Nebulizer what medications can be used

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The most effective medications for inhalation with a nebulizer

A cold always comes unexpectedly and “gives” us a whole bunch of unpleasant symptoms: runny nose, cough, headache, weakness and fever.

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Getting sick is always unpleasant, but it is especially bad when there is an important event ahead, you need to be in shape, or you have to do a lot of quality work. It is especially painful to realize that a child is suffering.

I would like to remove the manifestations of a cold as quickly, painlessly and thoroughly as possible. For this purpose, it is best to use a well-proven inhalation device - a nebulizer. It is very simple to use, it is only important to know the operating instructions well and correctly select the necessary medications.

Advantages and procedure for inhalation with a nebulizer

Effective and safe treatment of colds using nebulizer inhalation

Using a nebulizer has many advantages over a conventional inhaler:

  • Medicines are delivered to the affected area in the form of a fine cloud, which speeds up and simplifies the absorption of the drug.
  • This device is very easy and simple to use.
  • Children, even the most capricious and excitable ones, tolerate nebulizer inhalation well.
  • The device can be used even for bedridden patients and infants.
  • The device is equipped with convenient attachments and masks for various purposes.

In addition, some medications for inhalation with a nebulizer are sold in pharmacies in ready-made form in special capsules designed for use in this particular device, which significantly simplifies its operation and speeds up the use of the product.

Using a nebulizer requires following a few simple rules:

  1. All medications must be diluted only with saline solution. Using even distilled water will reduce the effectiveness of the product used and reduce the usefulness of inhalation.
  2. All medicines, even of herbal origin, must be factory-produced and purchased at a pharmacy. Even the highest quality and well-strained decoctions and tinctures of medicinal herbs can contain tiny dense particles that will prevent the nebulizer from working fully and at full strength.
  3. Since all medications have contraindications, and extracts, tinctures and decoctions based on plant raw materials can easily provoke an allergic reaction, sometimes very acute, it is not recommended to prescribe such procedures to yourself, and especially to a small child. Get a doctor's consultation and his agreement with the chosen method of treatment and the drugs used, and you or your child will quickly recover without causing the slightest harm to your health.

By following all these simple recommendations, you can count on high-quality treatment and a quick recovery from a runny nose, cough or other unpleasant manifestations of a cold.

Correctly performing inhalations with a nebulizer is the key to a quick recovery

Rules for using a nebulizer during inhalation:

  • The patient usually assumes a sitting position, severely ill patients can lie down, and small children and infants can be picked up.
  • During treatment, you should not talk or be distracted by eating or drinking water.
  • The nebulizer chamber must be kept in a vertical position.
  • Inhalations can be done no earlier than an hour to an hour and a half after eating or any physical activity.
  • You should not smoke for an hour before and after inhalation.
  • Before using any drug, you must always check its expiration date.
  • After opening the product, if it is not used in one go, the package must be carefully sealed and placed in the lower part of the refrigerator.
  • After opening the bottle or ampoule, the product should not be stored in the refrigerator for longer than two weeks (unless otherwise indicated on the packaging).
  • To dilute medications, use exclusively saline solution.
  • To refill the nebulizer you need 4 ml of liquid. In this case, the required amount of saline solution is first poured into the chamber, and only after that the appropriate amount of the drug according to the scheme.
  • For refilling, it is best to use sterile disposable syringes with needles.
  • When treating diseases of the throat, pharynx and bronchi, you need to breathe deeply and steadily through your mouth, slowly inhaling the vapors of the drug. If possible, after inhaling the medicine, it is recommended to hold the exhalation for a couple of seconds, this will improve the penetration of the medicine closer to the source of the disease.
  • To treat diseases of the nose, nasopharynx, and maxillary sinuses, use a mask or nasal cannulas. Breathing, naturally, should be carried out through the nose, and be as leisurely and superficial as possible.
  • The average duration of inhalation is 5 - 10 minutes.
  • If an antibiotic or hormonal drug was used during inhalation, it is recommended to rinse your mouth thoroughly with clean water after completing the procedure.
  • At the end of the process, the device must be disassembled by disconnecting the compressor part, the remaining drugs must be poured out, the drug container must be rinsed thoroughly, and all parts that have been in contact with the patient must be washed and disinfected.
  • After treatment, all surfaces must be dry, so they are carefully wiped with sterile wipes. It is important to ensure that the materials used do not leave residues or lint on the surface of the device.

With a runny nose

The most effective medications for inhalation for a runny nose for children and adults

It is believed that the nebulizer is especially effective against coughs, inflammation of the throat and bronchi, but it can also be used to eliminate a runny nose, especially if it is accompanied by severe inflammation and swelling of the nasopharyngeal mucosa.

Basic medications for inhalation with a nebulizer against a runny nose:

  • Alkaline mineral water. An absolutely harmless remedy that can be successfully used to treat even newborn babies and pregnant women. The soda contained in mineral water softens irritated, inflamed and dry mucous membranes, reducing the unpleasant symptoms of a runny nose and promoting rapid recovery.
  • A good remedy is Chlorophyllipt diluted with saline. It is very effective against various colds, including those caused by dangerous bacteria - staphylococci. To obtain a medicinal solution, 1 ml of Chlorophyllipt is diluted in 10 ml of physiological solution.
  • For acute infectious rhinitis, you can use the old proven drug - Furacilin. It has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, soothing irritated nasopharynx and throat.
  • For a runny nose that is viral in nature, with the permission of a doctor, you can use a special remedy - Interferon. The drug ampoule dissolves in 3 ml of saline solution. This remedy stimulates the body's immunity and helps it resist virus attacks. Manipulations should be carried out twice a day - in the morning and in the evening before bedtime.
  • If you have a severe runny nose, you can use a proven antiseptic - an alcohol tincture of marigolds, or calendula. To use it in a nebulizer, the drug must be diluted 40 times, otherwise you can burn the mucous membranes. It is better not to use preparations with alcohol for children, even if they are already quite old.
  • The same applies to alcohol tincture of propolis. This is a powerful antiseptic that helps with various inflammatory diseases, but, like many other bee products, propolis can cause severe allergic reactions. The tincture purchased at the pharmacy must be diluted in the proportion of 1 ml of propolis to 20 ml of saline solution.
  • To treat chronic runny nose and other types of colds, you can use a remedy from the arsenal of homeopathy - the drug Tonsilgon. It consists of a very successful combination of medicinal herbs and has a pronounced effect against runny nose and cough, as well as sore throat. For children of the first year of life, it is diluted in the ratio of 1 ml of product to 3 ml of saline; for children from 12 months to 7 years, dilution is carried out according to the formula 1:2, and for adolescents and adults the drug is diluted with an equal amount of saline.

When coughing

Only a doctor can choose the right medicine for inhalation for a cough, depending on the cause of its occurrence.

A variety of nebulized medications can be used to treat a cough, including the following:

  • Physiological salt solution 0.9%.
  • Alkaline mineral waters.

Drugs that improve coughing and reduce the viscosity of sputum (mucolytics). The most popular and effective drugs used are Ambrobene, Lazolvan, Ambroxol, Ambrohexal and many others.

If the cough is caused by bronchospasms, you will need to add bronchodilators - drugs that can dilate the bronchi, which helps clear them of mucus and reduce cough.

If the infection causing the cough is bacterial, your doctor may recommend the use of antibiotics.

We remind you that antibiotics are not only powerless against viral or fungal infections, but can also cause serious harm. That is why before using such serious means, especially for a child, it is necessary to obtain specialist advice and strictly follow it.

Useful video - Nebulizer inhalations: benefits of treatment

If the cough is caused by an allergic reaction, you need to take medications prescribed by your doctor, and also use nebulizer inhalations with special drugs - cromones, for example, Cromohexal. In uncomplicated cases, ordinary alkaline mineral water helps well - it quickly relieves spasms of the larynx, softens the mucous membranes and reduces the manifestations of allergies.

For sore throat

Before using various medications, you need to find out the cause of your sore throat. If it is due to a bacterial infection, the use of antibiotics will be required, but other nebulized medications will be effective for mechanical throat irritation from severe coughing and mucus running down the back of the larynx.

It is good to combine inhalations with rinsing with the same drugs - Chlorophyllipt and Furacilin, which are also used for a runny nose, have proven themselves well.

In some cases, doctors may recommend the use of hormonal drugs that have the ability to relieve inflammation and swelling of the mucous membranes, which causes severe sore throat. Self-administering medications such as Pulmicort and many others without a doctor’s prescription can be very dangerous.

For bronchitis

Nebulizer inhalations help quickly cure any type of bronchitis

This disease can be very painful and protracted, and therefore requires timely and proper treatment.

