Treatment of adenoids in adults

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Adenoids in adults

Adenoids are tonsils located in the nasopharynx and are the first barrier to infections and bacteria. Inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsil - adenoiditis - affects children aged 3-7 years who are regularly ill and who have suffered diseases such as measles and scarlet fever.

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Upon reaching age, when the immune system is almost completely formed, the pharyngeal tonsil shrinks and disappears. But doctors record the presence of adenoids in some adults. We will look at the symptoms and treatment of this problem in this article.

Causes

Adenoids in adults can appear for various reasons, including due to genetic characteristics. Such adenoids can remain from childhood. But most often the cause of the proliferation of adenoids is frequent and long-lasting inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx.

Since the nasopharyngeal tonsil consists of lymphoid tissue (this tissue delays infection), it grows during infection. If the infection passes quickly, then the tonsil quickly shrinks, and if the process is prolonged, then adenoids may appear.

Symptoms of adenoids in adults

The primary symptoms of adult adenoids are practically no different from the signs of adenoids in children:

  • snore;
  • difficulty breathing through the nose;
  • constant nasal congestion;
  • purulent discharge from the nasal passages during a cold;
  • nasal and/or hoarseness of voice;
  • headache - occurs as a result of oxygen starvation, which affects all systems and organs of the body and, first of all, the brain;
  • frequent diseases (acute respiratory infections, rhinitis, sinusitis, otitis media, sinusitis).

Just as in the case of a child, “adult” adenoids come in different degrees. At the first stage, breathing is difficult only at night; during the day, complications may not be observed. If the form of the disease is acute, the temperature may rise. The second and third stages smoothly transition from one to another, so their symptoms are practically not separated and include the following:

  • purulent discharge from the nose in large quantities;
  • a person practically does not breathe through his nose;
  • snoring during sleep, at the third stage the breathing of a sleeping person may stop;
  • A dry cough appears in the morning, which can also bother you during the day;
  • pronounced breathing through the mouth.

An otolaryngologist and modern research methods can distinguish adenoiditis from a common runny nose.

Adenoids in adults: photo

We offer detailed photos for viewing of what adenoids look like in the nose of an adult.

Diagnostics

Without rhinoscopy, it is almost impossible to make an accurate diagnosis or even identify suspicion. The nasopharynx of an adult is very different from the structure of the nasopharynx of a child, so the initial examination with a digital examination is absolutely not informative, so rhinoscopy is prescribed if the symptoms of adenoids in adults are similar.

Treatment of adenoids in adults

If adenoids are detected in adults, treatment with conservative methods can be carried out only when adenoids are of the first degree. If the nose is very stuffy, then instill vasoconstrictor medications for several days or rinse your mouth with eucalyptus tincture. With a more severe exacerbation, treatment of adenoids in adults is carried out with antibiotics, having previously identified the sensitivity of infectious agents to them.

How to treat adenoids in adults when they are large - second and third degree. In this case, surgical intervention is necessary. In general, a clear indication for adenoid removal is the inability to breathe through the nose. If your nose doesn't breathe, you run the risk of falling asleep every night and never waking up again. It sounds creepy, but sleep apnea is a well-known medical phenomenon.

In addition, even while awake, constant breathing through the mouth causes the mucous membrane of the throat to dry out - and this leads to a sore throat and a dry cough. It’s not fatal, but all this interferes with rest, work, and life in general... and over time, permanent nasal congestion can cause increased fatigue and frequent headaches.

Adenoid removal

Today in surgery there are two ways to remove adenoids (adenotomy):

  1. Using an endoscope. A tube is inserted into the nasal cavity, at the end of which there is a television camera (endoscope). Using microsurgical instruments, the doctor removes the tonsil through the nose or mouth. The operation is performed under general anesthesia and lasts 30–60 minutes.
  2. Using a special surgical instrument - adenotom. The operation is performed in a hospital under local anesthesia. The doctor inserts a thin ring-shaped knife (adenotome) into the patient's nasal cavity, which grabs and cuts off the adenoids. The procedure takes about 20 minutes to complete.

It is better not to use folk remedies to treat this disease. Incorrectly taken measures can lead to serious complications that will affect the patient’s condition in the future.

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Adenoids in children - what is it, should it be removed or not?

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5 most popular questions about adenoids in adults

Most people consider nasopharyngeal tonsil enlargement to be only a childhood problem. But in recent years, adenoids have become increasingly detected in adults. This is due to the improvement of diagnostic equipment, which makes it possible to examine the nasopharynx in detail and issue a conclusion about the presence and hypertrophy of the nasopharyngeal tonsil. Let us answer in more detail some of the most common questions about this disease in adults.

1. Why did this problem begin to be actively identified only recently?

The pathology was previously considered characteristic only of childhood. The reason for this was the doctor’s meager diagnostic equipment, who could not reliably assess the structure of the nasopharynx in an adult.

The nasopharyngeal tonsil is located deep in the posterior parts of the nose. In children, the doctor could assess its hypertrophy by touch. Those. using the finger method, when the doctor felt the adenoids through the mouth with his fingers and determined their size and consistency.

In an adult, the place where the adenoids are located is less accessible for examination by such methods. Therefore, for a long time this problem remained insufficiently studied in adults and it was believed that after puberty they simply disappeared on their own.

With the development of endoscopic research methods, it became possible to examine the posterior parts of the nose in detail and painlessly. Then it became clear that adenoids in the nose are also found in adults. Approximately every fifth case of nasal congestion is associated with hypertrophy of the nasopharyngeal tonsil.

2. What symptoms may indicate the presence of pathology?

Symptoms of adenoid proliferation in adulthood are somewhat different from children. The adult skeleton is already formed, so they cannot influence the structure of the facial bones and chest, as, for example, in children. Most often, the pathology manifests itself as follows:

  • Nasal congestion and impaired sense of smell.
  • Snoring and noisy nasal breathing.
  • Change in voice timbre and the appearance of nasality.
  • Frequent ear diseases and hearing loss.
  • Regular sinusitis and other respiratory tract diseases.
  • Cough due to irritation of the pharyngeal mucosa by mucus from the adenoids.

Combinations of clinical manifestations can be very diverse. Some patients are not bothered by anything other than causeless headaches, and during a routine examination, significant enlargement of the nasopharyngeal tonsil is revealed.

Important! Inflammation of the adenoids is called adenoiditis. It is characterized by: fever, pain in the nose and green discharge that comes out through the nose or mouth. This disease is often confused with sinusitis, since inflammation of the adenoids in an adult is the last thing people think about.

3. What is the danger of pharyngeal tonsil growth for an adult?

An enlarged nasopharyngeal tonsil causes constant nasal congestion and prevents a person from breathing normally. This is both an aesthetic component, when a person’s mouth is constantly slightly open and he has a nasal sound, and a medical problem, since such a patient often has ear pain, hearing loss and a tendency to catch colds.

Enlarged adenoids are especially difficult for patients with allergies and bronchial asthma. In this regard, if unpleasant symptoms appear, you must undergo an examination by an ENT specialist to identify the source of the problem.

