Blood from the nose in a 2 year old child

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Baby nose blood snot

Runny nose with blood

A runny nose can appear in both a child and an adult. It’s rare, of course, but it happens that a child may develop a runny nose with blood. Don't be alarmed, parents, we will explain the causes of a runny nose with blood.

Table of contents:

The mucous membrane of the nasal cavity consists of many capillaries; in children, the Kegelbach plexus is located very close to the membrane of the nasal mucosa; this arrangement, when blowing the nose even gently, can cause a rupture of one of the capillaries, which is why a little blood is released. Why do they burst? The fact is that capillaries are very fragile and have thin walls. In this case, the child needs to contact a pediatrician; doctors generally recommend treatment with ascorutin, which will make the baby’s blood vessels stronger.

There are many vessels and capillaries in the nose; they receive a large amount of blood, which is needed to warm the air, since it goes further to the lungs. All vessels and capillaries are located on the surface of the mucous membrane and are very easy to damage. But, if you notice that more than once your child has snot and blood coming out of his nose, this needs to be treated, otherwise weak capillaries that rupture can lead to bleeding.

What causes capillaries to burst?

Let's list a few reasons:

  1. Strong and inaccurate nose blowing.
  2. If the child spends a long time in an unventilated room where there is little moisture in the air.
  3. Colds .
  4. Reduced immunity, lack of vitamins.
  5. Adolescence, the period of development of the body.
  6. Neurocirculatory dystonia (symptoms: constant headaches, tinnitus, nosebleeds are regular).

If nosebleeds are very rare, there is no need to worry or panic, but if they are constant, regular, this can develop into diseases such as leukemia and hemophilia. In this case, you need to visit the Laura.

For what symptoms should you consult a doctor:

  • Blood flows from the nose for more than 30 minutes, and it cannot be stopped.
  • When bleeding occurs in a small child (from 1 month to three years).
  • The occurrence of nosebleeds due to a head injury or high fever.
  • If the nosebleed is accompanied by itchy skin and a rash on the body.

Will consider several life stories of people who faced the problem of a runny nose with blood and consultations with specialists on this matter:

  1. I have been sick with bronchitis for about a month and can’t get rid of a runny nose with blood. The discharge from the nose is very thick, yesterday there was little blood, but today it seems that bleeding has started from the sinuses, I feel pain in the nose area. What to do?

The specialist answers: Dear Lara, apparently you were previously treated for a runny nose and quit halfway when the inflammatory process subsided - you can’t do that. This is what caused the nosebleed. You need to contact an ENT specialist so that he can give you an accurate diagnosis and immediately prescribe the necessary medications for treatment. If a runny nose occurs against the background of a cold, it cannot be treated with vasoconstrictor drops - this will lead to disruption of the functioning of the choroid of the nose, you will experience swelling, a stuffy nose, and it will be more difficult for you to cure a runny nose. If you drip vascular drops for a very long time, this can lead to the growth of polyps and their formation, in the future you will need to remove them. Hormonal medications against the common cold have a bad effect on your hormonal levels. You should not constantly rinse your nose - this will lead to diseases such as sinusitis and otitis media. My advice to you is to spend more time in the fresh air.

  1. In the autumn and spring, nasal discharge often appears in the morning in the form of dried blood. What is it and what should I do?

Expert's answer: Dear Olga, apparently you rarely ventilate your room or your indoor air is very dry. Apply vegetable oil to the nasal mucosa before bed to moisturize. Another great way is wet gauze; hang it on the radiator overnight, so you will have a higher percentage of humidity in the room.

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What to do if your baby has a runny nose and blood?

A runny nose with blood in a baby is a clear reason to take the child to the pediatrician. In most cases, a runny nose with blood occurs in older children in response to strong nose blowing and finger picking. Since infants do not know how to do all this, blood in their snot can be a sign of serious illness.

  1. Rupture of one or more capillaries in the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx;
  2. The appearance of wounds, ulcers and cracks in the mucous membrane.

But these reasons are already secondary. But what leads to the destruction of blood vessels or the appearance of wounds in the nose should be determined by the doctor.

What can a runny nose with blood mean in a baby?

The most dangerous diseases in which a baby may experience a constant runny nose with blood are various blood clotting disorders, including hemophilia. And although it is known that with this disease, hemorrhages most often occur inside the body, it is blood streaks in the mucus from the nose of an infant that can be one of the first signs of the disease.

The presence of blood in the nasal mucus of an infant may be caused by increased intracranial pressure. If this is so, then the sooner the doctor establishes such a connection, the more effective further treatment will be in order to normalize this pressure.

Coagulated blood in nasal mucus

Blood is present in small quantities in the snot with severe rhinitis of a viral or bacterial nature. Rhinitis itself provokes vascular damage. In general, it is normal if blood is caught in the snot once a day in barely noticeable quantities. But here only a doctor should prescribe treatment for the viral or bacterial infection itself.

Sometimes the cause of blood in a baby's snot can be improper home treatment for a viral or bacterial runny nose. For example:

  1. With frequent and long-term use of vasoconstrictor drops (even those specially adapted for infants), the nasal mucosa dries out, and drug-induced rhinitis will develop in parallel, which will lead to cracking of dry mucus and the appearance of bleeding wounds in the nose.
  2. When onion and garlic juices or some hormonal drops are instilled into a child’s nose, extensive ulcers of the mucous membrane develop.

