronic pharyngitis in children, measures are taken to restore nasal breathing, sanitize foci of chronic infection (treatment of hypertrophic rhinitis and sinusitis, adenotomy, submucosal resection of the nasal septum), treatment of caries, concomitant gastrointestinal diseases (intestinal dysbiosis, GERD), etc.

Oil inhalations, climatotherapy, and instillation of oil drops into the nose are added to the treatment of atrophic pharyngitis in children. For pharyngomycosis, antimycotic drugs (amphotericin, ketoconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole), lubrication and irrigation of the pharynx with antifungal solutions, and OKUF therapy are prescribed.

Treatment of chronic tonsillitis in children can be carried out under the supervision of a pediatric homeopath.

Forecast and prevention of pharyngitis in children

With acute pharyngitis, children usually recover within 7-14 days. As part of the treatment of chronic pharyngitis in children, it is necessary to resort to regular symptomatic therapy or surgical tactics.

As measures to prevent pharyngitis in children, hardening procedures, strengthening the immune system, carrying out specific vaccine prevention of infections, maintaining a favorable microclimate in the room, and a nutritious diet are recommended. A child should not be allowed to develop chronic ENT pathology; It is necessary to treat diseases of the teeth, gums, and gastrointestinal tract in a timely manner.

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Pharyngitis in a child. Causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention

Acute pharyngitis - inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx - is rarely an independent disease; most often it is combined with acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract (flu, acute respiratory infections).

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the back wall of the pharynx is called pharyngitis (from the Latin word “farings” - pharynx). Parents usually talk about this condition as “red throat”. Typically viral in origin, it may also be associated with group A B-hemolytic streptococcus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, or other pathogens. The occurrence of the disease is facilitated by various unfavorable factors - hypothermia, spicy, hot or cold food, gas pollution and dust in the air (the incidence in cities is usually higher than in rural areas), smoking and alcohol abuse, infectious diseases, decreased body resistance, kidney and blood diseases .

Symptoms of pharyngitis

Pharyngitis is a fairly common disease and occurs in a variety of forms. According to localization, it can be superficial - the mucous membrane of the pharynx suffers - this is a catarrhal form. Damage to the lymphadenoid elements located in a deeper layer, under the mucous membrane, is another form called granulosa pharyngitis.

Pharyngitis can be limited, for example, to the area of ​​the lateral ridges and more widespread throughout the posterior wall of the pharynx. The nature of inflammation can be acute, subacute and chronic. Pharyngitis can be an independent disease (with viral lesions), but much more often in children it develops secondarily, that is, it is a consequence of another underlying disease. Typically, such pharyngitis is a symptom of acute or subacute adenoiditis, tonsillitis, or exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.

There are complaints of discomfort in the throat (“sore throat”), pain, which in most cases is insignificant, but sometimes very sharp and accompanied by a rise in body temperature to 38 ° C.

Acute pharyngitis in young children is severe, with high fever and pronounced general symptoms: adynamia (pronounced lethargy), lack of appetite, sleep disturbance, increased ESR domm/h. However, it must be considered that in these cases the disease should be regarded as acute adenoiditis with corresponding symptoms.

The diagnosis is made based on examination of the pharynx: there is hyperemia (redness), swelling and infiltration of the mucous membrane of the posterior wall of the pharynx, velopharyngeal arches, and sometimes the soft palate. With lateral pharyngitis, hyperemia and swelling of the lateral ridges of the pharynx are determined.

Viral pharyngitis is usually observed in acute viral respiratory diseases. Characterized by extensive bright red hyperemia, involving the palatine tonsils and soft palate. Sometimes red dots (pinpoint hemorrhages) or blisters appear on the mucous membrane of the back of the throat.

Local sensations are represented by a dry, irritating cough for 2-3 days, which gradually subsides. General manifestations may be absent. When a secondary infection occurs, the signs of the disease change accordingly.

Acute pharyngitis is an acute inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa - a common manifestation of acute respiratory diseases. As a rule, with pharyngitis, children complain of pain, discomfort in the throat (burning, soreness, itching), coughing, and sometimes itching and pain in the ears. Infants cannot complain of being unwell, but attentive parents pay attention to restless behavior, sleep disturbances, and worsening appetite. Pharyngitis can be combined with other manifestations of acute respiratory infections, such as runny nose, cough, fever, conjunctivitis.

It should be noted that acute pharyngitis is rarely an isolated disease. It is usually combined with other upper respiratory tract diseases. In children under 2 years of age, the disease is more severe and is often combined with inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and acute catarrhal rhinitis. In this case, symptoms of acute rhinitis will be observed - impaired nasal breathing, copious mucous or mucopurulent discharge from the nose.

The main factors contributing to the development of chronic pharyngitis:

— constitutional features of the structure of the mucous membrane of the pharynx and the entire gastrointestinal tract;

— prolonged exposure to exogenous factors (dust, hot dry or smoky air, chemicals);

- difficulty breathing through the nose (breathing through the mouth, abuse of decongestants);

— endocrine disorders (hypothyroidism, etc.);

- diabetes mellitus, heart, pulmonary and kidney failure.

Diagnosis of pharyngitis:

examination, if necessary: ​​bacteriological or virological examination (pharyngeal swab).

Treatment of pharyngitis

Treatment is carried out by an ENT doctor at a clinic or a pediatrician.

Therapeutic measures for pharyngitis include the following manipulations.

