Medicine for bronchitis

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Expectorant syrup: its benefits and contraindications

There are two types of cough: a dry cough, usually caused by a respiratory irritant (asthma, smoking, some medications such as ACE inhibitors and some infections in the early stages) and a wet cough, often caused by bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis.

Table of contents:

In the body of a healthy person, the glands of the trachea and bronchi produce tracheobronchial secretion. It is necessary to fight pathogens and helps remove small particles that enter the body with the air.

But when the body becomes infected, too much tracheobronchial secretion is produced, up to 1.5 liters per day.

Pathogenic microorganisms grow and multiply in sputum, which the body tries with all its might to get rid of. As a result, people suffer from painful and frequent coughing with phlegm. This cough is extremely annoying, especially when it occurs at night. To quickly liquefy mucus and remove it from the bronchi, many patients take expectorant syrup (such drugs are also called secretolytics and expectorants).

The advantages of this product include: ease of use, pleasant taste (although not all syrups), the ability to purchase at a pharmacy without a prescription, effectiveness in relieving coughs and removing mucus from the bronchi.

Expectorant syrups are divided into three categories: direct resorptive, combined and reflex action.

  1. Drugs belonging to the first type have an irritating effect on the bronchial mucosa, increasing the secretion of mucus and diluting it (this effect is called mucolytic). They are best used for viscous and difficult to clear sputum.
  2. Reflex-action drugs have a stimulating effect on the vomiting and cough centers, promoting the production of a larger volume of mucus in the bronchi. They can be used to speed up the removal of mucus from the bronchi, but they should be given to children with caution, as the slightest dose may cause vomiting.
  3. Combined-action drugs have both expectorant and antitussive effects. They are best used if you suffer from a dry cough (usually this happens at the beginning of acute bronchitis).

Only the attending physician (ENT or pediatrician if the child is ill) can prescribe expectorant syrup. Every syrup, even those with exclusively natural ingredients, has contraindications.

Indications for the use of expectorant syrups are:

  • diseases of the respiratory tract, in which the patient complains of difficult, viscous sputum;
  • in the case of combined syrups, the indication for use is a non-productive dry (aka “barking”) cough.

Expectorant syrup should not be used to treat a chronic smoker's cough, asthma, or emphysema, or if the cough is accompanied by excessive mucus, unless advised otherwise by your doctor.

The syrup is not recommended for children under 6 years of age (although some syrups can be given from 1 year of age), or for pregnant or nursing mothers.

Some expectorant syrups that help clear phlegm contain ipecac or guaifenesin, and these ingredients may cause drowsiness and headaches.

You should not use cough syrups or phlegm thinners if you have taken an antidepressant (monoamine oxidase inhibitor) in the past 14 days. This can significantly increase side effects.

Cough suppressants and antihistamines are used to treat dry cough, so do not use them with an expectorant.

How to take expectorant syrup and give it to your child:

  • Read label directions for proper dosage. It usually depends on the age and weight of the child.
  • Use a measuring spoon to ensure you are taking or giving your child the exact dosage shown on the label.
  • Give an expectorant with food. Children often have sensitive stomachs and may get stomach upset if they take medications on an empty stomach.
  • Give your child plenty of water or juice after taking the expectorant.
  • Depending on the severity of your child's cough, give expectorant syrup once every 4 hours, up to a maximum of six doses in a 24-hour period.

Medicines for bronchitis: the most popular types

All expectorant medications work differently, depending on their active ingredient. Thus, reflex agents work by influencing the vomiting center (but this does not cause vomiting unless the dose is exceeded). The active components of such syrups are licorice, marshmallow, plantain, elecampane, oregano, coltsfoot or thermopsis.

Direct resorptive expectorants help if the patient is unable to cough up viscous sputum.

Substances such as ambroxol, bromhexine, the enzymes trypsin and ribonuclease, as well as acetylcysteine ​​or carbocysteine ​​help to make it more liquefied.

Combined mixtures for bronchitis and phlegm will thin and the cough will stop. They contain butamirate citrate or basil oil, glaucine and ephedrine.

One of the most commonly prescribed reflex expectorant syrups is Coldrex broncho. It is allowed for children from three years of age to take 5 ml every 3 hours, and for children over 12 years of age and adults - 10 ml every 3 hours.

Stoptussin phyto syrup, which contains thyme, thyme and plantain, has anti-inflammatory and expectorant properties. This mixture for bronchitis can be used by children after one year, a teaspoon three times a day. Adults take a tablespoon three times a day. Contraindicated during pregnancy.

The most popular medicines for bronchitis with resorptive direct action include:

  • Ambroxol (Ambrobene). Adults: daily dose from 30 mg to 120 mg in 2-3 divided doses. The drug is used for the symptomatic treatment of bronchiectasis, bronchitis with asthma and bronchospasm. Avoid using syrup during the first trimester of pregnancy.
  • Bromhexine. Used to treat cough associated with excessive phlegm. People with stomach ulcers should take it with caution. Suitable for children aged 6 to 14 years. Bromhexine drops are usually prescribed for young children, and tablets for adults. The daily dose is 8 mg, divided into 3 doses per day.

