Sodium chloride drug

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Sodium chloride - characteristics, properties, instructions for use, side effects, interactions with other drugs

Compound

1. Isotonic (physiological) 0.9% solution containing sodium chloride – 9 g, distilled water – up to 1 liter.

Table of contents:

2. Hypertonic 10% solution containing sodium chloride - 100 g, distilled water - up to 1 liter.

Release form

  • To dissolve medicinal substances for intramuscular and subcutaneous injections, a 0.9% sodium chloride solution is produced in ampoules of 5, 10, 20 ml.
  • For dissolving medications, intravenous drips, enemas and external use: 0.9% sodium chloride solution in bottles of 100, 200, 400 and 1000 ml.
  • For intravenous injection and external use: 10% sodium chloride solution in bottles of 200 and 400 ml.
  • For oral (inside) administration: tablets 0.9 g. To use, the tablet must be dissolved in 100 ml of boiled warm water.
  • For treating the nasal cavity: nasal spray – 10 ml.

pharmachologic effect

Indications for use

  • Restoring water balance in case of body dehydration caused by various reasons.
  • Maintaining plasma volume during surgery and after.
  • Detoxification of the body (food poisoning, dysentery, cholera, etc.).
  • Maintaining plasma volume in case of extensive burns, diarrhea, blood loss, diabetic coma.
  • Eye rinsing for inflammatory and allergic irritations of the cornea.
  • Rinsing the nasal mucosa for allergic rhinitis, nasopharyngitis, prevention of sinusitis, acute respiratory infections, after removal of polyps and adenoids.
  • Inhalation of the respiratory tract (using special devices - inhalers).

It is used to treat wounds, moisturize bandages and fabric dressings. The neutral environment of saline is well suited for dissolving drugs and co-infusion with other drugs.

1. Deficiency of the elements sodium and chlorine.

2. Dehydration due to various reasons: pulmonary, gastric and intestinal bleeding, burns, vomiting, diarrhea.

Sodium chloride - instructions for use

With long-term use of large doses of sodium chloride, it is necessary to analyze the content of electrolytes in plasma and urine.

Sodium chloride 10 - instructions for use

Sodium chloride 9 - instructions for use

Contraindications

  • increased content of sodium ions in the body;
  • increased content of chlorine ions in the body;
  • lack of potassium;
  • circulatory fluid disorders, with the possibility of cerebral and pulmonary edema;
  • cerebral edema, pulmonary edema;
  • acute heart failure;
  • intracellular dehydration;
  • extracellular excess fluid;
  • treatment with significant doses of corticosteroids.

Used with great caution in patients with changes in renal excretory function, as well as in children and the elderly.

Side effects

  • discomfort in the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhea;
  • disorders of the nervous system: lacrimation, constant thirst, anxiety, sweating, dizziness, headache, weakness;
  • arterial hypertension, rapid heartbeat and pulse;
  • dermatitis;
  • menstrual irregularities;
  • anemia;
  • excess fluid content in the body or its parts (edema), which indicates a pathological shift in water-salt metabolism;
  • acidosis – a shift in the body’s acid-base balance towards increased acidity;
  • hypokalemia – a decrease in potassium content in the body’s blood.

If side effects occur, the drug should be stopped. It is necessary to assess the patient’s well-being, provide adequate assistance and save the bottle with the remaining solution for analysis.

Sodium chloride during pregnancy

1. Preeclampsia (increased concentration of sodium in the blood plasma) with severe swelling.

2. Moderate and severe stages of toxicosis.

Interaction with other drugs

Synonymous drugs for sodium chloride

  • Sodium chloride 0.9% for intravenous infusion - sterile solution in bottles.
  • Sodium chloride 1.6% for intravenous infusion.
  • Sodium chloride 12% for intravenous infusion.
  • Sodium chloride Brown (Germany) - powder for the preparation of solution for injection, solution for infusion, solution for injection, solvent for the preparation of dosage forms for injection, nasal spray.
  • Sodium chloride bufus – powder for the preparation of solution for injection, solution for infusion, solution for injection, solvent for the preparation of dosage forms for injection, nasal spray.
  • Sodium chloride-Cinco – isotonic solution for infusion, hypertonic solution, eye drops and eye ointment.
  • Sodium chloride – 0.9% solution for infusion (Bulgaria).
  • Salorid – 0.9% solution for infusion (Bangladesh).
  • Rizosin – 0.65% nasal spray with and without menthol.
  • Salin – 0.65% nasal spray (India).
  • No-salt – 0.65% nasal spray.
  • Physiodose – 0.9% solution for topical use.

Additional Information

1. Remove container from outer packaging immediately before use. It protects and maintains the sterility of the drug.

2. Squeeze the container tightly and check for integrity. If damage is found, discard the container, as the solution in it is dangerous.

3. Check the solution visually: for transparency, absence of impurities and inclusions. If present, discard the container.

