Acute hemisinusitis treatment

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Hemisinusitis: what it is, treatment and symptoms of acute and chronic forms

Hemisinusitis is a disease in which two or more paranasal sinuses become inflamed at the same time.

In this case, the sinuses become inflamed on only one side of the face, either on the right or on the left.

Table of contents:

What is the difference between this pathology and sinusitis or frontal sinusitis, how does it manifest itself and what treatment is required?

Description and features of hemisinusitis - what is it?

In the human facial skeleton there are four paranasal sinuses - three of them are paired, and are located symmetrically on both sides of the nose, and one is unpaired.

In Latin, these sinuses are called paranasal sinuses. If their inflammation develops, then, accordingly, this disease is called paranasal sinusitis.

The following paranasal cavities are distinguished:

  1. Frontal sinuses - when they become inflamed, frontal sinusitis is diagnosed.
  2. Maxillary sinuses - if inflammation affects them, it is called sinusitis.
  3. Ethmoidal cavities - inflammation of these sinuses is called ethmoiditis.

There is also a sphenoidal space in the sphenoid bone of the skull; pathologies of this cavity are called sphenoiditis.

How does it differ from classic sinusitis? In the latter case, the infection affects one pair of sinuses or the sphenoidal space. And with hemisinusitis, several sinuses become inflamed at once.

But not symmetrically, but only on one side of the face. Based on this, right-sided or left-sided hemisinusitis is distinguished.

Causes of hemisinusitis development

Hemisinusitis is not diagnosed as often as other types of sinusitis. The trigger is always an infection, bacterial or viral. And the prerequisites for the development of hemisinusitis are:

  • Features of the anatomical structure of the facial part of the skull. Some people have a congenital malformation of the skull, where the bony plates are positioned in such a way that the drainage of mucus from the sinuses is impeded. During the inflammatory process, the passages and anastomosis can be completely blocked;
  • Facial injuries, after which there was a curvature of the nasal septum and asymmetry of the nasal sinuses developed;
  • Congenital pathologies of epithelial tissue of the nasal passages and cavities;
  • Polypous growths of the mucous membrane.

Hemisinusitis can develop after mechanical injury; some people are genetically predisposed to this pathology.

Symptoms of hemisinusitis

How hemisinusitis will manifest depends on which paranasal sinuses are affected. If one of the maxillary sinuses becomes inflamed, the patient will complain of the following symptoms:

  1. Pain on the right or left side of the nose.
  2. Body temperature rising in the evening.
  3. Weakness.
  4. Copious discharge from the nostril on the affected side is purulent in nature; it can also flow down the back wall of the larynx.

If one of the frontal sinuses becomes inflamed, the patient will feel paroxysmal, shooting pains in the brow ridge; the eyelid or forehead on the affected side may swell and swell. There is also abundant purulent discharge and an increase in temperature towards the end of the day.

Ethmoiditis sinusitis is never isolated; this type of sinusitis is always accompanied by inflammation of the frontal or maxillary sinus. That is, with hemisinusitis, the ethmoid sinus and the frontal sinus, or the ethmoid sinus and the maxillary sinus, become inflamed in pairs.

The symptoms do not change, but pain with ethmoiditis can cover the entire facial part of the head.

Forms and types of hemisinusitis

According to the nature of the course, acute and chronic hemisinusitis are distinguished. Acute hemisinusitis develops very quickly, and the patient's condition deteriorates sharply. The temperature rises rapidly, the discharge from the right or left nostril is very profuse, and the pain is intense.

Chronic hemisinusitis is not so pronounced. There is no temperature and rises slightly only during an exacerbation. The pain is minor, usually not requiring analgesics.

The discharge from the nostril on the affected side is moderate, but if you take a picture of the inflamed sinuses, you will notice a large accumulation of pus.

Chronic hemisinusitis can last for years, periodically exacerbating and returning to remission. Treatment of this form of pathology is the most difficult. The exact opposite is catarrhal hemisinusitis. It is always caused by a viral infection; there is no purulent discharge.

Successful treatment of catarrhal hemisinusitis is possible without surgery and without a drainage procedure; only drug therapy is sufficient.

Treatment of hemisinusitis

Independent diagnosis and treatment of hemisinusitis is impossible. To accurately determine which sinuses are affected and to what extent, whether there are complications and other concomitant diseases, you need to be in a hospital. Only after a complete examination will it be possible to determine an accurate diagnosis and begin adequate comprehensive treatment.

What is the basic treatment? First of all, you need to eliminate the pus that has accumulated in the inflamed sinuses. The following methods are used for this:

  1. Machine drainage of inflamed sinuses, this procedure is popularly known as “cuckoo”.
  2. Removing pus from the sinuses by moving fluid and displacing secretions.
  3. Carrying out a puncture.

If a non-catarrhal form of hemisinusitis is diagnosed, then antibacterial drugs must be prescribed. To eliminate swelling of the mucous membrane of the nasal passages and affected paranasal sinuses, vasoconstrictor drops are used. In terms of method of use, action and side effects, they are not much different.

But all drugs have different durations of action, which determines the dosage. Therefore, only a doctor selects such medications.