4. How is pathology diagnosed?

At the appointment, the specialist examines the nose and throat using special mirrors, which allows him to identify the presence of a problem. Endoscopy is considered the gold standard for diagnosis.

Adenoids grade 1-2 in adults under an endoscope

It is performed after preliminary local anesthesia. A flexible endoscope is inserted into the patient’s nose, which allows the doctor to examine and record the presence of adenoids, the degree of their growth and consistency, the condition of the auditory tubes and other nuances.

Important! In the area of ​​the posterior fornix of the nasopharynx there may be not only adenoids, but also other neoplasms (cysts, tumors), which may interfere with accurate diagnosis. In difficult cases, a biopsy is performed (a piece of tissue is taken for evaluation under a microscope). Only after this a diagnosis is made and treatment is prescribed.

5. What treatment can modern medicine offer?

In adulthood, surgical treatment is more often chosen, because there is practically no chance that the nasopharyngeal tonsil will shrink on its own. If surgical treatment is contraindicated for some reason, then supportive conservative therapy is carried out:

  • hormonal nasal drops;
  • homeopathic preparations based on medicinal herbs to improve the condition of the tonsil (Sinupret, Cinnabsin, etc.);
  • physiotherapy: magnet, laser therapy, UHF and inhalation;
  • rinsing and irrigating the nose with saline solutions;
  • antibiotics only for inflammation.

In most cases, treatment is surgical. Adenoids can be removed using different methods. The operation is performed both under general anesthesia and local anesthesia. Tonsils are removed under endoscope control if the clinic is equipped with this equipment.

The process of removing the nasopharyngeal tonsil can be performed with a special knife, laser, cryodestructor, coblator or shaver (instrument with microblades). Treatment and choice of anesthesia is carried out by the attending physician, taking into account all examination data and anamnesis.

Adenoids in an adult are not a new problem. Some children outgrow them, while for others they remain and make themselves felt throughout their lives. If a person has doubts and unclear symptoms, he should visit a specialist and find out what is happening in the body.

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Treatment of adenoids in adults

Treatment of adenoids in adults

Do you have a constant problem with nasal breathing? Are you bothered by the feeling of mucus running down the back of your throat? Snore? This is how adenoids can manifest themselves. It is generally accepted that this is an exclusively childhood disease, but the presence of enlarged adenoids in adults is not such a rare occurrence. According to some experts, age does not play any role in this case - adenoids can be diagnosed both in the elderly and in elderly people.

Adenoids are formations of lymphoid tissue located in the nasopharynx. Adenoids most often occur in children aged 3 to 7 years. With age, the nasopharyngeal tonsil decreases in volume, lymphoid tissue is replaced by connective tissue, and by the period of puberty (14-15 years) there are only small remains of lymphoid tissue in the nasopharynx. However, there are cases in which the palatine tonsil in adults does not decrease in volume.

Symptoms of adenoids

The most common symptoms of adenoid hypertrophy are difficulty breathing through the nose and mucus running down the back of the throat, but the following symptoms are also possible:

  • Hearing loss
  • Frequent ear infections and colds
  • Nasal voice
  • Snore
  • Apnea (stopping breathing during sleep)
  • Headache
  • Sinusitis, sinusitis, rhinitis

Causes of adenoids in adults

At risk for the development of adenoids among adults are those who have had sinusitis, sinusitis or allergic rhinitis (with these diseases the immune system often “responds” with the growth of adenoid tissue), other infectious and viral diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

Among other symptoms of adenoid hypertrophy, doctors call a hereditary predisposition to the growth of the nasopharyngeal tonsil, hormonal changes (in particular during puberty), decreased thyroid function, obesity, and other pathologies of the endocrine system.

Diagnosis of adenoids

Recently, adenoid hypertrophy in adults has been increasingly detected due to the widespread introduction of endoscopic equipment into the practice of otolaryngologists. Of course, it is also possible to suspect a diagnosis during routine examinations: Pharyngoscopy – examination of the oral cavity to assess the condition of the oropharynx, the presence of discharge along the back wall of the pharynx, and the condition of the palatine tonsils.

  • Anterior rhinoscopy – examination of the nasal passages, allowing to assess the condition of the nasal passages, to determine the presence of edema discharge in the nasal cavity;
  • Posterior rhinoscopy – examination of the nasal passages by an otolaryngologist using a speculum through the oropharynx;
  • X-ray examination of the nasopharynx (lateral X-ray of the nasopharynx) is an opportunity to more accurately diagnose the presence of adenoids and determine the degree of adenoid vegetations.

The diagnosis can be definitively confirmed only by endoscopic examination of the nasopharynx or on the basis of computed tomography.

Treatment of adenoids at GUTA-CLINIC. Endoscopic adenotomy

To date, there is no more effective way to treat adenoids in adults and children, except adenotomy - surgery to remove the adenoids. However, according to world statistics, “blind” adenotomy gives a fairly large percentage of relapses in the postoperative period (18-62%) - unless it is performed using endoscopic equipment.

Throughout the world, the use of endoscopic equipment has long been the “gold standard” in the surgical treatment of adenoid hypertrophy. At GUTA-CLINIC, endoscopic adenotomy has been successfully performed for a long time using the most modern equipment made in Europe and America.

Endoscopic adenotomy is absolutely painless, because It is performed under general anesthesia and is carried out using high-tech medical equipment, which allows the surgeon to perform a low-traumatic operation as accurately and efficiently as possible and avoid incomplete removal of adenoid tissue. The patient's time in hospital is reduced to 1 day, the duration of the rehabilitation period is also reduced, the percentage of relapses is about 1-2%.

Without treatment, adenoids in adults can lead to many unpleasant consequences:

  • Mouth breathing is the cause of frequent respiratory tract diseases (tonsillitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, tracheitis, etc.), diseases of the nasopharynx (chronic rhinitis), ear (otitis)
  • Impaired oxygen supply to the brain leads to decreased mental activity. Lack of oxygen also causes increased blood pressure, general fatigue, and decreased alertness and performance.
  • Blocking of the mouth of the auditory tubes by adenoids is the cause of the development of chronic diseases of the middle ear.

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How to treat adenoids in an adult with simple means

How to treat adenoids in an adult, if this phenomenon is quite rare. It has been established that they are a disease of children and adolescents; these formations are associated with age-related characteristics of the development of the immune system. Let us consider this disease as a phenomenon that is not at all characteristic of a mature organism.

Deviation in the development of immunity

The pharyngeal tonsil can only be seen with the help of a nasal speculum; it turns into adenoids when the immune system is weakened. The growth in lobules, to compensate for its function, leads to partial or even complete blocking of the nasal passages, then you have to breathe through the mouth. The video shows how the diagnosis is made.

Causes

The advent of modern instrumental methods for examining the nasopharynx has made it possible to establish that adenoids are not exactly a “childhood” disease. As it turned out, about a third of middle-aged and older people have adenoids of varying degrees of development.