In case of acute and exacerbation of chronic pharyngitis, not accompanied by pronounced disorders of the general condition, symptomatic treatment is sufficient, including a gentle diet, hot foot baths, warm compresses on the front surface of the neck, milk with honey, steam inhalations and gargling.

Irritating foods (hot, cold, sour, spicy, salty) are excluded from the diet; plenty of warm drinks are recommended - tea with lemon, milk with mineral water, etc.

Gargling with antiseptic, herbal solutions (for example, a solution of 1% chlorophyllipt, rotokan, sea salt, eucalyptus, etc.) once a day after meals. However, this is only possible in children older than 2-3 years. Who already know how to gargle.

The following herbal infusions are most effective for gargling:

1. Calendula flowers, plantain leaves, sage leaves, chamomile flowers.

2. Chamomile flowers, oregano herb, sage leaves, St. John's wort herb

3. Dandelion flowers, plantain leaves, birch leaves, pine buds.

Preparation of fees 1-3:

Mix the components in equal parts. 1 tbsp. collection, pour 1 cup of boiling water, boil for 3 minutes over low heat, leave for 1 hour, strain.

4. Oak bark - 2 parts, linden flowers - 1 part

5. Linden flowers - 2 parts, chamomile flowers - 3 parts

Preparation of fees 4-5:

Brew 1 teaspoon of the mixture in 1 glass of boiling water, strain, and cool.

Rinse with warm infusion 5-6 times a day.

To gargle, you can use a pharmacy tincture of eucalyptus drops in a glass of warm water and eucalyptus oil drops in a glass.

Irrigation of the pharynx with antiseptic or antibiotic-containing aerosols (a list by age is given below) half a day. Alternate gargling with herbal infusions and antiseptic solutions.

Gargling should be combined with inhalations. For inhalation, you can use an infusion of the following herbs: St. John's wort, mint herb, sage leaves, coltsfoot leaves, oregano herb, wild rosemary herb, chamomile flowers, eucalyptus leaves, plantain leaf. It is better to use a mixture of 2-3 herbs. The infusion is prepared as in collections 1-3.

To reduce body temperature, diaphoretic teas are recommended:

1. Linden flowers, raspberries (if there are no allergies).

2. Raspberry berries - 2 parts, black currant leaves - 2 parts, coltsfoot leaves - 1 part, oregano herb - 1 part.

3. Plantain leaves, linden flowers, raspberries, anise.

Preparation: pour 1 tablespoon of the mixture with 1 glass of boiling water, boil for 3-5 minutes, leave for 30 minutes. Drink the decoction in 2 doses (1/2 cup each) with an interval of 2 hours.

Resorption of tablets or lozenges with antibacterial, analgesic, emollient substances (faringosept, falimint, strepsils, laripront, etc.), in children over 5 years old.

For bacterial pharyngitis, systemic antibiotics are necessary. Antibacterial therapy is justified only if the etiology of the disease is known or suspected to be streptococcal. Unjustified antibacterial therapy contributes to the development of resistance to antibiotics, and can also be complicated by adverse drug reactions. Antibiotics, if necessary, will be prescribed to you by your doctor!

Infants and young children cannot gargle or swallow tablets, so they are only prescribed to drink plenty of fluids and irrigate the throat with an antiseptic. It should be noted that children under two years of age should use all aerosols with caution due to the possibility of developing a spasm of the glottis.

Rinse method: take one sip of the prepared solution, clearly pronouncing the letter “O” or “E”, gargle, then spit out the solution. Rinse 3-4 times a day after meals.

For influenza, rimantadine is prescribed, for herpes infection - acyclovir.

For bacterial pharyngitis, local antibacterial drugs are prescribed - Bioparox (4 inhalations in the mouth every 4 hours) or Hexasprey (2 injections 3 times a day). The limitation for the use of these drugs is the age of up to 2.5 years (laryngospasm may develop).

The drug Yox, an otorhinolaryngological disinfectant containing polyvidone iodine, which releases active iodine upon contact with the mucous membrane, has a good therapeutic effect. Iodine, in turn, has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial effects; in addition, iodine accelerates the process of cleansing the mucous membranes of necrotic tissue (plaques). Yox also has an anesthetic (pain-relieving) effect.

Prevention: hardening the body, eliminating harmful factors, restoring impaired nasal breathing, increasing the body's defenses (use of immunocorrector drugs)

Chronic pharyngitis is often not an independent disease, but a manifestation of the pathology of the entire gastrointestinal tract: chronic atrophic gastritis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis. The entry of acidic gastric contents into the pharynx during sleep with gastroesophageal reflux disease and hiatal hernia is often a hidden cause of the development of chronic catarrhal pharyngitis, and in this case, without eliminating the underlying cause of the disease, any local treatment methods provide an insufficient and short-lived effect. Smoking (and passive smoking too) and tonsillectomy (removal of the tonsils) lead to the development of atrophic changes in the pharyngeal mucosa.

Pharyngitis often develops with constantly difficult nasal breathing. It can be caused not only by switching to mouth breathing, but also by the abuse of vasoconstrictor drops, which flow from the nasal cavity into the pharynx and have an unnecessary anemic effect there. Symptoms of pharyngitis may be present with the so-called postnasal drip (postnasal drip). In this case, discomfort in the throat is associated with the flow of pathological secretions from the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses along the back wall of the pharynx. In addition to constant coughing, this condition can cause wheezing in children, which requires differential diagnosis with bronchial asthma.