To wash the nose and paranasal cavities, solutions with antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effects are selected. They clean, disinfect and moisturize the mucous membrane. For severe swelling, antihistamines are also used. If they are ineffective, hormones from the glucocorticoid group and inexpensive but effective antiviral drugs are prescribed.

Both during treatment and after it, multivitamin complexes and products that strengthen and support the body’s immunity are recommended. They should be taken constantly.

Since treatment of hemisinusitis involves the use of several drugs with different effects, it is very important to choose the right combination and dosage. This is another reason why treatment should be entrusted to doctors and carried out in a hospital setting. The doctor will monitor the patient's reaction to the measures taken and, if necessary, adjust them.

After the symptoms of acute hemisinusitis are relieved, they proceed to the final stage of treatment. You should not refuse it under any circumstances - its main goal is to prevent a relapse of the disease. Various physiotherapy procedures and nasal rinsing with antiseptic and moisturizing solutions at home are prescribed. Resort and sanatorium treatment is recommended. The video in this article will tell you about the symptoms of sinusitis and how to treat it.

Source: http://stopgripp.ru/bolezn/sinusitis/gemisinusit.html

Hemisinusitis: causes and treatment. Possible complications

Hemisinusitis is the most common pathology of the ENT organs, which in almost 100% of cases requires treatment in a hospital.

In recent years, there has been a tendency towards a protracted course of the disease, chronicity of the process and rapid spread of infection along the respiratory tract.

Thus, the disease requires attention, careful diagnosis and special approaches to treatment.

Hemisinusitis: what is it? Description of the pathology

Hemisinusitis is a left- or right-sided inflammation of several paranasal sinuses, which has a multifactorial nature.

In children, this pathology is extremely rare, since by a certain age not all of their paranasal sinuses are developed.

Despite the fact that the disease can be a consequence of infection, injury or allergy, it is always based on inflammation of the epithelial membrane, which can spread deep into and into surrounding structures.

As is known, the paranasal sinuses perform drainage, secretory and protective functions. Accordingly, when they become inflamed, the normal outflow of secreted fluid is disrupted and local resistance decreases.

To make a diagnosis, a special code according to ICD 10 (which stands for international classification of diseases) is used - J01. The main place where it fits is the inpatient’s medical card and medical history.

Symptoms: how does the disease develop?

In the case of acute lesions, the disease begins suddenly, usually against the background of a viral infection of the respiratory tract.

Infectious agents, entering the nose and then into its paranasal sinuses, penetrate the mucous membrane and contribute to the development of local inflammation.

Basically, the exudative component prevails, which leads to severe swelling of the mucous membrane and accumulation of excess fluid in the sinuses, depriving them of normal pneumatization.

Impaired and decreased ventilation, stagnation of secretions, as well as hypoxia developing as a result of inflammation, lead to the activation of conditionally pathogenic flora.

As a result, the disease occurs with a layer of bacterial infection, which only worsens its course and prognosis.

The peculiarity of the clinical picture of the acute form of unilateral sinus lesions is that it often develops against the background of acute respiratory infections.

  • difficulty in nasal breathing;
  • decreased or complete impairment of the sense of smell;
  • severe “facial” pain on one side;
  • copious mucopurulent discharge from the nose;
  • fever.

When the ethmoid and main sinuses are affected, the above symptoms are accompanied by headache localized in the back of the head, nausea, and sometimes vomiting, dizziness and an unpleasant odor emanating from the nasal cavity.

Less commonly, there is a decrease in visual acuity and flickering of spots before the eyes.

In the chronic form of the disease, patients also complain that they have a headache (in the frontal and occipital region, in the projection of the maxillary sinuses), a constantly stuffy nose, periodic purulent discharge and an unpleasant odor.

Causes of hemisinusitis: types of disease

Description of the main causes of unilateral inflammation of several paranasal cavities:

In addition, sinusitis has a large classification depending on the etiological factor (rhinogenic, odontogenic), the form of the lesion (catarrhal, purulent, polypous, necrotic and cystic) and course (acute, protracted and chronic).

Acute hemisinusitis

In almost all cases, the acute form of left- or right-sided sinusitis develops as a complication of ARVI or viral-bacterial infection. It has an acute onset and a detailed classical clinical picture.

Patients complain of facial pain, severe nasal congestion, nausea, copious purulent discharge and fever, and loss of smell.

Right-sided hemisinusitis

In this case, the sinuses on the right are affected by the inflammatory process. Consequently, the pain syndrome will be localized on this side, which can also be said about nasal congestion.

The discharge is purulent or mixed. When palpating the face, severe pain in the right region is noted.

Left-sided hemisinusitis

If the process is on the left, then they speak of left-sided sinusitis. Uneven congestion and rhinorrhea, as well as complaints of pain in the face and head, more in the left area, help to suspect this particular localization of inflammation.

Upon examination, the doctor notes pain when pressing on the projection points of the left frontal and maxillary sinuses, severe swelling of the nasal cavity and convergence disorder.

Purulent hemisinusitis

The purulent form of the disease is extremely difficult with severe pain and intoxication. In addition to the above symptoms, the discharge from the nose is only purulent with an unpleasant and sometimes fetid odor; the fever is persistent febrile or hectic in nature.

The disease often leads to serious and dangerous complications, so treatment is carried out only in specialized departments.