Vitamin deficiencies can also cause fragility of capillaries in the nose. Most often, blood in a child’s mucus is present due to a lack of vitamin C in the diet. However, to definitely confirm this diagnosis, bloody discharge must be present without rhinitis.

It is necessary to be able to distinguish a runny nose with blood from a nosebleed. In the first case, blood appears only in the snot when it is removed from the nose. When bleeding, blood constantly flows from the nose, regardless of mucus production.

Blood without snot is a sign of mechanical damage to the nasal mucosa or capillary fragility

When does a runny nose with blood not require calling a doctor?

It is not always necessary to worry and call a doctor when streaks of blood appear in the nasal mucus of a baby. This is not required if:

  1. Blood appeared in the snot one or several times in very small quantities - literally in the form of one or two veins. These are only accidental injuries that can be caused by crying or manipulating the aspirator. If such bloody inclusions begin to appear in the mucus constantly or there are too many of them in the snot at one time, this is already a reason to show the baby to the doctor.
  2. A runny nose with blood appeared after the mucus in the child’s nose dried out. The initial blame for this lies with the parents, who did not ensure proper hydration of the baby’s mucous membranes, as well as the air in the room. Dry crusts in the nose of an infant can easily crack and form bleeding wounds. However, in this case, the blood in the snot also does not appear for long - at most minutes, until the wound heals. In this case, parents need to constantly drip saline solution into the child’s nose to moisturize the mucous membrane, and at night lubricate the crusts in the nose with simple oils - Vaseline, olive, peach.

If crusts form in a child’s nose and there is a risk of wounds and cracks, the mucous membrane must be constantly moisturized

All this applies only to cases in which there is very little blood in the mucus and it is rarely released. It is unlikely that parents will call such situations a runny nose with blood. Typically, this term refers to constant and heavy bleeding, which is a sign of a serious illness.

“This is a real scourge for us. Throughout the first year of life, no matter the runny nose, there was blood in the snot. They showed Sasha to the doctor, took tests, nothing suspicious. The ENT specialist suspects simply fragility of the blood vessels, and prescribed complexes with ascorbic acid. But by about a year and a half, all this had passed. Maybe the ascorbic acid worked, maybe my nose just got stronger.”

What should parents do if their infant has a runny nose with blood?

If a baby develops a runny nose with blood, it should be shown to a doctor. If a child does not have an obvious acute respiratory viral infection or bacterial rhinitis, and blood appears in the snot constantly, especially every day or every time he blows his nose, the reason for this must be found out.

Modern medicine has a sufficient arsenal of tools that will help even a child with hematopoietic disorders feel normal

After the examination, the doctor will prescribe both means to strengthen the nasal mucosa itself, and possible systemic drugs. It is impossible to independently try to give a child herbal decoctions that strengthen the walls of blood vessels, or even more so to smear his nose with ointments. Without knowing the reasons, you can carry out completely useless treatment, in parallel with which the underlying disease will progress.

Remember: an infant is not an object for experiments and testing the advice of grandmothers and unknown authors on forums. The doctor must see and evaluate his runny nose with blood along with the entire clinical picture in order to ascertain the cause as reliably as possible and prescribe competent treatment. Absentee and unreasonable treatment in this case is unacceptable!

Perhaps it will help you:

Video: Nosebleeds in a child

Hello, my baby is 6 months old and this morning when I cleaned her nose she came out with milky snot. She caught a cold 2-3 days ago and has a runny nose. Every time we cleaned her nose so that it would be easier for her to breathe... and today I saw her snot and now I’m worried. tell me what can be done

It's hard to say exactly from your description. It could be an injury from you cleaning her nose, or something more serious. Do not read your nose with an aspirator yet and do not reach there with anything - neither cotton swabs nor your fingers. To clear your nose, instill 1-2 drops of saline solution, this will moisturize the mucous membrane and make it easier for snot to come out on its own. If the blood in the sputum persists, show the child to the doctor; if there is no more snot with blood, just do not touch the child’s nose. Under normal conditions, there is no need to clean it; the snot will flow out on its own. If they don’t leak, it means the conditions in the room are not suitable.

Bleeding from the nose: why blood flows during colds and runny nose

Bleeding from the nose occurs in every person, some rarely suffer from this problem - some more often.

But, according to many social surveys, a very small percentage of people know why bleeding occurs and how to properly stop it.

The most common response is to tilt your head back to prevent blood from flowing out of your nostrils and wait until the bleeding stops. This is a fundamentally wrong judgment.

Why does my nose bleed?

A common symptom of a cold is a runny nose - a virus that affects the nasal mucosa. A cold acts as a source of the problem, but the cause is precisely rhinitis (runny nose).