Medicines for combined action against bronchitis include Amtersol medicine with ammonium chloride. It is a safe, effective cough remedy. This medication is unlikely to cause side effects for most people over 3 years of age, but is not used during pregnancy or lactation. Adults: 1 tablespoon, 3 doses per day. For children from 3 to 6 years old, use half a teaspoon three times a day, over 6 and up to 14 years old - 1 teaspoon, 3 doses per day.

Another popular and inexpensive medicine is Tussin (Guaifenesin). Adults: 200 to 400 mg orally every 4 hours as needed, not to exceed 2.4 g per day. Children over 6 years old take Domg per day, divided into 4 doses, from 2 to 6 years old - Domg. Guaifenzine should be prescribed to pregnant and breastfeeding women with caution.

If you need a completely natural medicine for reflex bronchitis, discuss with your doctor the possibility of using Althea syrup. It contains a natural ingredient - marshmallow. This syrup does not contain alcohol and has virtually no contraindications except for individual sensitivity. And it can be given to children from 1 year of age (and in some cases earlier) - four teaspoons per day, diluted in 1/4 glass of water. Adults take one tablespoon of the mixture, diluted in 1/2 glass of water. It should be taken for a long time, up to 14 days.

Another very effective herbal expectorant and anti-inflammatory agent is Gedelix with ivy extract. Does not contain sugar or alcohol, making it recommended for small children. For a child under one year old, the daily single dose is 2.5 ml.

For children from one to 4 years of age, the dose is the same, but given three times a day. From 4 to 10 years - four times a day. From 10 years and adults - 5 ml of syrup three times a day.

For children aged 1 to 6 years, simple natural remedies such as honey and lemon are suitable. This is because the risk of a young child having a side effect from one of the expectorant medications is greater than any possible benefit of the medication. However, the pediatrician may prescribe an expectorant syrup if he believes that the benefits of taking it outweigh the possible risks. Self-prescribing cough medicine or sputum expectoration to a child is unacceptable.

Most expectorant mixtures are either contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation, or they can be used with great caution. Only a general practitioner or ENT specialist can prescribe the correct drug and its dosage.

Specialty: Otorhinolaryngologist Work experience: 29 years

Specialty: Audiologist Work experience: 7 years

Source: http://gajmorit.com/bronhit/otharkivajushhij-sirop/

Medicines for bronchitis - antibiotics, tablets, cough syrups

Bronchitis is treated with medications in tablets, capsules; small children are prescribed syrups, drops, suspensions.

For a dry cough, mucolytics are prescribed - drugs that thin the sputum. For a wet cough, expectorants are used to improve the removal of mucus from the bronchi.

Paroxysmal, debilitating dry cough with bronchitis is treated with antitussive drugs that suppress cough impulses, including the use of drugs containing psychoactive components.

Cough tablets

The list of tablets, capsules for thinning, sputum discharge, and wet cough during bronchitis includes medications based on ambroxol, bromhexine, herbal extracts, and plant roots. We invite you to familiarize yourself with some of them.

Read more about cough tablets for the treatment of bronchitis in our article Cough tablets for bronchitis.

Cough expectorant tablets

For the treatment of children and adults with wet cough, effervescent tablets for bronchitis are produced - Padevix, Ambroxol, Fluimucil, Mukobene, Vicks Active, ACC.

Antitussive tablets

With a dry, painful cough, the antitussive effect is achieved by inhibiting cough centers in the brain (codeine, dextramethorphan), as well as reducing the sensitivity of bronchial receptors (prenoxidazine).

Cough suppressant tablets should only be used under medical supervision. The sale of codeine-containing products is permitted with a prescription; uncontrolled use can cause psychological dependence.

Dispersible tablets, effervescent

Children and adults are successfully treated for bronchitis with absorbable, effervescent tablets - these medications bring quick relief from cough, have an anti-inflammatory effect, and stimulate local immunity of the bronchial mucosa.

The list of commonly purchased lozenges for bronchitis includes the drugs Faringosept, Travisil, Linkas Lor, Bronchicum, Bronchostop. More information about the use of this dosage form in the treatment of bronchitis is described in the article “Dissolving cough tablets.”

Dry cough syrup

A combination drug with an expectorant and antitussive effect helps against bronchitis. Dry cough medicine for children.

This medicine for bronchitis and cough is available in powder form, which is used to prepare a solution and take it orally. The dry mixture for children includes extracts of marshmallow roots, licorice, and anise oil.

The medicinal solution has the smell of anise oil and has virtually no contraindications for children, with the exception of allergies and acute kidney diseases.

For the treatment of bronchitis in adults, a completely natural drug is also produced in the form of powders in sachets “Dry cough medicine for adults.” This composition should not be used to treat children; it contains thermopsis extract, which may cause vomiting in a child.

The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy, lactation, acute pyelonephritis, acute glomerulonephritis.

Syrups

Medicines with expectorant and phlegm-thinning properties are produced in the form of syrups with a pleasant taste. This treatment method is suitable for children.

Syrups containing sugar are contraindicated for diabetic patients; they can use the medicine Gedelix, which contains fructose.

