The device measures air humidity

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A device for measuring indoor air humidity

In order to avoid unpleasant health problems associated with suboptimal humidity in the house, you should constantly monitor its level in the room.

Table of contents:

Dry, dusty air can contain a large number of allergens, which can have consequences. Damp indoor air can lead to various chronic diseases. So how do you measure air humidity? A very detailed answer can be given to this answer.

To carry out such control, indoor air humidity should be measured regularly. At the moment there is a very useful device that will allow you to measure the level of humidity in the house. Such a device is a hygrometer. There are several types of hygrometers, which you should learn more about.

Device for determining air humidity

A thermohygrometer is a very complex device that measures not only air humidity, but also room temperature. Among other things, the thermohygrometer records readings about the state of temperature and humidity recorded from different points. That is, directly from the place where the thermohygrometer itself is installed and from the point where the sensor was previously installed.

The device synchronizes readings received from different points in the room, and based on this, it already provides results for checking humidity levels and measuring temperature.

A few words can be said about the technical characteristics of the thermohygrometer. The cable of this device is one and a half meters long, and the indicators are displayed in the range from 0 to 90%. There are also wireless models of thermohygrometers. These devices are equipped with another useful function, which is that when the humidity in the room is critical, an alarm is triggered, notifying about an unfavorable change in the air condition.

Psychrometer

A psychrometer is also called a psychrometric hygrometer. It consists of two thermometers. One is called “dry” and measures air temperature. The second is called moistened because it is wrapped in a cloth wick and immersed in a vessel of water. This thermometer shows the temperature of the wet wick. Humidity indicators are derived from the evaporation of moisture. The lower the air humidity in the room, the more intensely the moisture evaporates. And as a result of these processes, it is possible to obtain the necessary data on both air temperature and humidity.

Hair and film hygrometers

The operating principle of a hair hygrometer is quite simple and at the same time very interesting. It consists in the presence in the mechanism of the device of synthetic fat-free hair, which tends to change length depending on the air condition. The hair is stretched between the spring and the end of the arrow. When there is a hairline vibration, the needle moves across the dial, showing data on the state of the air.

This device for determining humidity has a fairly wide range of values ​​(from 0 to 100%), which indicates the accuracy of the hair hygrometer readings. One of the biggest advantages of such devices is its simplicity. Hair hygrometers are very easy to use, which will avoid unnecessary headaches during its operation. We can also mention once again the accuracy of his testimony. Hair hygrometers can be hung on the wall.

In addition to hair hygrometers, there are film hygrometers. Their devices are different, and therefore the principle of operation of film hygrometers is somewhat different. Such devices have a sensitive element made of organic film. This material has the property of stretching or shrinking depending on the state of air humidity. The indicators are displayed on the dial when the position of the center of the film sensitive element changes.

If the conditions in which the device will be used to determine air humidity include the presence of relatively low temperatures, then the two types of hygrometers described above will be the only devices that will be able to measure the level of air humidity in the room.

How to choose a hygrometer

Before choosing a hygrometer, you should familiarize yourself with information about what types of such devices exist. There are several of them:

The buyer will decide for himself which hygrometer to choose from those presented in the list above. In order to decide on the choice of such a device, you should pay attention to its technical characteristics and draw a couple of important conclusions that will guide you when choosing a device.

  • First, you should decide for yourself what the accuracy of the hygrometer should be. It sounds rude, but in fact it can help in choosing a device. The fact is that different devices give different results. This suggests that some devices will provide very accurate readings of air humidity, while others will provide only relative data. This does not mean that “bad” devices exist. It’s just that many buyers are content with relative data, since there is no need for ultra-precise data.
  • Next, you need to decide where the hygrometer will be installed. This can help in your choice, since not all hygrometer models can be installed at every point in the room. For example, not all hygrometers can be wall-mounted.
  • When choosing a hygrometer, you should very carefully check that the device has the appropriate equipment. It is necessary to pay attention to the presence of indicators and a psychrometric table. A high-quality device will definitely have this included.

High humidity in the apartment

Indoor air humidity is measured to avoid problems associated with dry air or high humidity. Many people may think that this is not a good reason to control air humidity. In order to change your attitude towards this issue, you should pay more attention to the possible consequences.

Humid indoor air affects the development of mold. A humid environment is an ideal environment for the growth and spread of spores of this harmful fungus. Mold spores flying in the air can lead to the development of various allergic diseases. Dampness in the room will allow the fungus to grow many times over and increase the number of spores released into the air. The presence of mold has a detrimental effect on health. Allergies are not the only dangerous consequence of indoor mold. The fungus can cause other infections.

Dangerous consequences can also result from mold spores getting into food. This will lead to foodborne illnesses that tend to spread throughout the body. This poses a danger to all family members.

To avoid such dangerous consequences for the body, you should regularly ventilate the room. Despite the air temperature outside the window, it is imperative to carry out such activities at least twice a day. This will help reduce the risks of air humidification and mold to a minimum.

conclusions

Awareness of the state of air humidity allows you to avoid many unpleasant and even dangerous consequences for health. This is precisely why devices such as hygrometers exist. The range of such devices is very diverse, which will allow the buyer to choose a hygrometer that will meet all requirements.

When choosing a hygrometer from the various existing models, you should pay attention to the accuracy of the air humidity indicators provided by the device. Not every buyer needs ultra-precise hygrometer readings, being content with relative ones.

