Treatment for catarrhal sore throat

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Symptoms and treatment of catarrhal tonsillitis in children and adults

Catarrhal tonsillitis appears in humans most often at the beginning of winter and until spring, that is, during the period when the body is weakened and its immunity suffers the most.

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During the same period, the body is exposed to various unfavorable factors: hypothermia, viral infections, the pathogens of which settle on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract and pharynx.

This is a relatively mild form of the existing types of tonsillitis. In this case, the damage to the throat and tonsils is superficial, but, like all other types, catarrhal tonsillitis is dangerous due to its complications. Incubation period of the disease: from several hours to 3-4 days.

Causes of the disease

The causative agents of sore throat can be banal microorganisms: staphylococci, streptococci, and less often other pathogenic bacteria living in the pharynx. Local immunity reduces their activity and thereby prevents the onset of the disease. Favorable conditions for the occurrence of the disease can be overwork, poor nutrition, and decreased immunity. Airborne transmission is possible. Diseases such as hr. can contribute to the occurrence of angina. sinusitis, otitis, adenoids, caries.

Symptoms

The photo shows bright hyperemia (redness) of the mucous membranes

The disease begins abruptly and acutely. The patient is bothered by a sore throat and dry mouth, and slight pain when swallowing. Body temperature depends on the characteristics of the body. Its range can be from 37.2 degrees to 39. Almost immediately with the onset of the disease, the patient begins to feel lethargy, malaise, weakness, pain in muscles and joints, and headache.

Laboratory blood tests do not change significantly. Leukocytosis and ESR may be slightly elevated or remain within normal limits. Protein can sometimes be found in the urine, especially at elevated temperatures.

When examining the throat, the attending physician will notice enlarged tonsils, swelling and hyperemia of the arches of the pharyngeal mucosa. These phenomena extend no further than the palatine arches. With a deeper spread of hyperemia, pharyngitis begins, and this is a completely different disease, and therefore treatment. This is usually a two-way process. The submandibular nodes are painful on palpation and increased in size. There is a sharp pain when swallowing.

Elderly people and children may experience signs of chills and convulsions at high temperatures. Catarrhal tonsillitis can be without fever. In this case, it seems safe and is perceived as a simple cold. But remember that this is already a threat to health, since treatment not started on time can lead to serious consequences.

During pregnancy

Pregnant women are sensitive to infectious diseases transmitted by airborne droplets. Catarrhal tonsillitis also belongs to this group. This disease is dangerous at any stage of pregnancy. It is dangerous due to complications that arise from untimely treatment. These complications can be: pharyngeal abscess, meningitis, general sepsis.

It would be useful to remind you of the inability to tolerate a sore throat during pregnancy. Strict bed rest is necessary. For treatment, it is good to use folk methods and remedies (gargling with decoctions of sage, chamomile, calendula). But sometimes rinsing is not enough. To avoid the impact of the disease on the development of the fetus and the course of pregnancy, it is necessary to contact a qualified specialist who will prescribe the necessary treatment that is gentle for the pregnant woman and the unborn baby.

In children

Catarrhal tonsillitis is one of the most common diseases in children in the autumn-winter period. Cold is a serious stress for a baby. Especially if his immune system is compromised. Poor nutrition, lack of fresh air, poor physical fitness, hypothermia, cold drinks or eating ice cream can provoke the proliferation of dangerous organisms in the oral cavity and lead to an exacerbation of the disease. It is possible for a child to become infected by airborne droplets through contact with a sick person in groups (kindergartens, schools), because catarrhal tonsillitis is contagious, like any other infectious disease.

Children have their own characteristics of the course of the disease

Despite the fact that sore throat is considered a common disease in children, it should be taken seriously. Its improper treatment can lead to the appearance of chronic tonsillitis, which provokes the occurrence of many serious diseases: rheumatoid arthritis, kidney disease, heart disease.

In children, the clinical symptoms of the disease are more pronounced. A film may appear on the tongue, but it can be easily removed without leaving marks. The inflammatory process can also spread to the nasopharyngeal mucosa.

The main conditions for the treatment of catarrhal sore throat in children are bed rest, drinking plenty of fluids, and treating the throat with a variety of sprays. It is not recommended to lubricate a child's tonsils - this can damage the protective layer of the mucous membrane, which will worsen the situation. The decision to take medications is made only by the attending pediatrician.

Treatment

The patient is prescribed bed rest. Since such conditions are accompanied by dehydration, it is necessary to give plenty of fluids to drink. To facilitate the swallowing process, food is given pureed and in small portions.

With minor signs of the disease and mild intoxication of the body, you can get by with taking sulfonamide drugs: the combined antimicrobial drug Biseptol, as well as Septrin, Bactrim, Streptocid. At elevated temperatures (more than 38 degrees), it is necessary to give antipyretic drugs (Cefekon, Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Aspirin), antihistamines are prescribed (Loratadine, Suprastin, Diazolin, Tavegil). Immunomodulators and vitamins will support the immune system.

Use of antibiotics

This is what catarrhal tonsillitis looks like, clickable photo

Treatment with antibiotics for catarrhal tonsillitis depends on the history of the disease, its clinical picture, as well as a rapid test that will help determine the causative agent of inflammation. The doctor decides whether to take antibiotics.

For local treatment, it is important and necessary to use irrigating preparations in the form of a spray: Hexoral, Faringo-spray, Orasept. They will help relieve pain and inflammation in the throat.