Safe medications for bronchitis that do not cause side effects include plant-based syrups, such drugs as Doctor Mom, Eucabal, Pectusin, Gerbion, Erespal.

The use of these medications under the supervision of a physician is allowed during pregnancy.

Syrups that improve sputum discharge

The list of expectorant syrups for bronchitis includes medications containing bromhexine (Joset, Bronchotil, Kolinol), combination products with bromhexine, salbutamol, guaifenesin (Ascoril).

Antitussive syrups

To treat dry non-productive cough, syrups based on butamirate are used - Sinecod, Codelac Neo, Omnitus, Panatus, Panatus Forte. Butamirate suppresses the activity of the cough center of the brain, but is not a psychoactive drug.

For dry hacking cough with bronchitis, antitussive drugs with psychoactive substances codeine, dextromethorphan (DXM), and ephedrine are prescribed. Psychoactive compounds act directly on the brain, suppress coughing, inhibiting the cough center.

If the instructions are violated or used uncontrolled, medications containing these substances cause psychological addiction.

Syrups for bronchitis with codeine Neo-Kodion for adults and Neo-Kodion for children are prohibited for use.

Instead, analogues or a codeine-containing drug in Codelac tablets are prescribed (average price in rubles for 10 tablets).

Find out about cough syrups for children in our article Cough syrups for children.

Syrups for dry cough with ephedrine

Syrups containing dextromethorphan

For dry non-productive cough, syrups containing ephedrine, Bronchocin, Bronchoton, Broncholitin sage are also used.

Syrups with codeine and DXM, when overdosed, cause palpitations and a sharp drop in blood pressure. You can use drugs with psychoactive substances only as prescribed by a doctor.

You should not take syrups with codeine, ephedrine at the same time as drugs that increase sputum formation, as well as with a wet cough with copious sputum.

Antibiotics

When treating bronchitis, drugs containing amoxicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones are prescribed.

You can find out more about what antibiotics are used to treat bronchitis in the article What antibiotics to take for bronchitis.

Below are contraindications for children and pregnancy, as well as average prices for commonly prescribed drugs.

Antibiotics Ecomed, Ecolevid from the table presented above belong to a new class of drugs - ecoantibiotics.

Ecoantibiotics act on pathogenic microflora like conventional antibiotics, and due to the lactulose content they do not cause dysbacteriosis and can be used in the treatment of children.

Read more about antibiotics for bronchitis for children in our article Antibiotics for children for bronchitis.

Antiviral therapy

In the first days of illness, for bronchitis that occurs against the background of a cold or flu, antiviral drugs are prescribed. Infants are allowed medications such as Viferon and children's Anaferon. From 2.5 years of age, Arbidol capsules or tablets are prescribed.

We should also not forget about a set of measures aimed at preventing the occurrence of bronchitis, i.e. about prevention. Read more about the prevention of bronchitis in our article Prevention of bronchitis due to colds, allergies, smoking.

We are treated with Prospan syrup from the above, since it is herbal, and the child likes the taste. In addition, proven German quality.

I almost got bronchitis, I can’t miss work, but I coughed and coughed. How to treat yourself at work? At the pharmacy, the pharmacist gave me Prospan sachets and told me to dissolve them in warm water and drink them. That’s what I did, finally the cough began to get wet, then I bought more of these fizzy drinks and was treated normally.

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Source: http://loramed.ru/bolezni/lyogkie/bronhit/lekarstva-antibiotiki-tabletki-siropyi-ot-kashlya.html

Inexpensive but effective tablets for bronchitis in adults

In this publication we will provide you with a list of names of which tablets for bronchitis are inexpensive but effective. Also find out what medications are used to treat cough in adults and children.

Tablets for bronchitis

Inflammation of the bronchi has a viral etiology, so at the very beginning of the disease it is recommended to prescribe antiviral therapy. This must be done at the very beginning of the disease, otherwise it will become acute, and after 3-4 days such medications will become useless.

The most popular antiviral tablets for bronchitis are inexpensive but effective, which not only destroy viruses, but also increase the body's resistance:

These inexpensive tablets can only be used as prescribed by a doctor, because they do an excellent job of treating bronchitis in an adult, but not all of them are safe for weakened patients.

The next stage is antibacterial therapy. You should not start using antibiotics, because they are completely useless and can even cause harm in viral diseases.

Antibiotics should be prescribed if:

  1. Temperatures above 38o persist for several days;
  2. Feeling lethargic and overwhelmed;
  3. Attacks of coughing, choking, and respiratory failure are increasing;
  4. The color of the sputum is green.