Also, when choosing a hygrometer, you should very carefully check all its technical characteristics. A hygrometer chosen spontaneously may not perform all its declared functions, which will affect both the nerves and mood. Money spent in vain will certainly not add joy. To avoid such troubles, be sure to take a receipt when purchasing. It should always be possible to return low-quality goods back to the store.

Source: http://kotel.guru/bez-rubriki/pribor-dlya-izmereniya-vlazhnosti-vozduha-v-pomeschenii.html

The device measures air humidity

Condensation hygrometer (from the Greek words hygros - wet and metreo - measure).

As the temperature decreases, the relative humidity increases. At a certain temperature, called the dew point, water vapor becomes saturated. This means that there is as much water vapor as possible in the air. Relative air humidity is 100%. A further decrease in temperature leads to the fact that the resulting excess water vapor begins to condense in the form of droplets of dew or fog.

To determine relative air humidity, you can artificially lower the air temperature in a limited area to the dew point. Absolute humidity and, accordingly, water vapor pressure will remain unchanged. By comparing the water vapor pressure at the dew point with the saturated vapor pressure that could be at the temperature we are interested in, we will thereby find the relative humidity of the air.

Rapid cooling can be achieved by intense evaporation of some volatile liquid.

A condensation hygrometer consists of a metal box with two holes. Ether is poured into the box. Using a rubber bulb, air is pumped through the box. The ether evaporates very quickly, the temperature of the box and the air near it decreases, and the relative humidity increases. At a certain temperature, which is measured by a thermometer inserted into the hole of the device, the surface of the box is covered with tiny droplets of dew. In order to more accurately record the moment when dew appears on the surface of the dew box, this surface is polished to a mirror finish, and a polished metal ring is placed next to the box for control.

Values ​​for pressure and density of saturated steam at different temperatures can be found in reference books. Below is a fragment of the corresponding table.

Let, for example, measurements be carried out at an ambient temperature of 20 °C.

The pressure of saturated water vapor at this temperature is 2.33 kPa.

The condensation hygrometer box was covered with dew drops at a temperature of 5 °C.

This temperature corresponds to a saturated water vapor pressure of 0.88 kPa.

Relative humidity

Psychrometer (from the Greek words: psychros - cold and metreo - measure) is a device for determining air humidity and temperature.

A psychrometer consists of two identical thermometers. A can of liquid from one of the thermometers is wrapped in a cloth, the end of which is dipped into a cup of water. Thanks to this, the cloth always remains damp. As the water evaporates, the cloth and the canister cool, causing the wet-bulb readings to be lower than the dry-bulb readings. Knowing the difference between thermometer readings and dry thermometer readings, you can use special psychrometric tables to determine the relative humidity of the air. If the air is extremely saturated with water vapor and its relative humidity is 100%, thermometers will give the same readings.

For example, let the dry thermometer show a temperature of 24 °C, and the wet thermometer show 21 °C. The difference between the dry and wet thermometer readings is 3 °C. At the intersection of the corresponding row and column, we find that the relative humidity is 77%.

The action of a hair hygrometer is based on the property of defatted human hair and some organic films to change their length depending on the relative humidity of the air. If a hair or film is connected through a transmission mechanism to a movable pointer mounted on an axis and the scale is calibrated, then using such a device you can directly measure the relative humidity of the air.

Source: http://files.school-collection.edu.ru/dlrstore/d958229e-be82-22d1-e23e-26c17130ea88/2195.htm

What instrument measures air humidity?

Here's how humidity is measured:

Psychrometer (Greek psychrós - cold) is a device for measuring air humidity and temperature. The simplest psychrometer consists of two independent temperature sensors, one of which is used as a dry thermometer, and the other as a wet thermometer. The wet temperature sensor is wrapped in cotton cloth, which is dipped in a container of water. Thanks to the flowing air flow and, as a result, evaporation, the surface of the moistened temperature sensor is cooled. At the same time, the ambient air temperature is measured using a second temperature sensor (dry bulb temperature). The temperature difference thus obtained is a measure of the relative humidity in the air, which can be displayed using a microprocessor indicating, regulating or recording device with corresponding sensor inputs. For an additional measurement, such as room temperature, a third thermometer is often built into the psychrometer.

Source: http://otvet.mail.ru/question/

3 instruments and 3 accessories for measuring indoor air humidity

Indoor air humidity is one of the most important indicators that determine the microclimate in the house. If the temperature and speed of air flows can be approximately determined by personal sensations, then it will not be possible to say how much water is in the volume of the room “by eye”. How to determine air humidity? To do this, use either a device for measuring indoor air humidity or improvised means.

They all have individual precision and order of use.

The issue of temperature measurement was discussed in a previous article.

Physical concept

Humidity is the content of water vapor in the air. The comfortable existence of living organisms, the possibility of the development of living nature, and the safety of materials are possible only with certain values ​​of this parameter.

Absolute shows the amount of water vapor in a certain volume. Most often measured in g/m3. It has no practical significance, since it is impossible to determine whether the humidity is normal or not, knowing that the amount of water vapor is 10 g/m3.

The maximum values ​​vary depending on the air temperature. At – 30 o C this parameter is equal to 0.29 g/m 3 , at 0 o C – 4.8 g/m 3 , at + 30 o C – 30.4 g/m 3 . The maximum value is reached at a temperature of 100 o C (boiling point of water) and is equal to 598 g/m 3.