Polyposis hemisinusitis

If a patient is diagnosed with chronic hemisinusitis, this often indicates the presence of polyps in the nasopharynx. In this case, the pathology has a protracted and chronic course with periodic exacerbations as a result of the addition of infections.

During the period of remission, the patient feels slight congestion in the nasal passages and a decrease in sense of smell, and may complain of scant purulent discharge. In some cases (with widespread vegetation), the disease requires surgical treatment.

Treatment of hemisinusitis: which doctor should I contact?

In the diagnosis of inflammatory diseases of the paranasal cavities, the following is used:

  • clinical blood test;
  • plain radiography of the skull in direct projection, computed tomography;
  • therapeutic and diagnostic puncture, instrumental endoscopy;
  • rhino- and rhinomanometry.

In the treatment of sinusitis, conservative, instrumental and surgical treatment methods are used. Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics (Cefuroxime, Amoxicillin, Ceftriaxone, Amoxiclav), antihistamines and vasoconstrictor drops is advisable only for uncomplicated and acute forms of the disease.

In some cases, with massive stagnation of secretions in the paranasal cavities, doctors use a puncture method of therapy.

It consists of aspirating a large amount of inflammatory fluid and restoring ventilation.

Of the physiotherapeutic procedures, the most popular is “cuckoo”, which consists of the usual rinsing of the paranasal cavities.

First, the doctor injects an antiseptic from a syringe under pressure into the nasal passage (the patient repeats the sounds of the cuckoo so that the liquid does not enter the oropharynx), then uses a special suction to remove it along with pus and other exudate.

In addition, UHF, magnetic therapy, quartz tube and much more are used.

How to relieve symptoms yourself at home: home treatment

Despite the fact that treatment at home when diagnosing hemisinusitis is impractical and dangerous, the patient, before going to the hospital, should know where to start therapy in order to improve his condition.

To make breathing easier, you can use decongestants - vasoconstrictor drops in the nose, which, when administered correctly, also enter the sinuses (Vibrocil, Xylometazoline, Nazivin, Rinorus).

Rinsing the nasal passages with saline or chamomile also has a good effect.

Antibiotics should be used to relieve inflammation. The drug of choice is Bioparox, which is injected into the nose several times a day.

This introduction allows the substance to enter the cavities. Homeopathic remedies such as Cinnabsin and Sinupret have proven their effectiveness.

Possible complications

The outcome depends on how to treat the disease, with what means and for how long. The most common complications include:

  1. Transition of the disease into a chronic form.
  2. Acute purulent otitis media.
  3. Acute bronchitis.
  4. Meningitis, encephalitis, arachnoiditis.
  5. Abscess or phlegmon of the orbit.

Timely seeking medical help will most likely avoid serious complications.

Prevention

All preventive measures should be aimed at strengthening immune function and preventing the development of infectious diseases.

Doctors recommend maintaining a rational and balanced diet, sanitizing the oral cavity, and, if necessary, eliminating bone-anatomical defects of the facial area.

Specific prevention refers to the use of drugs such as IRS-19 and Imudon. Containing bacterial lysates, they perfectly protect the nasopharynx from viruses and bacteria.

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Specialty: Otorhinolaryngologist Work experience: 12 years

Specialty: Otorhinolaryngologist Work experience: 8 years

Source: http://nasmorkam.net/gemisinusit-chto-eto-prichiny-lechenie/

Hemisinusitis, treatment of acute, purulent and right-sided forms of the disease

Hemisinusitis is one of the most common ENT diseases. It lies in the fact that inflammation affects several paranasal sinuses on one side at once. As a result, swelling occurs, due to which secretion is produced.

Since due to swelling, the patency of the canals decreases or stops altogether, this pathological secretion accumulates. After some time, due to a bacterial infection, the accumulated mucus turns into pus. There may even be blood in it.

In total, a person has three pairs of nasal sinuses: the maxillary, frontofrontal and ethmoidal cavitary processes. Most often, this disease affects only one side, then they talk about right-sided or left-sided hemisinusitis.

Symptoms and causes

With this disease, a person feels general weakness, headache, heaviness, swelling of the eyelid, has a fever and weak appetite. The most important symptom is severe difficulty breathing or complete inability to breathe through the nose.

If you suspect such a disease, so that it does not develop into a more severe form, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Among the causes of the inflammatory process in the nasal sinus are the following.

  • Incorrect nose blowing. You need to free your nose from accumulated pus one by one. When you blow your nose at the same time, mucus clogs your sinuses. Left-sided hemisinusitis can turn into right-sided hemisinusitis and vice versa.
  • With some anatomical abnormalities in the structure of the septum, the discharge of mucus may be difficult and does not come out naturally.
  • Also, the channels that remove secretions may be impassable due to polyps or curvatures due to acquired injuries.
  • Death of the epithelium inside the sinuses. As a result of this pathology, the secretion cannot drain naturally.
  • The most important causative agent of the disease are microorganisms: staphylococci and streptococci, as well as viruses and microbes.
  • Every person's body contains fungal microflora. But with reduced immunity or prolonged use of antibiotics, it begins to actively multiply, creating fungal mycetomas.
  • Hemisinusitis often becomes a complication of influenza, hepatitis and measles.
  • Diseases of the upper teeth.