4. Hang the container on a tripod, remove the plastic fuse and unscrew the lid.

5. Add medications into the solution following aseptic rules. Move the clamp that regulates the movement of the solution to the “closed” position. Disinfect the area of ​​the injection container, make a puncture in it with a syringe and inject the drug. Mix well. Move the clamp to the “open” position.

Storage conditions and expiration dates

  • powder and tablets - without restrictions;
  • 0.9% solution in ampoules – 5 years;
  • 0.9% solution in bottles – 12 months;
  • 10% solution in bottles – 2 years.

Do not use after expiration date. Before using any drug containing sodium chloride, you should consult your doctor.

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Source: http://www.tiensmed.ru/news/natriahlorid-ec7.html

Sodium chloride

Instructions for use:

Latin name: Natrii chloridum

ATX code: B05XA03

Active ingredient: Sodium chloride

Manufacturer: Medpolymer, Sintez OJSC, Alium Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Company (Russia), Pharmland JV (Republic of Belarus)

Description valid as of: 10.25.17

Price in online pharmacies:

Sodium chloride is a plasma substitute. The active component of the drug is the substance of the same name, which, according to its external characteristics, is white crystals with a salty taste. These crystals dissolve easily in water.

Active substance

Sodium chloride.

Release form and composition

In medicine, sodium chloride is used, a solution for infusion.

Indications for use

In most cases, Sodium chloride 0.9% is used for heavy losses of extracellular fluid or for diseases that prevent the supply of this fluid, for dyspepsia, cholera, vomiting and diarrhea, and large burns.

Droppers are also effective for dehydration caused by hyponatremia or hypochloremia. Externally, the solution is used to wash the nose, eyes, wounds, moisturize bandages, etc. The solution is also effective for intestinal, gastric and pulmonary bleeding, constipation and poisoning. It is also used for forced diuresis. In some cases, sodium chloride is used for inhalation.

Contraindications

The use of various forms of the drug is contraindicated in the following cases:

  • with high sodium levels;
  • with extracellular hyperhydration;
  • with hypokalemia;
  • in case of blood circulation disorders, if there is a possibility of developing cerebral or pulmonary edema;
  • with renal failure;
  • with acute left ventricular failure;
  • for chronic heart failure.

Instructions for use Sodium chloride (method and dosage)

The solution for infusion is administered intravenously. Before administration, the drug is heated to a temperature of 36-38°C. The average daily dosage is 1000 ml. The rate of administration should be up to 180 drops per minute.

In case of severe intoxication or large loss of fluid, up to 3000 ml per day is acceptable.

For the treatment of children with shock dehydration, poml per kilogram of weight is prescribed.

The dosage regimen is adjusted depending on laboratory parameters (electrolytes Na+, K+, Cl-, acid-base state of the blood).

Side effects

In most cases, patients tolerate the drug well, but with prolonged use of the solution or when used in large doses, it can cause the following side effects: acidosis, overhydration and hypokalemia.

Overdose

Symptoms of drug overdose occur when large volumes of 0.9% sodium chloride are administered to patients with impaired renal excretory function. Symptoms of overdose: acidosis, hyperhydration, increased excretion of potassium from the body.

In case of overdose, the drug is discontinued and symptomatic therapy is carried out.

Analogs

Analogs by ATC code: Physiodose, Physiological solution "Physiologika".

Do not decide to change the drug on your own; consult your doctor.

pharmachologic effect

The drug has a rehydrating property, that is, it helps restore water balance in the body. It also has a detoxifying effect. Since the drug quickly replenishes sodium deficiency, it can be used in the treatment of various pathological conditions. Saline solution Sodium chloride 0.9% has the same osmotic pressure as human blood. Thanks to this, after using the dropper, the solution is quickly removed from the body, only for a certain period of time, increasing the volume of circulating blood.

External use of sodium chloride saline solution helps cleanse the wound of pus and pathological microflora. When using droppers, not only does the lack of sodium and chlorine in the body replenish, but also urine output increases.

special instructions

It is prohibited to inject the solution under the skin, as this may lead to the development of tissue necrosis.

The drug does not affect the ability to drive vehicles and other complex mechanisms.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding

Sodium chloride can be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

In childhood

The use of Sodium chloride is permissible in childhood, subject to the recommended dosage regimen.

In old age

For impaired renal function

The drug is prescribed with extreme caution to patients with impaired renal function.

Drug interactions

When using Sodium chloride, high dosages of glucocorticosteroids should not be used.

Sodium chloride is compatible with colloidal hemodynamic blood substitutes.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

Dispensed by prescription.

Storage conditions and periods

Sodium chloride should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 25°C. Freezing of the drug is allowed. The shelf life is 2 years.

Price in pharmacies

Price Sodium chloride for 1 package from 18 rubles.

The description posted on this page is a simplified version of the official version of the annotation for the drug. The information is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute a guide for self-medication. Before using the medicine, you must consult a specialist and read the instructions approved by the manufacturer.

Sodium chloride solvent 0.9% 5 ml 10 pcs.