When gargling, you can use a variety of antibacterial infusions and solutions that soften the throat mucosa. For example: a decoction of oak bark, infusions of chamomile and sage (take one tablespoon of herb for one glass of boiled water). Antiseptics are used for rinsing: alcohol tinctures of calendula or sophora, boric acid solution, hydrogen peroxide. The doctor may prescribe rinsing the lacunae of the tonsils with iodinol solution.

It is not recommended to carry out warming manipulations (thermal procedures, warming semi-alcohol compresses) during acute tonsillitis. Since this promotes increased blood flow and leads to an exacerbation of the inflammatory process, which can lead to a peritonsillar abscess.

More details about physical procedures for angina read here

Folk remedies will be a good assistant to traditional medicine. Raspberry jam tea and linden tea will enhance the healing effect and help relieve fever.

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Catarrhal sore throat - symptoms and treatment methods

Catarrhal tonsillitis is an infectious disease that causes inflammation of the tonsils and the mucous membrane surrounding them. The upper layers of the tonsil tissue turn red, swell, and become very painful upon palpation and exposure to the surrounding mucosa. The catarrhal form of sore throat is one of the easiest to treat and easy to treat. If it is not treated, it can develop into a more complex and dangerous type of disease.

How does the disease occur?

Catarrhal sore throat is caused by bacteria that live in the human oropharynx. The causative agents most often are streptococci in the throat, staphylococci, various viruses, fungi and spirochetes. All diseases of the oral cavity, pharynx and chronic diseases of the head help provoke the development of the disease: caries, chronic sinusitis, chronic otitis, adenoiditis, enlarged lymph nodes.

Onset of the disease

The person’s general condition deteriorates sharply, a sore throat occurs, and the lymph nodes become enlarged. The throat begins to feel sore and tickling, lethargy, dry mucous membranes and muscle pain are felt.

All symptoms that arise are accompanied by weakness, headaches or the appearance of migraines.

Accordingly, the prescribed treatment will not bring results. Such a decision may cost the patient the development of complications and more severe forms of angina.

This is a seasonal disease. During the cold season, a person’s immunity is weakened, and chronic diseases worsen. Microorganisms that contribute to the infection and spread of sore throat multiply unhindered in the oropharynx.

Is it possible to become infected with catarrhal sore throat?

A mild form of sore throat can be easily infected through airborne droplets and household contact. Microorganisms - pathogens of the disease are transmitted through dishes, towels, clothes and any shared items.

To prevent infection, it is necessary to immediately isolate a sick person from healthy people. If this cannot be done, then the sick person must wear a medical mask or gauze bandage. You can make your own bandage by rolling up at least three layers of gauze and sewing them together. You also need to constantly ventilate the room, maintain optimal temperature (23-25 ​​C) and air humidity (50-70%). To increase humidity in the air, there are household humidifiers, and in winter you can place wet towels on heating radiators. Hang garlic chopped into small pieces around the room or pour it into a cup and add a small amount of water. Garlic acts as a powerful antiseptic.

After each contact, you must wash your hands (and all contact parts of the body) with soap.

Differences between catarrhal tonsillitis and other types

Catarrhal tonsillitis differs from all other types of the disease by the localization of inflammation in the upper layers of the mucosa. Due to minor damage to the upper tissues of the tonsils, treatment and progression of the disease is quick and easy.

The main symptoms of catarrhal tonsillitis

  • Dryness of all mucous membranes (especially the oropharynx and nasopharynx);
  • persistent feeling of tickling and tickling;
  • soreness of the tonsils upon exposure and palpation;
  • enlarged lymph nodes in the neck;
  • feeling of burning and burning in the throat. This symptom may be confused with eating hot foods and drinks;
  • Body temperature can rise from 37 degrees to 39 degrees. In children, the temperature often rises and remains around 40 degrees;
  • lethargy, muscle aches, headaches and migraines, drowsiness.

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Diagnostic methods

An important point in diagnosing catarrhal tonsillitis is asking about the medical history of the disease. The therapist conducts an initial examination of the oral cavity, palpates the lymph nodes and measures the temperature. The ENT examines the oropharynx and prescribes the necessary tests for the causative agent of catarrhal tonsillitis.

Methods of treating the disease

  • Peace;
  • bed rest;
  • drink plenty of fluids (clean water, fruit juice, tea, herbal infusions);
  • warm (not hot or cold) food. Spicy, fried and fatty foods are not recommended until complete recovery.

Antipyretics (paracetamol, cefekon, nurofen) are prescribed only for fever. Doctors strongly do not recommend lowering the temperature below 38 degrees.

Rinsing with antiseptic agents, often furatsilin, is carried out every hour when the first symptoms of the disease appear. On the third day, the rinsing regimen is set to three: morning, afternoon and evening. Rinsing is done after eating and drinking. What to rinse with: nitrofural (furatsilin), soda, salt, herbal mixtures.

Inhalation of aerosol drugs prescribed by an ENT specialist. The most effective: Tantum Verde, Hexoral, Ingalipt. Spraying is done after eating and drinking. After it, it is recommended not to eat or drink for minutes.

After consulting with your doctor, you can start a course of vodka compresses. Gauze is dipped in vodka or alcohol and placed on the neck in the area of ​​the lymph nodes and tonsils. The course begins only after the acute period of the disease has subsided.

Antibiotics are prescribed to eliminate and reduce the number of pathogens in the human blood. To completely get rid of the disease, you need to take a full course of antibiotics. Significant improvements after the first few days of use - the beginning of the recovery period. If you stop taking the medication, catarrhal tonsillitis may return (including with complications). The most effective antibiotics: Flemoxin Solutab, Biseptol, Tetracycline, Levomycetin.