Types of hemisinusitis

Depending on the side affected by the inflammation, left-sided and right-sided hemisinusitis are distinguished. It occurs in acute, chronic or catarrhal form.

  1. Acute hemisinusitis is characterized by a sharp headache, severe runny nose, more precisely, discharge from one nostril, general intoxication of the body, and elevated temperature.
  2. Chronic hemisinusitis develops gradually, with temporary attenuation and resumption of the disease. The person feels weak, the pain is moderate, but purulent discharge from the sinuses is abundant. The disease in this form is the most difficult to treat.
  3. Catarrhal hemisinusitis is a disease in its initial stage, without the addition of a bacterial infection. It is most easily treated with medications and at home.

Treatment of hemisinusitis

All treatment methods boil down to eliminating inflammation and swelling, but in order to choose an effective method, it is necessary to identify the root cause of the disease. Therefore, before starting therapy, it is necessary to obtain a doctor’s opinion about what type of hemisinusitis has developed. Making a diagnosis is not difficult, since the disease has very characteristic symptoms. The conclusion is made on the basis of an x-ray.

Traditional methods

Treatment of catarrhal form is not particularly difficult and is essentially the same as the treatment of ordinary rhinitis. It is necessary to relieve swelling and inflammation and ensure free discharge of accumulated secretions. To do this, use inhalations, vasoconstrictor drops and nasal rinsing to disinfect inside cavities.

Purulent hemisinusitis is treated with antibiotics. They are available on a prescription basis and therefore require a doctor's visit to obtain one. But if the drug does not help, the temperature does not fall, but continues to rise, then the prescription needs to be adjusted. In order for the doctor to prescribe the most effective medicine, it is necessary to analyze the mucus and identify the type of bacteria.

Treatment also includes drainage, and after removing the pus, the nose is washed. Drainage is performed either by a method commonly called “cuckoo” or surgically, when it is necessary to take a puncture. The latter method is used if a gentle treatment method does not produce results after repeated procedures. If the patient is in severe pain, you can take analeptics, for example, aspirin, but no more than three days.

In special cases, if a lot of pus has accumulated and there is a threat to a person’s life, the nasal sinuses are pierced and the pus is pumped out.

If hemisinusitis is caused by polyps, then antihistamines are used, because they are a consequence of allergic rhinitis.

Traditional methods of treatment

In the chronic form, treatment with traditional medicine is possible. However, home remedies will not help if the temperature is already above 38 o C.

To make breathing easier, use nasal drops, which are prepared from honey and beet juice at a ratio of 1:3. Beets have the property of constricting blood vessels, and honey is rich in beneficial substances that have an antiseptic effect. These drops will also help strengthen the immune system. You need to drip your nose up to three times a day, a few drops.

In order to reduce the inflammatory process, drops from aloe and Kalanchoe juice are used. These plants themselves have a powerful healing effect, and when combined with each other, their effect doubles. You need to mix the juice of these plants in equal proportions, add onions if desired, and bury them in your nose as indicated in the previous recipe.

Cyclamen-based drops are used to thin mucus. It irritates the mucous membrane, causing a large amount of mucus to form, causing a severe runny nose, which helps remove stagnant pus.

Acupressure and warming compresses for the sinuses are also used to release the sinuses.

Restorative procedures

After treatment of the acute form of the disease, a series of procedures are prescribed for final recovery and removal of residual effects.

  • After ultrasound treatment, pain decreases and metabolism accelerates;
  • Electrophoresis eliminates inflammation, swelling and improves the outflow of mucus;
  • Inhalations enhance the effect of medications taken;
  • The expansion of blood capillaries in the nasal cavities is carried out using electromagnetic waves, which also improve the outflow of fluids from the nose;
  • Diadynamic impulse shock relieves inflammation and relieves pain;
  • Treatment with mud.

Prevention

Timely treatment of hemisinusitis is the key to a speedy and final recovery without complications. However, the best way to protect yourself from the unpleasant and debilitating symptoms of the disease is constant prevention. It is simple and comes down to basic care for your health:

  • Timely visit to the dentist and treatment of caries;
  • Strengthening immunity;
  • A nutritious healthy diet;
  • Timely treatment of colds and other diseases, before complications arise;
  • Giving up bad habits.

Constant attention to your health will allow you to maintain the energy, strength and vigor that free breathing and a healthy body give.

Source: http://noslor.ru/sinusit/gemisinusit.html

Causes, symptoms and treatment of hemisinusitis

Doctors are dumbfounded! Protection against FLU and COLDS!

Just need it before bed.

Hemisinusitis is understood as an inflammatory process in several (and sometimes all) paranasal sinuses on the right or left side. This disease of the ENT organs is one of the most common.

Classification

Hemisinusitis is classified according to several main indicators:

  • acute and chronic hemisinusitis - depending on the form of the process;
  • catarrhal and purulent - according to the type and nature of the discharge;
  • left-sided and right-sided - on the affected side.

Causes

The reasons for the development of this disease are extremely varied. Conventionally, they are divided into two large categories.