Good antibiotics come in different dosage forms. They can be divided into several groups:

  • Aminopenicillins: Flemoxin, Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav, Augmentin, Flemoclav. Destructive for pathogenic microflora, do not cause harm to the body. Among the disadvantages - high allergenicity;
  • Cephalosporins: Ceftriaxone, Maxipim, Cefatoxime, Cefoperazone. Broad-spectrum antibiotics. Can be prescribed together with other drugs;
  • Macrolides. Available in tablet form. Prescribed if the first two groups of drugs are ineffective or if they are intolerable;
  • Clarithromycin, Spiramycin are good drugs that can act on any pathogens of bronchitis;
  • Azithromycin. Refers to macrolides, serves as the basis for Sumamed, Zomax, Azivok;
  • Fluoroquinolones. Strong antibiotics for the treatment of severe forms of the disease in adults: Levofloxacin, Avelox, Ciprofloxacin, Gatimax;
  • Aminoglycosides: Gentamicin, Amikacin. In the form of tablets. Inexpensive, effective drugs with a wide range of effects. Can be used as an alternative to previous antibiotics.

Cough tablets

At the initial stage of the disease, effective antitussives are prescribed.

Tablets for bronchitis in adults to relieve attacks of dry, severe cough:

  • Glaucine. May be part of Bronholitin. Acts on the cough center without affecting respiratory function;
  • Paxeladine. Reduces cough, restores breathing;
  • Stoptussin. Liquefies and facilitates mucus secretion.

Inexpensive but effective medications for bronchitis that act directly on the bronchi, cough center, and dilute sputum are very important:

  • ACC (Acetycysteine);
  • Lazolvan, Bromhexidine, Flavamed;
  • Pectolvan, Plantain Syrup;
  • Prospan, Pertussin, Mukaltin, Alteyka.

Next, look at the symptoms of Dühring's dermatitis.

The name of inexpensive but effective bronchitis tablets for adults

The modern pharmaceutical industry produces complex products with a wide range of effects: tablets for bronchitis and cough, which combine different properties: they inhibit the cough center, stimulate respiratory function, and have an anti-inflammatory effect.

Names of inexpensive tablets for dry cough:

The most common remedies for wet coughs:

Acute and chronic bronchitis are serious diseases. They often lead to lung pathologies that pose a threat to human life and health.

You cannot self-medicate. Without an appropriate medical examination in a clinic or hospital, the disease is not completely cured, it turns into pneumonia, chronic inflammation of the bronchi, and sometimes leads to oncology or tuberculosis.

You should not take medication uncontrollably for treatment. The disease occurs for various reasons; only a doctor can determine the etiology of the disease and prescribe appropriate remedies.

Most effective modern remedies have a lot of side effects; they should be selected taking into account age, health status and the presence of chronic diseases.

Particular attention should be paid to inexpensive antibiotics. You cannot take them without a doctor's prescription. In most cases, they are even useless in the treatment of bronchitis. But at the same time they can have a negative effect on the intestinal microflora and lead to other pathologies in the body.

Next, we will tell you how to use aloe juice for sinusitis.

Source: http://helsbaby.ru/tabletki-ot-bronkhita.html

The best medications for bronchitis for adults

When choosing an effective medicine for bronchitis, you need to pay attention to its properties. The pharmacokinetics of the drug should be aimed at eliminating the inflammatory process, as well as liquefying and separating sputum. In severe cases, injections of various drugs are prescribed. Various groups of medications are used to treat bronchitis.

Antibiotics

All antibiotics are divided into penicillin, cephalosporins, and macrolides. Antibiotics for bronchitis have a wide spectrum of effects and can be used in combination with other drugs.

Antiviral drugs for bronchitis in adults suppress the activity of the pathogenic pathogen. An antibiotic is prescribed if bronchitis is caused by viral agents. Most often, during the inflammatory process in the bronchi, drugs from the penicillin and macrolide groups are taken. These include:

The drugs are available in tablets, capsules and suspensions. The new effective drug Sumamed is a good medicine for bronchitis that fights the virus. The active drug substance is azithromycin. The drug belongs to the group of macrolide antibiotics and suppresses the synthesis of pathogenic flora. It is important to understand that medications for bronchitis must be taken as prescribed by a doctor. Self-medication is dangerous to health.

Augmentin is a drug whose action is aimed at eliminating cough and inflammation. The drug contains amoxicillin. It is used for bronchitis of various etiologies and community-acquired pneumonia. This antibiotic facilitates the course of the disease, thins mucus and removes it from the bronchi. If there is a high sensitivity to the drug, Augmentin should no longer be used in treatment.

Amoxicillin helps treat bronchitis in adults if taken correctly. You should adhere to the instructions and the prescribed therapeutic regimen. The drug belongs to the group of penicillin drugs and actively affects many pathogenic bacteria. However, some pathogenic microbes that produce certain enzymes are resistant to it. When prescribing Amoxicillin, the severity of bronchitis and its complications are taken into account.

The medication Clarithromycin is the best medicine for bronchitis for adults who want to recover quickly. The drug has a minimum of side effects, is well tolerated by a weakened body and actively affects foreign agents. The product quickly neutralizes the causative agent of the disease and promotes recovery after the disease.

Bronchodilators

Bronchitis is characterized by inflammation of the bronchial tree. The disease is accompanied by difficulty breathing, shortness of breath and wheezing. Therapy for bronchitis requires the mandatory use of drugs that dilate the bronchi and help relieve the inflammatory process. It is necessary to choose the right medications for bronchitis in adults - a list of the best medications can be obtained from your doctor. The doctor may recommend the following remedies:

Teopek dilates the bronchi and is a methylxanthine. Most often, the drug is prescribed when it is impossible to use the inhalation form. The product eliminates the inflammatory process.