  • genetic conditioning;
  • disturbances in the production of hormones by the pituitary gland;
  • diseases and hypofunction of the thyroid gland;
  • decreased metabolic rate causing obesity;
  • pathological changes in the endocrine system;
  • the body's reaction to hyperventilation and carbon dioxide deficiency;
  • ARVI, acute respiratory infections, influenza.

Surgical removal of a pathologically enlarged nasopharyngeal gland in adults is practiced (see Is removal of adenoids justified) when there is a long-term disturbance in nasal breathing that is not amenable to conservative treatment. In this case, a clear weakening of the immune system is observed, colds become more frequent, and allergic diseases appear: runny nose, asthma, herpes.

It is believed that the pharyngeal tonsil, like other lymphoid formations of the nasopharynx, are organs of the immune system, so they are sensitive to infections. That is, during a cold, the tonsil hypertrophies, and after recovery it returns to its normal size. On the other hand, since everything in the body is interconnected, hormonal imbalances can also cause the growth of adenoids.

Symptoms and signs

The ability of adenoids to “pulse” in size, increasing during colds and decreasing in their absence, masks their presence in an adult, which is why they are so rarely diagnosed.

Symptoms of adenoids and warning signs that require a thorough examination by an otolaryngologist are:

  • constantly stuffy nose;
  • the appearance of mucus from the nose in the throat;
  • the appearance of hearing problems;
  • increased inflammation of the middle ear;
  • susceptibility to colds;
  • occasional hearing problems;
  • voice changes, with the appearance of nasality;
  • night snoring, which appeared relatively recently;
  • frequent waking up at night from nasal congestion;
  • more frequent headaches;
  • frequent diagnosis of sinus inflammation.

Such signs may indicate that you have adenoids in the first or second stages of development. The main symptom of the disease is constant nasal congestion. These vegetations are part of our body; they signal that not everything is in order.

Prevention measures

Preventive measures to prevent the appearance of adenoids consist of following simple rules that promote overall health by increasing immunity. The problem is that it is impossible to foresee something that does not yet exist, in this case the adenoids.

Adenoids of the 2nd degree, when it is impossible to breathe through the nose at night, it is too late to “prevent” and needs to be treated. They can appear if the immune system is weakened, and this should not be allowed.

The main preventive measures to help improve the health of the nasopharynx are:

  • For instillation at night, you can use diluted mumiyo;
  • instilling a decoction of celandine into the nose at night.
  • inhalations with buds of coniferous trees;
  • rinsing the nasal cavity with propolis infusion;
  • regular instillation of eucalyptus or thuja essential oils into the nose (see Thuja oil for adenoids: action of the product, recommendations for use and alternatives);
  • Regular rinsing of the nose with herbal decoctions (sage and calendula).

You need to make it a rule to take walks in the fresh air whenever possible, ideally in a pine forest. Physical exercise helps improve blood circulation, increase muscle tone, increase endurance and performance.

Doctors note that modern man suffers from a lack of vitamins. These biologically important substances participate in the body's metabolic processes, being an important factor for sustainable immunity. Natural vitamins are sometimes not enough, so you should get into the habit of taking preventive courses with pharmacy multivitamin complexes.

Therapy

Treatment of hyperplasia is possible conservatively, since the tonsils perform an important function in the body. While children have hope that the adenoids will resolve by puberty, this is hardly possible in adults.

The body of a grown person is fully formed and a pleasant surprise like “it will go away on its own” should not be expected. It is necessary to carry out complex treatment, since adenoids reduce performance and simply interfere with living fully.

Drug treatment

The goal of drug treatment is to relieve swelling of the folds of the nasal mucosa and stop hypertrophic phenomena in the pharyngeal tonsil. When adenoids are identified, therapeutic measures are carried out according to the scheme and established standards. Accordingly, medications are prescribed for swelling and inflammation.

Treatment of adenoids at home is carried out exactly according to the same scheme as in a hospital. Only instead of pharmaceutical ones, they use solutions prepared by themselves for instillation into the nose and rinsing it. Inhalations with decoctions, steam, and also with a nebulizer are also carried out at home. The price of home treatment is noticeably lower.

It is considered useful to prevent tonsil hypertrophy by steaming your feet in a container of heated water. The difference between home methods is that pharmaceutical preparations have instructions, but homemade decoctions do not.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapeutic methods include laser treatment, ultraviolet irradiation, magnetic therapy and electrophoresis. Physiotherapy methods stimulate the body itself to restore and regenerate nasopharyngeal tissues and help reduce hyperplasia.

Inhalation with a nebulizer through nasal nozzles with medicinal solutions can also be classified as physiotherapy. Physiotherapy combined with medication is a powerful treatment for adenoids. Complex therapy allows you to eliminate health threats without resorting to surgery.

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Adenoids in adults

It is generally accepted that adenoids are an exclusively childhood problem. Indeed, this disease most often occurs in children 3-7 years old. With age, the overgrown lymphoid tissue is replaced by connective tissue and gradually atrophies, nasal breathing is completely restored. However, as practice shows, adults often suffer from adenoiditis.

If in children the presence of adenoids is detected during a routine examination by an ENT doctor, then with adults the situation is different, because their nasopharynx is structured differently, and therefore the problem is not so easy to detect. In order to make an accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to carry out a research procedure using special optical equipment - rhinoscopy.

Causes of adenoids in adults

The nasopharyngeal tonsil is formed by lymphoid tissue, which, protecting the human body from infection, grows. If the inflammatory disease of the nasopharynx was cured in a timely manner, then the tissue decreases after recovery. But frequent and long-term infections are quite capable of causing adenoids. Therefore, the risk group primarily includes people from the category of frequently ill patients.

In some cases, adenoids may remain with the patient since childhood. In addition, there are a number of other causes of adenoiditis in adults:

  • hereditary predisposition;
  • disturbances in the activity of the endocrine system;
  • obesity;
  • hormonal imbalance.

Symptoms of adenoids in adults

The symptoms of adult adenoids are practically no different from the symptoms of children's adenoids:

  • difficulty breathing through the nose;
  • constant nasal congestion;
  • purulent discharge from the nasal passages during a cold;
  • headache - occurs as a result of oxygen starvation, which affects all systems and organs of the body and, first of all, the brain;
  • frequent diseases (acute respiratory infections, rhinitis, sinusitis, otitis, sinusitis);
  • snore;
  • nasal and/or hoarseness of voice.

Adenoids in adults: diagnosis

As mentioned above, the main diagnostic method for determining adenoiditis is rhinoscopy - examination of the nasal passages using a special rhinoscope apparatus. Pharyngoscopy (examination of the oral cavity) is also used to detect secretions flowing down the back wall, to determine the condition of the tonsils and to generally assess the condition of the oropharynx. For a more accurate diagnosis and determination of the degree of adenoids, an x-ray of the nasopharynx can also be used.

Degrees of adenoiditis in adults

Just as in the case of children, “adult” adenoids come in different degrees:

  • 1st degree - a person’s nasal breathing is not difficult during the day, but during sleep, in a horizontal position, the problem manifests itself, and the patient can only breathe through the mouth (this occurs due to swelling of the adenoids due to the rush of blood to them);
  • 2nd degree - full nasal breathing is no longer possible even during the day, the patient’s mouth is always slightly open, and characteristic wheezing occurs at night;
  • 3rd degree - the adenoids become so large that problems with hearing begin (they block the ear canal) and speech.