Sodium chloride solution 0.9% 200 ml

Sodium chloride injection solution 0.9% 5 ml n10 amp

Sodium chloride solution 0.9% 250 ml

Sodium chloride solvent 0.9% 10 ml 10 pcs.

When using materials from the site, the active reference is obligatory.

The information presented on our website should not be used for self-diagnosis and treatment and cannot serve as a substitute for consultation with a doctor. We warn you about the presence of contraindications. Specialist consultation is required.

Source: http://dolgojit.net/natriia-chlorid.php

Sodium chloride: instructions for use

Sodium chloride is a drug intended for detoxification or rehydration.

Composition, release form

The medication is produced in the form of a clear, colorless solution. 1 liter of medicine contains 9 g of active compound in the form of sodium chloride.

Water for injection is used as additional compounds.

Pharmacological properties

The medication exhibits a rehydrating and detoxifying effect. The drug helps to compensate for the deficiency of the microelement sodium in various diseases and for some time increases the volume of circulating fluid.

The trace element sodium is of great importance in the process of transmitting various signals in nerve cells, takes part in electrophysiological reactions occurring in the heart, and also plays an important role in the metabolic process in the kidneys.

The drug is excreted from the body to a greater extent by the kidneys. A certain amount of the microelement is excreted through sweat and the intestines.

Indications for use

Sodium chloride droppers are prescribed for the following diseases:

  • Lack of trace element sodium;
  • Dissolving or diluting medications that need to be administered parenterally;
  • Extracellular isotonic dehydration.
  • Decreased concentration of the microelement potassium;
  • Excessive fluid content in the body;
  • Acidosis.
  • Use of large dosages of glucocorticosteroids;
  • Left ventricular failure in the acute stage;
  • Acidosis, extracellular hyperhydration;
  • The appearance of circulatory changes indicating the likelihood of developing pulmonary or cerebral edema;
  • swelling of the brain or lungs;
  • Hypernatremia, hyperchloremia, hypokalemia.

Dosage regimen

The medication is prescribed as intravenous drip injections. The dosage is determined by a specialist, taking into account the disease, fluid loss, body weight and age of the patient. In this case, it is necessary to monitor the amount of electrolytes in urine and plasma.

The dosage of the drug for adult patients is 500 ml three times a day.

The dosage of the drug for children is equal to ml per day per 1 kg of body weight.

The dosage that should be used when dissolving or diluting other medications is located in the interval ml per 1 dosage of the administered medication. The rate of administration and dosage is determined according to the recommendations for the use of the administered medication.

Overdose

If the drug is used in a dosage exceeding the therapeutic norm, the following symptoms may appear: increased blood pressure, fever, decreased tear and salivation, pain in the abdomen in the form of cramps, vomiting, tachycardia, sweating, thirst, diarrhea, nausea, pulmonary edema , headache, anxiety, weakness, dizziness, irritability.

In case of overdose, treatment is carried out aimed at suppressing unwanted symptoms.

Drug interactions

The medication combines well with most drugs. Due to this property, it is often used as a base solvent.

Lactation, pregnancy

The medicine is allowed to be prescribed to patients during lactation and pregnancy.

Side effects

The use of the medication may cause the following undesirable effects:

When using the drug as a base solvent for other drugs, the likelihood of developing undesirable manifestations is determined by the characteristics of these drugs. In such a situation, if side effects occur, it is necessary to stop the administration of the medication, assess the patient’s well-being, take the necessary measures and leave the medicine for testing, if necessary.

Contraindications

The medication should not be prescribed in the following situations:

The medication is prescribed with caution to patients suffering from arterial hypertension, peripheral edema, and chronic heart failure.

special instructions

Carrying out any injection with this drug requires monitoring the patient’s well-being, his biological and clinical indicators, special attention should be paid to assessing plasma electrolytes. In a child's body, due to the immaturity of the kidneys, sodium excretion may slow down. In this regard, for such patients, with repeated infusions, the procedure can begin after determining the amount of sodium.

The medicine is allowed to be used only if the packaging is intact and without any foreign matter. Containers should not be connected one at a time, as this may cause an air embolism due to the entry of air remaining in the first package.

The solution must be administered under sterile conditions while observing the basics of antiseptics. To prevent air from entering the infusion system, it must be filled with solution, and the remaining air must be completely released from the plastic packaging.

Other medications may be added during or before the infusion by injection into the area of ​​the package specifically designated for this procedure.

After one use, the packaging must be disposed of. Any unused dose should also be discarded.

You cannot reconnect incompletely used containers (regardless of how much medicine is left in it).

The effect of the medication on the ability to drive vehicles and operate complex machinery has not been described.

The average cost of the drug Sodium chloride in Moscow is 26 rubles.

Analogs

Analogs of the drug Sodium chloride in terms of pharmacological properties are: Physiological solution "Fiziologika", Physiodoza, Salin, Rizosin, Sodium chloride-Senderesis, Sodium chloride bufus, Sodium chloride Brown, Sodium chloride Bieffe, Aqua-Rinosol.