To relieve attacks of the disease, medications for inhalation with a nebulizer must be used in a certain sequence:

  • Bronchodilators are used first. They dilate the bronchi and help clear them of accumulated mucus.
  • Then, after 10 or 15 minutes, inhalation is performed with mucolytics, which thin the sputum and help its more active secretion.
  • After the body has cleared the maximum amount of sputum, you can inhale an antibiotic or an anti-inflammatory drug, depending on what exactly is prescribed by the attending physician.

It must be remembered that antibiotics and hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs cannot be nebulized using ultrasonic nebulizers. For bronchitis, drugs such as Salbutamol and Ventolin, which are available in nebulas, are well recommended - a ready-made drug already diluted with saline solution in special capsules, which is very easy to use.

Medicines such as Berotek, Berodual and many others are also used.

For a very strong dry cough, which causes serious suffering for patients with laryngitis, viral tracheitis and lung cancer, the doctor may prescribe lidocaine inhalation using a nebulizer. This 2% concentration drug is used twice a day, unless otherwise advised by the doctor.

Contraindications for inhalations

At elevated body temperatures, inhalation is prohibited!

Direct contraindications for the use of any medicine for inhalation with a nebulizer are the following conditions and diseases:

  • Allergy to the drug or individual intolerance to the drug.
  • Severe, acute or chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, a history of heart attack or stroke (within the last six months), cerebrovascular accident due to atherosclerosis, hypertension.
  • Dangerous lesions of the respiratory organs: pneumothorax with relapses, pulmonary enphysema, cavernous cavities in the lungs due to tuberculosis or oncological processes, severe pulmonary failure and other serious problems with the respiratory system.
  • Varying degrees of arrhythmia.
  • Tendency to nosebleeds, increased fragility of blood vessels.
  • Hemoptysis in various diseases.
  • The presence of purulent discharge in the sputum.
  • High body temperature. Any increase in temperature above subfebrile (37.5) is an indication for discontinuation of inhalation.

The use of a nebulizer is very convenient and practical, but it requires careful attention and careful selection of medications in order to cure the patient, and not harm him with incorrectly or illiterately prescribed drugs.

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Comments (3)

01/22/2017 at 09:16 pm | #

The pediatrician selected our medications and prescribed a nebulizer regimen of 20 drops of Prospan and diluted with saline. Do these inhalations five times a day for several days. We ourselves didn’t notice how the cough ended!

Stephanie

02/16/2017 at 14:40 | #

As I understand it, many doctors now recommend inhalations. Our pediatrician also prescribed Prospan in drops for our son. The dose for children is less - 15 drops, he is 6 years old. The medicine penetrates deep into the respiratory tract and facilitates expectoration.

03/09/2017 at 21:13 | #

Stefania, we were prescribed it a few days ago, it’s good that we have a nebulizer. We have been breathing it for four days now and the cough has gotten so wet, a lot of phlegm is coming out. I think a few more days and the cough will end.

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Answers to questions about inhalers

Which inhaler should you choose?

Please tell me in more detail which inhaler to choose?

The inhaler has stopped working - no steam is coming out.

Hello! We have had the Micrplife NEB 50 inhaler since July 2011, it worked well, but today I was unable to treat the child because... no steam came out at all. Tell me the reason?

Is it possible to use the medicine BERODUAL in a children's compressor nebulizer?

I bought a children's locomotive inhaler and would like to know if it is possible to use the medicine BERODUAL in it?

The use of essential oils, herbal infusions and mineral water in the Microlife NEB 10 compressor inhaler

The description says that you can use both herbal infusions and oils. But which ones and in what proportions (for the upper respiratory tract)? How is mineral water used? If possible, I would like to receive a complete list of so-called “recipes”.

Using water (ordinary, mineral) in a compressor inhaler.

Please tell us about the use of water (ordinary, mineral) in a compressor inhaler. Thank you. Olga

Inhaler "Miracle steam". The strong smell of plastic is very disturbing.

I purchased the Miracle Steam inhaler. The strong smell of plastic or silicone (I don’t know what the masks are made of) is very disturbing. Very strong smell. The room is not even ventilated.

Inhalations for laryngitis and adenoid

Which inhaler or nebulizer is best to use for laryngitis and adenoid?

Can oil preparations be used in a compressor inhaler?

Child 7 years old (and 3 years old). Adenoids of 2-3 degrees therefore often suffer from a runny nose (cough). What do you recommend? And what oil is used for inhalation? At what age can inhalations be done (for the future - there is a baby in the family).

Is it possible to give a child inhalations at a temperature of 38?

We bought a Microlife NEB10 inhaler, the child got sick, we wanted to do inhalations, but a friend said that we should first check with a specialist. Tell me, is it possible to give a child inhalations if he has a temperature of 38?

Duration of inhalation

How long should the inhalation last for the most effective treatment?

Question about inhalers: how to inhale, through the mouth or through the nose?

Please tell me when using an inhaler for which diseases it is better to inhale the medicine through the mouth, and for which through the nose?

Choosing an inhaler for the whole family

Good afternoon An inhaler is needed for the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory infections and acute respiratory viral infections (larynx, bronchi), i.e. upper and lower respiratory tracts. paths for adults and children.

Acute, dry cough in a child. What can you give her as a softener?

Help with advice, the child has a sharp, dry cough. But not coming. Almost expectorant, but apparently there is nothing to expectorate yet. Please give me some advice - what can I give her as a softener?

Inhaler for taking antibiotics

Which inhaler can be used when prescribing antibiotics?

Inhalations for sinusitis

Are inhalations effective for sinusitis? Which inhalers are best to use?

Inhalations for a runny nose.

Please tell us in detail about inhalations for a runny nose. The child has constantly had a runny nose since he was two years old.

How to treat bronchitis in a child?

Good afternoon, could you please advise us on how to treat bronchitis in a child? Thank you

Inhalations with herbal infusions. Olga

Please explain how to inhale with herbal remedies. Olga

How to use a children's inhaler?

A very interesting solution, but I would like to know how the children's inhaler "Locomotive" is used.

How often should inhalations be done?

How often should inhalations be done?

Can everyone in the family use the same inhaler?

Can everyone in the family use the same inhaler? Or do I need to have some custom attachments?

How easy is it to inhale the drug from an inhaler?

Yana, 42 years old. Tell me, how easy is it to inhale the drug from an inhaler?

Which inhalation therapy to choose for bronchitis?

Which inhalation therapy is preferable for bronchitis?

How to treat allergies with an inhaler?

How can allergies be treated with an inhaler?

Can an inhaler cause harm?

Tell me, can inhalation therapy be harmful?

Where are inhalers used?

Explain where inhalers are used?

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What is an effective drug for bronchial asthma during flowering?

Asthma and cough tablets

Good afternoon, does it make sense to take cough drops if you have asthma?

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The inhaler mask causes a child to cough.

Hello, the fact is that the masks from the B.Well WN116U inhaler have a strong smell and cause a cough in the child.

Can essential oils be used in inhalers?

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Source: http://www.alpha-medica.ru/?pid=62&sid=150

Nebulizer therapy

Patient's Guide. You can learn about what a nebulizer is, what diseases can be treated with its help, how to carry out inhalation correctly, how to choose a nebulizer, and much more about the modern method of inhalation therapy from this article.

NEBULISER THERAPY IS MODERN AND SAFE.

In the treatment of respiratory diseases, the most effective and modern method is inhalation therapy. Inhalation of medications through a nebulizer is one of the most reliable and simplest treatment methods. The use of nebulizers in the treatment of respiratory diseases is gaining increasing recognition among doctors and patients.

To make the medicine easier to penetrate into the respiratory tract, it should be converted into an aerosol. A nebulizer is a chamber in which a medicinal solution is sprayed into an aerosol and delivered into the patient’s respiratory tract. The healing aerosol is created due to certain forces. Such forces can be air flow (compressor nebulizers) or ultrasonic vibrations of the membrane (ultrasonic nebulizers).

The modern approach to the treatment of respiratory diseases involves delivering drugs directly to the respiratory tract through the widespread use of inhaled forms of drugs. The capabilities of the nebulizer have dramatically expanded the scope of inhalation therapy. Now it has become available to patients of all ages (from infancy to old age). It can be performed during periods of exacerbation of chronic diseases (primarily bronchial asthma), in situations where the patient has a significantly reduced inhalation rate (young children, postoperative patients, patients with severe somatic diseases) both at home and in a hospital setting.