How is adenoids treated in adults?

If we are talking about first-degree adenoids, then conservative treatment can also be quite effective: the use of vasoconstrictor drops in moments of severe nasal congestion and the prescription of antibiotics in cases of exacerbation of adenoiditis (a bacterial culture of the discharge from the nasal passages is first done in order to identify the causative agents of infection for the selection of specific medications) .

Adenoids of grades 2 and 3 usually require treatment through surgery. Today, these operations are classified as low-traumatic and fairly simple. The entire procedure is performed using endoscopic equipment - this reduces the likelihood that the tissue will not be completely removed, because if this happens, then soon enough the adenoids may begin to bother the patient again.

After the operation, the person remains in the hospital for at least another day - during this period complications may arise, for example, nosebleeds. Then, for a certain period of time, the patient will have to take some precautions: eat only warm liquid or semi-liquid food for about a week, avoid physical overload and visits to the sauna, and do not sunbathe.

Adenoids in adults: what complications can there be?

If you do not pay due attention to the treatment of adenoids, dangerous consequences will not take long in the form of:

  • chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract - after all, with difficulty in nasal breathing, patients breathe through the mouth, as a result of which cold, unheated and unpurified air enters directly into the lungs;
  • frequent acute otitis media and decreased hearing function;
  • headaches and dizziness;
  • numerous diseases of internal organs (rheumatism, myocarditis, etc.) - after all, adenoids are a source of infection in the body, which can cause serious complications at any time;
  • disruption of the pituitary gland - due to impaired blood circulation in the nasopharynx and nasal cavity, stagnant processes occur in the pituitary-sellar region, which manifests itself through hearing loss, developmental delays, speech impairment and other very alarming and dangerous symptoms.

Adenoiditis in adults: how to prevent it?

Prevention of adenoids in adults, first of all, includes general strengthening of the immune system: sufficient exposure to fresh air, good nutrition, hardening, physical activity, etc.

One of the main causes of pathological proliferation of lymphoid tissue is untreated advanced inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx. Therefore, another important preventive measure is to consult a doctor and receive competent, comprehensive care at the first signs of ARVI or influenza.

Finally, timely treatment of caries and exacerbations of all existing chronic infections will help prevent the occurrence of adenoids.

Source: http://bezboleznej.ru/adenoidy-u-vzroslyh

Adenoids in the nose in adults: symptoms and treatment

Snoring during sleep, frequently recurring sinusitis, hearing loss, headaches - all these disturbances in the well-being of an adult can indicate a number of pathologies, including adenoiditis.

Until recently, it was generally accepted that only children before adolescence were susceptible to this disease. But a thorough examination of patients by an ENT doctor and the use of instrumental diagnostic methods made it possible to establish that adenoids can also be present in older people.

Causes of adenoid formation in an adult

Adenoids are commonly used to denote an overly enlarged nasopharyngeal tonsil. Normally, it is located in the upper part of the pharynx and is a collection of lymphoid tissue.

The main function of this tonsil is protective; air entering the throat is captured by lymphoid tissue and all pathogenic bacteria in it are neutralized.

In the event of an infection, the tonsil strengthens its work and this leads to the proliferation of its tissues, but after recovery it again becomes normal in size.

It is generally accepted that adenoids most often occur in children of primary school age. The likelihood of this disease increases during childhood, and then during adolescence, due to the restructuring of the body, the lymphoid tissue is replaced by connective tissue and the nasopharyngeal tonsil gradually atrophies.

But this does not always happen, which determines the development of adenoids in adults. Previously, such a diagnosis was not made due to the fact that the structure of the nasopharynx undergoes significant changes by approximately the age of 20 and the nasopharyngeal tonsil cannot be detected during a routine examination. Only the use of a rhinoscope allows the otolaryngologist to accurately determine the pathological proliferation of lymphoid tissue.

Adenoids can remain in an adult from childhood, but more often tonsil hyperplasia occurs under the influence of:

  • Long-term diseases of the oropharynx of an infectious-inflammatory nature.
  • Allergic rhinitis.
  • Endocrine disorders. Adenoids are often detected in patients with reduced thyroid function and obesity.

Studies have shown that people who have a genetic predisposition to enlarged tonsil tissue are more susceptible to the disease.

How the disease manifests itself: main symptoms

All symptoms of hyperplasia of the nasopharyngeal tonsil are associated with the fact that it begins to block not only the nasopharynx, but also the nearby Eustachian tubes. The very first sign that you can pay attention to is difficulty breathing through the nose.

At the same time, there is also a lack of oxygen supply to the membranes of the brain and lung tissue, which causes headache, lethargy and weakness. Another constant symptom of the disease is the release of copious purulent mucus from the nasal passages during the course of colds.

Adenoiditis in adults is also manifested by nasal voice, cough, sleep disturbance and snoring. Symptoms of the disease also depend on how large the nasopharyngeal tonsil is enlarged.

  • Adenoids of the first degree in an adult are manifested by holding the breath only at night. This is due to the fact that in a horizontal position, blood flows to the tonsil, and its size increases. During the day there may be no disturbing symptoms.
  • Second-degree adenoids cause noticeable breathing problems, nasal discharge periodically appears, and snoring bothers you at night.
  • Adenoids of the third degree are manifested by all the symptoms of the disease. In advanced cases, hearing function decreases and spoken speech is impaired.

Enlargement of the pharyngeal tonsil in an adult often becomes the cause of recurring sinusitis and frontal sinusitis. It is possible to develop acute inflammation of the ears. We should not forget that an inflamed tonsil is a constant source of microbes that can spread further throughout the body and cause damage to the heart muscle, kidney tissue, and joints.

Diagnosis of the disease

Typically, an adult turns to an ENT doctor when he has recurring sinusitis or increased snoring at night prevents him from getting enough sleep and reduces his ability to work. In order to establish the exact cause of such pathologies, the otolaryngologist must not only examine and collect complaints from his patient, but also need to conduct a series of examinations.

To identify disorders in the nasopharynx, use:

  • Posterior rhinoscopy. A special mirror is inserted into the patient’s mouth, allowing a clear view of the vault of the throat.
  • X-ray. An enlarged tonsil is visualized on a photograph of the skull taken in a lateral projection.
  • Computed tomography. This study allows you to obtain images showing the structure of the palatine tonsil and nearby structures in a three-dimensional image.
  • Endoscopy. A flexible instrument with a miniature video camera at its end is inserted through the nose or mouth. The image is displayed on the monitor, and the doctor clearly assesses the condition of the oropharynx.

If a malignancy is suspected, a biopsy is indicated. The diagnosis is made only based on the totality of all examinations.