Prebiotics must be taken along with antibiotics to normalize intestinal function. An antibiotic kills not only harmful bacteria, but also beneficial ones. Preparations containing a probiotic: Otsipol, Smecta, Linex.

In acute cases of the disease, an ENT specialist may prescribe lavage of the lacunae.

Surgical intervention is not required, since catarrhal tonsillitis affects only the upper layers of mucosal tissue.

Folk remedies

  • Mash the young wormwood, soak it and wrap it in gauze. Apply to the throat at night. In the morning, change the bandage to another one;
  • mix three-year-old aloe juice and linden honey in proportions 1:1 and lubricate the tonsils;
  • A few drops of propolis are dissolved in 200 ml of pure water. Drink in the morning on an empty stomach.

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Possible complications

  • The appearance of more severe forms of tonsillitis (lacunary tonsillitis, etc.);
  • chronic sinusitis;
  • otitis;
  • promotion of inflammation inside the body. In this case, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc. may occur.
  • infection entering the human blood (sepsis, etc.).
  • cardiovascular pathologies (angina pectoris, tachycardia, pericarditis, etc.).

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If a sore throat is just beginning, gargling is the first thing we do to remove redness. And then I give my daughter Tonsilotren to dissolve. I like the effect better this way. It relieves pain and has an anti-inflammatory effect.

Previously, I had a sore throat 2-3 times a year, now no more than once. At the first signs, I gargle with water with chlorophyllipt (an alcohol solution, a local antibiotic) - I take half a teaspoon of the solution in a glass of warm boiled water. If the pain is severe, there is severe inflammation, then I add a whole teaspoon. Chlorophyllipt kills bacteria well - streptococci, even the pain goes away within half an hour. But you need to rinse 3-4 times a day, not more often, so as not to kill the beneficial flora. The rest of the time it is better to rinse with herbs - chamomile, eucalyptus.

Our doctor is in no hurry to prescribe an antibiotic at the slightest redness and complaint of sore throat. We try to gargle with a chamomile decoction and give Tonzilotren to the child to dissolve as prescribed. I like the safe composition and good effect of this drug. Within a week my throat was healthy.

Source: http://www.pulmonologiya.com/lor-zabolevaniya/glotka/angina/kataralnaya.html

Catarrhal sore throat: causes, symptoms and treatment methods

Catarrhal tonsillitis is a relatively mild form of the disease, which is superficial in nature. But the lack of necessary treatment leads to serious complications. Therefore, symptoms cannot be ignored.

Causes of catarrhal tonsillitis

The main factor in the development of catarrhal tonsillitis is bacterial and viral infections. They provoke the process of pathological changes. They are most often transmitted by airborne droplets. But there is a risk of becoming infected when using household items on the surface of which there may be pathogens.

  • Nervous tension;
  • Hypothermia of the body;
  • Lack of vitamins;
  • Damage to the tonsils;
  • Weakened immunity;
  • Diseases of the nasopharynx;
  • Abrupt climate change.

These are the factors you should pay attention to.

Symptoms of the disease

The first symptoms appear at the beginning of the development of sore throat. The body temperature rises to thirty-eight degrees, and does not subside even when taking antipyretics. Efficiency decreases, a state of general malaise and weakness occurs.

The incubation period can last from several hours to several days. Depends on the characteristics of the body.

I'm worried about headaches and aching joints. There is no appetite, sleep is disturbed, and vomiting occurs.

The tonsils acquire a red tint and increase in size, but there is no pus. They become covered with a gray coating in the form of a film.

  • Burning in the throat;
  • Pain when swallowing food;
  • Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck;
  • Dry mouth;
  • A sore throat.

Children may experience seizures and chills. They refuse to eat and become moody. These symptoms are most likely to appear before the age of three.

Diagnostics

If symptoms are detected, you must consult a doctor for a diagnosis. After an initial examination and history taking, a smear is performed, the diagnosis of which allows you to identify a pathogenic microorganism.

Blood is drawn for general and biochemical analysis. A general urine test is also done.

After conducting research, the picture of the pathological process becomes clear. Based on the test results, the optimal treatment method is selected individually for each patient.

Treatment methods

The mainstay of treatment is antibiotics. They are the ones who help fight bacteria. If the cause of sore throat is a virus, antiviral therapy is prescribed.

Improvement in the patient's condition is observed after a few hours. The intensity of pain decreases and the temperature drops.

Tablets are used to treat adult patients, and suspensions are used for children. In advanced cases, intravenous administration of drugs can be carried out; this is the most effective method.

Local medications are also prescribed. Regular gargling with antiseptic solutions or herbal decoctions is necessary.

Aerosols irrigate the throat well and quickly eliminate the inflammatory process and unpleasant symptoms. But they are contraindicated for infants. High concentrations of active ingredients can lead to overdose.

Pregnancy greatly complicates the treatment process. During this period, many medications are contraindicated. Therefore, how to treat catarrhal sore throat is decided on an individual basis. Antibiotics may be prescribed in case of a serious threat to the health of the expectant mother.

Patients are advised to adhere to bed rest. It is necessary to exclude any physical activity until complete recovery. The room should be regularly ventilated, and wet cleaning should be carried out at least twice a day.

In children, the disease is often accompanied by a runny nose, so it is necessary to cleanse the sinuses.

You need to drink plenty of fluids to restore water and salt balance. A dehydrated body is more difficult to treat.

Particular attention should be paid to the diet. Eating regular food causes pain and discomfort; it is better to grind it first. Dishes should not be too hot so as not to irritate the mucous membranes.

You need to give up too spicy, salty, fried, fatty foods. It is recommended to eat more fresh:

They contain a lot of useful microelements that strengthen the immune system and increase the body's protective functions.