Terms and conditions of storage

The medication is stored at a temperature of no more than 25 degrees C in a place away from small children. The medicine is allowed to be used for 1.5 years for a volume of 50 ml, for 2 years for a volume of 100 ml and for 3 years for a volume of 500, 250 ml or 1 liter.

Source: http://bezboleznej.ru/natriya-chlorid

Medicine "Sodium chloride": instructions for use

The drug "Sodium Chloride" is widely used in medicine as a plasma replacement agent.

Pharmacological properties of "Sodium chloride"

The medication has a detoxifying and rehydrating effect and effectively restores water balance. In addition, the medicine allows you to replenish the lack of sodium in the body, which is required in the treatment of many pathologies. The drug is produced in the form of a solution, powder, and also a solvent for medications. There is another variety - nasal spray. The medication is quickly eliminated from the body, briefly increasing the amount of circulating blood (when performing IV drips). External use of the product allows you to remove pus from wounds and destroy pathological microflora. With intravenous infusion of the solution, urination increases, and the deficiency of sodium and chlorine is replenished.

Indications for use

The drug "Sodium chloride" is recommended for use in cases of large loss of extracellular fluid, as well as during conditions that limit its supply (major burns, vomiting, diarrhea caused by poisoning, dyspepsia, cholera). The solution is prescribed for hypochloremia, hyponatremia, which are accompanied by dehydration. The medication is also used for pulmonary, intestinal, and gastric bleeding, constipation, poisoning, and for forced diuresis. Externally, saline solution is used to wash wounds, nose, eyes, and to moisten dressings.

Contraindications and side effects

There are restrictions on the use of the drug. Do not prescribe the drug "Sodium chloride" for extracellular hyperhydration, hypokalemia, elevated sodium levels, blood circulation disorders, which can provoke the development of cerebral or pulmonary edema. You should not take saline solution if you have decompensated cardiac or acute left ventricular failure. The solution should not be used simultaneously with glucocorticosteroids. When using large dosages of the drug, it is necessary to control the amount of electrolytes in plasma and urine. It is forbidden to inject the medicine under the skin, as tissue necrosis may occur. With prolonged use of the medication or with excessive use, hypokalemia, acidosis, and overhydration may develop.

Medicine "Sodium chloride": instructions for use

Before using the solution, it must be heated to 36 degrees. In case of dehydration, the volume of medication is determined for each patient individually. In case of severe poisoning or large fluid losses, up to three liters of saline solution are administered drip-wise. For children with dehydration and symptoms of low blood pressure, the medicine is administered based on their weight (20 ml per kg). For gastric lavage in case of poisoning, a 5% solution is used, and enemas with medication are given to relieve constipation. Droppers with 10% saline solution are used for bleeding, as well as to enhance diuresis in a volume of 20 ml. To carry out complex therapy of respiratory diseases, baths, rubbing, and rinsing with a 2% solution are used.

Source: http://www.syl.ru/article/130430/lekarstvo-natriya-chlorid-instruktsiya-po-primeneniyu

Why is a Sodium Chloride drip prescribed?

Sodium chloride is a drug that has long been used in medicine. This saline solution is administered intravenously in the form of droppers and intramuscularly, used for inhalation, etc.

In medicine, sodium chloride is used:

  • For intravenous infusion as a sodium solution in the form of a dropper.
  • For diluting drugs for injection.
  • For disinfecting cuts and wounds.
  • For rinsing the nose.
Why droppers with sodium chloride are prescribed and for what conditions it is prescribed is described in detail below.

What it is?

  • There are many chemical bioactive compounds dissolved in human blood.
  • The concentration of chlorides in the blood plays a big role in the coordinated functioning of all internal systems.
  • Chlorides regulate the hydrobalance of plasma and body fluids, normalize acid-base metabolism.
  • When the body gets sick, the first thing it reacts to is dehydration.

With extensive dehydration, chlorine and potassium ions are washed out of the body. A decrease in their concentration causes blood thickening, spasms, convulsions of smooth muscles, as well as disruption of the central nervous system, heart and blood vessels.

In this case, a drip with saline sodium chloride solution is usually prescribed.

What does the dropper consist of?

The composition of the saline solution is sodium chloride - a plasma-substituting substance, which is prepared from sodium salts HCl (commonly known as table salt).

Sodium chloride (NaCl) is white crystals, readily soluble in water.

Chlorine in its pure form is poisonous, but is known as an effective disinfectant of various liquids. Chlorine combined with sodium is present in the blood plasma.

The substance enters the body with water and food.

Naturally, the use of sodium chloride in everyday life is limited primarily to cooking.

Therefore, if you drink sodium chloride solution, nothing will happen. There is no need to worry even if the child drank the solution due to the negligence of adults.

Properties of sodium chloride

Sodium chloride saline solution has a rehydrating effect - that is, restoring water balance.

Sodium chloride is effective for various pathologies.

0.9% sodium chloride has the same osmotic pressure as human blood, so it can be quickly excreted.