Local antibacterial agents can be widely used in the treatment of pharyngitis. The choice of the optimal drug is determined by the spectrum of its antimicrobial activity, the absence of allergenicity and toxic effect. Of course, the most effective local drugs will not completely replace the need for systemic administration of antibiotics for sore throat and pharyngitis caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus. On the other hand, due to the nonbacterial etiology of many forms of pharyngitis, the emergence of an increasing number of resistant strains of bacteria, as well as the undesirable effects of general antibiotic therapy, local administration of drugs with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity is in many cases the method of choice.

Home remedies for pharyngitis

Gargle with fresh potato juice or inhale potato steam for pharyngitis.

Peel fresh garlic and finely chop. Place 0.5 cups of cooked garlic in an enamel pan and pour in fresh buckwheat (dark) honey. The honey should completely cover the garlic. Then place the pan on low heat and heat, stirring constantly, for about 20 minutes until all the garlic has dissolved. Let it cool slightly under the lid, and then put it back on the fire and stir constantly so that the syrup does not burn. You can add a little distilled or melt water to this syrup. Store the filtered syrup in the refrigerator. Take for cough, laryngitis, tonsillitis and pharyngitis: children - 1 teaspoon, adults - 1 tablespoon every hour until complete recovery.

Grind the head of garlic to a pulp, pour in 1 liter of wine or apple cider vinegar, leave in a dark, cool place for 2 weeks, shaking the contents periodically, strain. Dissolve 0.5 teaspoon of table salt in 1 glass of infusion. Gargle with pharyngitis with infusion 2-3 times a day until complete recovery.

Lubricate the tonsils with propolis infusion. Mix 1 part of 10% alcoholic propolis extract with 2 parts of glycerin or peach oil. Use to lubricate the back wall of the pharynx with chronic pharyngitis, as well as painful points with ulcerative stomatitis. You can also drop it into your nose for chronic runny nose.

Treatment of pharyngitis with herbs

Rinse your mouth and throat with a decoction of blackberry leaves for inflammation of the oral mucosa, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and bleeding gums.

Methodology of doctors L.A. Bochkova and I.G. Nepomnyashchaya for the treatment of pharyngitis

The first 10 days: crush 2 healthy cloves of garlic, without green sprouts, pour in 1 glass of boiled warm milk, strain. Lying on your back, do a deep warm (not hot) rinse at least 4 times a day. Use at least 1 glass of milk with garlic at a time.

The next 10 days: pour 1 tablespoon of calendula flowers with 1 glass of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, strain. Rinse with warm (not hot) infusion at least 4 times a day. Use at least 1 glass of infusion at a time.

The next 10 days: pour dried potato flowers (1 tablespoon) with 1 glass of boiling water, boil for 3-5 minutes, leave for 20 minutes, strain. Lying down, do a deep warm rinse 2-4 times a day. Use 1 glass of decoction at a time. Rinse for 10 days, then replace the rinse with garlic.

See also recipes in the topics Sore throat, Chronic tonsillitis, Colds.

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Signs of pharyngitis in a child and how to treat it correctly

Pharyngitis is a disease that is accompanied by a strong inflammatory process in the lymphoid tissue and mucous membranes of the throat. This pathology is often diagnosed in children and causes unpleasant symptoms.

The insidiousness of pharyngitis lies in the fact that it can be infectious in nature and in childhood this disease is more pronounced. The progression of such a disease in the body can cause many complications, so parents should know how to treat pharyngitis in children. To eliminate pathology, both drug treatment and traditional medicine are widely used.

Causes of disease in children

Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa, which is infectious in nature.

In most cases, pharyngitis in children and adults develops as infections of viral or bacterial origin progress in the body. This leads to the development of an active inflammatory process in the mucous membranes of the throat. Most often, inflammation develops under the influence of the following groups of pathogenic microorganisms:

The development of pharyngitis of bacterial origin occurs under the influence of:

If the child’s immune system is impaired, this can trigger the development of fungal pharyngitis. In childhood, this type of disease is diagnosed with severe pathologies and intensive treatment with antibacterial drugs.

More rare causes of the development of an inflammatory process in the pharynx are:

  • allergic reactions
  • injuries of various types
  • performing surgery
  • penetration of foreign objects
  • effects on the mucous membrane of the throat of potent drugs

The likelihood of developing pharyngitis increases when the child’s body is exposed to the following factors:

  • severe hypothermia
  • decrease in the body's protective functions
  • progression of chronic diseases
  • increased concentration of irritants in the air

Another important reason for the development of chronic pharyngitis is the penetration of stomach contents into the pharynx during regurgitation, reflux, vomiting and hiatal hernia.

Chronic pharyngitis can occur when inflammatory processes in the nasal cavity, tonsils and paranasal sinuses progress in the child’s body. Pathology can be provoked by constant breathing through the mouth due to nasal congestion, as well as long-term treatment with vasoconstrictor drops. The fact is that such drugs fall on the back wall of the pharynx and thereby cause severe irritation of the mucous membrane.

Symptoms of pathology

Dryness, sore throat, sore throat and high temperature are signs of pharyngitis

Pharyngitis in children causes the following symptoms:

  • discomfort in the throat area
  • severe itching and burning
  • the appearance of pain during swallowing
  • sore throat
  • rise in body temperature to 38 degrees

Medical practice shows that pharyngitis in young children is quite severe. There is a rise in body temperature and a deterioration in the general condition, which is complemented by pronounced lethargy of the baby. Pharyngitis is often combined with the course of a disease such as adenoiditis, as evidenced by deterioration of appetite, sleep problems and increased ESR levels in the body.