The patient must have individual hygiene items and utensils to prevent the infection from spreading.

The course of treatment ranges from ten days to two weeks. After which the patient is re-examined to confirm successful treatment.

Prevention of occurrence

To exclude the possibility of relapse, you should be careful about your health. Take vitamin complexes several times a year to strengthen the immune system.

The activity of pathogenic microorganisms is observed during the cold season. You should always dress appropriately for the weather to prevent hypothermia.

Nutrition should be balanced and rich in proteins and vitamins. They are found in cereals, vegetables, and fruits.

The catarrhal form of sore throat can appear due to pathogenic microorganisms in the teeth. It is necessary to regularly visit the dentist's office and treat caries.

While watching the video you will learn about the treatment of sore throat.

Catarrhal tonsillitis—affects the mucous membrane of the tonsils without penetrating deeper. But without professional medical care, the disease progresses and leads to the development of complications. To prevent this, when you notice the first symptoms, you should consult a doctor. Timely diagnosis allows you to prescribe effective treatment.

Source: http://improvehealth.ru/item/kataralnaya-angina-prichiny-simptomy-i-metody-lecheniya-3235.html

Catarrhal sore throat - causes, symptoms and treatment

The catarrhal form of sore throat is the least dangerous of all its varieties; with timely diagnosis and adequate treatment, after a few days the symptoms subside, and 7-10 days are enough for complete recovery.

But nevertheless, like any type of this disease, it can cause the development of serious complications.

Complications of catarrhal tonsillitis are:

  • development of a retropharyngeal abscess;
  • the occurrence of formations in the larynx, trachea, bronchi;
  • development of spastic contraction of the muscles of the larynx (croup);
  • in the absence or non-compliance with the rules of antibiotic therapy, nephritis, rheumatoid arthritis, pericarditis or myocarditis may develop.

    • Causes and mechanism of development of catarrhal tonsillitis

    Sore throat is a bacterial disease caused by the following groups of pathogenic microorganisms:

    • streptococci - the main role in the development of sore throat is played by beta-hemolytic streptococcus, the disease caused by this microorganism occurs in most cases, sometimes other types of streptococci are the cause of the development of sore throat;
    • staphylococci;
    • pneumococci.

    Factors contributing to the development of the disease are hypothermia, the presence of a cold, weakened immunity due to vitamin deficiency or long-term illness.

    Mechanism and features of the development of pathology

    Catarrhal sore throat often develops against the background of colds, since body temperature 37.0-37.3 is the most optimal for the development and reproduction of pathogenic microflora to begin. The infection spreads by airborne droplets, and settling on the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract (most often on the tonsils), microorganisms activate the functioning of the immune cells of these organs.

    Activation of immune cells causes an increase in the synthesis of biologically active substances that stimulate vasodilation, which causes hyperemia (redness) and swelling of tissues, as well as painful sensations when swallowing. The decay products of pathogenic microflora and biologically active substances enter the bloodstream, causing intoxication of the body and associated symptoms.

    The main feature of the occurrence of this disease is that in most cases, catarrhal tonsillitis develops in the presence of a fairly strong immune response, which does not allow the formation of purulent discharge.

    Clinical manifestations of the disease

    The incubation period of the pathology (the time from infection to the appearance of the first clinical signs) ranges from 2-4 hours to 4 days - on average 1-2 days. The disease begins acutely with the appearance of dryness, soreness and mild pain in the throat; at first, swallowing is not difficult.

    As the pathology progresses, the following symptoms of catarrhal tonsillitis develop:

    1. Common clinical manifestations:
      • an increase in body temperature to 38.5 and above, the temperature is practically not reduced by taking antipyretic drugs or is stopped for a while and then rises again;
      • headaches and muscle pain;
      • weakness and feeling of weakness;
      • development of apathy and drowsiness.
    2. 2. Local (local) manifestations:
      • hyperemia and swelling of the posterior wall of the pharynx and tonsils;
      • formation of mucous plaque; with catarrhal tonsillitis, there is no whitish plaque or purulent discharge;
      • difficulty swallowing;
      • sharp pain in the throat;
      • enlargement of regional (in this case submandibular) lymph nodes.

    Usually the disease develops on both sides and does not spread beyond the palatine arches (not complicated by pharyngitis). Symptoms increase over 2-3 days and then subside. With proper treatment (antibiotics are required when diagnosing the disease), catarrhal tonsillitis goes away without leaving any consequences.

    Diagnosis and treatment of the disease

    The diagnosis is made based on a survey and external examination of the patient. To confirm it, you will need to take a general blood and urine test, and to exclude other diseases, a swab from the throat.

    In order for the treatment to be quick and successful, the doctor may prescribe a study of the sensitivity of the microflora to antibacterial drugs (some antibiotics do not act on microorganisms that are resistant to them). The study can be laboratory or carried out using a special test.

    Methods of treating the disease

    Treatment of catarrhal tonsillitis is carried out on an outpatient basis (at home).

    In order to ensure the fastest recovery, you need to:

    • provide the patient with physical and psychological rest;
    • ventilate the room in which the patient is located (he must be absent during ventilation) at least twice a day;
    • carry out wet cleaning daily;
    • humidify the air in the room;
    • change underwear during a fever;
    • follow a dairy-vegetable diet (it is advisable to give the patient pureed dishes).

    Therapy for this disease includes two directions - antibacterial (antibiotics) and local treatment.

    The use of antibiotics for sore throat

    Antibiotic therapy for catarrhal tonsillitis should be selected by a doctor, based on the clinical picture of the disease and the individual characteristics of the body. It should be noted that some people have an allergic reaction to a certain series of antibiotics; for them, drugs are selected after allergy tests.