Ventolin requires special attention when prescribed to patients with heart failure. The drug is a beta blocker stimulant and dilates the bronchi.

Atrovent is an anticholinergic drug and eliminates bronchial obstruction problems. It is used in the main treatment of bronchitis. Hormonal drug

Beclomethasone is an inhaled glucocorticosteroid. This bronchodilator is necessary for breathing problems due to bronchitis. Bronchodilators are widely used in the complex treatment of the disease. They help well with obstructive bronchitis and pneumonia.

Cough preparations

Antitussive medications for the treatment of bronchitis help cope with dry, painful expectoration. If there is thick sputum, it is necessary for adults to take medications for bronchitis. They help liquefy the masses and remove them from the bronchi.

Typically used against bronchitis:

The medication Bronchotil activates the glandular tissues of the bronchi and has a moderate therapeutic effect. When choosing the most effective medicine for bronchitis, you need to choose one that contains medicinal plants. It will not irritate the gastric mucosa. Mucolytics change the properties of sputum, dilute it and develop chemical bonds of secretion molecules.

ACC remedy is the most effective medicine for severe, prolonged cough. If you need to quickly get rid of an illness, you need to dissolve a packet of ACC in a cup of hot water and drink it completely. The medication contains acetylcysteine, a substance that reduces cough and eliminates bronchial irritation.

Mucodin and Gelelix contain certain active components that dilute sputum and activate particles of the ciliated epithelium. Mucodin is a fairly strong cough medicine. It contains carbocysteine, a substance that helps you recover quickly and forget about bronchitis. Gedelix contains ivy extract. This herbal component facilitates the removal of accumulated secretions and eliminates the inflammatory process.

Mucaltin tablets are a suitable option when inexpensive medications for bronchitis are needed and you need to quickly stop the cough. The drug contains marshmallow extract. This herb has long been used in the treatment of colds and coughs. By remembering the name of the medication, you can significantly save money without purchasing expensive medications.

Medicines such as:

These complex preparations contain plant flavonoids of oregano, thyme, violet, fennel and essential oils of medicinal plants. The medicine contains the well-known bromhexine. The substance stimulates the work of the ciliated epithelium, reduces the viscosity of sputum, and promotes the rapid release of mucus from the organ. Bronchosan has anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects and can be used for chronic bronchitis.

The drug Bronchipret stops severe coughing attacks and quickly reduces cough. The composition of the medication contains extracts of thyme and ivy. The product is available in the form of drops. They are used for diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract. The medicine must be taken 2-3 times a day. If any side effects develop, treatment with drops must be interrupted.

Bronchicum contains thyme extract. The component has pronounced expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. The medication is available in syrup and lozenges. Bronchicum is also used as an effective expectorant. To reduce the viscosity of mucus, it is necessary to take the drug in syrup.

Antipyretics

By asking your doctor what medications to take for bronchitis, you can choose a fairly effective and inexpensive medication. For bronchitis, antipyretics are also used if the disease occurs with a high temperature. To reduce fever use:

The use of antipyretic drugs for bronchitis is required at temperatures above 38 degrees C. If an allergy occurs during treatment, the drug should be discontinued. Also, do not forget that too aggressive medications can severely irritate the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. It is necessary to take tablets or syrup after meals, this will reduce the irritating effect of drugs on the stomach.

Antiviral medications Arbidol, Viferon, Aflubin can also be prescribed as additional drugs. The drugs activate the body's defenses and improve immunity. In this case, you cannot use the product you like on your own. Before using antiviral medication, you should consult your doctor. The treatment regimen depends on age, type of bronchitis and its stage. In rare cases, inhaled glucocorticosteroids may be used.

Competent therapy with antiviral and antitussive medications will prevent the development of dangerous complications with bronchitis. The therapy will help get rid of prolonged coughing attacks and avoid pneumonia.

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Source: http://mainrox.ru/bronhit/u-vzroslyh-01/lekarstva-ot-bronhita-u-vzroslyh

Medicines for bronchitis: review of drugs

Bronchitis is an inflammation that affects the bronchial tree at different levels: from large to small. With inflammation of the trachea and large bronchi, a debilitating dry cough predominates in the clinic, only gradually turning into a wet one. With disease of the small bronchi, shortness of breath and the phenomena of bronchospasm (paroxysmal cough, suffocation) come to the fore. Bronchitis can occur in acute and chronic forms. It can be caused by both bacteria and viruses.

The variety of manifestations of this disease, caused by the peculiarities of its nature and development, determines a fairly large arsenal of remedies that doctors use to treat bronchitis. In our article we will try to mention the most commonly used drugs of different groups and describe their effects, adverse events and contraindications.

The following groups of drugs can be used to treat bronchitis:

  • antiviral drugs;
  • antibiotics;
  • anti-inflammatory;
  • antitussives;
  • mucolytics;
  • mucoregulators;
  • combination drugs;
  • bronchodilators.