To make a diagnosis, a specialist examines the child’s pharynx and notes the following signs of the disease:

  • the throat turns bright red
  • the mucous membrane becomes swollen and infiltrated
  • the palatine arches and soft palate become inflamed
  • the mucous membrane of the posterior pharyngeal wall becomes granular

With further progression of pharyngitis, the lateral ridges in the pharynx become stained. Children are often diagnosed with pharyngitis of viral origin, which is characterized by a bright red throat with the appearance of hemorrhages and blisters on the back of the throat. Local symptoms continue for 2-3 days, an irritating cough and a dry cough appear, which gradually subside.

In some cases, there may be no general signs of the disease, but a secondary complication develops in the form of tonsillitis or adenoiditis.

Sometimes patients complain of referred pain in the ears, which is considered one of the symptoms of pharyngitis. Medical practice shows that this disease is most severe in young children and causes the development of complications.

How dangerous is the disease?

The most dangerous complications after pharyngitis are considered to be autoimmune pathologies, which develop as a result of the child’s body’s increased sensitivity to pathogenic microorganisms that provoked the disease.

In fact, pharyngitis does not pose a serious danger to the body, but its progression and lack of effective treatment can cause the development of many complications.

The greatest danger is streptococcal pharyngitis, the progression of which in the body causes various complications. The most common purulent complications are:

  • a retropharyngeal abscess develops when pus accumulates in the area of ​​the lymph nodes and tissue of the retropharyngeal space
  • peritonsillar abscess is characterized by inflammation of the tissue around the tonsils, where ulcers appear

Young children may develop complications as a result of damage to the nasopharyngeal area in the form of sinusitis and rhinitis. In addition, after pharyngitis the following can be diagnosed:

The most dangerous complication is inflammation of the membranes of the brain, which experts call meningitis and encephalitis.

Features of the treatment of pharyngitis in children of different ages

Medications for the treatment of pharyngitis in a child are prescribed by a doctor after examination.

In the smallest children under 1 year of age, the disease is too painful and at that age they do not yet know how to gargle on their own. If parents suspect acute pharyngitis, they should definitely seek advice from a specialist. In the absence of high body temperature and an allergic reaction, it is allowed to apply a honey-mustard compress to the throat area. In addition, you can treat the pharynx with antiseptics without menthol and alcohol.

Experts recommend the following treatment regimen for pharyngitis in young children: it is necessary to crush the Faringosept tablet well, dip a pacifier in it and offer it to the child. It is recommended to pick up the child and lightly pat him on the back, which helps improve drainage in the bronchi.

In children aged 1-2 years, pharyngitis is also quite severe, but not as intense as in infants. Treatment of the disease involves:

  • organization of sufficient drinking regime
  • in the absence of contraindications, compresses can be applied
  • carrying out inhalations with a nebulizer with saline solution or Borjomi water

At this age, treatment of pharyngitis can be carried out using antiseptic drugs in the form of a spray, for example, Yox or Givalex. Such medicines have a disinfecting effect on the throat and speed up the child’s healing process. It is recommended to constantly ventilate the room where the child is and ensure that the required humidity is maintained.

When pharyngitis develops in children over 3 years of age, it is necessary to adhere to bed rest and drink large amounts of liquid that contains alkali.

In addition, it is necessary to organize a gentle diet and completely exclude fried and sweet foods from the child’s diet.

To treat the disease, you can make honey-based compresses and apply them to your feet. Hot foot baths and nebulizer inhalations have a good effect. It is recommended to gargle with special antiseptic agents purchased ready-made at the pharmacy. You can prepare solutions for gargling yourself at home by dissolving 2-3 drops of Furacilin and iodine in 30 ml of warm water. This mixture must be brought to room temperature and offered to the child for rinsing.

Good results are achieved by using antiseptic sprays such as Yox and Givalex. If the child already knows how to dissolve medications in the form of tablets, then you can offer him:

The use of antibacterial drugs in the treatment of pharyngitis in children remains a rather controversial issue. There are many situations where it is possible to cure a disease without the use of antibacterial drugs. Despite this, in severe forms of pharyngitis you simply cannot do without antibiotics, especially in situations where there is a threat to the child’s life or an advanced stage with atrophied mucosa is diagnosed. Most often, antibiotics are prescribed when diagnosing a viral, bacterial or infectious disease.

More information about pharyngitis can be found in the video:

Experts say that the best option for the treatment of pharyngitis is the use of local agents rather than broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs. Such drugs do not have a negative effect on organs such as the heart, kidneys and liver.

In order to enhance the effectiveness of antibacterial agents, it is recommended to combine their use with corticosteroids. Treating pharyngitis with medications such as Hexoral, Biseptol and Bioparox has a good effect.

Treatment of pharyngitis in children can be carried out by laser exposure to the pharyngeal mucosa. If the disease reaches an advanced stage, then the following is prescribed:

  • cryodestruction of side rollers and granules
  • cauterization with silver nitrate
  • radio wave shading

In some cases, treatment of the inflammatory process in the pharynx is carried out through surgery. The specialist uses a laser to target purulent granules and overgrown mucous membranes, but healthy tissue is not affected.

Traditional medicine against disease

In order for the treatment of pharyngitis to be more effective, it is necessary to use both medications and folk remedies.

It must be remembered that treatment of pharyngitis in children with folk remedies is carried out only after consultation with a specialist. Independent use of various herbal decoctions, infusions, and bee products can lead to undesirable consequences for children's health.