Nebulizer therapy has advantages over other types of inhalation therapy:

  • It can be used at any age, since the patient is not required to adjust his breathing to the operation of the device and at the same time perform any actions, for example, pressing the canister, holding the inhaler, etc., which is especially important in young children.
  • The absence of the need to take a strong breath allows the use of nebulizer therapy in cases of severe attacks of bronchial asthma, as well as in elderly patients.
  • Nebulizer therapy allows the use of drugs in effective doses without side effects.
  • This therapy provides a continuous and rapid supply of medication using a compressor.
  • It is the safest method of inhalation therapy, since it does not use, unlike metered-dose aerosol inhalers, propellants (solvents or carrier gases).
  • This is a modern and comfortable method of treating bronchopulmonary diseases in children and adults.

What diseases can be treated with a nebulizer?

The drug sprayed by an inhaler begins to act almost immediately, which makes it possible to use nebulizers, first of all, for the treatment of diseases that require immediate intervention - asthma, allergies.

(primarily, nebulizers are used to treat diseases that require immediate intervention - asthma, allergies).

Another group of diseases for which inhalations are simply necessary are chronic inflammatory processes of the respiratory tract, such as chronic rhinitis, chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, chronic broncho-obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, etc.

But their scope of application is not limited to this. They are good for the treatment of acute respiratory diseases, laryngitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis, fungal infections of the upper respiratory tract, and the immune system.

Inhalers help with occupational diseases of singers, teachers, miners, and chemists.

In what cases is a nebulizer needed at home:

  • In a family where there is a child who is susceptible to frequent colds, bronchitis (including those occurring with broncho-obstructive syndrome), for the complex treatment of cough with difficult to separate sputum, treatment of stenosis.
  • Families with patients with chronic or often recurrent bronchopulmonary diseases (bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis).

What medications can be used in a nebulizer.

For nebulizer therapy, there are special solutions of drugs that are produced in bottles or plastic containers - nebulas. The volume of the medicine together with the solvent for one inhalation is 2-5 ml. Calculation of the required amount of medication depends on the age of the patient. First, 2 ml of saline solution is poured into the nebulizer, then the required number of drops of medicine is added. Distilled water should not be used as a solvent, as it can provoke bronchospasm, which will lead to coughing and difficulty breathing during the procedure. Pharmacy packaging with medications is stored in the refrigerator (unless otherwise indicated) closed. After the pharmaceutical package has been opened, the drug must be used within two weeks. It is advisable to write down the date on which you started using the drug on the bottle. Before use, the medicine must be warmed to room temperature.

For nebulizer therapy the following can be used:

  1. mucolytics and mucoregulators (drugs for thinning sputum and improving expectoration): Ambrohexal, Lazolvan, Ambrobene, Fluimucil;
  2. bronchodilators (drugs that dilate the bronchi): Berodual, Ventolin, Berotek, Salamol.
  3. glucocorticoids (hormonal drugs with multilateral effects, primarily anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous): Pulmicort (suspension for nebulizers);
  4. cromones (antiallergic drugs, mast cell membrane stabilizers): Cromohexal Nebula;
  5. antibiotics: Fluimucil antibiotic;
  6. alkaline and saline solutions: 0.9% saline solution, Borjomi mineral water

Your attending physician should prescribe the drug and tell you about the rules for its use. He must also monitor the effectiveness of treatment.

Not recommended for use with nebulizers:

all solutions containing oils, suspensions and solutions containing suspended particles, including decoctions and infusions of herbs, as well as solutions of aminophylline, papaverine, platiphylline, diphenhydramine and the like, as not having points of application on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract.

What side effects are possible with nebulizer therapy?

When breathing deeply, symptoms of hyperventilation (dizziness, nausea, cough) may appear. It is necessary to stop inhalation, breathe through your nose and calm down. After the symptoms of hyperventilation disappear, inhalation through a nebulizer can be continued.

During inhalation, as a reaction to the administration of the sprayed solution, coughing may occur. In this case, it is also recommended to stop inhalation for a few minutes.

Inhalation technique using a nebulizer

  • Before handling your inhaler, you should (always) carefully
  • wash your hands with soap, because... there may be pathogenic microbes on the skin.
  • Assemble all parts of the nebulizer according to the instructions
  • Pour the required amount of medicinal substance into the nebulizer cup, preheating it to room temperature.
  • Close the nebulizer and attach the face mask, mouthpiece or nasal cannula.
  • Connect the nebulizer and compressor using a hose.
  • Turn on the compressor and inhale for 7-10 minutes or until the solution is completely consumed.
  • Turn off the compressor, disconnect the nebulizer and disassemble it.
  • Wash all parts of the nebulizer with hot water or 15% baking soda solution. Brushes and squeegees should not be used.
  • Sterilize the disassembled nebulizer in a steam sterilization device, such as a thermal disinfector (steam sterilizer) designed for treating baby bottles. Sterilization by boiling for at least 10 minutes is also possible. Disinfection must be carried out once a week.
  • The thoroughly cleaned and dried nebulizer should be stored in a clean napkin or towel.

Basic rules for inhalation

  • Inhalations are carried out no earlier than 1-1.5 hours after eating or significant physical activity.
  • During the course of inhalation treatment, doctors prohibit smoking. In exceptional cases, before and after inhalation, it is recommended to stop smoking for an hour.
  • Inhalations should be taken in a calm state, without being distracted by reading or talking.
  • Clothing should not restrict the neck or make breathing difficult.
  • For diseases of the nasal tract, inhalation and exhalation must be done through the nose (nasal inhalation), breathing calmly, without tension.
  • For diseases of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, it is recommended to inhale the aerosol through the mouth (oral inhalation), breathing deeply and evenly. After taking a deep breath through your mouth, you should hold your breath for 2 seconds, and then exhale completely through your nose; in this case, the aerosol from the oral cavity enters further into the pharynx, larynx and further into the deeper parts of the respiratory tract.
  • Frequent deep breathing can cause dizziness, so periodically it is necessary to interrupt inhalation for a short time.
  • Before the procedure, you do not need to take expectorants or rinse your mouth with antiseptic solutions (potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, boric acid).
  • After any inhalation, and especially after inhalation of a hormonal drug, it is necessary to rinse your mouth with boiled water at room temperature (a small child can be given drink and food); if using a mask, rinse your eyes and face with water.
  • The duration of one inhalation should not exceed 7-10 minutes. Course of treatment with aerosol inhalations - from 6-8 to 15 procedures

What types of nebulizers are there?

Currently, three main types of inhalers are used in medical practice: steam, ultrasonic and compressor.

The action of steam inhalers is based on the effect of evaporation of the medicinal substance. It is clear that only volatile solutions (essential oils) can be used in them. The biggest disadvantage of steam inhalers is the low concentration of the inhaled substance, usually less than the threshold for therapeutic effects, as well as the inability to accurately dose the drug at home.

Ultrasonic and compressor are combined by the term “nebulizers” (from the Latin word “nebula” - fog, cloud); they generate not vapor, but an aerosol cloud consisting of microparticles of the inhaled solution. A nebulizer allows you to administer pure medications to all respiratory organs (nose, bronchi, lungs), without any impurities. The dispersion of aerosols produced by most nebulizers ranges from 0.5 to 10 microns. Particles with a diameter of 8-10 microns settle in the oral cavity and trachea, with a diameter from 5 to 8 microns - in the trachea and upper respiratory tract, from 3 to 5 microns - in the lower respiratory tract, from 1 to 3 microns - in bronchioles, from 0. 5 to 2 microns – in the alveoli. Particles smaller than 5 microns are called the “respirable fraction” and have the maximum therapeutic effect.

Ultrasonic nebulizers spray the solution with high-frequency (ultrasonic) vibrations of the membrane. They are compact, silent, and do not require replacement of nebulization chambers. The percentage of aerosol that reaches the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract exceeds 90%, and the average size of aerosol particles is 4-5 microns. Thanks to this, the required drug in the form of an aerosol in high concentration reaches the small bronchi and bronchioles.

The choice of ultrasonic nebulizers is more preferable in cases where the area of ​​action of the drug is small bronchi, and the drug is in the form of a saline solution. However, a number of drugs, such as antibiotics, hormonal drugs, mucolytics (thinning sputum), can be destroyed under the influence of ultrasound. These drugs are not recommended for use in ultrasonic nebulizers.

Compressor nebulizers form an aerosol cloud by forcing a powerful air stream pumped by a compressor through a narrow opening in a chamber containing a medicinal solution. The principle of using compressed air in compressor nebulizers is the “gold standard” of inhalation therapy. The main advantage of compressor nebulizers is their versatility and relative cheapness, they are more accessible and can spray almost any solution intended for inhalation.

Compressor nebulizers have several types of chambers:

  • Русский
  • convection chambers with constant aerosol output;
  • breath-activated cameras;
  • breath-activated chambers with flow interrupter valve.