Antiviral drugs

These medications are effective if you start treatment with them in the first two days of the disease. Let's consider those that are best studied and recommended today for the treatment of viral respiratory tract infections.

Ingavirin

This drug directly inhibits the formation of viruses and stimulates antiviral immunity against influenza A (including swine), influenza B, and other infections. In addition, the medicine modulates the production of interferons (protective substances) and immune system cells, allowing the body to cope with the disease.

The effect of ingavirin is to shorten the period of fever, reduce headaches, weakness and other signs of intoxication, treat cough and other symptoms of the disease.

Take the product 1 capsule per day for 5 days. The dosage must be determined by a doctor.

Ingavirin causes virtually no side effects. The official instructions list only an allergic reaction as an undesirable effect. However, the drug is contraindicated in children under 18 years of age and pregnant women. It is better to stop breastfeeding while you are taking it. The drug is not recommended for use simultaneously with other antiviral agents.

Kagocel

The medicine, although it belongs to the group of direct antiviral drugs, has an indirect effect on the viruses themselves. It enhances the production of interferons in the body, which have a detrimental effect on these pathogens.

The drug is prescribed for the treatment of respiratory diseases, including viral bronchitis. You need to start taking it as early as possible. It is used in adults and children from 3 years of age. Dosage regimens vary in different situations; they are described in detail in the instructions for use. In addition, the doctor who prescribed them will tell you about the procedure for taking Kagocel tablets.

Of the side effects, only allergic reactions are described. The drug is contraindicated in children under 3 years of age, women during pregnancy and breastfeeding, as well as with lactose (milk sugar) intolerance.

Kagocel can be combined with other antiviral agents and antibiotics if necessary.

Tamiflu

The international name of this medicine is oseltamivir. This is what a doctor can write in a prescription, but the drug is currently produced under a single trade name - Tamiflu.

In the body, the medicine undergoes chemical transformations, after which it has a direct detrimental effect on influenza viruses. It is used only for this disease, 1 capsule is prescribed twice a day for 5-7 days.

The drug may cause side effects: nausea and vomiting, headache, insomnia, dizziness, nasal congestion, weakness. However, it is approved for use during pregnancy, breastfeeding and in children, of course, with caution and as prescribed by a doctor. Tamiflu is contraindicated in severe renal and liver failure.

Antibiotics

If bronchitis is bacterial in nature, the following groups of antibiotics are usually prescribed:

  • inhibitor-protected penicillins;
  • macrolides;
  • cephalosporins;
  • respiratory fluoroquinolones.

Self-medication with antibiotics is unacceptable. It is necessary to complete the entire course prescribed by the doctor to avoid the development of resistance of microorganisms. Otherwise, the next time the antibiotic will be less effective.

Amoxiclav

It is one of the most prescribed antibiotics. In addition to it, the group of inhibitor-protected penicillins that can be prescribed for bronchitis includes other preparations of amoxicillin in combination with clavulanic acid (Augmentin, Panclave, Trifamox IBL, Flemoclav Solutab and others).

Amoxiclav is used for acute and chronic bronchitis. It acts on most pathogens of these diseases. There are soluble forms, including powder.

Side effects: dyspepsia, loose stools, urticaria, dizziness and headache. They occur rarely and are mildly expressed.

Amoxiclav is contraindicated if it has previously caused liver dysfunction with the appearance of jaundice. It is not prescribed for infectious mononucleosis, lymphocytic leukemia, or allergies to penicillins. Use the medicine with caution during pregnancy, breastfeeding, liver and kidney problems. Tablets are prescribed from the age of 12, powders can be used from birth. The dose of the medicine is determined by the doctor based on the age and weight of the patient.

Azithromycin

This is an antibiotic from the macrolide group, used when it is impossible to use penicillins. In addition, the advantage of the medicine is that it is taken once a day and has a short course of treatment, usually 3 days.

Course of treatment - 3 days

Side effects of azithromycin are dyspepsia, loose stools, dizziness, headache, vaginitis. Usually the medicine does not cause any side effects.

Azithromycin is contraindicated if you are intolerant to it. It can be used with caution in pregnant women, during breastfeeding, and with renal and liver failure. The medicine in powder form can be used in children of any age.

Azithromycin is also available under other names: Azitral, Azitrus, Sumamed, Hemomycin and others.

In addition to this popular remedy for the treatment of bronchitis, other macrolides can be prescribed: erythromycin, Macropen, Rulide, Klacid. A doctor will help you understand the benefits of a particular drug.

Pantsef

This is an antibiotic from the group of third generation cephalosporins. Its distinctive feature is its oral form, which makes the medicine one of the drugs of choice for bronchitis.

Side effects include dry mouth, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, candidiasis, liver dysfunction, suppression of hematopoiesis, headache and dizziness, kidney damage, allergic reactions, intestinal damage.

The drug can be used with caution in pregnant women, children of any age and the elderly.

Breastfeeding should be stopped during its use. Pancef is contraindicated in case of intolerance to penicillins and cephalosporins.

The drug is also available in the form of granules, from which a solution is prepared for oral administration. Another cefixime drug, Ixim Lupine, is available in powder form for the preparation of a suspension, which is also taken orally. Such forms are convenient when treating children, as they allow the doctor to correctly calculate the dosage.