In different stages of rhinitis, different manifestations can be traced:

  • The reflex stage – when the body is hypothermic, develops quickly over several hours. The nasal passages swell - this is caused by primary narrowing and then dilation of blood vessels. Breathing becomes difficult, a burning sensation and dryness prevail.
  • Catarrhal stage – when the nasal mucosa is affected by cold viruses. The recognition of odors decreases, breathing becomes difficult, and snot appears. The influence of viruses on the vessels of the nose provokes general ailments: stuffy ears, watery eyes, and nasal sound.
  • The third stage is considered to be damage to the mucous membrane by dangerous bacteria. This stage is distinguished by an improvement in general condition, restoration of breathing, and return of the sense of smell. But, the discharge from the nostrils takes on a thick, viscous appearance.

Blood can occur at any stage of a runny nose - this is explained by several conditions: general and acute.

Causes of bleeding from a cold

In acute colds, nosebleeds often occur. The disease creates a series of conditions in which blood flow occurs frequently and can recur continuously until the person recovers.

Acute bleeding due to a cold:

  • Cold viruses put pressure on blood vessels, causing them to weaken and become fragile. In this position, blood vessels can burst even with slight nose blowing or sneezing - the first and most common cause of bleeding.
  • Inflammation of the mucous membrane - areas that become very dry are formed. Crusts form on overdried areas - blood flows out when the crusts are torn off when blowing your nose and sneezing. Also, the crusts come off easily when cleaning the nose with a tissue or water.

These reasons appear only during illness, but there are a number of side and hidden diseases of the body that become more active during the cold period.

Therefore, there are general bleeding conditions that are worth considering along with those listed.

Common Causes of Bleeding

Red blood cells from the nose can flow at any time, in any weather. You need to make sure whether the current is a gift of a cold, or this is another random reaction of the body.

There are also cases when a cold acts as a catalyst, and the cause of bleeding lies in the body or in the actions of the person himself.

  • Mechanical damage - blood appears from scratches, ruptures of the internal tissues of the nose. It’s easy to get such an injury – just stick a finger or some object into your nostrils. When you have a cold or inflammation of the mucous membrane, the nose and nostrils are in a state of irritation and itch - scratching carelessly can cause mechanical injury.
  • High blood pressure - when blood pressure rises, blood can flow, both with a cold and in a healthy state. When sick, the walls of the nasal vessels become thinner, and when pressure increases, they burst. For some people, thin vessels are a normal condition, and when pressure increases, this leads to blood flow.

Note! Intracranial pressure increases in the early hours, during exertion, or with a sudden change in body position - at these moments bleeding can occur.

  • Drying of the mucous membrane - while the vessels become fragile, dried crusts may appear in the nose. Dryness of the mucous membrane is explained by both a cold and a long stay in a room with dry air.
  • Physical condition – blood often flows when the body is overtired, vitamin deficiency, or lack of sleep. The listed living conditions sometimes occur in every person, but with a cold their likelihood increases.

To understand what conditions became the source of bleeding, it is enough to examine the space of the nostrils. Dryness of the mucous membrane, overdried crusts and mechanical damage are easy to notice. Blood pressure needs to be monitored, especially in patients. Constriction and dilation of blood vessels is characteristic of redness and swelling of the nose.

How to stop nosebleeds

First you need to figure out what not to do: throw your head back and blow your nose.

When you tilt your head, blood can get into the stomach, and worse, into the windpipe.

You need to make sure that the blood flows only from the nostrils, that it does not flow from the mouth. The substance must be free of lumps, the person must not be pale - otherwise it is better to immediately call an ambulance.

Important! If a nosebleed is caused by a blow to the head, an ambulance should be called immediately.

Let's say the substance is clean, without lumps. There was no previous blow to the head. The man is not pale, he does not feel sick. What to do in such a situation?

How to stop nosebleeds:

  • Calm down – panic does not lead to good results. If the room is stuffy, ask for ventilation.
  • Sit with your head slightly tilted forward so that the blood flows out rather than running down your throat.
  • Using two fingers, press the soft part of your nose below the bridge of your nose. Apply a cool, but not icy, object to the sides of your nose. You need to sit in this position for 10 minutes, without checking the red cells stop.
  • After the allotted time has passed, loosen your fingers. If the current does not stop, try again for 10 minutes.
  • If the current does not pass after the second attempt, call an ambulance.

Tightly squeezing the soft tissues of the nose allows you to compress the burst vessel. The blood clots, clogs the wound, and the flow stops.

Dense wet tamponing with peroxide is allowed. This will allow the vessel to be clamped. If the packing is not tight, blood will flow until the body independently clogs the wound. Until then, you can lose a lot of red cells.

Conclusion

Emergency bleeding is easy to stop, especially if clotting is normal.

If the flow is frequent, you should contact a specialist - he will select a set of measures to help strengthen the blood vessels and determine the reasons causing the periodic flow.

Also pay attention to the photos and videos in the article - this is a valuable addition to the text information.

Sources: http://nasmork-rinit.com/lechenie-nasmorka-dlya-vsekh/48-nasmork-s-krovyu, http://antiangina.ru/nasmork/u-detey/nasmork-s-krovyu-u- grudnichka-chto-delat-roditelyam.html, http://bezprostudy.ru/lechenie-prostudy/krov-iz-nosa-otchego-pri-prostude-i-nasmorke-techet-krov.html

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E. Komarovsky about why a child’s nose bleeds

Many parents have experienced nosebleeds in their children, but not everyone knows why the nose often bleeds in childhood, as well as how to properly deal with such a problem. Let's find out the opinion of Dr. Komarovsky and his advice for parents with nosebleeds in children.