  • Hemisinusitis caused by various pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms. These include bacteria (staphylococci and streptococci), viruses that cause influenza, measles, adenoviral infections, and fungal microflora (mycetomas) that actively reproduce in favorable conditions.
  • Hemisinusitis, developing due to congenital or acquired diseases and anatomical defects. These are, for example, injuries to the nose; various inflammatory diseases of the upper jaw, gums and teeth; nasal polyps; asymmetry of the nasal cavity.

Symptoms

  • On the affected side in the area of ​​the nose, bridge of the nose or under the eye (depending on which paranasal sinus the inflammatory process begins), discomfort and pain appear. The pain syndrome intensifies in the evening, then “loses” a certain localization, and the patient complains of a constant headache and a feeling of heaviness on one side. In the acute course of the disease, the pain becomes unbearable, and painkillers bring relief only for a short period of time. Chronic hemisinusitis occurs with moderate pain.
  • Difficulty in nasal breathing on one side.
  • Runny nose. There is active inflammation in the paranasal sinuses, which is accompanied by copious discharge from one nostril. In the case of a chronic or purulent process, the discharge has a yellow-green color and an unpleasant odor.
  • Increase in body temperature to 38°C and above. Usually characteristic only for the acute course of the disease.
  • General malaise. Patients complain of weakness, lethargy, increased fatigue, sleep and appetite disturbances.

Diagnostics

Making a diagnosis, as a rule, does not cause any particular difficulties, since the symptoms of hemisinusitis are very eloquent. The diagnosis is confirmed on the basis of x-ray examination of the paranasal sinuses, and sometimes tomography is used.

Treatment

Treatment of any of the subtypes of hemisinusitis is primarily aimed at eliminating the infectious inflammatory process, reducing symptoms and preventing complications.

  • The catarrhal form of hemisinusitis differs little from ordinary rhinitis, and it can be treated with proven means - rinsing the nose with antiseptic solutions (Miramistin, Furacilin, using vasoconstrictor drops.
  • For purulent, acute or chronic hemisinusitis, treatment is almost never complete without antibacterial drugs.

All antibiotics are sold in pharmacies strictly according to prescriptions, so a visit to a specialist (an ENT doctor or at least a therapist) is simply necessary. The course of treatment also necessarily includes removing the contents from the sinuses (drainage) followed by rinsing the cavities. Drainage can be performed using both conservative methods (Proetz transfer, or the so-called cuckoo) and surgical methods (puncture). An aggressive drainage method is used when conservative treatment does not produce results, with repeated and prolonged course of hemisinusitis, and with the risk of complications.

Prevention

To prevent the development of this disease, it is enough to follow the simplest recommendations:

  • promptly treat oral diseases (caries);
  • strengthen the immune system - harden yourself, walk in the fresh air, balance your diet and consume all the necessary vitamins and microelements;
  • give up bad habits, especially smoking.

High-quality prevention and timely contact with a specialist can protect a person from the development and exacerbation of the disease.

A specialist in the field of functional diagnostics, rehabilitation therapy for patients with respiratory diseases, develops and conducts training programs for patients with bronchial asthma and COPD. Author of 17 scientific papers on the treatment of the respiratory system.

Source: http://ovdohe.ru/sinusit/gemisinusit.html

Hemisinusitis

Have you been diagnosed with hemisinusitis? Do you want to know how dangerous this disease is and how to get rid of it? Then read the review article below and everything will become clear to you!

What it is?

By hemisinusitis, doctors mean complex inflammation of several paranasal sinuses on one side of the face. Let us recall that a person has three pairs of different cavities - these are the frontal sinuses, the maxillary paranasal cavities and the ethmoidal cavitary processes. In classic sinusitis, any one pair of such organs or the sphenoidal space in the sphenoid bone is affected. If you are diagnosed with hemisinusitis, then the inflammatory process covers several cavities at once, and only on one side.

Causes and symptoms

Hemisinusitis is not diagnosed so often and its causes may be an anomaly in the structure of the skull, when any part of it at a physiological level prevents the normal outflow of snot, and in the event of an infection, a specific sinus or group of cavities is completely blocked.

Also, the cause of such a disease can be a trauma to the nose, which creates an asymmetry of the cavity through deformation of the septum, as well as polypous expansion of the mucous membrane, induced by mechanical damage or congenital pathology.

The symptoms of this condition vary depending on the specific cavity/group of cavities affected. With sinusitis, the patient feels pain to the left or right of the base of the nose, and more abundant secretory discharge with pus is observed on the side of the affected nostril, moving to the back wall of the pharynx. In this case, the patient may feel weak, and his temperature often rises in the evening.

When the predominantly unilateral front of the sinuses is affected, the person feels pain in the superciliary arch, with sharp shooting attacks in the short term. Often the eyelid or forehead swells in the affected area; other symptoms are identical to the previous condition.

The ethmoiditis type of hemisinusitis lesion is almost never isolated and is associated with similar processes in the frontal or maxillary sinuses. The symptoms here are identical to the first two cases, and the pain syndrome is “smeared” over the entire facial part with centers around the eyes.

Types of disease

Acute hemisinusitis

It is characterized by the rapid development of the disease, severe pain, copious discharge from the left or right nostril, as well as intoxication and high fever.

Chronic hemisinusitis

In this case, the disease develops gradually, often moving from the stage of acute remission to a permanent chronic form with the absence of fever, weakness throughout the body, moderate pain and almost certainly the presence of a large amount of pus in the affected sinuses. This type of hemisinusitis is the most difficult to treat!