    For catarrhal sore throat, the following are most often prescribed:

    • penicillin drugs - penicillin, bicillin, flemoxin, amoxicillin.
    • broad-spectrum antibiotics - ceftriaxone, cephalexin, azithromycin, cefazolin, amoxiclav.

    Local treatment of sore throat

    For local therapy the following are used:

    1. Gargling with antiseptic solutions - chlorhexidine, chlorophyllipt, dioxidin, furatsilin.
    2. Rinsing with decoctions of medicinal plants - a decoction of chamomile or calendula flowers is most suitable for relieving the inflammatory process.
    3. The use of local anti-inflammatory drugs - to relieve pain and inflammation in the throat, use lozenges (Dr. Mom, Rinza, Septolete), tablets (Trachisan, Amoxiclav), sprays (Cameton, Ingalipt, Lugol).

    Features of the course and treatment of catarrhal tonsillitis in children

    Catarrhal tonsillitis in children has more pronounced clinical manifestations; it can be accompanied by a high, sharp rise in body temperature, causing the development of seizures. A whitish, easily removable film appears on the tongue, leaving no inflamed surface.

    In children of preschool and primary school age, catarrhal tonsillitis in some cases occurs without an increase in body temperature, which makes its symptoms similar to a common cold. In this case, the lack of adequate treatment can lead to the development of complications.

    When a diagnosis of catarrhal tonsillitis is made in children attending children's groups, you can be sure that the child became infected in class or kindergarten. When treating this pathology, bed rest is necessary; the choice of drugs should be entrusted to the doctor. Among home remedies, it is possible to use decoctions of medicinal plants for gargling, which should be used after consultation with a specialist.

    Features of the course and treatment of catarrhal tonsillitis during pregnancy

    As a result of decreased immunity during pregnancy, a woman becomes overly susceptible to airborne diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The occurrence of catarrhal tonsillitis at any stage of pregnancy is dangerous with the risk of complications.

    Treatment of a pregnant woman must be treated with special care; it is not advisable to take antibiotics during this period (they can have a negative effect on the development of the fetus). The question of prescribing antibacterial therapy is decided by the doctor if the health of the expectant mother is at risk and only if the benefit to the woman outweighs the risk to the unborn child.

    Prevention of the development of catarrhal tonsillitis is a nutritious diet, an active lifestyle and prevention of hypothermia in the autumn-winter period. When the first clinical manifestations of the disease appear, you must visit or call a doctor at home.

    Source: http://moylor.ru/gorlo/angina/kataralnaya/

    Catarrhal sore throat

    Catarrhal tonsillitis is an acute inflammation of the tonsils or catarrhal acute tonsillitis, as this disease is called according to the modern international classification of diseases ICD 10.

    Occurs at the age of reaching the age. More often this disease affects children. Catarrhal tonsillitis is seasonal and is associated with outbreaks of cold viral diseases - influenza, ARVI, runny nose.

    The disease occurs when the microflora of the pharynx is activated, caused by a decrease in the body’s own defenses.

    Catarrhal tonsillitis is contagious, transmitted from a sick person by talking with droplets of saliva, or by contact through household items. Inflammatory processes in catarrhal tonsillitis easily spread to the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract.

    Changes in catarrhal tonsillitis

    The name of this disease comes from the word “catarrh” (from Latin cattarus - runny nose), meaning a form of inflammation of the mucous membrane, accompanied by the formation of liquid discharge. The inflammatory process is localized on the palatine tonsils and is bilateral in nature.

    With catarrhal tonsillitis, the tonsils and palatine arches are red, enlarged, and partially covered with a film of mucous exudate. The film is thin and can be easily removed without leaving ulcerations on the surface of the tonsils.

    Another name for catarrhal tonsillitis is erythematous, which characterizes diffuse redness of the mucous membranes of the tonsils and arches, comes from the Greek. erythema - redness.

    Unlike acute pharyngitis, with catarrhal tonsillitis the posterior wall of the pharynx and the soft palate are not changed; this sign has diagnostic value.

    Palpation of the submandibular region reveals slightly enlarged, painful lymph nodes. The tongue is covered with a white coating and is dry.

    Catarrhal tonsillitis, although considered one of the relatively mild forms of acute tonsillitis, if left untreated, can develop into more severe forms and cause complications.

    Causes of catarrhal tonsillitis

    Catarrhal tonsillitis is caused predominantly by an adenoviral infection. The introduction of adenovirus activates the tonsils' own microflora. A viral infection is accompanied by a bacterial, most often streptococcal infection.

    Initially, the inflammation is localized in the palatine tonsils, then spreads to all other components of the lymphatic pharyngeal ring.

    The pharyngeal ring, in addition to the palatine tonsils, includes:

    • paired tonsils located in the oral cavity near the mouths of the auditory tubes;
    • nasopharyngeal tonsil – adenoids;
    • lingual tonsil;
    • lateral ridges of the posterior pharyngeal wall.

    The pathological process spreads from the palatine tonsils to the unpaired nasopharyngeal tonsil, causing inflammation of the adenoids.

    The first signs of catarrhal tonsillitis

    The onset of the disease is violent. A rapid rise in temperature is accompanied by severe chills, increasing weakness, and malaise. The temperature reaches high values ​​of 38 o C and above, but may remain within subfebrile values ​​(37 o C...37.5 o C).

    Catarrhal tonsillitis is especially severe in young children. At a young age, the onset of sore throat may be accompanied by convulsions, symptoms of meningism, expressed by dizziness, vomiting, and headache.