Relative is determined by dividing the current humidity value by the maximum possible at a certain temperature, multiplied by 100. Humidity is measured as a percentage. It is widely used in weather forecasts, the composition of food products, and the characteristics of industrial, warehouse and residential premises.

What are the dangers of insufficient and excess moisture?

The moisture content necessary for the full functioning of a living organism is highly individual and depends on many parameters. A significant excess or deficiency of water vapor is equally harmful to humans, plants, animals, food, building and finishing materials.

It's flowing through the windows

Excessive moisture in the air literally has a deplorable effect on the condition of the objects around us. The inner surface of the windows becomes covered with drops of moisture, which flows onto the windowsill. Bed linen, clothing, and fur products acquire an unpleasant damp smell and are inconvenient and unpleasant to use.

Food spoils and is impossible to eat. Enclosing structures and finishing become covered with mold. Its spores spread through the air and can cause allergic reactions and a sharp decrease in immunity. A person gets sick more often, and the recovery process takes longer.

Like in the desert

Lack of moisture in the air at low temperatures leads to hypothermia and dehydration due to increased sweating.

In such air, the level of static electricity increases and the amount of dust increases. The mucous surfaces of the human body dry out. There is a sore throat, dryness in the nasal cavity, and burning in the eyes.

We use devices

The easiest way to measure air humidity is with a device. It's called a hygrometer. According to the principle of action it happens:

In domestic conditions, psychrometric, hair, and electronic hygrometers are used. To obtain reliable results, know how they measure air humidity.

The most reliable

Determining air humidity using a psychrometer (from Greek - cold) is not difficult. The operation of the device is based on the fact that the presence of moisture lowers the temperature. The panel is equipped with 2 thermometers and a psychrometric table. The first thermometer is dry, the second is wet. To measure, you need to find the difference in temperature readings. The table shows the air temperature measured by a dry thermometer vertically and the difference in readings horizontally. The intersection of these two lines shows the relative air humidity as a percentage.

The psychrometer is a reliable, fairly simple device for determining humidity, providing accurate information. Requires constant monitoring for the presence of water in the wet thermometer container. Allows you to simultaneously monitor air temperature and humidity.

Simplest

The oldest and simplest device for measuring humidity is the hair hygrometer. How to find out air humidity using it?

Just look at the arrow, under which there is a scale with divisions every 1%. The principle of operation is based on changing the linear dimensions of objects depending on their saturation with moisture. For such an item, ordinary fat-free hair is used. This is where the name of the device “hair” comes from.

The disadvantage is the large measurement error (about 10%). The advantages are:

  • high sensitivity;
  • quick response to changes in humidity;
  • large measurement range - from 30 to 100%.

Used to determine the relative air humidity in residential areas. Often it is a beautifully designed piece of furniture.

Most modern

How is humidity measured in modern classic and high-tech interiors? Modern design requires modern appliances. One of these is a digital (electronic) hygrometer. It is based on measuring the resistance of electric current when the humidity of the electrolyte changes.

The disadvantage of this air humidity detector is the need to connect to an electrical network or use batteries.

The liquid crystal display also displays time and temperature. There is a backlight for use at night. The update rate of readings is from 10 to 20 seconds. The error in measuring indoor air humidity is 5%.

Themselves with a mustache

How to measure humidity if there is no device, and there is no need to buy it due to rare use? Ingenuity, experience of generations, simple objects that are in every home will come to the rescue.

Burn, burn my candle

Introducing the old-fashioned way to determine the humidity in a room. To do this, it is enough to make a moisture meter from a simple candle and a match. Before measuring air humidity:

  • close the doors leading to adjacent rooms;
  • ensure there are no drafts;
  • light a candle;
  • watch the flame.

If the flame sways and the halo has a crimson color, there is a lot of water vapor in the air. If the combustion is evenly vertical and the flame is orange-yellow, the presence of water vapor is normal.

Water, glass, refrigerator

This method makes it possible to measure air humidity at home. This device has only three moisture readings:

Before checking the humidity in the apartment, pour plain cold tap water into a glass glass. Place in the refrigerator for 5-6 hours. The water temperature should be 6 o C.

You can measure either using an outdoor thermometer or a bathroom thermometer. Then place the glass on the table in the room, 1 meter away from the windows and walls. After 10 minutes, evaluate the result:

  • condensation on the outer walls of the glass has concentrated into drops that flow onto the table - excess;
  • the physical state of the condensate has not changed - normal;
  • the condensate has evaporated or it has become significantly less - insufficient.

Make your own psychrometer

To determine air humidity, you can use an ordinary room mercury thermometer. It can be used to measure air humidity using a psychrometric method. Before measuring the humidity in the room, prepare an ordinary rag and water.

The procedure for checking the presence of water vapor in the air volume with your own hands is as follows:

  • measure the air temperature in the room and record it;
  • wrap the mercury flask of the thermometer with a damp cloth;
  • wait 10 minutes;
  • take and record thermometer readings;
  • calculate the difference between dry and wet measurements;
  • download the psychrometric table;
  • find the humidity level in the room.

Such an air humidity meter does not take up much space, does not require additional costs, and provides the necessary measurement accuracy.