At home, you can make a honey compress on your feet according to the following scheme:

  • it is necessary to melt the bee honey to a liquid consistency in a water bath
  • You should lubricate the child’s feet with this honey and wrap them in several layers of gauze.
  • for a stronger effect of the drug, it is recommended to wear warm socks
  • You need to keep this compress on your feet for minutes

Experts recommend this treatment until the child recovers completely.

When treating acute pharyngitis, you can use herbal infusions to gargle. With their help, it is possible to get rid of pain, reduce the severity of the inflammatory process and alleviate the general condition of the child. To prepare herbal infusions you can use:

Such herbal decoctions have an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect on the inflamed tissue of the larynx, and it is necessary to gargle with them until the child recovers completely.

A folk remedy made from tomato juice and carefully chopped garlic gives a good effect. It is recommended to use this medicine every day after lunch for 7 days. It should be remembered that treatment in this way is contraindicated in patients with gastrointestinal problems.

Pharyngitis is not considered a very dangerous disease, but its consequences can pose a serious threat to the child's health.

It is for this reason that when a child shows the first signs of illness, it is necessary to show him to a specialist. Proper nutrition, fortification of the body, increasing the protective properties of the body and timely vaccination help to avoid infection with such a pathology.

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Comments (3)

03/29/2017 at 08:47 | #

I always make sure that my daughter wears warm socks and waterproof shoes to keep her feet warm. If infectious pharyngitis already occurs, then the ENT specialist usually prescribes Trachisan to dissolve, it copes with the bacteria quite quickly. We've been using it since last year, it helps.

10/28/2017 at 05:12 | #

For laryngitis, my son was prescribed antihistamines and expectorants Zirtec, Parlazin and Ambrobene with Lazolvan. I can't say that I was completely satisfied with the effect. I try not to give antibiotics if I can do without them.

Catherine

11/21/2017 at 10:18 am | #

Thanks for the informative article. On my own behalf, I will also add that in addition to traditional methods of treatment, Isla-Moos lozenges cope quite well with discomfort in the throat. I gave them to my son when we were diagnosed with pharyngitis.

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Krasnoyarsk medical portal Krasgmu.net

Pharyngitis is more common in children than in adults due to the weakness of the children's immune system. Symptoms of pharyngitis in children begin immediately - on the first or second day of the disease and usually manifest themselves in the form of redness of the throat.

Pharyngitis can be an independent disease (with viral lesions), but much more often in children it develops secondarily, that is, it is a consequence of another underlying disease.

To consolidate the treatment of acute pharyngitis during the recovery period, as well as to treat chronic pharyngitis, lubricating the pharynx with solutions of Lugol, protargol, propolis, etc. is used.

In situations where pharyngitis develops in children: treatment involves carrying out the activities described in this article.

How to treat pharyngitis in children? The disease usually goes away on its own without treatment within a few days. However, treatment can speed up the recovery of a sick child.

Pharyngitis, treatment in a child

Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharynx, or rather, its back wall, which is rarely an independent disease, but is usually a symptom of respiratory infections. Chronic pharyngitis is associated with stomach diseases and is often the result of reflux of gastric contents, especially at night. This disease responds well to traditional treatment; recipes based on traditional medicine can relieve soreness, pain when coughing, and symptoms.

In children under 2 years of age, pharyngitis is more severe. The disease is often combined with inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and acute catarrhal rhinitis.

And now a little about the symptoms themselves and alternative treatment for pharyngitis. In acute pharyngitis, symptoms include a sore throat (especially when swallowing), a dry cough, and discharge of mucus or pus. Acute pharyngitis often develops after hypothermia, ingestion of cold or too hot food, or inhalation of irritating gases and dust. Patients complain of sore throat and sore throat, dry and sometimes painful cough. Symptoms of chronic pharyngitis are less pronounced. Patients complain of a dry or sore throat and a dry, painful cough. With exacerbation, the symptoms of chronic pharyngitis resemble those of acute pharyngitis.

Symptoms of pharyngitis

Symptoms and treatment of acute pharyngitis in a child. Pharyngitis is a fairly common disease and occurs in a variety of forms. According to localization, it can be superficial - the mucous membrane of the pharynx suffers - this is a catarrhal form. Damage to the lymphadenoid elements located in a deeper layer, under the mucous membrane, is another form called granulosa pharyngitis.

Pharyngitis can be limited, for example, to the area of ​​the lateral ridges and more widespread throughout the posterior wall of the pharynx. The nature of inflammation can be acute, subacute and chronic. Pharyngitis can be an independent disease (with viral lesions), but much more often in children it develops secondarily, that is, it is a consequence of another underlying disease. Typically, such pharyngitis is a symptom of acute or subacute adenoiditis, tonsillitis, or exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.

There are complaints of discomfort in the throat ("sore throat"), pain, which in most cases is insignificant, but sometimes very sharp and accompanied by a rise in body temperature to 38 ° C.

Acute pharyngitis in young children is severe, with high fever and pronounced general symptoms: adynamia (pronounced lethargy), lack of appetite, sleep disturbance, increased ESR domm/h. However, it must be considered that in these cases the disease should be regarded as acute adenoiditis with corresponding symptoms.

The diagnosis is made based on examination of the pharynx: there is hyperemia (redness), swelling and infiltration of the mucous membrane of the posterior wall of the pharynx, velopharyngeal arches, and sometimes the soft palate. With lateral pharyngitis, hyperemia and swelling of the lateral ridges of the pharynx are determined.