Features of the treatment of adenoids in adults: list of drugs

The selection of treatment for an adult with pharyngeal tonsil hyperplasia should be carried out by a doctor. With the first degree of adenoids, you can most often get by with drug therapy, it includes:

  • Using drops with a vasoconstrictor effect, such as Sanorin, Nazivin. But it must be remembered that they cannot be used for more than a week and it is advisable to use them only when severe nasal congestion interferes with general well-being.
  • Rinsing the oropharynx and nasal passages. This procedure not only flushes out accumulated germs and unnecessary mucus, but also relieves swelling, improves blood circulation and therefore enhances the protective function of lymphoid tissue. For rinsing, you can use both pharmaceutical solutions and compositions prepared independently.
  • The use of drops with a drying effect - Protargol, Collargol. They are buried after washing.
  • Irrigation of the throat with antiseptic sprays. This could be Ingalipt, Hexoral, Orasept.
  • Antibacterial therapy. Antibiotics for adenoids in adults are selected only after a culture is taken from the oropharynx to determine the microflora and sensitivity to drugs.
  • Boosting immunity. The doctor may prescribe special medications to help restore the functioning of the immune system. The body’s resistance also increases after a course of taking vitamin-mineral complexes.
  • Taking antihistamines. The use of allergy medications leads to a reduction in swelling of the tonsils and is especially necessary for those patients who have a history of respiratory allergic reactions.

If the proliferation of tonsils reaches 2-3 degrees, patients are offered their removal.

Adenoid removal in adults

Currently, there is the possibility of endoscopic removal of the tonsils, this reduces the traumatic nature of the operation, minimizes the development of complications and the occurrence of relapses of the disease, and is easier for humans to tolerate. Removing tonsils does not take much time and is performed under local anesthesia.

After removal of the adenoids, the patient usually remains in the hospital for no more than a day. Then, for several days, he must follow all the doctor’s instructions. At this time, you need to eat semi-liquid food, avoid being in the sun for a long time, and avoid overheating the body. The otolaryngologist often prescribes medications to promote healing of the surgical wound.

Surgical removal of adenoids is impossible if there is an acute inflammatory process in the human body. The operation may be refused if a person has severe heart and blood diseases. In other cases, you should not abandon this method of treatment, since the operation allows you to get rid of snoring, constant headaches and fatigue. Naturally, the body’s recovery takes several weeks.

Traditional methods to help cope with adenoids

Of the folk methods to reduce the growth of the nasopharyngeal tonsil, rinsing and inhalation are popular. It is recommended to rinse the nose using a solution of sea salt; it is prepared from a spoonful of spices and a liter of warm water. Inhalations can be carried out with herbal decoctions or essential oils endowed with anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties.

  • Thuja oil helps cope with adenoids. It has anti-edematous and antimicrobial properties. For adenoids, you need to instill two or three drops into each nostril in the evening for 14 days, then take a break for a week and repeat the course.
  • For adenoids, you can use mummy solution as drops. Two tablets of mountain balm are diluted in a glass of warm water and, after infusion, two drops are instilled up to 4 times a day. This treatment is carried out for two weeks, and then after a week it can be repeated again.
  • Sea buckthorn oil is instilled into the nose for 10 days, three drops every three hours.
  • 10 pieces of spicy cloves should be brewed with a glass of boiling water, infused and used in the form of drops or for rinsing the throat.

If you have adenoids, you need to strengthen your immune system. Physical activity and daily exercises, walks in the fresh air, contrast showers, and eating fortified and only healthy foods will help with this.

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Adenoids. Symptoms, causes of inflammation, treatment and removal of adenoids.

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The site provides reference information. Adequate diagnosis and treatment of the disease is possible under the supervision of a conscientious doctor.

Anatomy and physiology of adenoids

Protective cells are found everywhere, but most of all in lymphoid tissue. This tissue is rich in cells such as lymphocytes and is located around every organ.

There are six lymphatic tonsils, which together make up the lymphatic pharyngeal ring.

  • Lingual – located at the root of the tongue.
  • Palatine - paired tonsils, which are located on both sides of the upper palate.
  • The tubal tonsils are also paired tonsils, and are located slightly behind the palatine tonsils, at the beginning of the tubal passages connecting the oral cavity with the middle ear cavity.
  • Nasopharyngeal – adenoids. They are located on the back wall of the nasopharynx, at the junction between the exit of the nasal cavity and the oral cavity.

Normally, the adenoids are part of the lymphatic pharyngeal ring surrounding the oral cavity and its upper part, the nasopharynx. At birth, the lymphatic follicles of the adenoids are not yet developed. But with age, by about three years of life, the body’s defense system is formed in the form of lymphatic follicles, which prevent the entry and spread of infection throughout the body. Lymphatic follicles contain special immune cells (lymphocytes), whose function is to recognize foreign bacteria and destroy them.

Around the age of fourteen to fifteen years, some of the tonsils decrease in size and may disappear altogether, as happens with the adenoids. In an adult, it is very rare to find remnants of lymphoid tissue at the site of the adenoids.

Causes of inflammation of the adenoids

  1. First of all, it is necessary to note the pathological processes occurring in the mother during pregnancy, as well as the presence of birth injuries that contribute to this disease.

In the first trimester of pregnancy, as is known, the formation and formation of all internal organs occurs. An infection that appeared during this period easily leads to abnormalities in the development of internal organs, including adenoids (increase in volume, pathological growth). Taking a large number of harmful medications during pregnancy is also an unfavorable factor in the development of adenoids.

Childbirth is a physiological process associated with the risk of increased trauma to the fetus. This is especially true for his head. When the fetus receives a skull injury or lingers in the mother’s genital tract for a long time, it does not receive the necessary amount of oxygen. As a result, the child subsequently becomes weakened and susceptible to various types of upper respiratory tract infections, which accordingly leads to an enlargement of the adenoids.

  1. The second category of causes appears during the development of the child, starting from the period of gradual maturation of the immune system (from about three years of age) and ending with adolescence (the period of gradual extinction of the physiological functions of the adenoids and their decrease in size). This category of causes includes all sorts of pathological processes occurring at the level of the nasopharynx (sore throat, laryngitis, sinusitis, etc.).
  2. Allergic predisposition (lymphatic diathesis), chronic colds lead to inflammation of the adenoids, as the first immune organs on the path of infection spreading throughout the body. When inflamed, the adenoids enlarge, and over time the normal structure of the tissue changes. Adenoids grow and gradually close the lumen of the nasopharynx, with all the ensuing symptoms.

Symptoms of inflammation of the adenoids

  • First of all, it becomes difficult for the child to breathe through the nose. You can clearly see how he breathes with his mouth open.
  • Following difficulty in nasal breathing, night snoring or snoring appears.
  • When an infection occurs, symptoms of inflammation of the nose (rhinitis) and nasopharynx are detected. Runny nose, sneezing, nasal discharge - all these are signs of rhinitis.
  • Enlarged tonsils close the lumen of the canal that connects the oral cavity to the ear, as a result of which the patient experiences some hearing loss.
  • A nasal voice or a low timbre of the voice appears in cases where the adenoids almost completely block the exit from the nasal cavity. Normally, when speaking, sound penetrates the paranasal sinuses and resonates, that is, amplified.
  • Adenoid type of facial skeleton. A long open mouth when breathing and constant nasal congestion create conditions under which a special facial expression called adenoid is formed. The child’s facial skeleton gradually elongates, the upper jaw and nasal passages narrow, the lips do not close completely, and bite deformities appear. If this pathology is not recognized in time in childhood and appropriate measures are not taken, the specified skeletal deformation in the form of an adenoid facial expression remains for the rest of life.