    Symptoms

    The average duration of catarrhal tonsillitis in adults is 7 days. The temperature usually reaches its highest values ​​in the first days of illness, and then gradually returns to normal.

    Signs of inflammation of the tonsils are also most pronounced in the first days of the disease and gradually normalize over the course of a week.

    Characteristic symptoms of catarrhal sore throat are:

    • bilateral pain in the throat, sharply increasing when swallowing;
    • sore, dry, constant throat irritation;
    • headache;
    • enlarged, painful submandibular lymph nodes;
    • malaise;
    • joint pain;
    • tachycardia – frequent contraction of the heart;
    • frequent shallow breathing.

    Symptoms usually disappear by 5-7 days, signs of inflammation are observed for up to 2 weeks in the area of ​​the palatine arches. Sometimes, after catarrhal tonsillitis, low-grade fever persists for a long time.

    Catarrhal sore throat in children

    Children usually get sick with a high fever. It can last up to 7 days, which indicates the possibility of serious complications, including sepsis. Frequent chills and convulsions in a child at the onset of catarrhal tonsillitis also mean an unfavorable course of the disease.

    The phenomena of meningism can be aggravated by the addition of Kernig's syndrome. The syndrome manifests itself in the inability to fully straighten the leg at the knee after first bending it at the knee and hip joint at an angle of 90 degrees.

    Children more often than adults experience complications after catarrhal tonsillitis, and the phenomena of intoxication of the body are more pronounced. The disease can develop into follicular, lacunar tonsillitis.

    A dangerous complication in children under 3 years of age is false croup, accompanied by spasm of the larynx. Before the advent of antibiotics, false croup was often the cause of death in children.

    Modern methods of therapy completely exclude such a course of the disease, but the signs of incipient laryngeal spasm need to be known in order to provide help.

    Symptoms of false croup in children with an unfavorable course of catarrhal tonsillitis usually appear at the onset of the disease. The child does not have enough air, he breathes frequently, the skin acquires a bluish tint, the lips turn blue, and salivation increases.

    If there are signs of false croup, immediately call an ambulance without wasting a minute.

    Diagnostics

    Diagnostic tests include:

    • pharyngoscopy;
    • bacterial culture of a smear taken from the surface of the tonsil;
    • rapid diagnostics for streptococcus A;
    • microbiological tests to detect non-streptococcal forms of acute tonsillitis (tonsillitis);
    • blood analysis.

    With catarrhal tonsillitis, changes in the blood formula are insignificant, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is mm/h.

    Treatment

    Therapeutic measures are aimed at eliminating inflammatory phenomena and preventing possible complications.

    Treatment is carried out at home, hospitalizing the patient in cases of severe disease or signs of sepsis.

    The patient should be in a separate room with good ventilation, use personal household items, observe personal hygiene and precautions so as not to infect others.

    Drinking plenty of fluids is beneficial - tea, fruit juice, Borjomi. A dairy-vegetable diet and additional vitamin intake are recommended.

    Antibiotics for the treatment of catarrhal tonsillitis

    The basis of treatment for catarrhal tonsillitis is antibacterial drugs. Beta-hemolytic streptococcus, most often found in catarrhal tonsillitis, is highly sensitive to penicillin antibiotics.

    At home, the antibiotic is prescribed in tablets, the course of treatment is at least 10 days. Acute tonsillitis responds well to treatment with amoxicillin. The amoxicillin analogue Flemoxin Solutab is usually prescribed - a drug that can be used both for children and during pregnancy.

    If you are allergic to penicillins, macrolides or cephalosporins are prescribed - antibiotics mainly of the latest generations. Macrolides include azithromycin, spiramycin, roxithromycin, and midecamycin.

    Among the cephalosporin antibiotics, cefuroxime is prescribed, as well as cephalexin, which belongs to the first generation, but is effective for angina. In severe cases of the disease, carbapenems are prescribed - broad-spectrum antibiotics. The drug of choice for acute tonsillitis is meropenem, which is administered intravenously or intramuscularly.

    The course of treatment with antibiotics is 10 days, with the exception of treatment with azithromycin, the course of treatment of which is 5 days.

    Antihistamines

    Among antihistamines, preference is given to drugs of the latest generation that do not cause drowsiness during the day. In parallel with antibiotic treatment, loratidine, chloropyramine, hifenadine, clemastine, fexofenadine are prescribed.

    Local treatment

    The direct effect of medicinal substances on the inflamed tonsils (tonsils) minimizes or completely eliminates side effects when taken orally or by injection.

    Local treatment of catarrhal tonsillitis is of particular importance in young children and during pregnancy. Instead of taking antibiotics orally for mild forms of the disease, you can limit yourself to inhaling the aerosol Bioparox.

    Bioparox aerosol contains a broad-spectrum antibiotic, fusafungin, which can suppress the activity of bacterial and fungal microflora.

    Among antiseptics and painkillers, Strepsils Plus spray and Stopangin are used locally. To strengthen the immune system and reduce inflammation, the herbal preparation Tonsilgon in drops is prescribed.

    For catarrhal sore throat, gargling with a solution of miramistin, nitrofural, and decoctions of chamomile and sage has an analgesic, decongestant, and anti-inflammatory effect.

    Complications

    After recovery, it is necessary to undergo a control examination for bacterial carriage. For a long time, a person who has had a sore throat can be a carrier of the bacteria and infect others.

    Complications of catarrhal tonsillitis can include nephritis, heart disease, diseases of the joints, and connective tissue. In children, in addition to false croup, inflammation of the adenoids may occur.