Levofloxacin

This is a highly effective antibiotic from the group of respiratory fluoroquinolones. It is usually used for exacerbations of chronic bronchitis or severe acute bronchitis, as well as for the development of complications, such as pneumonia. The duration of the course is determined by the doctor based on the severity of the disease.

The drug is quite well tolerated. In some patients, it can cause itching and redness of the skin, nausea, loose stools, headache, dizziness, weakness, and candidiasis. Isolated cases of severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylactic shock, Lyell's syndrome and Steven-Johnson syndrome, have been described. In children, it can cause damage to cartilage tissue and disruption of skeletal growth and development.

Let us remind you once again that self-medication with antibiotics without medical supervision is unacceptable.

The drug is contraindicated for epilepsy, renal failure, tendon damage, children under 18 years of age and pregnant women, as well as during breastfeeding.

Levofloxacin in oral forms may be called, for example, Levoflox, Tavanic, Hyleflox.

Other fluoroquinolones can be used to treat exacerbations of bronchitis: Tarivid, Tsiprolet, Abaktal, Avelox.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

When the temperature rises, paracetamol and other non-steroidal drugs can be used. For bronchitis, it is recommended to use a specific drug aimed at the inflammatory reaction in the respiratory tract - fenspiride.

It is part of such syrups and tablets as Siresp, Eladon, Epistat, Erespal, Erispirus. Fenspiride relieves inflammation of the bronchi and reduces their spasm. It is used not only for bronchitis, but also for diseases of the upper respiratory tract, bronchial asthma, otitis media, sinusitis, cough of any etiology.

Fenspiride goes well with antibiotics and is indicated in all cases of bronchitis.

The drug is well tolerated. Only in some patients does it cause abdominal pain, nausea and loose stools.

The drug is not used in pregnant women and breastfeeding. For the treatment of children over 2 years of age, syrup, rather than tablets, should be prescribed.

Antitussives

In the first days of bronchitis, patients complain of a severe dry cough. If it is not accompanied by the formation of sputum, the doctor sometimes prescribes antitussives to suppress it. Codeine medications, such as Terpincode, suppress cough very quickly. These products are only available with a doctor's prescription. It is often more convenient to use medications that can be purchased without a special prescription, simply as prescribed by a doctor. These include, in particular, prenoxdiazine (Libexin).

The product has a local anesthetic effect, thereby reducing the sensitivity of the bronchi. It dilates the bronchi and slightly depresses the respiratory center.

Libexin is not addictive and does not affect the central nervous system. It can be used in adults and children of any age (with caution), in pregnant and lactating women.

Side effects include skin rash, dry mouth, and short-term numbness of the tongue. Sometimes abdominal pain, nausea and constipation occur.

The drug should not be used if you are coughing up sputum, because it may cause problems with expectoration. It is contraindicated for people with lactose intolerance. It is not used together with mucolytic and expectorant drugs.

Libexin muco syrup contains carbocisteine ​​and is not an antitussive, but a mucolytic.

Mucolytics

Agents that thin mucus and remove it from the bronchi are called mucolytics. The most common of them are acetylcysteine ​​and carbocysteine.

Acetylcysteine ​​makes sputum more liquid and increases its quantity, making it easier to cough up. It can be taken for any bronchitis by children, adults, pregnant women, or breastfeeding women after consulting a doctor. But it is advisable not to use mucolytics in children under 3 years of age, because at that age they cannot cough well. When using acetylcysteine ​​in children, percussion chest massage is indicated.

It is better to take acetylcysteine ​​not simultaneously with antibiotics, but after two hours. You can use special forms for inhalation through a nebulizer.

The drug only sometimes causes undesirable effects: nausea, urticaria, nosebleeds. When used inhalation, a reflex increase in bronchospasm is possible.

The drug is contraindicated in case of exacerbation of gastric and duodenal ulcers, pulmonary hemorrhage and hemoptysis, individual intolerance.

A doctor will help you choose medications

Acetylcysteine ​​is included in the following products: Acestine, ACC, Vicks Active Expectomed, Fluimucil (there is a solution for inhalation).

Carbocysteine ​​has very similar properties to acetylcysteine. It is contraindicated in the 1st trimester of pregnancy, as well as during exacerbations of chronic glomerulonephritis. Carbocisteine ​​is included in the following drugs: Bronchobos, Libexin Muco, Fluifort, Fluditek.

Mucoregulators

Drugs in this group thin mucus and improve coughing. The most commonly used products are those based on bromhexine and ambroxol.

Bromhexine

Bromhexine thins mucus and helps cough it up. It is prescribed in the presence of viscous, difficult to cough up sputum in tracheobronchitis, chronic bronchitis, broncho-obstructive syndrome in children.

The drug is approved for use in children, adults, pregnant and lactating women (after consultation with a doctor). It is contraindicated in case of individual intolerance. Side effects include stomach pain, headache, urticaria, and sometimes increased cough and bronchospasm.