Catarrhal hemisinusitis

Hemisinusitis of the catarrhal type has a clearly defined viral nature and, as a rule, is the primary form of the development of the disease without the addition of a bacterial infection. It is treated with classical drug therapy without surgery or drainage.

Treatment of hemisinusitis

It is necessary to treat hemisinusitis in a hospital or hospital setting, especially if you do not know the exact diagnosis, specific areas affected by the infection and the form of the disease.

The treatment process necessarily includes unilateral drainage of the sinus with machine flushing of the cavities (“cuckoo”) or puncture and displacement of pus by moving fluids. Also, the patient is prescribed broad-spectrum antibiotics, nasal drops for the common cold with a vasoconstrictor effect, local medications with antiseptic, moisturizing and cleansing effects, decongestant antihistamines and corticosteroids, as well as supportive body and additional restorative therapy.

After the acute phase of hemisinusitis is removed, the ENT doctor prescribes physical therapy, rinsing the sinuses at home and other required measures prescribed depending on the patient’s current health condition.

Source: http://www.doctorfm.ru/sickness/gemisinusit

Hemisinusitis

Sinusitis is a common reason for visiting an ENT doctor. Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses affects 10% of people. The most severe degree of the disease is purulent acute hemisinusitis.

What are the signs and forms of this infection? How dangerous is the disease? What medical and home treatments are available for sinusitis? Let's look into these issues.

What is sinusitis

This disease is an inflammation of the paranasal sinuses. According to the prevalence of the process, the following types of sinusitis are distinguished:

  1. Rhinosinusitis. It is characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa and one of its sinuses. When the paranasal sinuses become inflamed, the infection inevitably affects the nasal passages and pharynx, since their mucous membranes represent one common path.
  2. Hemisinusitis. With this form of the disease, all sinuses on one side are involved in the process.

The common division of the disease according to the nature of its course is:

Symptoms of the acute stage persist for less than 1 month. Then the process moves into a subacute course. Sinusitis is considered chronic if symptoms of the disease continue for more than 3 months.

Sinusitis is classified according to the nature of the discharge:

Based on etiology, sinusitis is classified into inflammatory (bacterial, viral, fungal), allergic or traumatic. According to the localization of the process, sinusitis is divided into right-sided and left-sided.

Signs of acute hemisinusitis

The initial signs of the disease are similar to a cold:

  • temperature increase;
  • nasal congestion;
  • headache;
  • nasal discharge.

Humans have 4 paranasal sinuses. Local signs of the disease appear depending on the involvement of one or another nasal sinus in the inflammatory process:

  1. In acute inflammation of the ethmoid labyrinth of the nose (ethmoiditis) and the maxillary sinus (sinusitis), the symptoms are similar. Watery eyes, headaches and toothaches, nasal congestion and mucopurulent discharge from them appear. Patients have a reduced sense of smell and tension in the cheeks. With ethmoiditis, an additional symptom is pain in the orbit and root of the nose.
  2. Acute inflammation of the frontal sinus (frontal sinusitis) is accompanied by severe headaches in the forehead, especially in the morning. This is explained by the fact that at night during sleep the outflow of secretions from the sinuses becomes difficult. Instead of self-cleaning, secretions accumulate inside the frontal sinus. Compression of the walls causes morning pain in the forehead.
  3. In acute sphenoiditis (inflammation of the sphenoid sinus), a constant aching pain appears in the back of the head, which is not relieved by analgesics. Mucus or purulent discharge flows down the back of the throat, which the person either swallows or spits out. The patient has a constant feeling of discomfort in the depths of the nose and bad breath. The proximity of the sphenoid sinus to the optic nerve causes double vision or decreased vision.

Important! With hemisinusitis, several sinuses are involved in the process at once. The disease takes a severe course. This combined form of the disease is considered complicated, so purulent sinusitis often develops. The symptom complex of the disease consists of signs of inflammation of various sinuses.

Symptoms of purulent sinusitis

An acute inflammatory process in the sinuses can occur primarily after infection or as an exacerbation of a chronic process. The causative agents of the disease are predominantly streptococci, staphylococci or pneumococci. Purulent sinusitis develops due to many reasons. The main ones are decreased immunity and impaired drainage function of the sinuses due to diseases of the nasopharynx, including untreated dental caries.

Purulent sinusitis goes through several stages of development. At an early stage, this is catarrhal sinusitis, manifested by a runny nose. At the same time, nasal discharge is light and transparent. As the disease progresses, they become serous-mucosal. The addition of a bacterial infection is accompanied by thick purulent discharge from the nose. In this case, sinusitis turns from catarrhal to purulent. The patient's condition changes dramatically for the worse.

General signs of purulent sinusitis:

  1. Fluctuations in daily temperature with an increase in the evening and at night.
  2. The course of the disease is characterized by periods of deterioration after temporary improvement.
  3. Patients become apathetic and lethargic. For the most part they are in a bad mood.
  4. Loss of smell. Patients cannot distinguish the taste and smell of food.

Local manifestations of purulent sinusitis:

  • headache and toothache on the affected side on the right or left;
  • purulent taste in the mouth due to drainage of secretions down the back of the throat;
  • constant nasal congestion with thick purulent discharge;
  • on palpation, pain in the projection of the sinus and swelling of the face;
  • nasal voice.