Causes

A well-known pediatrician cites the anatomical features of the structure of the nasal mucosa as the main reason for frequent bleeding in children. It is they who cause frequent bleeding in some children and the absence of such a problem in other children. Among the most common provoking factors, Komarovsky names dry air in the room in which the child is staying.

According to a popular doctor, due to dry air, the mucus in the child’s nose dries out and forms crusts, and when the child picks them off, bleeding begins.

In this case, Komarovsky emphasizes, we are talking about bleeding that is not caused by injury (fall, blow), when the reason for the bleeding from the baby’s nose is obvious. Excessively dry air causes bleeding that appears suddenly, for no apparent reason.

Increased production of mucus in a child’s nose is caused by a viral infection, exposure to an allergen or bacteria, and drying out of the mucus can be caused not only by dry air in the room, but also by taking certain medications (vasoconstrictors, anti-inflammatory, antihistamines and others), a prolonged increase in body temperature, inhalation of contaminated air.

The bleeding itself can begin not only when picking the nose, but also when sneezing, while walking, inhaling or during sleep - in all cases when the pressure on the nasal septum increases.

However, the cause of nosebleeds in a child can be much more serious, however, as Komarovsky notes, problems with blood clotting, liver, blood pressure and other serious illnesses will never manifest themselves only as nosebleeds. If your baby has any such disease, he will also have other symptoms, such as skin rashes, frequent bruises, headaches or dizziness.

Urgent Care

When a child has a nosebleed, Komarovsky recommends doing the following:

  1. Have your baby sit with his body tilted forward. The baby's head should be straight or slightly tilted forward.
  2. The child's nostrils should be squeezed with your fingers and held for about 10 minutes. The mother or the child himself can squeeze his nose. While waiting, the child should breathe through his mouth.

According to a popular doctor, the speed at which blood flow stops is primarily affected by the diameter of the damaged vessel. Also, the duration of bleeding will be determined by the state of the blood coagulation system and the use of certain medications. In most cases, ten minutes will be enough for normal nosebleeds to stop.

To speed up the stop of bleeding, a popular doctor recommends cold, but only if the child can pinch his nose on his own (while the mother runs to the kitchen for something cold). Komarovsky advises using ice by applying it to the bridge of the nose. You can also give your child ice cream or a cold drink through a straw, as the cold in the mouth can also help stop nosebleeds more quickly.

In addition, so that 10 minutes of waiting until the blood stops flowing does not become too long for the child, parents can do something to entertain the child, for example, turn on a cartoon for the child, read to the child, or tell him a story.

A well-known pediatrician calls the main mistakes parents make when helping a child with a nosebleed:

  1. Throwing the child's head back. With this action, the blood will drain into the pharynx, so it will be difficult to understand how severe the vascular damage is, when the bleeding has stopped, and whether it has stopped at all. In addition, dripping blood can provoke a gag reflex.
  2. Insertion of cotton swabs into the nasal passages. After removing the cotton wool from the nose, the crust formed at the site of damage to the blood vessels is removed, which causes re-bleeding.
  3. Putting the child to bed. Komarovsky focuses the attention of parents on the fact that a child with nosebleeds should not be in a horizontal position.
  4. Release the baby's nostrils early, checking to see if blood is still flowing. This will only prevent the bleeding from stopping.

Also, during bleeding, a child should not:

If 10 minutes have passed, the mother has released her nostrils, and the bleeding still continues, all steps should be repeated for another 10 minutes. If after twenty minutes from the start of the nosebleed it has not stopped, the child should be shown to a doctor.

Komarovsky also advises not to hesitate to seek medical help if:

  • The child discharges blood from both nostrils at once.
  • The child also developed bleeding from another part of the body, for example, from the ear.
  • Nosebleeds recur very often.

In the video below, the doctor gives detailed recommendations for helping with nosebleeds in a child, and also talks about common mistakes parents make in such situations.

In all these cases, a well-known pediatrician advises to close the nostrils and call an ambulance, or put the child in the car to quickly take him to a medical facility.

Prevention

To prevent a child from experiencing frequent non-traumatic nosebleeds, Komarovsky recommends:

  • Humidify the air and remove dust accumulations from the room so that the mucus in the nose does not dry out.
  • Give your child plenty to drink.
  • If the baby has already had nosebleeds, do not use medications that can dry out the mucous membrane.
  • Do not allow your child to pick his nose.
  • Moisturize the mucous membrane with saline or oil solutions of vitamins E and A.
  • Get blood tests done regularly.
  • Do not allow your child to strain for a week after the nosebleed.

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A child has a nosebleed: causes, diagnosis, what to do

From this article you will learn answers to the questions: why does a child have a nosebleed, what diseases may be hidden behind this. What additional symptoms may accompany bleeding. How to help a child if he has a nosebleed. Further examination of the body and treatment.

Nosebleeds (scientific name: epistaxis) occur when the capillaries found in large numbers in the nasal mucosa are damaged. This damage occurs either as a result of trauma or spontaneously.