Bromhexine is included in the following drugs: Bronchostop, Solvin, Bromhexine. It is available in the form of tablets, drops, and oral solution. Bromhexine is also included in complex drugs for the treatment of bronchitis: Ascoril, Bronchosan, Joset, Cashnol, Cofasma.

Ambroxol

This substance changes the ratio of sputum components, reducing its density and improving coughing. It improves mucociliary transport, that is, the work of the epithelial cilia, which remove mucus into the trachea. The product slightly reduces the severity of cough.

Ambroxol is used for acute and chronic bronchitis in children of any age, adults, pregnant women in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. There are forms for use in a nebulizer.

The drug is contraindicated during breastfeeding, in the 1st trimester of pregnancy, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and convulsive syndrome. Side effects are rare: abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, loose stools, headache, weakness, allergic reactions.

The dose of the drug for children must be determined by a doctor, taking into account the age and weight of the child.

Ambroxol can be taken simultaneously with antibiotics, it improves their effect.

This substance is part of the following drugs: Ambrobene (there is a solution for inhalation), Ambrohexal (there is a solution for inhalation), Ambrolor, Ambrosan, Bronkhoxol, Bronchorus, Lazolvan (there is a solution for inhalation), Lazongin (lozenges), Medox, Neo -Bronchol (lozenges), Remebrox, Suprima-Kof, Thoraxol Solution Tablets, Flavamed, Halixol.

Ambroxol is part of multicomponent drugs: Codelac Broncho, Coldact Broncho.

Combination drugs

Complex products have been developed, which include various components that alleviate the symptoms of bronchitis.

Ascoril is a very popular product, available in tablets and syrup. It contains bromhexine, guaifenesin and salbutamol, dilates the bronchi, thins mucus and promotes its elimination, transforms a dry cough into a productive, that is, “wet” cough. It helps especially well with tracheobronchitis and broncho-obstructive syndrome in children (in the form of syrup). Syrups with a similar composition are also produced under the names Joset, Kashnol, Kofasma.

When used in recommended doses, side effects are very rare. The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding, heart disease, hyperthyroidism, decompensated diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, renal and liver failure, gastric and duodenal ulcers, arterial hypertension.

Bronchosan - drops containing bromhexine, menthol, fennel oil, anise, oregano, mint and eucalyptus. The product thins mucus, improves expectoration, relaxes bronchial muscles, and has an antimicrobial effect. The medicine is not used in pregnant women, lactating women and children under 3 years of age. It is well tolerated, only occasionally causing nausea or vomiting or allergic reactions.

Codelac Broncho is available in tablet form and contains ambroxol, sodium glycyrrhizinate, soda and thermopsis extract (the basis of the well-known “Cough Tablets”). The drug improves expectoration and has an anti-inflammatory effect. The product is contraindicated for children under 12 years of age, pregnant and lactating women.

Side effects are rare: abdominal pain, allergic reactions, dry nasal cavity, runny nose.

Codelac Broncho with thyme contains ambroxol, sodium glycyrrhizin, thyme extract and is available in the form of an elixir, prescribed for children over 2 years of age and adults, contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation. Adverse effects - dry mouth, constipation or diarrhea, allergic reactions.

Bronchodilators

Salbutamol is a drug that dilates small bronchi. It can be used for chronic bronchitis, as well as for acute bronchitis in children, accompanied by bronchospasm. The drug is contraindicated in children under 2 years of age, as well as in cases of pregnancy. It can be used with caution during normal pregnancy and during breastfeeding. Side effects are associated with the effect of salbutamol on beta-adrenergic receptors located in other organs. Sometimes there is an accelerated heartbeat, muscle tremors, and headache.

Salbutamol is part of metered-dose aerosols for inhalation: Astalin, Ventolin, Salamol Eco. In addition, it is available in the form of solutions for nebulizer therapy, especially often used in children: Ventolin Nebula, Salamol Steri-Neb, Salgim. There are also Salbutabs extended-release tablets used for chronic bronchitis.

Salbutamol is a component of combination drugs such as Berodual. Berodual is available in the form of an aerosol for inhalation and a solution for a nebulizer. This drug is used for acute bronchospasm in children, severe chronic bronchitis with bronchial obstruction. In addition to salbutamol, it contains ipratropium bromide, which has a similar effect.

The most common side effects of the drug are cough, headache, dry mouth, muscle tremors, palpitations, rapid heartbeat, nausea and vomiting, increased blood pressure, allergic reactions and paradoxical bronchospasm. Berodual is contraindicated in certain heart diseases, arrhythmias, and in the 1st and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. Use it with great caution in children under 6 years of age.

Bronchodilator therapy is prescribed only by a doctor. When carrying out inhalations using a nebulizer, their rules should be strictly followed. Exceeding the dose or frequency of inhalations is unacceptable. If the condition of a child or adult patient worsens after using bronchodilators, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Which doctor should I contact?

To treat bronchitis, you can first consult a general practitioner, pediatrician or family doctor. If these specialists have any doubts about the correctness of therapy, they can refer the patient to a pulmonologist or infectious disease specialist, as well as an allergist and immunologist to rule out the allergic nature of the disease.

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