External use helps remove pus from the wound and eliminate pathological microflora.

The use of saline solution through intravenous drips increases urine output and replenishes the lack of chlorine and sodium.

Types of saline solution

Saline solution sodium chloride for droppers is currently available in 2 types, differing in the degree of concentration.

Isotonic physiological Nacl 0.9% solution Brown from a German manufacturer is prescribed for:

  • Restoration of intracellular plasma lost as a result of prolonged dyspepsia.
  • Replenishment of intercellular fluid lost as a result of dehydration.
  • Replenishment of ions during intoxication and intestinal obstruction.
  • As an external remedy.
  • For diluting concentrated drugs.

Hypertonic 3, 5 and 10% sodium chloride solution is used:

  • As an external antiseptic.
  • For diluting enema solutions.
  • Intravenous to replenish fluid during diuresis.
  • Infusion to relieve cerebral edema or to increase low blood pressure (particularly with internal bleeding).
  • As an anti-edematous agent in ophthalmology.

Sodium chloride solution is sold in ampoules for dissolving drugs for injection and in bottles with a capacity of up to 1 liter for external and enema use, intravenous infusion.

Oral tablets and nasal spray bottles are also produced.

Release form, composition and packaging

Solution for injection 0.9% ml, sodium chloride 900 mg

What is sodium chloride prescribed for?

Saline sodium chloride solution is perhaps the most universal remedy.

Droppers with sodium chloride are used in any complex therapy.

The drug is dripped intravenously for:

  • Rapid replenishment of blood volume.
  • Urgent restoration of the activity of internal organs in a state of shock.
  • Saturation of organs with vital ions.
  • Stopping the processes of intoxication and relieving symptoms of poisoning.

In these conditions, urgent use of sodium chloride in droppers is most often prescribed:

During pregnancy

Sodium chloride is used to treat severe pathologies in pregnant women.

The saline solution is absolutely harmless to both the woman’s body and the developing fetus.

Typically, sodium chlorine is needed during therapy for pregnant women to dilute medications for a single infusion of up to 400 ml.

If it is necessary to restore blood levels, the amount of saline is increased to 1400 ml.

Sodium chloride is also used for pregnant women:

  • In case of severe toxicosis, the saline solution is additionally saturated with vitamins.
  • With gestosis.
  • During detoxification.
  • In the process of complicated childbirth occurring at low blood pressure.
  • During cesarean section for women suffering from hypotension.
  • To saturate organs with chlorides and vitamins.

The use of saline solution after childbirth during lactation is allowed.

Sodium chloride solution also has contraindications during pregnancy. It should not be used by a pregnant woman:

  • With excessive hyperhydration.
  • With heart failure.
  • During treatment with corticosteroids.
  • With pathologies of intracellular fluid circulation.
  • With a diagnosed lack of potassium with a simultaneous excess of sodium and chlorine in the body.

to contents ↑

For alcohol intoxication

In case of severe poisoning with ethyl alcohol, a person requires qualified medical care, which includes therapeutic measures, as well as droppers with saline sodium chloride solution.

It is the droppers that relieve the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal.

Other drugs, such as tablets or suspensions, are usually ineffective, since they are difficult to take due to frequent vomiting.

And the medicine, poured into a vein through a dropper, enters the blood instantly and immediately begins to work.

NaCl combines well with many medications.

A saline solution of sodium chloride can be used to dilute several necessary medications at the same time: vitamins, sedatives, glucose, etc.

When diluting, it is imperative to check compatibility visually, paying attention to whether a precipitate has appeared during the mixing process or whether the color has changed.

Therapy for severe alcohol intoxication is carried out as follows:

  1. The doctor examines the patient, assessing the severity of his condition.
  2. Blood pressure and pulse are measured and an ECG is performed.
  3. The doctor prescribes medications that must be added to the saline solution for administration.
  4. Droppers are used for 3-4 days.

to contents ↑

How is saline solution administered?

Isotonic sodium chloride solution can be administered intravenously and subcutaneously.

For intravenous administration, the dropper is heated to several degrees.

The volume that should be administered depends on the amount of fluid lost by the body. The person’s weight and age must be taken into account:

  • The average daily dose is 500 ml, which must be administered at a rate of 540 ml/hour. In case of severe intoxication, the volume of administered medication per day can reach 3000 ml.
  • A volume of 500 ml in emergency cases can be administered at a rate of 70 drops per minute.

Sodium chloride is used in compliance with the principles of sterility.

To prevent air from entering the drip system, the system is first filled with solution.

You cannot stack containers one after the other, as air may get in from the first package.

Medications can be added during an infusion or by injection into the specific area of ​​the package intended for this procedure.

During the administration of sodium chloride, it is necessary to monitor the patient’s well-being, it is necessary to monitor his biological and clinical indicators, and devote time to assessing plasma electrolytes.

Side effects

The drug is well tolerated by patients, however, if it is infused in excess, the following side effects may develop:

Sodium chloride analogues

Manufacturers may market sodium chloride solution under different names.