    Forecast

    With an uncomplicated course, the prognosis for catarrhal tonsillitis is favorable.

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    Treatment of catarrhal tonsillitis at home

    Catarrhal tonsillitis (acute tonsillitis) is an infectious disease during which the palatine tonsils become inflamed. Basically, antibiotics are the key to a quick recovery; treatment is performed at home. Catarrhal tonsillitis is the mildest form, but you should not ignore the disease, as it can provoke more serious complications.

    Acute symptoms - onset of the disease

    Catarrhal tonsillitis in adults is characterized by rapid development; the incubation period can last from several hours to 4 days. The patient experiences the following symptoms that can be recognized at home:

    1. Weakness;
    2. Sore throat;
    3. Redness of the palatine tonsils;
    4. Increased body temperature, but there are episodes without fever sore throat;
    5. Chills;
    6. The submandibular lymph nodes are enlarged;
    7. Headache;
    8. Aches in the joints.

    Delayed treatment leads to the development of complications

    Catarrhal tonsillitis itself manifests itself in a mild form, but this does not mean that you need to be negligent in treatment. The following serious consequences are possible:

    • Retropharyngeal abscess. Treatment that requires surgery;
    • Tracheobronchial, laryngeal formations. Usually occurs in children;
    • Croup Acute laryngitis, accompanied by laryngeal stenosis and hoarseness in the voice;
    • Rarely - nephritis in adults;
    • If antibiotics are not taken during treatment, the consequences may be: rheumatoid arthritis, myocarditis, pericarditis and others.

    Diagnosis and treatment of the disease at home

    Diagnosis begins with a survey, the patient will tell you what symptoms of catarrhal tonsillitis he has. This will be followed by a physical examination of the patient; if necessary, the doctor will conduct a rapid test or culture to determine the causative agent of the infection. Based on the results of tests and examination, the doctor will make a final diagnosis and select effective treatment. Many patients are interested in how to treat catarrhal tonsillitis? Usually the doctor prescribes a comprehensive treatment, which is carried out at home, but in some cases antibiotics are necessary. You should also strictly adhere to the doctor’s instructions:

    1. Bed rest for 2–3 days;
    2. Isolate the patient from contact with healthy family members;
    3. Warm, plenty of drink. During fever, moisture evaporates from the body, so you need to drink a lot of fluid during treatment to replenish the loss. This could be teas, juices or herbal infusions, everything except carbonated drinks;
    4. Treatment of catarrhal tonsillitis requires proper fortified nutrition;
    5. It is recommended to take drugs that enhance immunity during treatment, as well as for preventive purposes;
    6. If the body temperature rises with catarrhal tonsillitis, then you need to use antipyretics (Paracetamol, Ibuprofen);
    7. It is mandatory to gargle with antiseptic agents, such as saline, iodine and manganese solutions, and hydrogen peroxide. When catarrhal sore throat has entered the recovery stage, you can use medicinal herbs for rinsing: chamomile, oak bark, calendula, sage;
    8. Antihistamines will relieve swelling of the mucous membrane (Suprastin, Diazolin);
    9. Use sprays for local irrigation, they will relieve pain and inflammation in the pharynx (Hexoral, Ingalipt);
    10. For catarrhal tonsillitis, antibiotics are prescribed based on test results (Amoxiclav, Erythromecin). If for any reason the use of antibiotics is not possible, then more attention needs to be paid to local treatment.

    Procedures for restoring the body

    During the treatment of catarrhal tonsillitis with high body temperature, you should not use warming or alcohol compresses. Since they contribute to an increase in blood flow, an increase in the inflammatory process, as a result of which a peritonsillar abscess is possible. If the temperature normalizes, to enhance the effectiveness of treatment of catarrhal tonsillitis, you can put compresses on the throat, excluding the area of ​​the thyroid gland. To do this, apply a cloth with ingredients to the skin, put polyethylene on top, and wrap everything with a warm scarf. For adults, this procedure is done at home several times a day for 2–3 hours. Compresses are:

    • Alcohol;
    • From boiled potatoes;
    • From raw potatoes;
    • Cabbage leaf with honey.

    Gargling is a very effective procedure and an excellent addition to drug treatment.

    To prepare the product at home you need:

    1. Take 200 ml of warm boiled water, dissolve 1 tsp. honey and 1 tsp. apple cider vinegar. Rinse your throat 6 times a day;
    2. Add 1 tsp to a glass of water. soda, 0.5 tsp. salt, 3 drops of iodine. Rinse every 3 hours, repeat the procedure for 3 days;
    3. A mixture of water and soda is also considered an effective solution;
    4. Squeeze the juice from the beets, add 1 tbsp. l. vinegar diluted with boiled water. Rinse the throat 5–7 times a day;
    5. It is recommended to chew propolis;
    6. Ginger tea with lemon will ideally disinfect the throat and also relieve pain.

    If there is no elevated body temperature, the patient does not suffer from cancer or hypertension, then it is allowed to do inhalations in a simple way or with a nebulizer. Auxiliary treatment of catarrhal sore throat in this way will help to quickly cope with the disease; it has an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. For inhalation at home use:

    • Medicines (chlorhexedine, chlorophyllipt, soda);
    • Essential oils;
    • Herbal infusions (calendula, chamomile, oregano, eucalyptus);
    • Boiled potatoes with soda and iodine have an antimicrobial effect.

    Before using the procedure, you should consult a doctor who will determine the course of treatment and recommend medications for treatment.

    Typically, the duration of therapy lasts about 7 days, 1–2 inhalations per day.