Note! With inadequate treatment, a purulent process from the sinuses can spread through the blood vessels into the meninges and cause meningoencephalitis. The infection may also be complicated by bronchitis or pneumonia. Therefore, it is very important to consult a doctor at the first signs of illness, and not self-medicate for a “runny nose.”

Post-traumatic sinusitis

Sinusitis also develops in cases of trauma to the upper jaw. A severe contusion of the nose is complicated by sinusitis in 20% of cases. After injury, sinusitis can affect one or more sinuses.

Types of traumatic sinusitis by localization and extent of inflammation:

  1. Right-sided or left-sided sinusitis is inflammation of the sinuses on one side.
  2. Bilateral or unilateral sinusitis is inflammation of the sinuses of one type.
  3. Monosinusitis is an infection of one sinus.
  4. Polysinusitis is an inflammatory process of all paranasal sinuses.
  5. Hemisinusitis is inflammation of several sinuses on one side.

The clinical picture of infection consists of combined symptoms of sinus inflammation.

Drug treatment of hemisinusitis

The goal of sinusitis treatment is to improve drainage and suppress infection. The treatment complex consists of therapeutic measures:

  1. Antibiotic therapy is an essential part of the treatment of acute and chronic hemisinusitis. The drugs of choice are cephalosporins and third and fourth generation penicillins (Amoxiclav, Ciprofloxacin). Important! Self-medication with antibiotics is unacceptable! The doctor selects the drug depending on the stage of the disease, severity and characteristics of the patient.
  2. Treatment using a YAMIK catheter, which is inserted into the nasopharynx, is successfully used. This safe and painless drainage method allows you to empty and flush the sinus without puncture.
  3. Vasoconstrictor drops and sprays are not always used and not all. Features of the use and specific composition of vasoconstrictor drugs require mandatory consultation with an ENT doctor. In some cases of sinusitis, these remedies are harmful. Therefore, you cannot simply buy them and use them.
  4. To thin sputum, it is recommended to drink plenty of fruit drinks made from cranberries, lingonberries, rosehip tea, and Borjomi alkaline mineral water.
  5. General strengthening therapy with vitamin complexes to improve immunity (Supradin, Vitrum).

After the acute symptoms of the disease are relieved, the doctor prescribes physiotherapeutic treatment methods - electrophoresis, diadynamic pulse current, ultrasound.

Surgery

The surgical method of drainage using puncture is used for purulent pathology. Puncture for sinusitis is performed under local anesthesia with a thin needle. Drainage frees the sinus from pus, after which it is washed with a solution of antibiotics and antiseptics. The puncture is done several times until the sinus is completely free of purulent contents.

If the disease cannot be treated, a Caldwell-Luc procedure is performed. Currently, the technical equipment of clinics allows for a complex of conservative and surgical treatment of sinusitis.

How to treat hemisinusitis at home

In consultation with an ENT doctor, treatment can be supplemented with home methods:

  1. In the treatment of hemisinusitis, regular nasal irrigation with a 0.9% solution of table salt helps. To prepare it, add 1 tsp to 1 liter of chilled boiled water. salt. The procedure with a warm solution is carried out several times a day using a syringe, spray bottle or syringe. Pulsating devices have been developed for patients with heavy discharge. The pharmacy has saline solution or ready-made products for injecting Aqualor, Salin or Aquamaris into the nose. Irrigation effectively removes waste products through the nasal cavity.
  2. At home, apply a hot compress to the sinus area. To do this, moisten the fabric in hot water, apply it to the face and leave until it cools. The compress, warming the sinus area, facilitates the release of exudate.
  3. Steam inhalation over boiled potatoes, instillation of fir oil and propolis promote sinus drainage.
  4. Treatment is supplemented with folk remedies - instillation of onion, radish and aloe juice into the nasal passages.

A sauna, hot shower and hot towel wrap also have a healing effect on hemisinusitis. Thus, home methods, by improving drainage, are a good help in the treatment of sinusitis.

To summarize the topic, we emphasize that hemisinusitis is an infection that requires timely contact with an ENT doctor. If treated incorrectly, easily treatable catarrhal sinusitis turns into a purulent process requiring surgical intervention. In addition, it can be complicated by meningoencephalitis or pneumonia. It is recommended to supplement the treatment prescribed by the doctor with home remedies.

Source: http://gaimorit-sl.ru/sinusity/gemisinusit.html

Hemisinusitis - its types, causes and methods of treatment

The term “hemisinusitis” implies an inflammatory process that spreads to all the paranasal sinuses of one half of the face. The reason for this one-sided pathology lies in the asymmetrical, that is, unequal, development of the facial bone.

The excretory anastomosis, connecting the sinuses with the nasal passage, develop differently and have different diameters, therefore, when swelling occurs, some retain their functionality due to their larger diameter, while others become clogged, which leads to stagnant, purulent formations.

Types of hemisinusitis

There are several classifications of this disease. Depending on the form, two types can be distinguished:

It is characterized by rapid development, which is accompanied by severe pain, purulent nasal discharge and increased body temperature.

The concept of chronic hemisinusitis means that the acute stage passed without medical care or that care was not provided in full.