When inhaling medicinal substances through a nebulizer, it is necessary to take into account some features:

  • Русский
  • the optimal filling volume of the nebulizer chamber is at least 5 ml;
  • to reduce the loss of the drug at the end of inhalation, you can add 1 ml of saline solution to the chamber, after which, shaking the nebulizer chamber, continue inhalation;
  • When using inexpensive and accessible drugs, all types of nebulizers can be used, but when using more expensive drugs, the greatest effectiveness of inhalation therapy is provided by nebulizers activated by the patient's inspiration and equipped with a flow interrupter valve during the exhalation phase. These devices are especially effective in the treatment of bronchopulmonary diseases.

How to choose a nebulizer?

When treated with a nebulizer, the medicine is delivered to the respiratory tract. This particular treatment is intended for those who have a disease affecting the respiratory tract (rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc.). In addition, sometimes the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract is used to introduce drugs into the human body. The surface of the bronchial tree is very large, and many drugs, such as insulin, are actively absorbed through it.

The choice of inhaler depends on the disease you are going to treat and your financial capabilities.

In Russia, nebulizer manufacturers from Germany, Japan, and Italy represent their products on the medical equipment market. Unfortunately, there are no domestic manufacturers of compressor nebulizers yet. Detailed information about the technical characteristics of certain types of nebulizers can be obtained from Russian companies that sell them. When choosing a nebulizer, the requirements for the nebulizer and compressor are taken into account. For a compressor, the important factors are size, weight, operating noise, and ease of use. In all these parameters they differ slightly. But it should be noted that nebulizers from PARI GmbH (Germany) are distinguished by traditionally high German quality, exceptional efficiency and long service life. They ensure maximum deposition of medications in the respiratory tract due to optimal aerosol dispersion.

Perhaps the main attention should be paid to the type of sprayer. Nebulizers equipped with a direct-flow nebulizer make sense to use in young children, since they do not have enough inspiratory force to activate the valves (and thus save medicine). For inhalation, children under 3 years of age should use a children's mask. Adults can also use this type of sprayer, because... It is initially equipped with a mouthpiece.

Breath-activated nebulizers have inhalation and exhalation valves that are activated alternately throughout the act of breathing. When using them, less aerosol is formed on exhalation, resulting in significant savings in medication.

There are also nebulizers that have a nebulizer equipped with a tee tube (aerosol flow interrupter), which allows you to regulate the formation of aerosol only during inhalation by blocking the side opening of the tee.

Various types of attachments are used with the nebulizer: mouthpieces, nasal cannulas (tubes), masks in adult and child sizes.

  • Mouthpieces (adults and children) are optimal for delivering medications deep into the lungs; they are used for inhalation by adult patients, as well as children over 5 years old.
  • Masks are convenient for treating the upper respiratory tract and allow you to irrigate all parts of the nasal cavity, pharynx, as well as the larynx and trachea. When using a mask, most of the aerosols settle in the upper respiratory tract. Masks are needed when using nebulizer therapy in children under 3 years of age, since it is impossible to carry out inhalations in such patients through a mouthpiece - children breathe mainly through the nose (this is due to the anatomy of the child’s body). It is necessary to use a mask of the appropriate size. Using a tight-fitting mask reduces aerosol loss in young children. If the child is over 5 years old, it is better to use a mouthpiece rather than a mask.
  • Nasal cannulas (tubes) are needed to deliver a medicinal aerosol into the nasal cavity. They can be used in the complex treatment of acute and chronic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis

Buying a nebulizer for yourself and your loved ones is the right and reasonable decision. You have acquired a reliable assistant and friend

Source: http://www.allergodom.ru/articles/art34/

Steam inhalations, nebulizer and inhaler

general information

Sometimes, in an effort to quickly get rid of a runny nose or cough with the help of medications, we completely forget that there are other equally effective treatment methods. For example, a procedure such as inhalation in some cases will help faster than any cough medicine or nasal drops.

In addition, many doctors themselves recommend that their patients with pharyngitis, bronchitis, laryngitis, as well as bronchial asthma, use inhalation to treat and alleviate the symptoms of these diseases at home. It is worth noting that there are now several types of inhalers on sale, including new generation ultrasonic nebulizers, which are easy to use and effective.

What is inhalation?

Literally translated from Latin, the name of this procedure sounds like “I inhale.” In principle, this one word contains the whole meaning of inhalation, which is a method of introducing medicine into the human body, based on inhaling vapors of medical agents.

The main advantage of this procedure can be considered the speed of delivery of drugs into the respiratory tract, which contributes to the onset of a rapid therapeutic effect. In addition, during inhalation, the risk of developing allergic reactions is reduced, since medications reach their target without bypassing the human digestive system.

It is interesting that inhalation is not only artificial, i.e. one in which specialized devices (inhalers) are used, but also natural.

In times before inhalers, people went to seaside resorts or spent more time in the forest to saturate their bodies with beneficial compounds present in the air.

The advantage of this method of treatment is that during inhalation the absorption time of drugs is significantly reduced. As a result, the patient feels relief faster, since the local effect from using the inhaler occurs almost instantly.

Indications for inhalation are:

In addition, inhalations are used in the prevention of postoperative complications, as well as in the treatment of patients with HIV during the respiratory stage of the disease.

Among the main contraindications for this procedure are:

It is worth noting that in some cases it is extremely undesirable to use inhalation as a treatment method, since it can greatly aggravate the patient’s condition. We are talking, for example, about sore throat, frontal sinusitis or sinusitis, as well as otitis media in children.

Often, even with pneumonia, doctors do not recommend using inhalers. In addition, it is not recommended to use this method at elevated body temperatures.

There are several types of procedure:

  • wet inhalation, in which the temperature of the drug in the form of a solution is maintained constantly at 30 C;
  • steam inhalation;
  • thermal-moist inhalation, in which the temperature of the medicine cannot be higher than 40C.

It is important to remember that infants can only have wet inhalation and only with the permission of the attending pediatrician. The steam procedure is dangerous for children, since there is a high probability of burns to the upper respiratory tract.

From the age of one year, warm-moist inhalations can be used to treat a child, but also only after preliminary medical consultation. In principle, any movement of parents aimed at treating children must be agreed upon with a specialist.

Inhalation, as a medicine for cough and runny nose, helps:

  • improve blood circulation in the mucous membranes of the larynx and sinuses;
  • liquefy the secretion that forms in the pharynx, larynx, and nasal passages during illness;
  • removing secretions from the nasal sinuses, which ultimately helps to significantly alleviate the patient’s condition, as nasal congestion goes away;
  • moisturize inflamed mucous membranes of the nose and throat.

In addition, when using medicinal solutions for inhalation, this procedure has an expectorant, antibacterial, bronchodilator, decongestant, and anti-inflammatory effect. At the moment, there are two main methods of inhalation.

The first one is well known to many people, since it does not require any specialized devices. We think every second person has done steam inhalation at least once using a container of hot water or over a pan of freshly boiled potatoes.

The second method will require special devices - an inhaler or nebulizer. A little later we will discuss whether a nebulizer or an inhaler is better, as well as what types of these devices you can buy and how to use them correctly.

Now let's talk about what inhalation solutions for runny nose and cough can be used at home? How to make the solution yourself and how to use it when you have a cough or runny nose? It is important to emphasize that before using any medicine, including inhalation mixtures, you should consult your doctor.

In addition, you should strictly follow the instructions for using the mixture for inhalation. This is actually very important, since any medicine can both cure and harm if used incorrectly.

For a runny nose and nasal congestion, as well as for sinusitis, inhalations will be effective:

It is worth noting that inhalations with Dexamethasone for children, as well as with Pulmicort, are permissible only in case of real need, these drugs are classified as glucocorticoids and they contain hormonal compounds.

Perhaps the simplest and most affordable solution that you can prepare yourself at home and use for a runny nose and cough is saline solution. For inhalations, you can use a ready-made saline solution of sodium chloride purchased at a pharmacy, the price of which is very affordable in comparison with other medications used for this procedure.

Or you can prepare the medicine yourself, since the composition of the saline solution actually consists of two main components - water and salt. Surprisingly at first glance, sea salt, and later table salt, has been used in medicine for thousands of years.

Saline solution is an indispensable medical product that is used for therapy, for example, as a dropper in case of dehydration or as a blood replacement in emergency cases, because it is a mixture of salt and distilled water that is close in composition to blood plasma.

In addition, saline solution is considered an effective antimicrobial agent; it is also used to dilute medications to the desired concentration and use it to rinse contact lenses.