    Catarrhal tonsillitis itself will not cause severe harm to the patient, but treatment must be carried out strictly under the supervision of a doctor in order to avoid unpleasant consequences.

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    Catarrhal sore throat

    Catarrhal tonsillitis is a clinical form of acute tonsillitis caused by a bacterial or viral infection of the upper respiratory tract and characterized by local inflammation of the lymphoid tissues of the tonsils. The main symptoms are a sore throat and moderate pain when swallowing, low-grade fever, a feeling of weakness, fatigue, and decreased performance. Pharyngoscopy reveals hyperemic and swollen tonsils, as well as the palatine arches. Regional lymph nodes are often enlarged and painful on palpation; a blood test may show slight leukocytosis and an increase in ESR. Treatment – ​​exclusion of physical activity, antibiotic therapy, gargling, physiotherapy.

    Catarrhal sore throat

    Catarrhal tonsillitis is the mildest form of the primary inflammatory process affecting the lymphoid ring of the pharynx. If the course of the disease is favorable, the changes stop at the catarrhal stage, and recovery occurs in 5-7 days. With a decrease in immunity and untimely initiation of antibiotic therapy, purulent inflammation develops with damage to the follicles or lacunae. It is necessary to distinguish between primary tonsillitis, manifested by catarrhal changes, and secondary pathology during acute infections (measles, scarlet fever, herpes, mononucleosis, etc.). Outbreaks of the disease occur in the autumn-winter period, more often in children and older adults.

    Causes of catarrhal tonsillitis

    The main causative factor causing the development of pathological changes in the tonsils is a bacterial or viral infection.

    • Bacterial pathogens. More often they are represented by beta-hemolytic streptococcus of group A and other types of streptococci, staphylococci, less often - influenza bacillus, Moraxella catarrhalis, meningococci and pneumococci.
    • Viral infection. In children under five years of age, adenoviruses and enteroviruses predominate during the epidemic period. In adolescents and adults, sore throat can develop due to the penetration of influenza and parainfluenza viruses, herpes viruses.

    The main route of transmission of infection is airborne droplets, although infection can also occur through household means when using objects that contain infectious agents. Acute tonsillitis often develops against the background of decreased immune defense, hypothermia, and chronic diseases of the nasopharynx.

    Symptoms of catarrhal tonsillitis

    Characteristic is the acute onset of the disease with a predominance of local manifestations: dryness and soreness in the throat, discomfort when swallowing. The feeling of weakness, lethargy is disturbing, and there is an increase in temperature to 37-38°C. When examining the pharynx, isolated redness of the tonsils is revealed in the absence of purulent contents. When palpating the maxillary lymph nodes, their enlargement and pain are noted.

    Timely detection of catarrhal tonsillitis allows you to begin etiotropic therapy at the very beginning of the disease and prevent the transition to the following clinical forms: follicular and lacunar. If the course is favorable, the symptoms disappear within 3-5 days. Late visit to the doctor and refusal of treatment often leads to the development of complications. This includes the formation of chronic tonsillitis and damage to distant organs with the development of myocarditis and endocarditis, polyarthritis, and glomerulonephritis.

    Diagnostics

    The clinical picture of catarrhal sore throat is similar to many other throat diseases and infectious diseases, and therefore requires a thorough diagnosis with the participation of medical specialists of various profiles: pediatrician and therapist, otolaryngologist and infectious disease specialist.

    • Physical examination. Pharyngoscopy can detect the presence of diffuse hyperemia of the palatine tonsils and the edges of the arches, their swelling and increase in size. In this case, there is no purulent content in the lacunae and on the surface, and there are no accompanying signs of inflammation of the posterior pharyngeal wall. In some cases, hypertrophy and tenderness of regional lymph nodes can be detected.
    • Laboratory research. To identify the etiological agent, bacteriological or virological tests of a throat smear are prescribed. The activity of inflammation is determined by performing a general clinical blood test (increased ESR and the number of leukocytes), signs of kidney damage are determined by the presence of changes in urine analysis (the appearance of protein and red blood cells, an increase in the number of leukocytes). The development of rheumatic carditis and polyarthritis can be detected by analyzing biochemical blood parameters (increased CRP, RF, ASL-O).

    Differential diagnosis is carried out with other diseases of the throat and nose (rhinopharyngitis, sinusitis, adenoids), acute respiratory infections and influenza, secondary lesions of the tonsils in diphtheria, scarlet fever, mononucleosis. In this case, the symptom of tonsillitis is only one of the manifestations of infection, along with which there are signs of damage to the nasal passages and pharyngeal wall, bronchi and lungs, digestive tract and skin, and blood system.

    Treatment of catarrhal tonsillitis

    The main goal of treatment is the elimination of the causative agent of infection, the rapid elimination of inflammatory activity, and the prevention of complications. For bacterial etiology, penicillin antibiotics, macrolides or cephalosporins are prescribed; for viral tonsillitis, antiviral agents are prescribed. The prescription of medications with anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and restorative effects, and vitamins is indicated. Local treatment has become widespread using antiseptics for gargling, as well as symptomatic remedies in the form of aerosols and lozenges that eliminate or reduce unpleasant symptoms.

    Treatment of tonsillitis with catarrhal changes is usually carried out at home, with bed rest in the first days of the disease and maximum limitation of physical activity. The average duration of the disease is 4-6 days. The addition of complications requires continued treatment in the otolaryngology department with the inclusion of glucocorticosteroid hormones, medications that support the function of the heart, respiration, kidneys, and central nervous system. With the development of purulent-inflammatory processes in the surrounding tissue, surgical intervention with opening of the peritonsillar abscess is indicated.

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