Normal indicators

It is not enough to determine the air humidity in the room. It is also necessary to know whether the data obtained is normal. The optimal and most comfortable value is 45%. In this case, the acceptable range of changes in air humidity in the apartment is 30 – 60%. In rooms with different functional purposes, it is recommended to maintain different amounts of water vapor:

  • hall, dining room, living room, kitchen, bathroom – 40-60%;
  • bedroom for adults and teenagers – 40-50%;
  • children's room - 45-60%;
  • office - library - 30-40%.

Achieving different indicators of the presence of moisture even in small rooms is quite troublesome. First of all, you need to ensure the humidity level. Most modern living spaces lack it due to the large number of heating and electrical appliances.

This makes you feel worse and reduces your performance. Children suffer the most from this.

We bring it to normal

To ensure a comfortable stay, it is necessary to regulate the relative humidity of the air. To do this you need:

  1. Ventilate the premises regularly, at least twice a day. It is best to do this after waking up and before going to bed. In winter, it is better to carry out short-term ventilation with a wide open window to prevent cooling of the walls and floor. In summer, when the amount of moisture outside is insufficient, you can open the windows not widely for a long time.
  2. Increase the number of indoor plants. Moistening occurs due to the evaporation of moisture from the soil surface. Wrinkled, drooping, dried leaves will indicate a lack of air moisture.
  3. Set up an aquarium. The evaporation of water from its surface greatly humidifies the air. This is noticeable even without measurements. If you don’t want to get involved in aquarium farming, you can place water containers in your apartment. Not so aesthetically pleasing, but very practical.
  4. Carry out wet cleaning regularly. The absence of dust will allow more moisture to be suspended.
  5. Buy a special device for humidifying the air. This is especially true if there are infants and young children.
  6. Spray water using a spray bottle for watering plants or ironing clothes.

AQUARIUM AND AIR HUMIDITY

Whether you choose one method or use a set of measures does not matter. The main thing is that the temperature and humidity indicators are within normal limits.

We need the right humidity, humidity is very important to us. This main conclusion can be drawn by reading the article. Maintain the air humidity in the apartment within normal limits and take care of your own health.

Source: http://uteplix.com/obyekty/3-pribora-i-3-prisposobleniya-dlya-izmereniya-vlazhnosti-vozduha-v-pomeshhenii.html

A device for measuring air humidity and features of its use

From this article you can find out what a device for measuring air humidity should be like. The text discusses the main types of devices designed to control climate by measuring water vapor in the air. The existing types of devices, their technical and operational features, and rules of use are described here.

A device for measuring air humidity and its specifics

Humidity affects the condition of furnishings, household appliances and human well-being. The presence of water vapor in a certain amount in the air depends on the following factors: technogenic impact, climatic features of the region, the state of communications and buildings as a whole, as well as the operating conditions of the room.

A device for measuring air humidity helps control the optimal microclimate in the house

The humidity standard for a healthy person is considered to be 40-60%. To create optimal conditions, special devices are used. Depending on the needs, these can be dehumidifiers or humidifiers. Air humidity meters are used to coordinate the operation of these devices.

Note! There are air conditioning systems with an automated moisture level control function. This type of equipment independently measures air parameters and adjusts them to the norm.

How is air humidity measured in residential premises?

You can measure the amount of water vapor at home using available means, for example, a spruce cone, whose scales open if the room is dry, or monitor the state of condensation by first cooling a container of water.

If the air in the room is dry, the scales of the cone will open

The method, which involves the use of a container, is based on how condensation behaves on cooled surfaces and at what speed it evaporates. A medium located in a closed space, subject to balanced processes of condensation and evaporation, is in a state of saturated vapor. If the amount of moisture in saturated steam is close to the concentration of water vapor in the air of the room, then the evaporation process will be difficult. This will indicate the presence of excessive moisture in the room.

How to measure air humidity in an apartment using a glass:

  1. Fill a glass container with water. Not only a glass, but also a bottle or jar is suitable for these purposes.
  2. Place the container in the refrigerator for a couple of hours.
  3. After this, take out a glass and measure the temperature of the water. This indicator should not exceed 50°C.
  4. The control vessel should be placed in the room, away from heating appliances.

A popular way of measuring air humidity is using a glass of water.

Note! It is imperative to note the time to observe the behavior of the condensate. This will take from 5 to 10 minutes.

If the condensation accumulated on the walls dries within the indicated time, it means the room is dry. Wet glass indicates that the room has optimal conditions with a sufficient level of humidity. If the drops of condensate are large and flow down the walls of the vessel in streams, this indicates an increased amount of water vapor in the room.

What instruments are used to measure air humidity?

More accurate data can be obtained using special instruments. There are several types of devices available for these purposes. The most primitive instruments that measure indoor air humidity are called hygrometers.

This category of devices includes the following types of devices:

How does a hair hygrometer work?

  • condensation;
  • hair;
  • film

Each type of listed devices functions due to a certain operating principle, for example, the design feature of the hair device is the presence of U-shaped tubes. The condensation hygrometer is considered the most accurate. It takes measurements with minimal error.

There is another category of devices for measuring air humidity, they are called psychrometers. Types of psychrometers:

The station version of the device is the most popular of them. Its design includes a pair of thermometers mounted on a tripod. A dry thermometer shows the air temperature in the room; a wet thermometer is wrapped in a cloth, one end of which is lowered into a reservoir filled with liquid (water).