What’s noteworthy is that when you have a runny nose, you can not only breathe saline solution through an inhaler, but also use it to rinse your sinuses.

There are several options for the composition of saline solution (more precisely, the proportions of water and salt), each of which is best suited for a particular purpose. However, according to doctors, when performing nasal inhalations at home, you can use any version of the composition of the drug.

Although it is still advisable to use a 0.9% sodium chloride solution for this procedure. As we said above, saline solution is ideal for rinsing the nose with a runny nose at home; it is used for inhalation for sore throat, pharyngitis, obstructive bronchitis, tracheitis and laryngotracheitis, as well as for inflammatory processes in the lungs and bronchi in acute and chronic stage.

Which will ultimately make breathing easier, reduce the intensity of coughing and stop the inflammatory process. When coughing, you can mix with saline such expectorants, decongestants and antiseptics of natural origin as honey, tincture of calendula and propolis, decoctions of chamomile, licorice root or St. John's wort, essential oils of lemon balm, eucalyptus, mint and others.

If you are suffering from a runny nose and nasal congestion, then to the saline solution during inhalation you can add sea buckthorn oil, Kalanchoe or aloe juice (if there is no allergy), tea tree oil, eucalyptus or geranium, propolis tincture, as well as medications such as Interferon, Furacilin, Tonsilgon, Pinosol and Malavit.

Rizosin, Aqua-Rinosol, Salin, AquaMaster, as well as alkaline or non-carbonated mineral water, for example, Borjomi, can have a similar effect to saline solution.

Inhalation with saline solution for children

Saline solution for inhalation for children can be used, since this product contains components that are safe for children - salt and water. However, do not forget about the prescribed dosages for children. In addition, it is important to understand that the effect of saline solution depends on the type of inhaler.

With steam inhalation, the drug can only affect the upper respiratory tract, but using a nebulizer can also treat lower parts of the respiratory system. It is better to ask your pediatrician about how to carry out the procedure and how many times a day you can do it, as well as how much saline solution to pour into the child’s inhaler.

After all, only a specialist can prescribe competent treatment depending on the type of disease. Inhalations with saline solution are not prohibited even for infants, but one must remember that the temperature of the solution for children under three years of age should not be more than 30 C, from three to four years - no more than 40 C, for a child aged four years and older - 52 S.

It is believed that saline solution for cough inhalation for children can be used up to twice a day when performing the procedure on a child under two years of age; up to three times a day if your child is between two and six years old and up to four times if your child is over six years old. Moreover, the duration of inhalation in the first two cases should not exceed a maximum of three minutes, and from the age of six, a child can breathe saline solution for up to ten minutes.

Inhalation with soda

Soda solution is another type of widely available and truly effective inhalation mixtures. It is noteworthy that its use has a direct effect on the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx. The steam warms and moisturizes the mucous membranes, and also kills harmful microbes that cause disease.

Soda diluted in water (sometimes sea or table salt is also added) will give a positive result if a person has a wet or dry cough, bronchitis, runny nose, and laryngitis.

Baking soda has a mucolytic effect, which helps to liquefy secretions and remove them from the respiratory tract.

After just a few inhalations with soda, a person will notice a positive effect; it will actually become easier for him to breathe, because the medicinal solution improves bronchial patency and helps reduce the intensity of the cough.

Inhalations with Ambrobene

The inhalation solution with Ambrobene is considered one of the most effective remedies, which has a minimum of contraindications and a maximum of beneficial properties. This affordable mucolytic agent can be used either alone or in combination with other medications, for example, saline.

Ambobene will be an indispensable remedy for tonsillitis, bronchitis, as well as for severe runny nose or cough due to a cold. Ambroxol hydrochloride, which is part of the drug, helps remove mucus from the respiratory tract, thus relieving cough. This drug is recommended for inhalation, since this method of use reduces the risk of side effects.

The drug bypasses the digestive system and is immediately “transported” to the bronchi using an inhaler. The medicinal effect of Ambrobene will be noticeable after just one procedure. The attending physician will help you choose the correct dosage of the drug; without prior consultation with whom you should not inhale in order to avoid side effects such as vomiting, excessive salivation, an allergic reaction in the form of a rash and difficulty breathing, diarrhea and nausea.

In addition, Ambrobene has the following contraindications:

Which inhaler is better?

We talked about what to do inhalations with and discussed the most popular solutions for the procedure. Now let's talk about what inhalers are and how to choose the most suitable device for inhalation. And also: how to make an inhaler at home if you don’t have a special device at hand.

An inhaler is a specialized device that is designed to introduce medications into the human body using a procedure such as inhalation. The following types of devices are distinguished:

  • a steam inhaler is a device for performing steam inhalations, in which the therapeutic effect is achieved by evaporating the drug and inhaling it with steam;
  • a compressor inhaler is a device equipped with a compressor that forms an aerosol cloud from a medicinal solution;
  • an ultrasonic inhaler or nebulizer is a device that can also spray a medicinal solution for inhalation in the form of an aerosol, but not due to the built-in compressor, but using a special ultrasonic emitter;
  • a saline inhaler is a device that, when exposed to it, delivers particles of a saline solution based on sea salt into the lower and upper respiratory tract of a person;
  • A mesh inhaler is an electronic mesh device that forms an aerosol cloud of a medical product by passing it through a vibrating membrane.

Steam inhalers

These are the simplest and most widespread devices for inhalation. It is noteworthy that this particular type of device can be easily replaced at home with a container of hot water and obtain a similar therapeutic effect.

What is also important is that steam models are much cheaper than other types of inhalers, and they are also easy to use. As they say, even a child can handle them.

It is also important to emphasize that for inhalation using a steam inhaler, you do not need to buy special medications at the pharmacy, as, for example, for a nebulizer. For the procedure, you can use various decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs, of course, if you are not allergic to them.

Another important advantage of this variety is that steam inhalation warms up the nasal sinuses. However, this device has a number of disadvantages, for example, a steam inhaler is not always suitable for children.

For example, doctors do not recommend using this device to treat children under three years of age. In addition, for some types of diseases, the additional thermal effect from inhalation is absolutely undesirable.

Parents often ask the question of whether it is possible to give inhalations to children with fever. So, elevated body temperature is a contraindication to the use of a steam inhaler; you should also not use the device if you have vascular diseases.

Another important negative point can be considered the impossibility of using many specialized medicinal solutions during steam inhalation, without which it is impossible to do in the treatment of a number of serious diseases of the body’s respiratory system. The operating principle of a steam inhaler is very simple.

As we said above, it can be replaced using a container of hot water, into which a medicinal solution is added and the steam is inhaled, covering the head with a towel. So, the solution for inhalation is poured into the main compartment of the steam inhaler. The mixture is heated to a certain temperature, evaporates, the steam rises through the tube and the person inhales it through the mouth.

The simplest models of inhaler do not require regulation of the temperature of the solution, which excludes the possibility of their use for treating young children. However, in more advanced models, you can select the heating temperature of the mixture for inhalation, and such steam cough inhalers for children are acceptable for use.

Reviews of people who have already tried certain models of the device will help answer the question of which inhaler is better. Perhaps the most popular is the Romashka steam inhaler, which is produced by the Berdsk Electromechanical Plant (RF). We think that this device is familiar to many from early childhood.

Currently, you can purchase a steam inhaler Romashka-3. This device, already in its third generation, has become an indispensable assistant for many, and not only in the treatment of diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The steam inhaler is also suitable for use in home cosmetology.

In accordance with the instructions for use, this steam device can be used:

  • for the treatment of colds by inhalation using decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs;
  • for improving the skin of the face and neck;
  • for aromatherapy;
  • to humidify indoor air.

The following inhalation solutions are suitable for the steam inhaler:

  • saline (a mixture of table or sea salt and water);
  • soda (a mixture of soda and water, you can add salt);
  • saline;
  • decoctions of medicinal herbs based on pharmaceutical preparations of calendula, chamomile, sage, licorice, plantain and others;
  • essential oils.

It is important to emphasize that it is advisable to inquire from a pediatrician about which children's inhaler is better. Not all types of steam inhalers are suitable for children. As we mentioned above, for each age it is worth selecting the appropriate type of inhalation (steam, wet, thermal-moist) and, accordingly, a device for this procedure.

Let's talk about how much the inhaler costs. The price will depend on the manufacturer, as well as on the functionality of the device. For example, a steam inhaler WN -18 “Miracle Steam” from B. Well (Great Britain) will cost an average of 3,000 rubles, and the domestic “Romashka” is half that price.

Inhalation with a nebulizer

A nebulizer is a specialized device for inhalation, based on the use of a dispersed ultra-small spray of highly active medicinal substances, which enter the patient’s respiratory tract through a mouthpiece (breathing tube) or mask. This type of inhaler is considered more progressive and effective.