The causes and diseases that cause nosebleeds are the same for both children and adults. However, in children this phenomenon is observed more often, since, firstly, in childhood and adolescence the cardiovascular system is still developing, and the capillaries located in the nose may be weak, and, secondly, many diseases that provoke bleeding, They first make themselves known precisely at the age of 18.

According to statistics, about 60% of the world's population has had a nosebleed at least once. Two age groups are most susceptible to nosebleeds: children under 10 years of age and adults over 60 years of age. Boys are more likely to bleed from the nose than girls (such statistics may be due to more frequent nasal injuries in boys due to a more active lifestyle).

Frequent nosebleeds are a dangerous symptom. Sometimes this may indicate serious disorders in the body.

You can completely get rid of nosebleeds by eliminating their cause.

If this symptom appears in a child, contact your pediatrician spontaneously. As a result of an injury, if it is not possible to stop the bleeding for a long time or there is a suspicion of a broken nose, contact a traumatologist.

You may also need to consult an ENT specialist, endocrinologist, hematologist, immunologist, or oncologist. Your pediatrician will refer you to these doctors if necessary.

In most cases, the source of nosebleeds in patients is the Kisselbach plexus.

Why might your nose bleed?

The causes of epistaxis can be divided into three groups:

  1. Local (the cause is located directly in the nose).
  2. Systemic (nosebleeds hide diseases of other organs).
  3. External (the reason lies not in diseases, but in the negative impact of the environment).

Reasons why nosebleeds may occur:

We also note the causes of nosebleeds, which are practically impossible in childhood. This is the use of substances that sharply dilate or constrict blood vessels (alcohol in large doses, energy drinks, cocaine, amphetamine and other drugs inhaled through the nose), as well as hormonal changes during pregnancy.

As you can see, the factors that can cause epistaxis are quite varied - from harmless dry air to serious diseases such as leukemia. Therefore, if this symptom appears spontaneously and frequently, consult a doctor and undergo the examination that he will prescribe for you.

With prolonged use of nasal drops or sprays, the nutrition of the nasal mucosa is disrupted, it becomes thinner, and the vessels become fragile. And with increased blood pressure or injury, nosebleeds occur

Additional symptoms

If the bleeding is heavy, it may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

  • pale skin;
  • dizziness;
  • weakness;
  • cold sweat;
  • sometimes fainting.

How to recognize a “dangerous” nosebleed

By dangerous we mean something that indicates serious illness.

Bleeding caused by diseases is frequent and begins spontaneously.

Vascular diseases and bleeding disorders are often accompanied by bleeding not only from the nose, but also from other mucous membranes. The appearance of bruises even from light blows is also typical.

Epistaxis caused by high blood pressure most often occurs at night.

Sudden, short and intense bleeding (when blood suddenly begins to literally flow in a stream) is dangerous. They may indicate:

  • rupture of a large facial or nasal vessel;
  • malignant tumor of the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses.

Bleeding due to injury is also not always harmless. If blood comes from the nose as a result of a fall, especially from a height, pay attention to its color:

  • If it is scarlet and foams, this may be a sign of lung damage.
  • If it is dark, close to brown and curled, this may indicate an injury to the esophagus or stomach.

Complications

If there is a heavy nosebleed, a person may faint due to blood loss.

Epistaxis can also be complicated by nausea and vomiting. When blood is released abundantly, it flows down the back wall of the throat and, when it enters the stomach, provokes these unpleasant symptoms.

In severe cases, with very heavy bleeding, blood can enter the nasolacrimal duct and go out through the eye sockets. However, this rarely happens.

If blood comes from both nostrils at the same time, or if the bleeding lasts longer than 10 minutes, call a doctor immediately.

First aid

Rules for stopping nosebleeds:

If the bleeding does not stop within 10 minutes, call a doctor.

A doctor can stop bleeding using the following methods:

  1. Inserting a cotton swab soaked in chloroacetic acid into the nostril.
  2. Insertion of a hemostatic sponge into the nose. It is saturated with substances that promote blood clotting.
  3. Laser coagulation (cauterization) of bleeding vessels.
  4. In severe cases, when it is not possible to stop heavy bleeding, aminocaproic acid is administered intravenously. And, if the patient has lost a lot of blood, a plasma transfusion is performed.

Body examination

If bleeding began as a result of injury or the insertion of a foreign object into the nose, take the patient to a traumatologist. Diagnostics will proceed as follows:

  • The doctor will examine the nose manually and using a rhinoscope.
  • He will send you for an x-ray of the skull.
  • In case of a complex fracture, a CT or MRI of the nose and skull may be needed.

If bleeding occurs spontaneously and regularly, contact your pediatrician. First of all, the doctor will measure your blood pressure, collect data on previous diseases and current symptoms. He will also refer you for a general blood test.

During the initial examination, sometimes it is already possible to accurately determine the cause of nosebleeds or to suspect a possible cause. If all tests during the initial examination are normal and there are no complaints, then perhaps the cause is external (for example, low air humidity).

Depending on the results of the initial examination, the following diagnostic procedures may be prescribed.

Treatment

Specific treatment for epistaxis is to stop the bleeding. This process is described in the First Aid section.

Further treatment consists of eliminating the cause to prevent recurrent bleeding.

If bleeding of the nasal mucosa is caused by health problems, follow all doctor's recommendations regarding further treatment of the underlying disease.