Viral pharyngitis is usually observed in acute viral respiratory diseases. Characterized by extensive bright red hyperemia, involving the palatine tonsils and soft palate. Sometimes red dots (pinpoint hemorrhages) or blisters appear on the mucous membrane of the back of the throat.

Local sensations are represented by a dry, irritating cough for 2-3 days, which gradually subsides. General manifestations may be absent. When a secondary infection occurs, the signs of the disease change accordingly.

Acute pharyngitis is an acute inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa - a common manifestation of acute respiratory diseases. As a rule, with pharyngitis, children complain of pain, discomfort in the throat (burning, soreness, itching), coughing, and sometimes itching and pain in the ears. Infants cannot complain of being unwell, but attentive parents pay attention to restless behavior, sleep disturbances, and worsening appetite. Pharyngitis can be combined with other manifestations of acute respiratory infections, such as runny nose, cough, fever, conjunctivitis.

It should be noted that acute pharyngitis is rarely an isolated disease. It is usually combined with other upper respiratory tract diseases. In children under 2 years of age, the disease is more severe and is often combined with inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and acute catarrhal rhinitis. In this case, symptoms of acute rhinitis will be observed - impaired nasal breathing, copious mucous or mucopurulent discharge from the nose.

Treatment of pharyngitis

Treatment is carried out by an ENT doctor at a clinic or a pediatrician.

Therapeutic measures for pharyngitis include the following manipulations.

In case of acute and exacerbation of chronic pharyngitis, not accompanied by pronounced disorders of the general condition, symptomatic treatment is sufficient, including a gentle diet, hot foot baths, warm compresses on the front surface of the neck, milk with honey, steam inhalations and gargling.

In children under 2 years of age, the disease is more severe and is often combined with inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and acute catarrhal rhinitis.

Treatment of pharyngitis in children under two years of age involves dry warming of the neck, plenty of warm drinks and taking mild restoratives.

How to properly treat a child with a sore throat: Selecting medications for children is not easy, since many of the drugs that are successfully used by adults are contraindicated for children, or do not have all the necessary properties. In most cases, throat diseases cause erosive damage to the mucous membrane of the oropharynx and the appearance of epithelial defects. The faster these defects are eliminated, the faster the unpleasant symptoms will disappear and recovery will occur. Conventional drugs are not able to restore the damaged integrity of the mucous membranes of the oropharynx. Drugs that can perform this task include Derinat, which, in addition to antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and immunomodulatory properties, also has a pronounced reparative effect, that is, it restores the integrity of the epithelium and its protective functions. Thanks to these properties, the drug helps at all stages of the disease. The most convenient way to treat a throat is to use the drug Derinat in the form of a spray. Derinat speeds up the healing process, strengthens the immune system, which prevents possible recurrence of the disease.

Treatment of cough in infants and children under 1 year of age at home is quite difficult. Very few folk remedies are suitable for this. The softest and safest remedy for infants is compresses. And also massage. Compresses should not be used at elevated temperatures.

Compresses for infants with pharyngitis

This folk remedy will help cure a cough in an infant. You need to mix equal amounts of honey, mustard powder, flour, vegetable oil, vodka, divide into two parts, place on a cloth, apply to the chest and back. Secure with a bandage and put on pajamas. This compress can be left overnight if cough is being treated in children under 1 year of age - for two hours. It’s even better to do this: for the first use, leave it for two hours, if the child tolerated this product well and there are no allergic reactions on the skin, then leave this compress on all night

Compress for a child’s cough with honey and fat.

Mix 2 tbsp. honey, vodka, pork or goose fat. Rub this mixture onto the child's chest, back, feet, wrap the torso in a warm diaper, put on socks and put him to bed.

Potato compress.

Boil finely chopped potatoes (better yet, peel them), drain the water, put them in a plastic bag, tie them, then wrap them in several layers of cloth and secure them on your chest. We must make sure that it is not hot, but pleasant. The temperature of the compress can be adjusted by layers of fabric - as it cools, remove excess layers. Warm the baby's chest for 1 hour. After several procedures, the cough goes away.

Treatment of cough in infants

In addition to compresses, treatment of cough in infants and children under one year of age requires the following measures:

1. Do not limit the child’s mobility - movements promote the discharge of sputum and help cleanse the bronchi of mucus.

2. Take the baby in your arms more often, pat it gently on the back, this will also improve bronchial drainage

3. To quickly cure a baby’s cough, let him drink warm water as often as possible.

4. Get a massage. You can use vegetable oil or massage creams to treat colds in children. You can do a light honey massage. Foot massage is very useful.

5. Humidify the air in the room where the sick baby is, use a special device for this, in winter you can hang a damp cloth on the radiator, or even better, go into the bathtub where the shower was previously running. Moist air will improve the baby's condition.

Treatment of cough in children under 1 year of age can be carried out using mustard wraps. This is safer than mustard plasters, which are used to treat coughs in older people.

1 tbsp. l. dissolve dry mustard in 500 ml of warm water, moisten 4 layers of gauze in the solution and wrap the baby’s body, or place the cloth on the back. Wrap a towel on top and cover with a blanket. After 5 minutes, remove the compress and wipe the skin with warm water. After 4 such procedures, the child’s dry cough goes away

Treatment of cough in infants

In addition to compresses, treatment of cough in infants and children under one year of age requires the following measures:

1. Do not limit the child’s mobility - movements promote the discharge of sputum and help cleanse the bronchi of mucus.

2. Take the baby in your arms more often, pat it gently on the back, this will also improve bronchial drainage

3. To quickly cure a baby’s cough, let him drink warm water as often as possible.

4. Get a massage. You can use vegetable oil or massage creams to treat colds in children. You can do a light honey massage. Foot massage is very useful.