Note! Do not place the tip of a wet bulb thermometer directly into the tank, otherwise it will indicate the temperature of the water rather than the air masses circulating above it. There must be a distance of at least mm between the end of the device and the container.

Classification of instruments for measuring relative air humidity (hygrometers)

The state of human health depends on a large number of factors. An important role in this is played by the cleanliness and humidity of the air. If there is not enough moisture in the room, the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract will dry out, as a result of which a person may develop diseases associated with the activity of harmful bacteria.

Hygrometer with electronic display

The simplest hygrometers involve the use of a table of relative air humidity; from the temperature indicated in it, you can get an idea of ​​the state of the microclimate at the current moment. More advanced models have a set of microcircuits that independently perform calculations and display the result electronically on the screen.

In addition to traditional designs, the modern market offer allows you to buy humidity meters with additional functionality. Such devices also display other data:

  • air temperature in the room;
  • current time and date;
  • atmospheric pressure level.

The most used types of instruments for measuring air humidity

Note! Some types of devices are equipped with an indication system. It informs the owner if the microclimate of the room is outside the normal range. This feature allows you to notice the problem in a timely manner and fix it.

Features of hair room air humidity meter

This type of device is used to determine the humidity level within 30-80%. The design of the device consists of several elements:

  • metal frame in the form of a frame;
  • measuring scale (the step of each division corresponds to 1% humidity);
  • human hair (low-grease);
  • screw-adjustable pointer;
  • a pulley designed to allow the free end of a hair to be thrown over with a weight attached.

Modern devices for measuring air humidity can also display the date

A hair hygrometer is a type of measuring device designed to determine air humidity, the principle of operation of which is based on the hygroscopicity of human hair, in other words, the ability to lengthen or shorten under the influence of moisture. When the humidity in the room decreases or increases, the hair tension weakens or, on the contrary, increases. As a result, the pulley turns and moves the arrow pointing to the scale. Due to this, it is possible to determine the exact indicator of ambient humidity.

The hair type hygrometer has a significant advantage over other devices. Its readings cannot be affected by air temperature, as is the case with electrolytic models. It does not require electricity to operate; the hygrometer operates through mechanical processes.

Which device option to choose to create comfortable climatic conditions. Types of designs, their characteristics, the best models of purifiers.

What device measures air humidity in its absolute value?

In order to identify the current level of humidity in a room, you need to know two values: the relative humidity indicator and the absolute value. The percentage ratio between them is the desired parameter. Therefore, it would be useful to know the name of the device for measuring air humidity in its absolute value and the principle of its operation. A weighing hygrometer measures the amount of water vapor contained in one unit of air (1 m³).

Mechanical type hygrometer

The device includes several U-shaped tubes that form a system. Inside them there is a hygroscopic substance that absorbs moisture from air masses. A certain volume of air passes through the system, which is taken from one point. This design allows you to determine the mass of air at the inlet and outlet, as well as its volume. The absolute value is determined by mathematical calculations.

Interesting fact! The study of water vapor as one of the components of air began in the 16th century. The author of the first scientific work on this topic was J. Port. It was published in the 17th century. After the heyday of steam engines. water vapor again interested scientists. After serious research in this area, the fourth International Conference was held in 1963, dedicated to its physical characteristics.

Characteristics of ceramic instruments for determining air humidity

Ceramic devices are a commonly used type of moisture meter; moisture meters of this type are simple and mechanical. The device is made of ceramic mass, which can be porous or solid. It contains metal elements. The ceramic mass has electrical resistance, and room humidity has a direct impact on the level of this resistance.

In order for the mechanical design of a room humidity meter to function properly, certain metal oxides must be included in the ceramic mass. Silicon, clay and kaolin are used as a base.

Features of condensation devices for measuring air humidity in an apartment

A condensation hygrometer makes it possible to obtain the most accurate indicators reflecting the climatic comfort of the room. It is for this reason that many consumers will choose to buy this type of indoor air humidity meter.

Mechanical thermometer with hygrometer

The design of the device consists of the following elements:

  • metal box;
  • thermometer;
  • rubber bulb;
  • heat-insulating gasket;
  • front wall;
  • ring.
Modern device showing temperature, time and humidity

The condenser type of humidity and temperature meter analyzes the amount of condensation that forms on the surface of the glass. A small beam of light is directed onto a special mirror that is cooled, causing drops of water or ice crystals to appear on the surface. The temperature is determined using an electronic thermometer built under the mirror. The device converts the received data into an indicator that displays the level of relative humidity.

Note! Consumers can select and buy a device for measuring air humidity of an improved modification. Such models are equipped with a display designed to display readings. The advantage of such devices lies in long-term stability. The devices are characterized by a long service life and an increased range of action (the device covers from 0 to 100%).

The most optimal level of air humidity in the room is 40-60%

Features of electronic temperature and humidity meters

The capabilities of an electronic device for measuring indoor air humidity allow you to measure changes in the concentration of the electrolyte that coats a material with electrical insulating properties. These materials include plastic and glass. Some device options have an automatic heating function. They measure the dew point.

In addition, temperature fluctuations are taken into account, since it can affect the operation of the device, albeit insignificantly, therefore the devices are equipped with thermometers to facilitate their operation.

Electronic modifications are precise in measurements, which mechanical designs cannot offer. The percentage of errors in their work is extremely low.