The following analogues of saline solution can be found on sale:

  • Aqua-rinosol - spray.
  • Aqua-master - spray for irrigation.
  • Nazol - spray.
  • Bufus for injections.
  • Rizosin to moisturize the nasal mucosa.
  • Salin to moisturize the nasal passages.

Other isotonic preparations are also produced that have a more physiological composition than saline.

List of IV solutions containing sodium chloride:

  • Ringer.
  • Ringer-Locke.
  • Krebs-Ringer.
  • Ringer-Tirode.
  • Disol, Trisol, Acesol, Chlosol.
  • Sterofundin isotonic.

Source: http://bez-zavisimostey.com/preparaty/natriya-chlorid-kapelnitsa

Sodium chloride

Sodium chloride (formula NaCL) is a substance known to every person. We all use it as a seasoning for cooking and call it salt. But today we will talk about how sodium chloride solution is used in medicine, and the range of its use in this industry is quite wide.

In its pure form, NaCL is a transparent white crystal with a salty taste. They dissolve well in water and are ideal for preparing a solution. In medicine, a sodium chloride solution, depending on the concentration of the active ingredient, is either a saline solution (physiological or isotonic) or a hypertonic solution, with a NaCL content of 0.9% and 10%, respectively.

Compound

  1. Physiological (isotonic) 0.9% solution contains 9 grams of NaCL and distilled water up to 1 liter
  2. Hypertonic 10% solution is more concentrated - 100 grams of NaCL per liter of distilled water

Release form

Saline solution

  1. Sodium chloride for infusions, dissolution of medications, enemas and external use is available in bottles of 100, 200, 400 and 100 ml
  2. Saline solution for diluting drugs, which will subsequently be used for intramuscular and subcutaneous injections, is available in ampoules of 5, 10 and 20 ml
  3. There are also tablets for oral administration. One tablet contains 0.9 mg of the active substance, and before use it must be dissolved in 100 ml of warm boiled water

Hypertonic solution

  1. 10% sodium chloride for intravenous injection and external use is available in 200 and 400 ml bottles
  2. For treating the nasal cavity, the medicine is available in the form of a spray, usually 10 ml in volume (depending on the manufacturer)

pharmachologic effect

Pharmacodynamics

  1. The substance NaCL itself in the body is responsible for maintaining constant pressure in the plasma and extracellular fluid. Usually the required amount enters the body with food.
  2. However, sometimes various kinds of pathological conditions may occur (for example, diarrhea, vomiting, high-degree burns), which are characterized by a large loss of fluid and salts by the body, and as a result - a deficiency of sodium and chlorine ions
  3. The above leads to thickening of the blood, convulsions, spasms of smooth muscles, and the functions of the nervous system and circulatory system may be disrupted
  4. Why is sodium chloride given intravenously when dehydrated? Its timely use will quickly restore fluid deficiency and water-salt balance.
  5. In addition, the drug has a plasma-replacing and detoxification effect, which is why sodium chloride solution is used for infusion for minor blood loss
  6. As for the hypertonic solution, when administered intravenously, it quickly replenishes the deficiency of sodium and chloride ions and enhances diuresis. This allows the drug to be used as an emergency aid for dehydration. Sodium chloride 10% is especially often needed for children, in whom dehydration occurs very quickly and can have the most serious consequences, including death.

Pharmacokinetics

  1. A NaCl solution, when administered intravenously, is very quickly removed from the vascular bed; after an hour, less than half of this substance remains in the vessels. Because of this property, saline solution is ineffective in cases of large blood loss.
  2. So, the half-life is approximately one hour, after which sodium, chloride ions and water begin to be eliminated by the kidneys, increasing the overall production of urine

Indications

As we have already said, the use of sodium chloride in medicine is quite widespread. Let's see how solutions of this substance of different concentrations are used:

NaCL 0.9%

    1. Restores the water-salt balance of the body in case of dehydration that occurs for any reason
    2. Intravenous administration of sodium chloride maintains the necessary plasma balance both during and after surgery
  1. This drug is an ambulance for detoxifying the body (for food poisoning, dysentery and other intestinal infections)
  2. This is why a dropper with sodium chloride is also needed: due to its plasma-replacing properties, this drug is used to maintain plasma volume in cases of severe diarrhea, burns, diabetic coma, and blood loss
  3. For inflammatory and allergic irritations of the cornea, saline solution is used to wash the eyes
  4. Sodium chloride is used to rinse the nasal cavity for allergic rhinitis, rhinopharyngitis, for the prevention of sinusitis, after removal of adenoids or polyps, for acute respiratory diseases
  5. Also, sodium chloride, both in combination with other drugs and without excipients, is used for inhalation of the respiratory tract.
  6. For treating wounds, moistening bandages and gauze dressings
  7. The neutral environment of saline is ideal for dissolving other drugs in it and subsequent infusions and injections