It's all about the principle of operation of the device. Since the device forms an aerosol cloud of medicine for inhalation with a nebulizer, its vapors penetrate into all parts of the respiratory system, which makes it possible to treat a wide range of diseases using the procedure. In addition, medications for the nebulizer are quickly absorbed and hit the target, i.e. into the upper or lower respiratory tract, without “getting lost” along the way in the nasal cavity.

Which nebulizer is better?

Before answering the question, it is worth understanding what types of devices there are, as well as what their strengths and weaknesses are. So, the following types of nebulizers are distinguished:

  • Convection devices are the most common type of device, during the operation of which an aerosol cloud is continuously formed. Medicines enter the human body when inhaled, and when exhaled, the aerosol enters the external environment. As a result, about 70% of the generated drug vapors are lost.
  • Venturi nebulizers are devices that are activated by inhalation, i.e. The aerosol is constantly being formed, just as with a convection nebulizer, but it is released only when a person inhales. The main advantage of this type can be considered a reduction in the loss of vapors of the medicinal solution for inhalation inhaled by the patient, which helps to increase the effectiveness of therapy using a neulizer and reduce the operating time of the device.
  • Nebulizers synchronized with breathing are dosimetric devices that form an aerosol cloud only during inhalation, which makes it possible to significantly save the medicinal solution for inhalation.
  • Jet or compressor devices are devices that convert liquid medications into a fine cloud of aerosols using oxygen or air. Such devices consist of a compressor, which acts as a generator of an aerosol cloud and a sprayer. The compressor type of inhalers differs from other devices not only in technical characteristics (the presence of a compressor that produces an aerosol cloud from a medicinal solution for inhalation), but also in the features of application. Many people wonder what medications can be used with a compressor inhaler. After all, for a steam device, in principle, no specialized medical means for inhalation are provided. In the case of a compressor apparatus, everything is much simpler. There are simply no restrictions for this versatile inhaler. This means that when using it for inhalation, you can safely use both traditional herbal infusions, saline or soda solution, and medications with mucolytic, bronchodilator, antitussive, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties. It is important to emphasize that in the case of correctly selected medications, it is compressor inhalers for bronchial asthma, tracheitis, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (hereinafter referred to as COPD) and many other respiratory tract diseases that can provide a stable and rapid therapeutic effect. This type of inhaler is safe for children of any age. True, not all compressor inhalers are suitable for the use of oil-based drugs and essential oils. It's all about the design features of the devices. However, there are universal devices that are “not afraid” of medicines of any composition.
  • Ultrasonic nebulizers are devices that use ultrasound, namely the energy of high-frequency vibrations of piezocrystals, to convert an inhalation mixture into vapor. In comparison with a compressor device, an ultrasonic device benefits from silent operation, portability, as well as the constancy and uniformity of aerosol cloud particles. However, these models have a number of significant drawbacks. For example, during operation of an ultrasonic nebulizer, the chemical structure of the drug used for inhalation may be destroyed due to an increase in temperature. As a result, therapy with such a modified medical product may be ineffective. It is also important to note that not all nebulizer solutions are suitable for use in an ultrasound device, for example, viscous oil medications or suspensions.

So, it is advisable to draw a conclusion about which nebulizer is better based on the reviews of people who have tried various types of devices, and taking into account the above information about the technical characteristics, as well as the main disadvantages and advantages of the devices.

You need to think about which compression, ultrasonic or conventional convection nebulizer is better, and also choose such a device for home use, taking into account its average price and manufacturer. How much does a nebulizer cost?

The price of the device depends on its type, as well as the country of manufacture. On average, a nebulizer with a standard set of functions will cost rubles; there are also more budget models costing rubles, produced by less well-known companies. The cost of specialized or children's models in the form of animals, for example, can start from rubles.

Inhalation solutions for nebulizer

Before using any device, including a nebulizer, you should carefully read the instructions for its use. To carry out inhalation correctly, you need to not only know how to use the device, but also what medications can be poured into the nebulizer in order to obtain the expected therapeutic effect.

Let's talk in more detail about which medications are suitable for use as solutions for inhalers and nebulizers for coughs and other respiratory tract diseases. Let's answer the question about how to breathe with a runny nose through a nebulizer.

Medicines for inhalation for cough and runny nose

As we have repeatedly repeated above, inhalations for rhinitis effectively help both relieve the unpleasant symptoms of the disease and cure the very cause of the disease. Experts believe that using an inhaler with special solutions for a runny nose solves several important problems.

The device moisturizes the mucous membranes of the nose, makes the secretion less abundant and viscous, which helps remove it from the body, eliminates itching in the nasal passages, reduces swelling and softens crusts, which often interfere with small children's ability to sleep and eat peacefully.

There are enough recipes for nebulizer inhalation for a runny nose, for which both medications and traditional medicine are used.

Perhaps the most common recipe for a runny nose for children and adults is inhalation with mineral water, saline, salt or soda.

Mineral water or saline solution is the same weak alkaline or saline solution (sodium chloride), but only already prepared in the right proportion, suitable for inhalation.

A soda solution, to which sea salt is often added, also works great for a runny nose. They can be used to rinse the sinuses or be used through a nebulizer. It is worth noting that in modern pharmacies there is a ready-made solution for inhalation of sodium bicarbonate or “Soda-buffer”, the dosage of soda in which is adjusted to the milligram.

However, this solution must also be diluted with saline, otherwise the medicine cannot be used in a nebulizer. To enhance the therapeutic effect, medicinal herbs (chamomile, sage, eucalyptus leaves, plantain, bay leaf, mint, St. John's wort) and essential oils are added to the soda solution. Inhalations with chamomile or eucalyptus oil help not only with a runny nose, but also with other respiratory diseases.

You can also use anti-inflammatory drugs such as Rotokan or Malavit in the nebulizer. As indicated in the instructions for use of Rotokan and Malavit, the composition of the medicines includes mainly herbal components, for example, calendula extract, chamomile, yarrow, Siberian cedar resin, oak bark and others.

Therefore, these drugs can only be used if a person does not have allergies. In addition, inhalations with propolis (tincture) and eucalyptus (extract), which also have anti-inflammatory properties, will effectively help with a runny nose.

We talked about what inhalations to do when you have a runny nose, now let’s figure out how to breathe through a nebulizer when you have a dry cough, sore throat, or bronchitis. Let's start with the fact that for rhinitis, cough or sore throat, weakly alkaline and saline solutions are effective, which are easy to prepare and accessible to most.

In order to prepare such a mixture for inhalation, you need to have water (preferably distilled), sea or table salt or baking soda on hand. Ready-made analogues of the above-described products can be considered saline solution or mineral water. For inhalation, you can use ready-made breast mixtures sold in pharmacies.

However, you need to be extremely careful with them, as with other herbal medicines. You should not resort to infusions or decoctions of medicinal herbs if a person has allergies. For a strong suffocating cough, inhalations with Lazolvan will help, the dosage of which will be helped by the attending physician; for a dry cough - Beroduali, Berotek, Salbutamol, which are drugs that dilate the bronchi.

In addition, inhalations with Sinupret, as well as with slightly alkaline and saline solutions, will be effective.

In order for inhalation to bring the expected therapeutic effect, the procedure must be performed correctly. There are some important nuances, as well as contraindications and rules for inhalation, which you should learn about before using the inhaler.

Is it possible to do inhalations with a nebulizer at a fever? How long should the procedure take? How to breathe through the device correctly? How many times a day can inhalation be performed? How to use the inhaler? We will try to answer these and other questions further.

How to do inhalation

So, how to do inhalation correctly so that the procedure is beneficial. It is important to note that there are both general and specific rules for inhalation that apply to certain types of inhalers.

Let's start with some general recommendations:

  • The procedure is recommended to be carried out after meals, an hour and a half later;
  • When performing inhalation, you should not be distracted; it is recommended to concentrate on the procedure and inhale and exhale correctly;
  • After the procedure is completed, it is not recommended to eat, smoke, or go out into the cold air; in addition, you should refrain from talking;
  • Before using the inhaler for the first time, you should read the instructions for the device;
  • For the procedure, you should use medications prescribed by the doctor;
  • Before using inhalation solutions, it is advisable to check in advance whether you have an allergic reaction.

How often can the procedure be done and how to breathe correctly during inhalation? It is believed that it is optimal for adults to inhale 3-5 times a day; for children it is worth limiting it to 2 times.

To achieve a therapeutic effect, the duration of inhalation of drug vapors through an inhaler should not exceed 3 minutes for an adult and 1 minute for a child.