Hygrometer in modern design

Consumers can buy air humidity meters that have different operating specifications:

  1. Air conductivity measurement - devices determine the value of absolute humidity. To calculate relative humidity, you need to measure the temperature.
  2. Optoelectronic measurements - devices measure dew point using a cooled mirror. It is frozen, after which a process of gradual heating occurs.
  3. Resistive measurements - the operation of the devices is based on the effect of changes in the conductivity of polymers or salts under the influence of humidity levels.
  4. Capacitance measurements - during operation, the unit monitors changes in the capacitance of the capacitor (polymer or metal oxide).

Psychrometric hygrometer VIT-1

How to measure air humidity at home using a psychrometer

Psychrometers are designed to determine relative humidity. The device operates due to the physical properties of the liquid, in particular its ability to evaporate. This process creates a difference between the wet bulb and dry bulb temperature readings. During evaporation, the liquid loses some of its energy, causing a decrease in temperature. This change is detected by the thermometer.

The psychrometer design consists of a pair of alcohol or mercury psychrometers. As the liquid evaporates, the wet bulb thermometer cools. The lower the air humidity level, the faster the liquid evaporates. In turn, the drier the air, the lower the temperature indicator displayed by wet thermometers. Due to this, there is a difference between the readings.

Note! Regardless of the device used to measure air humidity, it should not be installed near radiators or air conditioners, otherwise the measurements will be inaccurate. In addition, you need to monitor the condition of the material for moisture. It should be clean and wet.

Some psychrometric hygrometers require specific temperature conditions. For example, the lowest permissible temperature limit for winter is -15°C, and for summer the highest temperature limit is 40°C. The measurement range depends on the temperature, the air humidity table with environmental indicators can be used as a guide.

Measuring range according to air humidity table:

Air humidity level in a room: how to measure the amount of water vapor

The process of measuring humidity using a psychrometer is very simple. In addition to this value, the device also measures the temperature parameter. As a rule, along with alcohol thermometers mounted on a plastic base, the manufacturer places a psychrometric table of relative air humidity, which allows you to read the readings.

There is one important condition that ensures accurate operation of the device. The psychrometer is extremely sensitive to drafts, so it is recommended to create conditions under which the speed of movement of air masses in the room should not be more than 1 m/sec, otherwise the difference in readings taken from thermometers will be much greater than in reality, which will lead to inaccurate result.

Modern design of a device for measuring air humidity

The psychrometric table of air humidity is used to interpret the psychrometer readings. The first column contains dry bulb temperature readings. The first line displays the difference that occurs during the measurement process between the readings of both thermometers. To get the actual level of relative humidity, you need to take the value that is formed at the intersection of the corresponding parameter from the first column and the first row.

The Assmann psychrometer is an improved modification of the device, which takes measurements more accurately and is not afraid of drafts, since its thermometers are protected from heat and direct sunlight thanks to the metal case.

Home weather stations for convenient microclimate control

For consumers who pay increased attention to their own health and strive to bring air parameters closer to the optimal value, climate control equipment manufacturers offer to buy an electronic hygrometer - a humidity and temperature meter and a barometer in one device. A design with similar functionality is capable of fully controlling the microclimate. However, the price of such devices is quite high.

Such devices not only have a large number of functions, but also have a decorative design. They can optimally fit into almost any room interior. You can also find unusual combinations on sale, for example, baby monitors with a built-in hygrometer. These devices are optimized specifically for children's rooms. There are also models with Wi-Fi function. They connect to the World Wide Web and display weather forecasts and other data on the display.

Home weather station for microclimate control

A hygrometer will become an indispensable assistant in maintaining optimal climatic conditions in the house. Its readings help to adjust the operation of the humidifier or dehumidifier and bring the level of water vapor in the air to normal.

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Source: http://remoo.ru/ventilyaciya/pribor-dlya-izmereniya-vlazhnosti-vozduha

A device for measuring indoor air humidity

The question of how to make a device for measuring air humidity has interested physicists from time immemorial. At one time, this problem also worried weather forecasters. Today, even for ordinary people, it is no less important to have information about the level of humidity inside the premises where they live, work and simply spend a lot of time.

How does air humidity affect your health?

The body of an adult, mature person consists of almost 70% water, and the body of a small child is even more, about 90%. According to experts, a person should consume at least 2 liters of ordinary water per day, which helps maintain the basic functioning of the body.

Prolonged exposure to a dry environment leads to loss of moisture from the skin and, as a result, rapid aging. The human lungs release air whose humidity is about 100%. If too dry air is inhaled, it is moistened in the body due to internal fluids. Prolonged exposure to such conditions necessarily causes drying of the mucous membranes. This is where the feeling of dry mouth, dry lips, nasal congestion, the occurrence of periodic small coughs, wheezing and snoring during sleep comes from.

Equipment for measuring air humidity

There are a number of both specialized and improvised instruments for measuring indoor air humidity levels. Among the most common special devices are psychrometers and hygrometers. Such devices serve a single purpose, but their operation is based on fundamentally different principles.

If we talk about improvised methods of measuring humidity, then we can note the possibility of using an ordinary glass of water or a standard thermometer, which will be discussed in more detail below.