NaCL 10%

    1. Hypertonic solution is used primarily for acute deficiency of sodium and chlorine in the body
    2. To quickly restore water-salt balance in case of dehydration caused by gastric, pulmonary, intestinal bleeding, burns, severe vomiting and diarrhea
    3. The drug is an ambulance for poisoning due to silver nitrate
    4. Used to rinse the nasal cavity for sinusitis
  • Used externally to treat wounds
  • As an osmotic remedy for constipation - through an enema
  • As an aid to quickly increase the total volume of urine

Contraindications

Physiological (isotonic) solution

  1. Increased content of sodium or chlorine ions in the body
  2. Potassium deficiency
  3. Impaired fluid circulation, and, as a result, a tendency to pulmonary or cerebral edema
  4. Directly, cerebral edema or pulmonary edema
  5. Acute heart failure
  6. Intracellular dehydration
  7. Excess fluid in the extracellular space
  8. Taking corticosteroids
  9. Disorders and changes in renal excretory function
  10. With caution in children and the elderly

Hypertonic solution

Important! The use of the drug for subcutaneous and intramuscular injections is prohibited (this can lead to tissue necrosis)

Otherwise, all the contraindications listed for saline are relevant for hypertonic solution

Side effects

    1. When administered intravenously, local reactions are possible (burning sensation and hyperemia)
  1. Long-term use may result in symptoms of body intoxication.
  2. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps
  3. Nervous system disorders: dizziness, headache, weakness, sweating, anxiety, lacrimation, severe persistent thirst
  4. Increased heart rate and pulse, increased blood pressure
  5. Dermatitis
  6. Anemia
  7. Menstrual irregularities in women
  8. Edema (this may indicate a chronic imbalance of water-salt balance)
  9. Increased acidity
  10. Decreased potassium levels in the blood

Instructions for use

Instructions for using sodium chloride look like this:

  • Saline solution is administered to the patient both intravenously and subcutaneously, but most often - intravenously.
  • Before administration, the drug is warmed to body temperature.
  • The volume of medication is calculated based on the patient’s condition, as well as the amount of fluid he has lost; body weight and age are also taken into account
  • The average daily dose of the solution is 500 ml. This amount completely covers the body’s daily need for the substance. However, in case of severe intoxication and a high degree of dehydration, the volume of administered saline solution can be increased to 3000 ml
  • The average rate of drug administration is 540 ml per hour
  • Again, in case of urgent need, the rate of administration increases to 70 drops per minute
  • For children, the dosage is calculated based on age and body weight, and ranges, on average, from 20 to 100 ml. With long-term use, urine and plasma analysis is required for electrolyte content.
  • If the solution is used as an adjuvant for other medications when preparing a dropper, its volume varies from 50 to 250 ml
  • The hypertonic solution is administered only intravenously, in a stream (very slowly), volume - from 10 to 30 ml
  • When immediate replenishment of sodium and chlorine ions is required, a 100 ml dropper is used
  • Enemas with a hypertonic solution are used not only for constipation, they help with intracranial pressure, cardiac and renal edema, hypertension, inflammation and erosion of the colon
  • Compresses with a hypertonic solution are used to treat purulent wounds, abscesses, boils
  • Hypertonic and isotonic solutions are used to treat the nasal cavity in order to clear it of mucus or pus. For this, the drug is available in the form of a spray, but you can use a regular pipette, instilling 2 drops into each nostril for adults, and one drop for children
  • For the treatment of colds and diseases of the upper respiratory tract, inhalations with saline solution are very effective.

Already in itself, it is an excellent remedy for facilitating the discharge of sputum. In difficult cases, additional medications are added to the solution (Lazolvan, Ambroxol, Hydelix). To relieve the symptoms of bronchial asthma, bronchial dilators (for example, Berodual) are added to the saline solution.

During pregnancy

Why is sodium chloride administered intravenously during pregnancy? There are two indications for this treatment:

  • Too much sodium concentration in the blood plasma, a condition that leads to severe swelling
  • Medium and severe stage of toxicosis

In addition, saline solution is often used as a “placebo”, because a woman expecting a baby is subject to quite strong emotional stress.

Sodium chloride is a drug that solves many medical problems; its scope of application is very wide. That is why it takes its very important place among pharmaceuticals.

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Source: http://vnarkoze.ru/natriya-chlorid.html

Sodium chloride

sodium stabilizer glutamate

the medicine I'm interested in, there is no specific answer

received. We have to ask you, taking your time:

Does it need to be diluted with saline? solution (0.9% sodium chloride) or

is it possible in its pure form?

The annotation says: ""enter slowly." What does it mean

""slowly""? Drip or stream.

If jet, then at what speed?

This was told to me by one doctor who is involved in "removing" binge drinking.

home”, which is the fastest way to relieve a hangover and restore

liver activity - intravenous injections »» Essentiale N 250

mg" (since the concentration is low) with saline, 2 injections intravenously

I didn’t give the rest of the instructions - my train left for a business trip.