Diagnosis of adenoids

Treatment of adenoids

As mentioned above, it involves the use of medications. It is used in the initial stages of development of the pathological process. To decide on the choice of this treatment method, the following are provided:

  1. The degree of enlargement of the glands. As a rule, the adenoids should not be too large, which corresponds to 1-2 degrees of hypertrophy (enlargement).
  2. There should be no signs of chronic inflammation (redness, soreness, swelling, etc.).
  3. There are no functional disorders of the gland. (Normally, the adenoids contain lymphatic tissue that fights infection and prevents it from entering the body.)

Over time, with proper care and compliance with all doctor's instructions, the size of the adenoids can decrease, and the need for surgical removal disappears.

Medicines used to treat adenoids include:

  1. Antihistamines, that is, those that reduce allergic reactions in the body. The mechanism of action of this group of drugs is to prevent the formation of biological active substances, under the influence of which allergic and inflammatory reactions occur in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Antihistamines reduce swelling, pain, pathological discharge from the nose (mucus), in a word, they eliminate the symptoms of a runny nose (if any).

Antihistamines are widely known drugs such as pipolfen, diphenhydramine, diazolin (mebhydrolin), suprastin and many others. When prescribing this group of drugs, it should be taken into account that some of them have hypnotic activity, so their excessive use can lead to this undesirable side effect.

  1. Antiseptic agents are used for local use. For example, protargol and collargol contain microparticles of silver, which have an inhibitory effect on microbes.
  2. To strengthen the immune system, take multivitamin preparations.
  3. Warming, ultrasonic currents, and other physiotherapeutic procedures are carried out in conjunction with other general and local medications.

Surgical method

The use of surgical treatment is justified in the following cases:

  • In cases where it is not possible to obtain favorable results from conservative treatment for a long time.
  • With significant growth of adenoids, corresponding to stages 3-4 of enlargement. Nasal breathing becomes so difficult that the child is constantly in an asphyxial state (from lack of oxygen in the body tissues), metabolic processes and the functioning of the cardiovascular system are disrupted.
  • Enlarged, pathologically altered glands serve as a source of spread of various types of pathogenic bacteria (staphylococci, streptococci).

A surgical operation to remove adenoids or, in medical terms, adenotomy, is performed both in inpatient (hospital) and outpatient (clinic) conditions. Before the operation begins, it is imperative to carry out a special examination to prevent the occurrence of unwanted reactions or side effects. For this purpose, a preliminary examination of the nasal and oral cavities is carried out. Using a special mirror or endoscope, the nasopharynx is examined to determine the extent of the lesion, as well as to determine the extent of surgical intervention.

Additional tests are mandatory: laboratory tests of urine and blood. After examination by a pediatrician or therapist, you can begin the operation.

Adenotomy is performed under local anesthesia, or under short-term general anesthesia, during which the child falls into a narcotic sleep for a short time. The operation is performed with a special device called a ring-shaped knife - adenotom.

Removing adenoids is a simple operation and therefore, if there are no complications in the form of heavy bleeding or accidental entry of a piece of cut tissue into the respiratory tract, the child is allowed to go home a few hours after the operation.

The patient is recommended to rest in bed for one or two days; food taken should be pureed and not hot. Sudden movements with increased physical activity are limiting.

Contraindications for adenotomy are:

  • Blood diseases in which there is a high risk of postoperative complications in the form of bleeding or a sharp decrease in immunity with the addition of a secondary infection. Such diseases include hemophilia, hemorrhagic diathesis, leukemia.
  • Severe dysfunction of the cardiovascular system.
  • Enlargement of the thymus gland. This gland is responsible for the immune response in the body and when it increases, the risk of excessive protective reactions increases with the development of inflammatory phenomena in the nasopharynx, swelling and blockage of the upper respiratory tract.
  • Acute diseases of an infectious inflammatory nature, such as tonsillitis, bronchitis or pneumonia, also serve as a contraindication for surgery. Adenotomy in these cases is usually performed later after recovery.

Prevention of adenoid inflammation

  • Firstly, they take measures to increase the body's defenses. They include hardening procedures (wiping with a wet towel, walking in the fresh air, active sports, and many others).
  • Eating fresh vegetables and fruits will enrich the body with beneficial vitamins and essential minerals for the normal functioning of organs and systems, and will also further strengthen the immune status. In the spring, when there is a lack of fresh vegetables and fruits, they resort to taking multivitamin preparations as a supplement to the main diet.
  • If, nevertheless, a child often suffers from colds of the upper respiratory tract (sore throat, sinusitis, rhinitis), it is necessary to promptly take appropriate treatment prescribed by a doctor in order to avoid the appearance of chronic forms of the course. Long-term and chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract can be a source of pathological proliferation of adenoids.

In combination with taking vitamin preparations, for chronic tonsillitis, tonsillitis, rhinitis, it is recommended to give the child medications that increase the body's immune response. Herbal tea with echinacea extract has a pronounced stimulating effect aimed at strengthening the body's defenses. Among the medications taken, the following drugs are taken: Immunal, Ribomunil and others.

What are the degrees of development of adenoids?

The enlarged size of the adenoids prevents air from entering the Eustachian tube (auditory tube). The auditory tube is necessary to balance the difference in atmospheric pressure in the middle ear cavity. As a result, sound perception deteriorates, and conditions are created for the development of otitis media (inflammation of the tympanic cavity).

Do adenoids occur in adults and how to treat them?

  • chronic rhinitis;
  • chronic sinusitis;
  • the presence of adenoids in childhood.

Chronic rhinitis is a long-term inflammatory process of the nasal mucosa. With rhinitis, the secretion that forms in the nose enters the nasopharynx, where the pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids) is located. Prolonged irritation of the adenoids by mucus leads to a gradual proliferation of the latter. If rhinitis continues for more than 2 to 3 months, then the adenoids can significantly increase in size and partially or completely close the lumen of the choanae (the openings through which the pharynx communicates with the nasal passages) and the vomer (the bone that is part of the nasal septum). It is worth noting that chronic rhinitis can occur not only due to prolonged infection of the nasal mucosa or due to severe air pollution, but also be of allergic origin. That is why people who suffer from seasonal allergies should be periodically observed by an ENT doctor.