Hygrometers

A hygrometer is a device for measuring air humidity, the operating principle of which makes it possible to identify how changes in humidity indicators affect individual bodies and matters. A striking example is the hair hygrometer, where defatted human hair serves as the measuring medium. By changing its own length, based on changes in humidity, the hair allows you to obtain data on the required indicator in the range from 30 to 100%.

Film-type hygrometers have also become widespread. Such a device for measuring air humidity contains an element in the form of an organic film that is extremely sensitive to moisture levels. There are also a number of other, more highly accurate hygrometers. However, their use in domestic conditions may be too expensive.

Psychrometers

The psychrometric method of calculating humidity indicators has become quite widespread in everyday life. If a hygrometric device for measuring air humidity usually shows deviations of about 5% in both directions, then in the case of psychrometers there are no such errors.

The simplest psychrometers have two sensors - dry and wet. While the evaporation of water cools the wet sensor, the dry element of the psychrometer records changes in the ambient temperature. The result of measurements based on this principle is the formation of the necessary indicators in a special microprocessor device.

Thus, it is easy to understand that a psychrometer is a device for determining air humidity, where the main role is played by recording the temperature difference between dry and wet sensors.

Measuring air humidity without using equipment

There is a fairly simple way by which you can obtain fairly objective data on the level of humidity in a room. Moreover, all you need to do is have an ordinary glass glass of water.

To measure humidity, you need to fill a glass with cold water, then place the container in the refrigerator for several hours until the water cools to a temperature of about 5 o C. Having placed the glass in the room in which you want to find out the humidity level, you should observe the surface of the glass, turning attention to the following:

  • if the walls of the glass first fog up and then dry quickly within a few minutes, then the air in the room is dry;
  • the persistence of the effect of fogging the walls after 5-10 minutes after the start of observations indicates average air humidity;
  • the appearance of flowing streams on the walls of the glass indicates high humidity.

Measuring humidity with a thermometer

A fairly effective device for measuring air humidity is a regular thermometer. Using a thermometer for this purpose is a kind of copying of the principle of operation of psychrometers.

To begin with, using a standard mercury thermometer, the air temperature in the room is recorded, and then its head is tightly wrapped with damp gauze or a piece of wet cotton wool. After 10 minutes, new temperature readings are noted.

To find out the percentage of humidity, the wet-bulb temperature is subtracted from the dry-bulb temperature data.

Maintaining humidity balance in practice

Theoretical knowledge about indoor humidity measurement is important. However, for those who are faced with the need to maintain a “healthy” balance of dryness and humidity in the air space, practice is still required.

To control the humidity conditions in your own home, it is enough to purchase an effective device for measuring indoor air humidity. Now this task is not a problem. The most popular in recent years are electronic devices for calculating humidity with external and internal sensors. The external sensor is placed outside the window, while the device body remains inside. This allows you to obtain objective data on humidity indicators both indoors and outdoors.

If you wish, you can spend money on purchasing a psychrometer or hygrometer. However, this option cannot be called too economical. The cost of a particular device here will largely depend on the accuracy of the indicators and the available measurement ranges.

As a result, the most effective may be the purchase of a special air humidifier, which, in addition to its main task, is capable of recording the necessary indicators in the room.

Source: http://www.syl.ru/article/184101/new_pribor-dlya-izmereniya-vlajnosti-vozduha-v-pomeschenii

How is air humidity measured?

If you do not want to encounter troubles associated with humidity in the house, then you need to constantly monitor its level. The air, which is dusty and dry, contains a huge number of antigens (causing allergic reactions) that have negative consequences. Air that is damp can become a source of chronic diseases in humans. How to measure air humidity in an apartment? This article will be able to answer this and other questions that may arise.

To carry out constant monitoring, it is necessary to measure humidity using a special device (determining devices). And such a device exists today. This is a hygrometer. Today there are several varieties of this device, which will be discussed in detail.

Measuring device

Today there are several types of devices for measuring indoor air humidity (rooms or apartments). How is air humidity in rooms measured and determined? Let's take a closer look at all types of hygrometers.

Thermohygrometer

Air humidity can be measured using a thermohygrometer. Let's look at his work. It has a complex system, so it determines not only the moisture level, but also the temperature inside the room. Also, in addition, this device records the values ​​of the moisture state and temperature values ​​​​at various points. That is, he compares the state of two indicators in the place where he is at this moment and in the previous room.

A device for determining air humidity synchronizes the values ​​it received at different points in the building. According to these readings, the thermo-hygrometer gives an overall result of the humidity and temperature values. What technical characteristics does it have?

Let's look at the technical characteristics of the thermohygrometer. The length of the wire is 150 centimeters. Indicators are displayed as percentages, the range of which is from 0 to 90. You can also purchase thermohygrometer models in stores that are wireless.

These models have an additional function: when the moisture level in the room is critical, the measuring device gives a signal that notifies the owner about the poor air condition. It is convenient to use this device(s) or meter when measuring humidity in an apartment.

With this hygrometer you can measure temperature and humidity. You will literally be involved in changing the “weather” at home.

Psychrometer

This room apparatus is called in full - a psychrometric hygrometer. How to determine the air humidity in an apartment using a psychrometer? They have two thermometers. One thermometer is called “dry”, which does the standard job of measuring room temperature.

The other thermometer is a wet thermometer because it is inside a water vessel and is wrapped with a cloth wick. It gives an indication of the temperature of the wick, which is wet. The value of this temperature is obtained due to the evaporation of moisture. If the humidity level is low, then evaporation occurs much faster. And vice versa.