5. Humidify the air in the room where the sick baby is, use a special device for this, in winter you can hang a damp cloth on the radiator, or even better, go into the bathtub where the shower was previously running. Moist air will improve the baby's condition.

Treatment of cough in children under 1 year of age can be carried out using mustard wraps. This is safer than mustard plasters, which are used to treat coughs in older people.

1 tbsp. l. dissolve dry mustard in 500 ml of warm water, moisten 4 layers of gauze in the solution and wrap the baby’s body, or place the cloth on the back. Wrap a towel on top and cover with a blanket. After 5 minutes, remove the compress and wipe the skin with warm water. After 4 such procedures, the child’s dry cough goes away

Treatment of pharyngitis at home

Irritating foods (hot, cold, sour, spicy, salty) are excluded from the diet; plenty of warm drinks are recommended - tea with lemon, milk with mineral water, etc.

Treatment of pharyngitis in children with folk remedies: Gargling with antiseptic, herbal solutions (for example, a solution of 1% chlorophyllipt, rotokan, sea salt, eucalyptus, etc.) once a day after meals. However, this is only possible in children older than 2-3 years. Who already know how to gargle.

The following herbal infusions are most effective for gargling:

1. Calendula flowers, plantain leaves, sage leaves, chamomile flowers.

2. Chamomile flowers, oregano herb, sage leaves, St. John's wort herb

3. Dandelion flowers, plantain leaves, birch leaves, pine buds.

Preparation of fees 1-3:

Mix the components in equal parts. 1 tbsp. collection, pour 1 cup of boiling water, boil for 3 minutes over low heat, leave for 1 hour, strain.

4. Oak bark - 2 parts, linden flowers - 1 part

5. Linden flowers - 2 parts, chamomile flowers - 3 parts

Preparation of fees 4-5:

Brew 1 teaspoon of the mixture in 1 glass of boiling water, strain, and cool.

Rinse with warm infusion 5-6 times a day.

To gargle, you can use a pharmacy tincture of eucalyptus drops in a glass of warm water and eucalyptus oil drops in a glass.

Irrigation of the pharynx with antiseptic or antibiotic-containing aerosols (a list by age is given below) half a day. Alternate gargling with herbal infusions and antiseptic solutions.

Gargling should be combined with inhalations. For inhalation, you can use an infusion of the following herbs: St. John's wort, mint herb, sage leaves, coltsfoot leaves, oregano herb, wild rosemary herb, chamomile flowers, eucalyptus leaves, plantain leaf. It is better to use a mixture of 2-3 herbs. The infusion is prepared as in collections 1-3.

To reduce body temperature, diaphoretic teas are recommended:

1. Linden flowers, raspberries (if there are no allergies).

2. Raspberry berries - 2 parts, black currant leaves - 2 parts, coltsfoot leaves - 1 part, oregano herb - 1 part.

3. Plantain leaves, linden flowers, raspberries, anise.

Preparation: pour 1 tablespoon of the mixture with 1 glass of boiling water, boil for 3-5 minutes, leave for 30 minutes. Drink the decoction in 2 doses (1/2 cup each) with an interval of 2 hours.

Resorption of tablets or lozenges with antibacterial, analgesic, emollient substances (faringosept, falimint, strepsils, laripront, etc.), in children over 5 years old.

For bacterial pharyngitis, systemic antibiotics are necessary. Antibacterial therapy is justified only if the etiology of the disease is known or suspected to be streptococcal. Unjustified antibacterial therapy contributes to the development of resistance to antibiotics, and can also be complicated by adverse drug reactions. Antibiotics, if necessary, will be prescribed to you by your doctor!

Infants and young children cannot gargle or swallow tablets, so they are only prescribed to drink plenty of fluids and irrigate the throat with an antiseptic. It should be noted that children under two years of age should use all aerosols with caution due to the possibility of developing a spasm of the glottis.

Rinse method: take one sip of the prepared solution, clearly pronouncing the letter “O” or “E”, gargle, then spit out the solution. Rinse 3-4 times a day after meals.

For influenza, rimantadine is prescribed, for herpes infection - acyclovir.

For bacterial pharyngitis, local antibacterial drugs are prescribed - Bioparox (4 inhalations in the mouth every 4 hours) or Hexasprey (2 injections 3 times a day). The limitation for the use of these drugs is the age of up to 2.5 years (laryngospasm may develop).

The drug Yox, an otorhinolaryngological disinfectant containing polyvidone iodine, which releases active iodine upon contact with the mucous membrane, has a good therapeutic effect. Iodine, in turn, has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial effects; in addition, iodine accelerates the process of cleansing the mucous membranes of necrotic tissue (plaques). Yox also has an anesthetic (pain-relieving) effect.

Prevention: hardening the body, eliminating harmful factors, restoring impaired nasal breathing, increasing the body's defenses (use of immunocorrector drugs)

Chronic pharyngitis is often not an independent disease, but a manifestation of the pathology of the entire gastrointestinal tract: chronic atrophic gastritis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis. The entry of acidic gastric contents into the pharynx during sleep with gastroesophageal reflux disease and hiatal hernia is often a hidden cause of the development of chronic catarrhal pharyngitis, and in this case, without eliminating the underlying cause of the disease, any local treatment methods provide an insufficient and short-lived effect. Smoking (and passive smoking too) and tonsillectomy (removal of the tonsils) lead to the development of atrophic changes in the pharyngeal mucosa.