  • Stage 1 proliferation is characterized by a slight increase in the size of the adenoids. In this case, the pharyngeal tonsil closes the upper part of the lumen of the nasal passages. As a rule, grade 1 adenoids cause little or no discomfort, making them difficult to detect. The most common manifestation of small adenoids is the appearance of snoring during sleep. The fact is that during a long stay in a horizontal position, the adenoids increase in size and make breathing through the nose difficult. Most often, in this case, ENT doctors choose conservative treatment and only operate on the adenoids in the absence of the required effect.
  • The 2nd degree of proliferation is an enlarged pharyngeal tonsil, which covers half of the nasal passages. In this case, in addition to night snoring, suffocation may occur. Due to difficulty in nasal breathing during sleep, the mouth opens slightly and the tongue may fall inward. Also, breathing through the nose becomes difficult not only at night, but also during the day. Inhaling air through the mouth, especially in winter, causes various acute respiratory diseases (ARIs). In most cases, grade 2 adenoids are treated only with surgery.
  • Stage 3 growth in adults is quite rare. In this case, the pharyngeal tonsil completely or almost completely closes the lumen of the nasal passages. Due to significant growth, air does not enter the auditory tube, which is necessary to equalize the atmospheric pressure in the tympanic cavity (middle ear cavity). Long-term disruption of the ventilation of the tympanic cavity leads to hearing impairment, as well as to inflammatory processes in the middle ear cavity (otitis media). Also, people with grade 3 adenoids very often suffer from various infectious diseases of the respiratory tract. In this case, there is only one treatment - surgical removal of the overgrown pharyngeal tonsil.

Is it possible to treat adenoids with folk remedies?

  • Drops from St. John's wort and celandine. You need to take 10 grams of St. John's wort herb and grind it into powder. Next, you need to add 40 grams of butter, then place in a water bath. For each teaspoon of this mixture you need to add 4 - 5 drops of juice from the celandine herb. A mixture of St. John's wort and celandine is instilled up to 4 times a day, 2 - 3 drops into each nostril. The duration of treatment is from 7 to 10 days. If necessary, the course of treatment should be repeated, but not earlier than after 14 days.
  • Anise herb tincture. You should take 15 - 20 grams of dried anise herb and pour 100 milliliters of ethyl alcohol into it. Then leave for 7 – 10 days in a dark place. In this case, it is necessary to thoroughly shake the tincture once a day. After 10 days, the contents should be strained through cheesecloth. Next, add 300 milliliters of cold water to the tincture and instill 12–15 drops into each nasal passage 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 10–14 days.
  • Beetroot juice. Honey is added to freshly squeezed beet juice in a 2:1 ratio. This mixture should be dripped up to 5 times a day into each nasal passage, 5 to 6 drops. The duration of treatment is 14 days.
  • A collection of oak bark, St. John's wort and mint leaves. You should mix 2 tablespoons of oak bark, 1 tablespoon of mint leaves, and 1 tablespoon of St. John's wort herb. For each tablespoon of this collection, add 250 milliliters of cold water, then put on fire and bring to a boil. You need to boil for no more than 5 minutes, and then leave for 60 minutes. The resulting mixture should be instilled 3 - 5 drops 3 times a day. The course of treatment should be 7–10 days.
  • Aloe juice. Freshly squeezed juice from aloe leaves must be mixed with filtered water in a 1:1 ratio. This solution is instilled 2 - 3 drops every 4 hours. The duration of treatment should not exceed 10 days. If necessary, the course of treatment can be repeated after 14 days.
  • Thuja oil. Thuja essential oil (15% solution) should be instilled 2 - 4 drops 3 times a day. The duration of treatment is 14 days. After a week's break, the course of treatment should be repeated again.

It is worth noting that the use of the above-mentioned folk remedies is not effective when we are talking about large adenoids that completely or almost completely cover the lumen of the nasal passages. The only correct treatment tactic in this case is surgical removal of the overgrowth of adenoids.

In what cases does adenoid removal occur under anesthesia?

When should adenoids be removed?

  • 2 – 3 degree of adenoid proliferation. Depending on the size, there are 3 degrees of adenoid proliferation. First degree adenoids are relatively small and cover only the upper part of the lumen of the nasal passages. In this case, there are practically no symptoms, and the main manifestation is snoring or snoring during sleep. This is due to the fact that in a horizontal position the pharyngeal tonsil increases slightly in size and disrupts normal nasal breathing. Second-degree adenoids are larger in size and can cover half or even two-thirds of the lumen of the nasal passages. In this case, breathing through the nose becomes difficult not only at night, but also during the day. With third-degree adenoids, the pharyngeal tonsil completely or almost completely closes the lumen of the nasal passages. Due to the fact that nasal breathing becomes impossible, air can only enter through the mouth (the air is not warmed or purified). Adenoids of the 2nd and 3rd degrees can significantly worsen the quality of life and cause acute respiratory diseases, otitis media (inflammation of the middle ear cavity), hearing loss, and also negatively affect mental abilities in childhood (due to oxygen starvation of brain cells).
  • Lack of positive results with conservative treatment of adenoids. It is customary to begin treating adenoids of the first and sometimes second degree with medication. In this case, drugs are prescribed that help reduce swelling of the nasal mucosa and have an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect. If no positive dynamics from the use of medications is observed within 2–4 weeks, then, as a rule, they resort to surgical removal of the adenoids.
  • Frequent respiratory system infections. Large adenoids can completely or almost completely close the lumen of the nasal passages, which impairs nasal breathing. In this case, air enters the respiratory tract not through the nose, but through the mouth, that is, it is not warmed and not cleared of pathogens (nasal secretions contain enzymes that have an antibacterial effect). In this case, favorable conditions are created for the occurrence of infectious diseases such as influenza, sore throat, bronchitis and pneumonia.
  • Hearing impairment. Overgrowth of the pharyngeal tonsil can also adversely affect hearing. By closing the lumen of the nasal passages, the adenoids do not allow air to penetrate into the auditory tube (Eustachian tube). The Eustachian tube is needed to balance the pressure in the tympanic cavity. In the absence of normal ventilation, hearing loss occurs, and conditions are created for the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the middle ear cavity.
  • Sleep apnea (stopping breathing). One of the manifestations of adenoid growths is a nighttime cessation of breathing for more than 10 seconds (apnea). Apnea occurs due to retraction of the root of the tongue. When breathing through the mouth, the lower jaw drops slightly, and the tongue can cause blockage in the larynx. With sleep apnea, children wake up tired and lethargic in the morning.
  • Detection of adenoids in adults. Previously, it was believed that overgrowth of adenoids could only occur in childhood, and in adults the pharyngeal tonsil is in an atrophied state. It has now been established that adults, as well as children, can have adenoids, but they can only be diagnosed due to the anatomical structure of the nasopharynx using endoscopic examination (examination of the nasopharynx using a special flexible tube with an optical camera at the end). If adenoids are discovered in an adult patient, then surgery is most likely necessary. The fact is that the use of drug treatment at this age very rarely gives positive results.

It is also worth mentioning the fact that surgery to remove adenoids also has contraindications.

  • pulmonary tuberculosis;
  • hemophilia or other blood diseases that interfere with the clotting process;
  • diabetes mellitus in the stage of decompensation;
  • active infectious diseases of the respiratory system (pharyngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.) and nasopharynx;
  • benign or malignant neoplasms (tumors);
  • anomalies in the development of the hard or soft palate.