Immediately before inhalation, you need to take a deep breath and hold your breath for a while. In this way, you prepare the respiratory system for the procedure. Then exhale as much as possible and take the next inhalation over the inhaler.

If you need to cure a runny nose or eliminate nasal congestion and swelling using inhalation, then you need to inhale and exhale during the procedure exclusively through the nose. When your throat hurts or you have a cough, you should breathe through your mouth.

Why can’t it be done at inhalation temperature? When body temperature is elevated due to illness, any additional external temperature exposure (for example, a hot bath, hot weather or inhalation) significantly aggravates the person's condition.

In addition, the procedure is contraindicated in case of a tendency to bleeding, with sore throat in the stage of purulent inflammation, with diseases of the lungs and cardiovascular system, with spontaneous pneumothorax, with bullous emphysema, with cerebral atherosclerosis, as well as with individual intolerance to the components included in the inhalation solution .

How to do inhalation at home? First, it is worth deciding on the method of behavior of the procedure. If you don’t have an inhaler at hand at home, you can use a container, usually a saucepan or basin. The inhalation solution is poured directly into the container and, placing your head over it (be sure to cover it with a towel so that the steam does not evaporate so quickly), breathe for the required time.

Of course, an inhaler is a special device ideal for inhalation. However, the procedure with saline solution, soda or saline solution, as well as infusions and decoctions of medicinal herbs can be carried out without a specialized apparatus. It's a different matter when it comes to medications. For example, a nebulizer is better suited for inhalation with Lazolvan or other medications.

How to use a nebulizer for cough and runny nose

Above we talked about how to do inhalation correctly and settled on the general rules for this procedure. They will be relevant for any type of inhalers, including nebulizers. However, this type of device also has its own recommendations.

First, let's start with the fact that you should choose specialized medications for the nebulizer, and also avoid oil-based medications. Frequent use of essential oils leads to blockage of the lumens in the bronchi, which is fraught with “oil” pneumonia. In addition, you should not get carried away with decoctions of medicinal herbs, small particles of which can clog the device.

Secondly, all drug-based nebulizer solutions for coughs or runny noses must be prepared under sterile conditions (for this, the dishes should be pre-boiled) using 0.9% saline (sodium chloride) as a solvent.

Thirdly, it is undesirable to use ordinary water, even boiled, instead of saline solution. And lastly: it is better to use the prepared solution for the nebulizer immediately. However, if there is a need to store such a mixture, then it is worth remembering that the solution should be placed in the refrigerator for a maximum of 24 hours after preparation.

Before using it again during the day, the mixture is heated in a water bath to at least 20 C. You need to use the nebulizer carefully and be sure to wash your hands with soap before starting to work with the device. First, assemble the apparatus, and then prepare the solution. The resulting liquid is poured into a special compartment of the device and must be used immediately after preparation.

The duration of inhalation through a nebulizer can reach 10 minutes. As a rule, the device itself warns about the end of the procedure. The aerosol from the inhalation solution stops forming and flowing into the tube. After the procedure, you should thoroughly rinse the inhaler parts and dry them.

Nebulizer for children against cough and runny nose

As we said above, for coughs and runny noses in children, a nebulizer will become a faithful assistant for parents. True, children are reluctant to inhale; they are still too small and are simply afraid of the device, which looks a little scary. In addition, the procedure lasts a certain time, during which the child needs to sit still, and without being distracted by what is happening around him.

Otherwise, inhalation does not cure and becomes a waste of time. To top it all off, only certain types of devices, as well as specialized medications, can be used to treat children. The steam inhaler is strictly prohibited for use in the treatment of children under one year of age.

This is due to the structural features of the respiratory tract in infants; they are anatomically narrower than in older children. Under the influence of steam, the mucus in the respiratory tract swells and softens. However, the child does not yet know how to cough, so everything can end in an attack of suffocation.

For children, nebulizers are chosen - compressor, membrane or ultrasonic inhalers that convert the medicinal solution for inhalation into an aerosol cloud.

So, which nebulizer is best for a child? Compressor nebulizers are considered universal devices suitable for children of all ages.

They work due to the built-in compressor, which generates an aerosol that can penetrate even the deepest parts of the respiratory system. Compressor inhalers are suitable for both children and adults; they are equipped with masks of several sizes, as well as special attachments (mouthpiece, mouthpiece), which allows you to treat a wide range of diseases of the lower and upper respiratory tract.

An important advantage of compressor nebulizers is that many medications are suitable for their use, including those containing hormones or antibiotics, for example, Fluimucil. In addition, the device can be used in bedridden patients or in children from the first days of life and even during sleep.

It is also noteworthy that the presence in the device of adjusting the particle size of the aerosol cloud allows you to more accurately calculate the dosage of medicines. Among the most popular and well-proven compressor nebulizers are brands such as B.Well WN-117, LITTLE DOCTOR, Omron, MED2000, Ergopower, A&D, Delphinus.

The disadvantages of compressor inhalers include the following:

  • loud noise during operation;
  • the device is heavy and not at all compact in size, which is inconvenient when traveling;
  • To use oil-based preparations or essential oils, as well as decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs, you need to purchase certain models of compressor nebulizers.

Ultrasonic nebulizers are a more portable alternative to compressor nebulizers. As the name implies, this device forms an aerosol cloud of medical preparations using ultrasound. This inhaler is not noisy, and is also very compact, one might say pocket-sized. Therefore, it is convenient to take it with you on trips and use it in the car, since the device is equipped with a car adapter for recharging.

Thanks to the technical features of ultrasonic nebulizers, these devices are very productive and effective, because they can deliver a medicinal aerosol to the most distant parts of the respiratory system within minutes of use. The most popular ultrasonic nebulizers for children at the moment are Omron, LITTLE DOCTOR, B.Well, Amrus, AND UN, AMNB, MESH, MEDISANA, Rotor.

Ultrasonic models also have several significant disadvantages:

  • quite high cost;
  • Often, one or another nebulizer model has its own recipes for inhalation solutions;
  • only some models of ultrasonic inhalers can work with oil-based medications;
  • the inability to use this type of device in bedridden patients;
  • the need to periodically replace some consumables used in the device (cups for solution).

A membrane or mesh inhaler (Omron, B.Well, A&D, Little Doctor) operates on the basis of a membrane, which forms an aerosol cloud due to vibrations. This type of inhalation device operates silently, is compact in size and light in weight. In addition, the device can operate both from the mains and from AA batteries.

However, this model has one significant drawback - high cost. On average, a mesh inhaler will cost 9,000 rubles. True, it is precisely this advanced type of inhaler that experts advise parents whose children need constant inhalations to purchase.

In conclusion, I would like to note that each inhaler model has its own pros and cons and you should choose a device based on your individual needs. After all, there is no point in buying an expensive device that will be indispensable for allergy sufferers or people suffering from bronchial asthma if you need an inhaler a couple of times a year.

Some general tips for using nebulizers:

  • It is important to remember that certain ready-made inhalation solutions that can be purchased at the pharmacy are suitable for the nebulizer.
  • Not all devices are capable of working with oil-based medications or essential oils, therefore, if the nebulizer is not intended for such medical products, you should not test the device for strength. As a rule, the instructions for the device will contain a list of medications that can be used.
  • To avoid negative consequences for human health and the integrity of the device, it is prohibited to use dissolved capsules, tablets crushed in water or nasal drops for nebulizers, and you cannot add all of the above to a ready-made solution for inhalation, for example, saline, and so on.
  • All solutions for the nebulizer are made only on the basis of saline solution (0.9%), water cannot be used.
  • The use of essential oils for inhalation using a nebulizer in children under one year of age is strictly prohibited. In addition, oily drugs can only be used in a device mode that creates an aerosol cloud of large particles (from 8 nm). Otherwise, the oils will not accumulate on the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx, but will penetrate into the bronchi, which can lead to the development of suffocation.

And lastly, it is best to check with your doctor about how long to inhale using a nebulizer. After all, each type of ailment has its own therapeutic treatment plan, deviations from which can lead to the development of serious complications.

Inhalations for cough

In fact, few people know that coughing is not always a symptom of a disease; it is also a physiological process that helps clear the airways of foreign objects or substances that interfere with their patency.

However, in the case when a cough appears against the background of a rash, fever and other symptoms of intoxication of the body (weakness, headache, aches in the joints and muscles, and so on), then we are no longer talking about a reflex, but about the development of acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections or infectious diseases. diseases.

In the fight against cough, children and adults can be helped by a procedure such as inhalation. However, before using it, you should definitely consult a doctor who will help you choose medications suitable for children of a certain age or adults, taking into account their individual characteristics.