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Blood from the nose in a child Causes

Why does a child's nose bleed? Nosebleeds occur in both children and adults; every person has had nosebleeds at least once in their life. But most often this problem is encountered by children under 10 years of age and elderly people over 60 years of age.

Nosebleeds occur more often in winter (during the heating season), this is due to low indoor humidity and drying out of the mucous membrane.

Frequent nosebleeds are a cause for concern and see a doctor.

Why does a child's nose bleed?

The most common cause of nosebleeds (95-98% of cases in children) is damage to the so-called vessels located in the anterior part of the nasal septum. Kisselbach's plexus. The hallmark of bleeding from the front of the nose is that the blood flows from one nostril.

The vessels in the posterior parts of the nose are much less likely to be damaged, then blood flows simultaneously from both nostrils.

Most often, the vessels of the mucous membrane are damaged if

  • Русский
  • they are superficially located,
  • there is inflammation of the mucous membrane: with allergies or infections, with smoking (including passive smoking),
  • there is thinning of the nasal mucosa after prolonged use of vasoconstrictor drops (naphthyzin, xymelin, etc.),
  • there is increased fragility of blood vessels,
  • there is a curvature of the nasal septum,
  • as well as for nasal injuries.

The child often bleeds from the nose

  • with increased blood pressure,
  • with intracranial hypertension,
  • for bleeding disorders,
  • for hypovitaminosis C, E, K,
  • for heart failure,
  • for liver and kidney diseases

Features in children

For children, the same causes of nosebleeds are relevant, but there are some age-related features.

Most often, nosebleeds occur in children aged 3 to 10 years, this is due to

  • Русский
  • rich blood supply to the nasal mucosa and its increased sensitivity to external irritants: decreased air humidity, tobacco smoke, etc.,
  • frequent ARVI in this age group,
  • inability to blow your nose,
  • the habit of young children picking their noses, as well as putting foreign objects into their noses.

When do you need a doctor?

A single nosebleed in itself, if it stops within 10 minutes, is not dangerous for a child.

But you should immediately show your child to a doctor if

  1. The bleeding did not stop at home after 20 minutes.
  2. The child's nose bleeds from both nostrils at the same time.
  3. Blood from a child’s nose flows not only from the nose (for example, from the genital tract in teenage girls).
  4. Nosebleeds recur regularly over a long period of time

Options 1,2,3 are rare; as a rule, they require emergency medical attention and usually end with the child’s hospitalization and a comprehensive examination in a hospital setting.

The most common option in children is option 4 - recurrent nosebleeds.

Repeated nosebleeds in a child Required examination

First of all, you need to consult an ENT (otolaryngologist)

He can

  • Русский
  • detect damage to the nasal mucosa (erosion) and cauterize it; this can prevent recurrence of nosebleeds in the next few days,
  • assess the general condition of the nasal mucosa: is there swelling, inflammation or atrophy, suggest possible causes and prescribe treatment to eliminate them,
  • detect a deviated nasal septum,
  • detect foreign bodies or pathological formations in the nasal cavity

Pediatrician consultation

He can

  • Русский
  • assess the general condition of the child, the presence or absence of chronic diseases,
  • measure blood pressure, or even better, prescribe blood pressure monitoring at home for 2 weeks 3 times a day, recording the results in a special diary, so that the results are more informative,
  • assign your child a general blood test + coagulogram (platelets, blood clotting time and bleeding duration),
  • prescribe the child a biochemical blood test with determination of liver tests.

Treatment of nosebleeds in children

Treatment of nosebleeds comes down to stopping the bleeding immediately and preventing relapses.

Stopping nosebleeds is most often done at home or in a child care facility where the child is.

How to stop nosebleeds correctly

  • The child should be seated so that the head is slightly tilted forward.
  • If you don’t have cotton wool on hand, pinch his nose (both nostrils) with your fingers for 10 minutes. If you have cotton wool, make a cotton swab, moisten it with 3% hydrogen peroxide and insert it tightly into the nostril for at least 10 minutes.
  • Place cold on the bridge of the child's nose.

The bleeding should stop within minutes.

Prohibited during nosebleeds

  • Throw your head back.
  • Move actively.
  • Talk.
  • Blow your nose

If you cannot stop the nosebleed on your own within 20 minutes, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Relapse Prevention

If a child is found to have another cause of recurrent nosebleeds, such as arterial hypertension or allergic rhinitis, the main measures will be aimed at treating these diseases.

But most often, no serious cause of nosebleeds is found; it all comes down to the superficial location of the vessels of the nasal septum.

A big role in the prevention of recurrence of nosebleeds is given to routine aspects and parents will have to implement them.

Regime moments

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  • It is necessary to create sufficient air humidity at home (this is achieved using a humidifier).
  • Make sure that the child does not pick his nose or put foreign objects into it.
  • If someone smokes in the house, stop smoking.
  • Avoid mental and physical overexertion of the child, especially in the first few days after nosebleeds: heavy lifting, harsh games, computer, TV.
  • The best prevention of nosebleeds, as well as all other diseases of a child, is a measured healthy lifestyle.