The body somehow adapted to the new microflora in the sinuses and stopped actively fighting it. At the same time, the disease has not gone away, it will worsen at any opportunity and, by and large, will remain forever. Treatment of this form comes down to constant prevention.

Depending on the type, two more:

Catarrhal hemisinusitis has the least difficulties in the recovery process. This is the first stage of the disease. Its treatment is successfully carried out through drug therapy without the use of surgical interventions.

A more dangerous type of disease, since it causes clots of pathogenic bacteria to form in the sinuses. There are so many of them that you can feel the heaviness in your face. These bacterial colonies can migrate from one sinus to another, in particularly severe cases, literally corroding the bone walls.

Hemisinusitis also has the prefixes:

This does not change the essence of the disease, but only indicates the characteristic features of the course of the disease or its occurrence. It is quite logical that if the disease is purely one-sided, divide it into: right-sided and left-sided. These are all names for the same disease.

Causes of hemisinusitis

As mentioned above, hemisinusitis has the peculiarity of affecting only one side of the nasal sinuses with inflammation. But it is worth noting separately what exactly causes this inflammation:

Firstly, these are all kinds of microorganisms that are not typical for humans:

  • Pathogenic bacteria such as staphylococci and streptococci;
  • Viruses and viral infections, everyone knows the most common - influenza, but hemisinusitis can also be caused by - hepatitis, measles, adenovirus;
  • Fungal microflora - it is present in every person and participates in metabolic processes, but with a decrease in immunity or unlimited use of antibiotics, it begins to actively multiply forming fungal bodies - mycetomas.

Secondly, physical defects can provoke hemisinusitis:

  • Diseases of the maxillary teeth;
  • Traumatic disorders of the structure of the nose;
  • Degradation of ciliated epithelium into squamous epithelium. Ciliated epithelium lines the nasal mucosa. When viewed under a microscope, it looks like carpet lint. With its villi, it creates the movement of mucus and gives it direction. Accordingly, with the loss of villi, the self-cleaning of the nose worsens.

Treatment of hemisinusitis

Treatment of hemisinusitis largely depends on the form, type and characteristics of the disease. For example, what is suitable for the treatment of catarrhal sinusitis may be absolutely ineffective for purulent or polypous sinusitis.

Therefore, it is extremely important before starting treatment to undergo professional diagnostics and identify the cause and type of the disease. And here we will give general advice and understanding of how certain forms of hemisinusitis are treated:

Let's start with the simplest - catarrhal.

This form differs slightly from ordinary rhinitis and does not require additional manipulations. Treatment is to relieve swelling, relieve inflammation and restore normal functioning of the nose. The following events are suitable for this:

  • Inhalation using boiled potatoes or medicinal herbs;
  • Use of vasoconstrictor drops. Sold in pharmacies for every taste and budget. But better are those based on oxymetazoline or phenylephrine;
  • Rinse the nose with antiseptic solutions of Miramistin and Furacilin.

For purulent hemisinusitis, treatment will not be complete without:

Antibiotics are the main and, by and large, only way to cure such sinusitis. All antibiotics are available by prescription only. Therefore, before purchasing medications, you will need to visit an ENT specialist or at least a therapist.

If antibiotics do not help within three to four days.

If the temperature rises and the condition worsens, then the antibiotics are not the right ones. A bacterial analysis of nasal mucus, identification of the bacteria and adjustment of the drug are required.

In cases threatening life and health.

The patient needs a puncture of the sinuses with physical pumping of pus.

To relieve pain symptoms.

It is possible to use analgesics such as aspirin, but it is not advisable to take them for more than 3 days.

For polypous hemisinusitis, in addition to the above methods, it is necessary to cover it with antihistamine therapy. Since polyps are a direct consequence of allergic rhinitis.

A few words about folk methods

Where would we be without them, everyone wants to become healthy without these exhausting trips to the hospital. And there is something rational in this, but you need to remember that if the temperature is above 38, and purulent clots come out of the nose in pieces, it is too late to use such treatment.

Home methods are more suitable for those suffering from chronic hemisinusitis.

To make breathing easier.

Use drops consisting of one part honey and three parts beet juice. Beetroot juice has a slight vasoconstrictor effect, and honey is a storehouse of micro- and macroelements, so necessary to increase local immunity.

You can drip from 1 to 3 times a day, a few drops, depending on the size of the nose. Children a little less, adults a little more. On average 2–5 drops. In other recipes, the frequency of administration is similar.

To relieve inflammation.

Drops based on aloe and Kalanchoe juice are suitable. Mix in proportions 1 to 1, if desired, you can add a drop of onion juice.

Cyclamen root drops.

Severely irritate the mucous membranes and contribute to the formation of a profuse runny nose. This is necessary in cases where the mucus has become excessively thick and does not want to leave the nose on its own.

Don’t be confused by the word “sinusitis” in this article; the technique and location of the active points do not change depending on the name of the disease.

Black radish compress.

The black radish tuber is peeled, cut into small chips, wrapped in several layers of gauze and applied to the projections of the sinuses, above the eyebrow and on the side of the nose. This method has a mild warming effect.

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Source: http://gaimoritus.ru/sinusit/gemisinusit-lechenie.html