Thanks to a psychrometer, you will be able to obtain the necessary information about the state of your room, that is, determine the air humidity in the room when we measure it. Today, a psychrometer is often used to control moisture content.

Devices: hair and film

A hair device for measuring indoor air humidity is quite easy to construct. Why is it called that? This type of hygrometer works on the basis of synthetic hair, which is fat-free. How to find out the air humidity on it? How to measure air humidity in an apartment using a hair device?

Due to changes in the air condition, this synthetic low-fat hair also changes its length. It is stretched between the spring and the pointer end. Due to the oscillation of synthetic hair, the arrow moves along the plate with divisions (dial), which gives the general values ​​of the moisture level in the room. Let's discuss the “insides” of the device.

This device for measuring air humidity has a wide range of values ​​- from 0 to 100. Therefore, information about the state of the air flow will be the most accurate. Its main feature is the simplicity of its operation. They are easy to handle so you won't struggle with it while using it. This meter can be placed on the wall in the room - it is quite convenient. Measure and find out information about the condition of the apartment, which will always be before your eyes.

There is another type of hygrometer - a film one. How to check the air humidity in an apartment using it? The film hygrometer is constructed differently, and therefore the operating principle is different from the hair hygrometer. The main distinguishing feature of a film hygrometer is the presence of an element that is sensitive. This component in the device is an organic film. The principle of operation is that the organic film can stretch, or vice versa, shrink - this depends on the state of air humidity in the house. The humidity value is also displayed on the dial.

If there are relatively low temperatures in a certain humid room, then it is recommended to use hair or film hygrometers. Other devices are simply not suitable for determining the level of humidity in a room; they are practically not used.

Device selection

Before purchasing a particular hygrometer, you need to find out information about it. There are measuring instruments for determining air humidity. There are also varieties. Let's consider measuring instruments (hygrometers):

  • wall mounted appliance;
  • benchtop moisture meter;
  • mechanical device;
  • digital device.

Which devices to choose? The choice of one type of device or another depends on the consumer himself. First, you need to familiarize yourself with the technical characteristics of the device and some nuances. Let's take a closer look at them:

  • Decide how important measurement accuracy is to you. Because different devices give different values. Some hygrometers will give exact values, while others will give approximate values. But this does not mean that these are “bad” devices. Most buyers are content to purchase hygrometers that give "inaccurate" readings because that's good enough.
  • Next, you need to immediately decide on the future location of the device, since not all types and types of devices used can be installed anywhere in your home. For example, not all devices can be located on walls. Although it is recommended to purchase wall hygrometers, using them for monitoring.
  • We check that the measuring device has the required configuration. Indicators and a psychrometric table must be available. If this is the case, then you are purchasing a high quality moisture level meter. It will measure the relative humidity of the air accurately.

These are the main three points to which you need to pay attention. Before purchasing, it is best to find out the information from the product seller, who will help you choose the right device, subject to all requests and conditions.

Increased moisture

The air humidity in the apartment is measured so as not to encounter the difficulties of dry air and increased moisture levels. Some people believe that this is not a serious problem, so installing a hygrometer is pointless. But this attitude needs to be changed, since there will be negative consequences if the level of humidity in the apartment is not controlled.

A relatively high level of air moisture at home is a source of microscopic fungi on surfaces. Also, such conditions are a favorable environment for the development of fungus, which can adversely affect human health. Mold can cause a person to develop allergies.

The dampness that appears due to humid air will increase the proliferation of mold, therefore, the number of spores released into the air will also increase.

But do not forget that allergies are just one of the diseases that mold can cause in humans. The fungus can become a source of a variety of infectious diseases.

Mold spores may end up in your food. A person and his entire body may begin to suffer from foodborne illnesses. This is dangerous for all the people who live in this house.

To avoid all these problems, it is necessary to regularly ventilate the room. Ventilation should take place regardless of the temperature outside the window and at any time of the year.

Ventilation should be carried out at least twice a day. This is the minimum amount, preferably more. Thanks to this, you will be able to make much less moisture. Protect your apartment or rooms (rooms) that have high moisture and enjoy the air!

You can enjoy a pleasant home environment thanks to the fact that moisture is always measured and controlled.

By controlling the level of humidity in the room, you will help eliminate the likelihood of mold or mildew developing on various surfaces. It will also keep your body healthy. That's why a hygrometer was created that will make your task easier. The stores have a fairly wide range of these devices, which allows you to choose the right hygrometer for yourself and will be suitable for your needs.

When choosing, look at the accuracy of the device's values. Not everyone needs instruments (meters) that display ultra-precise readings of relative air humidity levels. Most buyers are satisfied with approximate values ​​when determining. The air humidity in the room and the accuracy of the readings depend on the technical component of the meter.

First, compare the technical characteristics of a particular type of moisture detector. A device that is chosen at random will cause a lot of frustration during use and will not meet all the requirements. You will only ruin your nerves and mood and waste your money.

Therefore, after purchasing a determinant, keep the receipt for it so as not to encounter future troubles. Thanks to the receipt, the hygrometer can be returned to the store if it does not meet your requirements. Buy a quality determinant to protect your room! You will be able to maintain home coziness and comfort.

Source: http://teplota.guru/gidroizolyatsiya/chem-izmeryayut-vlazhnost-vozduha.html