How doctors can help

  • The most common procedure that is performed in the ENT office to prevent recurrent nosebleeds is cauterization of the nasal septum erosion with silver nitrate. This procedure reduces the risk of repeated nosebleeds in the next few days, and if necessary, otolaryngologists perform repeated cauterization.
  • The second most common medical prescription for nosebleeds is calcium preparations (from calcium gluconate to modern “calcine”, “calcide”, etc.) and vitamin C + rutin (ascorutin), a course of 2 weeks - 1 month. Calcium and ascorutin strengthen the vascular wall. Nowadays, vitamin complexes that contain calcium, ascorbic acid, rutin and many other vitamins and minerals are more often prescribed.
  • It is also possible to cauterize damaged vessels with liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy) or laser, but this is carried out strictly for medical reasons.

I hope the article helped you answer the question of what to do if your child often has nosebleeds. Stay healthy!

6 comments: Blood from the nose in a child Causes

My son, who is 4 years old, has been bleeding from his nose for no reason at all, usually when it gets stuck, and then at night I woke up from the fact that he was crying, I saw him and was often scared, he sat and roared, covered in blood, what it was and how I dealt with it.

Alexei! Take a complete blood count + clotting time, bleeding duration, platelets. Show the child to an ENT specialist.

Hello ; My child has a nose bleed, sometimes from one nostril, sometimes from the other, we were 4 years old and were diagnosed with Vascular Dystonia of the cervical vertebra, which we just didn’t take from the medications (Calcium + Ascorutin) (Picamelon-Tanakan), we were advised to stop the bleeding with AMINOCAPRONIC ACID...... ..

What am I getting at, nothing helps, we have already had so many doctors undergo all the tests, but nothing helps the child. I ASK YOU FOR HELP, TELL ME WHAT TO DO, WHAT TO DO IN SUCH A SITUATION.

Victoria! If you have already had a general blood test and your platelet counts, clotting time and bleeding duration are normal. If the child’s otolaryngologist looked at it and the problem cannot be eliminated by cauterization, you will have to wait until the child grows up and the problem goes away on its own, but in the meantime, use what the doctors advise (aminocaproic acid, calcium, ascorutin).

Very good article.

Thanks a lot. A very good article, after which there are no questions. Everything is accessible, short and clear!

Source: http://mamadoktor.ru/kak-pomoch-rebenku/krov-iz-nosa-u-rebyonka-prichinyi.html

Why does a child bleed from the nose at 2 years old and what can be done?

Content

Why does a 2-year-old child bleed from the nose? How to help your baby?

A 2-year-old child may bleed from the nose unexpectedly, at any time of the day. This is due to the fact that the nose in young children is still at the stage of development - the tissues are loose, easily susceptible to injury, the nasal passage is narrow, the blood vessels that penetrate the entire nasopharynx are thinner than in an adult. If bleeding begins, it is necessary to stop it, and then look for the source of the unpleasant symptom.

Causes

A child’s nose may bleed at night and during the day due to damage to small blood vessels. The baby may turn over unsuccessfully in his sleep, hit the side of the crib, put his finger in his nose and touch the capillaries. You need to make sure that the child does not pick his nose, and that the crib has a soft surface and sides; lay him down carefully.

Other causes of damage to the nasal cavity:

  1. Abnormal location of the capillaries - they are located closer to the nostrils on the surface. You can live with this in peace, the main thing is to follow certain safety measures.
  2. Thinning of the mucous membrane after prolonged use of drops that have a vasoconstrictor effect, for example, Naphthyzin, Xymelin.
  3. Deviation of the nasal septum;
  4. Allergic rhinitis, chronic runny nose.

Causes associated with diseases:

  1. High blood pressure. Because of it, the capillaries burst and profuse bleeding occurs.
  2. Spending a long time in the sun. Children of this age are sensitive to the sun, so the duration of sunbathing should be limited. Heat stroke negatively affects the condition of the nasal cavity, causing bleeding.
  3. Overwork, physical activity. At two years old, the child is hyperactive and is interested in everything. Parents often send their children to sports, but this age is fragile, make sure not to overload the child.
  4. Neoplasms in the nose of a multidirectional nature. Papilloma, angioma, polyps are benign and can be treated with medication or surgery.
  5. Acquired or congenital pathologies of the circulatory system. Among them may be anemia, leukemia, lupus, vasculitis, hemophilia.
  6. Foreign body. The second year of life in children is associated with curiosity, they may accidentally push a foreign object into the nostril. You should immediately go to the hospital with your child, the doctor will tell you what to do in this situation.
  7. Infectious diseases affecting the upper respiratory tract and the entire body. Children at this age are more likely to experience measles, whooping cough, rubella, streptococcal infection, ARVI, influenza, tonsillitis, and sinusitis.

Causes of heavy, regularly recurring bleeding, regardless of the time of day:

  • kidney and liver diseases;
  • leukemia, tumors of a benign nature, malignant;
  • diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system.

First aid: how to provide it correctly, what not to do

It is advisable to call your doctor and try to stop the heavy bleeding before he arrives. Minor bruises should not be stopped. Firstly, by examining them, the doctor will be able to draw a preliminary conclusion about the cause. Secondly, the doctor will be better able to stop minor bleeding.