Recipes for inhalation with a nebulizer for coughs for children

So, if a child has a cough, does not have a fever or other contraindications for inhalation, then the following medications or solutions can be used for the procedure at home:

It is important to remember that even the best and at first glance absolutely harmless (with saline, soda, salt, mineral water) cough recipes for steam inhalers are absolutely not suitable for treating young children.

Inhalations for dry cough

What to do, and most importantly, what to use for inhalation of medicines for dry cough at home. We will give detailed answers to these questions below. Typically, a dry cough is a companion to colds. To treat this ailment, there are a great variety of drugs for every taste and financial opportunity.

However, sometimes neither tablets nor sprays, as well as medicinal aerosols and syrups, can cope with a severe cough. In this case, you should turn your attention to inhalation, which, unlike drugs with “superficial” effects, delivers drugs to the most remote parts of the respiratory system.

Thus, having a more effective effect on the mucous membranes and muscles of the respiratory system, while helping to remove phlegm and reduce spasms. However, to carry out the procedure, especially on your own, is only worth visiting a doctor who, firstly, will make an accurate diagnosis and select the correct solution for inhalation, and secondly, will tell you how to do it correctly.

As we have noted more than once in this material, not everyone is suitable for one or another type of procedure. Is it possible to use inhalation for a dry cough? You can, but adhere to the following recommendations:

  • The procedure can be carried out after visiting a doctor and in cases where there are no contraindications (fever, diseases of the cardiovascular system, nosebleeds, emphysema, tuberculosis, high blood pressure and others).
  • It is better to carry out inhalations for dry coughs with a nebulizer. This device is faster and, most importantly, more effective at completing the task, and is also not prohibited for small children.
  • Steam inhalers are not used in the treatment of children under 4 years of age. This is important to remember to avoid the development of severe side effects and complications.
  • For inhalation with a nebulizer, you should choose specialized medications.
  • When using essential oils, infusions or decoctions of medicinal plants in a steam inhaler, you must make sure in advance that you are not allergic to the components of the inhalation solution.

The most effective drugs for cough (according to reviews of inhalations):

If there is no allergy, then with a dry cough you can breathe through a steam inhaler using decoctions and infusions of sage, plantain, chamomile, linden or St. John's wort. Pregnant women and children are inhaled with a nebulizer with dry cough syrup or Pertussin. These medications effectively cope with dry cough and do not harm the body.

Inhalations for laryngitis

Many people think about how to treat laryngitis, which is an inflammation of the mucous membranes of the larynx during colds or infectious diseases (whooping cough, scarlet fever, measles). This issue is especially acute for parents, because with laryngitis, children experience not only a severe sore throat, but also a general deterioration in their condition.

We will talk below about how to treat laryngitis in adults and children using inhalation. First, let's look at the causes of the disease. So, as we have already mentioned, laryngitis is characteristic of some infectious diseases that affect the respiratory tract. In addition, malaise develops in the autumn-winter period, when the risk of contracting acute respiratory infections or acute respiratory viral infections increases.

With laryngitis, the mucous membranes of the upper trachea and larynx are damaged, which leads to the development of inflammation. Moreover, the causes of this phenomenon can be not only hypothermia, infectious or colds, but also other circumstances, for example, loss of voice (strain of the vocal cords).

With this disease, the mucous membranes of the larynx acquire a bright red tint, a cough appears, the voice becomes hoarse, and the throat is very sore and “tearing.” In the acute form of the disease, a person may have a fever, and there may also be symptoms of general intoxication of the body.

The main goal of treating laryngitis is to eliminate the causes of the disease. In order for the therapy to be as effective as possible, the patient should:

  • exclude overly spicy foods from your diet;
  • refrain from smoking and drinking alcohol;
  • minimize conversations for 5-7 days so as not to overstrain the ligaments.

As a rule, rinsing, warm drinks and warm compresses help with laryngitis. The attending physician may prescribe additional medications, as well as procedures, such as inhalation. However, it is worth remembering that at elevated temperatures this procedure is contraindicated.

Preparations for inhalation with a nebulizer for laryngitis

Before carrying out the procedure, you should consult your doctor. Since only a specialist will be able to select the correct treatment based on the causes of the disease and the characteristics of a particular patient. Many believe that for laryngitis you can limit yourself to using classic steam inhalers.

However, this is an extremely wrong approach to the problem. The steam simply will not be able to reach the larynx, and therefore have at least some therapeutic effect. In addition, steam inhalers are prohibited from being used in the treatment of young children due to the risk of developing laryngospasm.

Research shows that for this ailment it is better to resort to the help of nebulizers and specialized medicinal solutions for them. So, what medications should you choose for inhalation for laryngitis:

In some cases, for laryngitis, therapy using drugs containing hormones or adrenaline is justified. Inhalations with Hydrocortisone, Pulmicort, Flixotide, Prednisolone or adrenergic drugs such as Epinephrine will help alleviate the patient's condition, but they can only be carried out with the permission of a doctor.

For this disease in children, many pediatricians prescribe Berodual. What is noteworthy is that the instructions for this drug do not say that it is effective for laryngitis. The drug is used for asthma, COPD, emphysema or bronchitis.

Therefore, prescribing this drug to a child, given that it can only be used in a hospital setting, is doubtful. Laryngospasms still differ from bronchospasms, for which Berodual is effective, therefore, for laryngitis, drugs containing hydrocortisone, euphilin, sodium bicarbonate or prednisone are used.

Inhalation for laryngitis should be done an hour or two after eating. For half an hour after the procedure, it is better to refrain from talking, and you should not smoke, drink or eat. For laryngitis, during inhalation you should inhale through your mouth and exhale, on the contrary, through your nose.

If several medications are prescribed, they should be used in the following sequence:

Inhalations for bronchitis

Bronchitis is one of the common diseases in which the inflammatory process affects the bronchi. Typically, the cause of this disease is a bacterial or viral infection. Antibiotics and antiviral drugs are used to treat bronchitis.

In addition, an inhaler is also effective for bronchitis. There are several forms of the disease - acute, chronic and obstructive bronchitis.

Depending on the type of disease, the doctor prescribes certain medications. Inhalations for bronchitis at home can be done only after consultation with a specialist.

The following medications are usually prescribed for the procedure:

  • Miramistin, Dioxidin and Chlorhexidine are antiseptic agents designed to combat the viral nature of the disease;
  • Ambroxol, Lazolvan, Ambrobene are mucolytics that help remove and liquefy sputum;
  • Derinat is an immunomodulator;
  • Rotocan, extracts of tea tree, fir, sage, calendula, eucalyptus oil - natural anti-inflammatory agents;
  • Tobramycin, Gentamicin, Fluimucil, ACC – antibiotics that kill harmful bacteria;
  • Ventolin, Berotek or Berodual - bronchodilators, drugs that dilate the bronchi;
  • Xylometazoline, Naphthyzin, Oxymetazoline (nasal drops) - vasoconstrictors are used for pronounced swelling of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract;
  • hormonal agents.

Effective medications for inhalation for bronchitis in children can only be prescribed by a pediatrician. However, we cannot ignore such safe methods of treating bronchitis at home as inhalation with saline, saline, soda and weakly alkaline solutions.

Procedures with the above mentioned remedies will help moisturize the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, which will reduce pain. In addition, they effectively liquefy and remove mucus.

Inhalations for pharyngitis

Pharyngitis is a disease that affects the lymphoid tissue and mucous membranes of the pharynx. The cause of the disease can be either inhalation of polluted or too cold air, or the pathogenic effect of harmful microorganisms on the body. Depending on the causative agent of the disease, the doctor selects drugs for the treatment of pharyngitis.

Antibiotics for pharyngitis in adults or children are prescribed if the development of the disease is provoked by staphylococcus, streptococcus or pneumococcus bacteria. Antiviral drugs and immunomodulatory agents are effective if pharyngitis occurs against the background of influenza or other types of acute respiratory viral infections.

To treat the disease, not only medication is used. For pharyngitis, rinses and inhalations are effective. At home, you can use simple devices for steam inhalation (containers with inhalation solution and hot water) or specialized devices.

Solutions for inhalation for pharyngitis:

  • soda or saline solution;
  • saline;
  • infusions and decoctions of medicinal herbs (calendula, St. John's wort, chamomile);
  • essential oils and extracts (sage, oak bark, eucalyptus, pine, mint, juniper);
  • herbal preparations (Rotokan, Malavit, Tonzilgon);
  • antiseptic drugs (Fluimucil, Miramistin, Dioxidin).

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Source: http://medside.ru/parovyie-ingalyatsii-nebulayzerom-i-ingalyatorom