Pharyngitis often develops with constantly difficult nasal breathing. It can be caused not only by switching to mouth breathing, but also by the abuse of vasoconstrictor drops, which flow from the nasal cavity into the pharynx and have an unnecessary anemic effect there. Symptoms of pharyngitis may be present with the so-called postnasal drip (postnasal drip). In this case, discomfort in the throat is associated with the flow of pathological secretions from the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses along the back wall of the pharynx. In addition to constant coughing, this condition can cause wheezing in children, which requires differential diagnosis with bronchial asthma.

Local antibacterial agents can be widely used in the treatment of pharyngitis. The choice of the optimal drug is determined by the spectrum of its antimicrobial activity, the absence of allergenicity and toxic effect. Of course, the most effective local drugs will not completely replace the need for systemic administration of antibiotics for sore throat and pharyngitis caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus. On the other hand, due to the nonbacterial etiology of many forms of pharyngitis, the emergence of an increasing number of resistant strains of bacteria, as well as the undesirable effects of general antibiotic therapy, local administration of drugs with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity is in many cases the method of choice.

Treatment of pharyngitis in a child with folk remedies

To treat pharyngitis in children, local, symptomatic general and folk remedies that enhance immunity are used.

  • Mix the juice of half a lemon, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of honey and a glass (200 ml) of hot red (dry) wine. Boil for 2-3 minutes, add a little cinnamon and 1 clove bud. Leave for 20 minutes, strain and drink hot. This is a good remedy for the first symptoms of pharyngitis (stingling, painful cough).
  • If you have a slight headache, sore throat, weakness, you need to pour very hot water into a bowl, add a 20-30% decoction of pine needles or chamomile flowers and steam your feet well. You need to dry them with a hard towel and immediately put on woolen socks. The next procedure is to heat the chamomile decoction well in a saucepan, tilt your head over it, covered with a towel, and breathe in the hot steam. Finally, before going to bed, you need to drink a mug of viburnum tea with honey (mash viburnum fruits with honey, pour boiling water over them, and rub). You can add mint and linden blossom to viburnum.
  • Take 3 teaspoons of finely grated carrots, add 1 chopped golden mustache joint and 1 teaspoon of honey. Stir and hold in the mouth, dissolving, pushing the tongue towards the back wall of the throat, 5 - 7 minutes, once a day. Then spit it out. The course of treatment is 7 days.
  • Eucalyptus tincture has anti-inflammatory, expectorant, strong antiseptic, and analgesic effects. It is used internally for pharyngitis. 10 drops per half glass of warm water 2-3 times a day.
  • Rosehip tea perfectly strengthens the mucous membrane of the back of the throat. You need to drink this tea for 2-3 months. You can add viburnum berries, lemon balm and sage to the rose hips. Pour the collection with boiling water in a thermos at the rate of 1 tbsp. spoon of the mixture in a glass of water, leave for 2 hours and strain. Before use, add 1-2 drops of sea buckthorn oil.
  • For pharyngitis, propolis inhalation is useful: place 60 g of propolis and 40 g of wax in an aluminum bowl or mug with a capacity of 300 ml and place it in another larger container with boiling water. Propolis and wax will dissolve under these conditions, and the volatile substances of propolis, together with water vapor, will sublimate. Inhalations are recommended for 10-15 minutes in the morning and evening. People suffering from pharyngitis need to think about increasing local immunity. As studies in recent years have shown, with pharyngitis, the protective forces of the pharynx are reduced. They can be supported with herbal infusions, teas, and natural juices. At home, they are prepared from available berries, fruits, herbs and honey. Used to prevent seasonal exacerbations of the disease. Here are some recipes.
  • Take a glass of raisins and cranberries, but 1.5 glasses of walnut kernels and honey, 1 glass (200 ml) of vodka. Grind all solid components, pour in vodka and slightly warmed honey. Stir everything. Take 1 tbsp. spoon 3 times a day an hour before meals. One serving per course of treatment.

Attention! Medicines containing alcohol should not be given to children and adolescents!

  • Mix the juice from fresh plantain leaves with an equal amount of honey and cook for 20 minutes, store in a tightly closed container, take 1 tbsp. spoon 2-3 times a day.
  • Take 1 teaspoon of sage herb, add a glass of water, bring to a boil, cool, strain, add 1 teaspoon of honey. Drink at night.
  • Take 5 g of rose hips (chopped), nettle herb and thyme herb. Pour 15 g of collection into 200 ml of cold water, boil for 2-3 minutes, leave for 1 hour. Take 10 ml with honey as hot tea 2 times a day after meals. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.
  • For acute pharyngitis, a hot decoction of wild apples (2 tablespoons per 200 ml of water) is useful; it is recommended to take a glass 1-2 times a day for 10-20 days.
  • Fresh agave juice with honey (1:1 ratio) 1 teaspoon 4 times a day is a good remedy for prolonged pharyngitis.
  • Take 1 tbsp. spoon of St. John's wort herb and pour 1 glass of boiling water in a thermos, leave for 1-2 hours and strain. Add 20 drops of pharmaceutical alcohol tincture of propolis to the infusion. Gargle 2-3 times a day and the illness will go away.

Source: http://krasgmu.net/publ/kak_lechit_detej/faringit_u_rebenka_lechenie/