I doubt the recipes given to me “under the glass.” (to official

I can’t go to the doctor - both because of work and because of “red tape” with

official doctors), but I’m still worried about the result

Answer please! Sincerely, Igor.

(slowly) along with the blood. Specific speed (slow) indicate

Release forms and composition.

Film-coated tablets: 30 pcs per pack.

1 tab. contains standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba 40 mg.

Other Ingredients: Lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, corn starch, colloidal silica anhydride, talc, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 6000, hypromellose, titanium dioxide, red iron oxide.

Oral solution: 30 ml in a bottle.

1 ml - standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba 40 mg.

Other ingredients: lemon essential oil, orange essential oil, sodium saccharin, ethyl alcohol, water.

A standardized and titrated herbal preparation, the effect of which is determined by the nature of its influence on metabolic processes in cells, the rheological properties of blood and microcirculation, as well as on the vasomotor reactions of blood vessels. Improves cerebral circulation and supply of oxygen and glucose to the brain. It has a vasoregulatory effect on the entire vascular system: arteries, veins, capillaries. Helps improve blood flow, prevents red blood cell aggregation (anti-sludge effect), has an inhibitory effect on platelet activating factor (anti-PAF effect). Normalizes metabolic processes and has an antihypoxic effect on tissues. Prevents the formation of free radicals and lipid peroxidation of cell membranes. It has a pronounced anti-edematous effect both at the level of the brain and at the periphery. Affects the release, re-uptake and catabolism of neurotransmitters (norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine) and their ability to bind to membrane receptors.

— dyscirculatory encephalopathy of various origins (consequences of stroke, consequences of traumatic brain injury, in old age), manifested by attention and/or memory disorders, decreased intellectual abilities, feelings of fear, sleep disturbances;

- disorders of peripheral circulation and microcirculation, incl. arteriopathy of the lower extremities, Raynaud's syndrome;

- neurosensory disorders (dizziness, tinnitus, hypoacusia, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy).

Prescribe 1 tablet. or 1 ml of solution for oral administration 3 times a day with meals. The average duration of treatment is 3 months.

Possible digestive disorders, headaches, allergic reactions.

The first signs of improvement appear 1 month after the start of treatment.

Composition and release form: film-coated tablets - 1 tablet.

excipients: disubstituted calcium phosphate dihydrate; MCC; magnesium stearate; sodium carboxymethylcellulose; sugar coating

15 pcs in blister; There are 2 blisters in a cardboard pack.

Film-coated tablets - 1 tablet.

excipients: disubstituted calcium phosphate dihydrate; MCC; magnesium stearate; sodium carboxymethylcellulose; sugar coating

25 pcs in blister; There are 2 blisters in a cardboard pack.

Film-coated tablets - 1 tablet.

excipients: disubstituted calcium phosphate dihydrate; MCC; magnesium stearate; sodium carboxymethylcellulose; film casing

15 pcs in blister; There are 2 blisters in a cardboard pack.

Lyophilisate for preparing solution for injection - 1 fl.

excipients: lactose monohydrate; tartaric acid

in 4 mg bottles, complete with solvent in 4 ml ampoules; There are 4 sets in a cardboard pack.

Pharmacological action: alpha-adrenolytic, vasodilator. Dilates blood vessels, reduces vascular resistance, increases arterial blood flow, improves cerebral circulation and oxygen and glucose consumption by brain tissue. Increases blood flow rate in the extremities, reduces pulmonary vascular resistance, inhibits platelet aggregation and improves hemorheological parameters.

Indications: acute, chronic vascular or metabolic cerebral insufficiency (atherosclerosis, thrombosis or embolism of cerebral vessels, transient cerebral ischemia); acute or chronic peripheral vascular insufficiency (obliterating vascular diseases of the extremities, Raynaud's syndrome); headache, migraine, arterial hypertension (as an additional remedy), hypertensive crisis.

Contraindications: hypersensitivity to nicergoline, acute bleeding, acute myocardial infarction, orthostatic hypotension.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding: Not recommended.

Side effects: arterial hypotension, dizziness (after parenteral administration), rarely - dyspeptic symptoms (mild), feeling of heat, flushing of the face, sleep disturbances (drowsiness or insomnia - rarely).

Interaction: enhances the effect of antihypertensive drugs.

Directions for use and dosage: Inside. In between meals - 5-10 mg 3 times a day at regular intervals.

V/m. Usually recommended mg 2 times a day.

Dosage, route of administration, duration of treatment are individual and depend on the severity of the disease. In some cases, it is advisable to begin treatment with parenteral administration of the drug, followed by switching to oral administration during the period of maintenance therapy.

The information provided is intended for medical and pharmaceutical professionals, should not be used for treatment and cannot be considered as official. The most accurate information about the drug is contained in the instructions supplied with the packaging by the manufacturer. No information posted on this or any other page of our website can serve as a substitute for personal contact with a specialist.

Please pay attention to the specified dates for entering information; information may become outdated.

Source: http://www.webapteka.ru/drugbase/name13020.html