Can thuja oil be used to treat adenoids?

  • Stage 1 of adenoid proliferation is manifested by the fact that the pharyngeal tonsil covers only the upper third of the lumen of the nasal passages. At the same time, nasal breathing is practically undisturbed during the day, and the only symptom of small adenoids is nasal congestion at night. The fact is that when you stay in a horizontal position for a long time, the adenoids become slightly larger. This is manifested by the appearance of snoring or snoring.
  • 2nd degree of proliferation is characterized by larger sizes of the pharyngeal tonsil. Second-degree adenoids cover the choanae (openings connecting the nose and pharynx) and the vomer (bone involved in the formation of the nasal septum) by half or even not two-thirds. Nasal breathing becomes difficult not only at night, but also during the day. As a result, breathing is carried out through the mouth, which increases the likelihood of acute respiratory diseases, especially in winter. In addition to this, the voice also changes. It becomes nasal due to obstruction of the nose (closed nasality).
  • Stage 3 growth represents adenoids of significant size, which are completely or almost completely capable of closing the lumens of the nasal passages. With adenoids of such large size, nasal breathing is impossible. With prolonged breathing through the mouth, children develop the so-called “adenoid face” (constantly open mouth, change in the shape of the face and upper jaw). Hearing loss also occurs due to impaired ventilation of the auditory tubes, which greatly complicates the conduction of sound vibrations from the eardrum to the labyrinth.

Treatment of adenoids with thuja oil should be prescribed for the growth of adenoids corresponding to grade 1 or 2. If the adenoids reach significant sizes (grade 2 - 3), then the conservative (medicinal) method of treatment is not able to give the necessary results and in this case they resort to surgery.

Thuja oil is used as follows. Thuja essential oil (15% solution) is instilled 2 to 4 drops into each nasal passage 2 to 3 times a day. The duration of treatment is, on average, 14 – 15 days. After a seven-day break, the course of treatment with thuja oil must be repeated again.

What not to do after adenoid removal?

  • Avoid taking medications containing acetylsalicylic acid. After adenotomy, during the first days, body temperature can rise up to 37.ºC. To reduce fever, it is necessary to use only those drugs that do not contain acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). The fact is that this drug, in addition to antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, also has a blood-thinning effect (reduces the rate of platelet adhesion). Due to the fact that after surgery there is a small likelihood of nosebleeds (epistaxis), taking acetylsalicylic acid or its derivatives can significantly increase the occurrence of this complication. That is why during the first 10 days after adenotomy you should completely avoid taking aspirin and other medications that can thin the blood.
  • Use of vasoconstrictor medications. After surgery, it is extremely important to reduce swelling of the nasal mucosa. For this, as a rule, nasal drops with a vasoconstrictor effect (galazolin, xymelin, sanorin, otrivin, etc.) are used. Also, these nasal drops to a certain extent reduce the chance of nosebleeds. In addition, drugs that have an astringent (reduces secretion), anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic effects can be prescribed. This group includes drugs such as protargol, poviargol or collargol (an aqueous colloidal solution containing silver).
  • Dieting. It is equally important for 1 to 2 weeks after surgery to follow a diet that excludes the intake of solid, uncut, and hot foods. Rough food can mechanically injure the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, and excessively hot food leads to dilation of the vessels of the mucous membrane, which can cause nosebleeds. Preference should be given to food with a liquid consistency, rich in all essential nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, fats), as well as vitamins and minerals.
  • Avoid hot baths. In the first 3 to 4 days after adenotomy, it is forbidden to take a hot shower, bath, visit a sauna or bathhouse, or stay in the sun for a long time. This is due to the fact that under the influence of high temperatures, the vessels of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx can expand, which increases the likelihood of bleeding.
  • Limiting physical activity. For 2–3 weeks after surgical removal of the adenoids, physical activity should be completely avoided. This is due to the fact that during physical activity in the postoperative period, nosebleeds may occur. It is best to refrain from physical activity for up to 4 weeks.

Is it possible to cure adenoids without resorting to surgery?

  • Small size of adenoids. In total, there are three degrees of adenoid proliferation. The first degree of proliferation is characterized by the fact that the size of the adenoids is relatively small and the pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids) close the lumen of the nasal passages only in the upper part. Second-degree adenoids, in turn, are larger in size and are capable of covering two-thirds of the lumen of the nasal passages. If the pharyngeal tonsil completely or almost completely covers the vomer (a bone that is part of the nasal septum) and choanae (the openings through which the pharynx communicates with the nasal passages), then in this case we are talking about third-degree adenoids. Drug treatment is carried out only in cases where the pharyngeal tonsil is relatively small in size, which corresponds to the first degree of adenoid proliferation. A conservative treatment method can also be applied to second-degree adenoid growths, but the likelihood of recovery in this case is less than 50%.
  • No significant nasal breathing disturbances. The main manifestation of adenoids is impaired nasal breathing due to the closure of the lumen of the nasal passages. Also, normal nasal breathing is disrupted due to frequent nasal congestion and the secretion of copious and viscous secretions that fill the nasal passages. In this case, breathing through the nose is impossible. The air enters the respiratory system through the mouth and is not warmed, not humidified and may contain various microorganisms. Impaired nasal breathing, especially in winter, significantly increases the likelihood of infectious diseases such as pharyngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and influenza. Another dangerous disorder of nasal breathing is the occurrence of night apnea (stopping breathing). During sleep, when breathing through the mouth, the lower jaw drops slightly, which can lead to a recessed tongue.
  • No hearing impairment. An increase in the size of the pharyngeal tonsil can lead to closure of the lumen of the auditory tubes and disruption of its ventilation. In the future, this is manifested by hearing loss due to disruption of the conduction of sound vibrations from the eardrum to the labyrinth. Also, impaired ventilation of the Eustachian tube often causes catarrhal otitis media (inflammation of the tympanic cavity).
  • No frequent inflammation of the nasal mucosa. With the growth of first-degree adenoids, swelling and inflammation of the nasal mucosa occurs extremely rarely. Adenoids of the second and third degrees, in turn, lead to chronic rhinitis (inflammation of the nasal mucosa), in which the secretion of viscous and thick mucus occurs, closing the lumen of the nasal passages. In this case, nasal breathing becomes impossible both at night and during the day. Against the background of chronic rhinitis, various acute respiratory diseases can occur, since air enters the lungs through the mouth.

A conservative treatment method involves the use of various medications that facilitate nasal breathing, reduce nasal secretion (astringent effect), and have anti-edematous, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects. In some cases, they resort to the use of antiallergic medications, since rhinitis can occur due to the entry of certain allergens into the body.

In addition, you can use traditional medicine. Thuja oil has proven itself well. This essential oil has a good anti-edematous and vasoconstrictor effect. Laser therapy is also often used, which is based on the effect of a directed light flux on cells. Laser therapy helps reduce swelling and the severity of the inflammatory reaction. The course of treatment includes 10 – 15 sessions, which are carried out daily.

Is it possible to treat adenoids with laser?

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