How to stop bleeding incorrectly - typical mistakes:

  1. Head thrown back. Blood begins to flow from the nasal cavity to the pharynx, and the child swallows it unconsciously. The gastrointestinal tract reacts ambiguously - nausea appears, which can lead to vomiting. It is impossible to track whether the blood loss has stopped, what type it was.
  2. Do not stick a dry, untreated cotton ball into your nostrils. A cotton swab absorbs blood well; when it comes into contact with air, it dries and sticks to the nasal septum and mucous membrane. When you remove the cotton wool, you may accidentally damage the capillaries and mucous membrane, and new bleeding will open. Unsterile cotton wool can introduce infection into open wounds of the nasopharynx.

First aid rules:

  1. Sit the child down and tilt his head slightly down. Blood should flow freely from the nose without entering the body through the esophagus.
  2. Pinch the area just above the wings of the nose. Don't worry, your baby will breathe through his nose. You cannot remove your hands and check the condition until 10 minutes have passed. This effect compresses the blood vessels and prevents blood loss.
  3. Cold. Take ice or something frozen from the freezer, wrap it in a towel, and press it to the bridge of your nose. To enhance the effect, you can give cool water.
  4. As soon as 10 minutes have passed, remove your hands from the baby’s nose, make sure that the blood has stopped flowing, if this does not happen, repeat the previous steps again.

Parents are not always in a hurry to call an ambulance, believing that the bleeding will go away over time - this is a big mistake.

There are signs that you may not be able to cope without medical help:

  • blood loss is too severe and poorly controlled;
  • This is not the first time that blood has come from the nose;
  • in addition to blood, the child has a headache, increased blood pressure and temperature;
  • severe pain is added in the abdomen, right or left hypochondrium;
  • if the cause was a bruise of the head or nose.

In this condition, there is no need to hesitate, call a doctor. He will help stop the bleeding and give the necessary recommendations.

Prevention

In order for the baby to successfully develop at both 2 and 3 years old, and not suffer from nosebleeds, you need to take precautions:

  1. Humidity, cleanliness. At least once every 2-3 days, carry out a thorough wet cleaning, ventilate the house, and install a humidifier. The room should be 22 degrees and 50% humidity.
  2. Hygiene. Rinse the nasal cavity with saline solution, oils, and gradually accustom your baby to this.
  3. Balanced diet. Although a child’s diet is still very different from an adult’s, make sure that it contains all the beneficial microelements, especially vitamin C.
  4. Be careful when using vasoconstrictor drops.

Source: http://boleznikrovi.com/krovotecheniya/krov-iz-nosa-u-rebenka-2-goda.html

Blood from the nose in a child: 10 reasons

If a baby has a nosebleed, everyone gets scared - both the baby and his parents. Such incidents happen often, they can be one-time, periodic and frequent, and the flows themselves can be heavy or not very heavy. Sometimes nosebleeds even cause hospitalization in a hospital. And at the hospital the doctors are already figuring out what’s going on.

Alexandra Botkina

pediatrician, Ph.D. honey. Sciences, Russian National Research Medical University named after. N. I. Pirogova, Moscow

Any nosebleed, or, as doctors say, bleeding from the nasal cavity, occurs due to a violation of the integrity of the walls of blood vessels. Most often this happens to children between two and 10 years old. The reasons are extremely varied.

Why does my child have nosebleeds?

If your child's nose is bleeding, there is a reason. And it cannot be determined immediately. Diagnosis takes time. At first they assume:

  1. traumatic damage to the nasal mucosa. It is very vulnerable in children because it is thin and contains many blood vessels. Problems can arise when the mucous membranes become dry, for example during the heating season or as a result of excessive nose blowing, sneezing and nose picking. A special problem that is relevant for young children is foreign bodies, which children often put in their noses, then forget about it or deliberately hide from adults. A foreign body injures the mucous membrane and provokes bleeding or causes inflammation, and then the bloody discharge is accompanied by purulent discharge with an unpleasant odor. The mucous membrane can also suffer from frequent rhinitis of any origin (allergic or infectious);
  2. curvature of the nasal septum, leading to uneven expansion and excessive vulnerability of blood vessels;
  3. injury to the nose and/or face when falling, being hit by a ball or hand while playing contact sports. Particularly severe nosebleeds occur with cranial injuries, for example, a fracture of the base of the skull in the anterior region of the cranial fossa;
  4. an infectious disease with a severe runny nose and high temperature - influenza, measles, scarlet fever, diphtheria, etc. With acute inflammation, blood vessels become very vulnerable, toxins secreted by viruses and bacteria literally corrode and thin their walls;
  5. problem of the vascular network of the nasal cavity. A congenital feature is considered a variant of varicose veins, which can “show” itself in different parts of the body;
  6. increased blood pressure. It is believed that hypertension is characteristic only of adults, but recently it has become increasingly common in young patients, in particular, due to problems with the kidneys, endocrine system, metabolic disorders, such as cholesterol, overdose of vitamin D, overheating, and heart defects. In essence, a protective-compensatory mechanism is triggered: when a small amount of blood comes out through the nose, blood pressure decreases slightly, reducing the likelihood of bleeding in the brain;
  7. disturbance in the blood coagulation system (hemostasis). The most famous is hemophilia, but there is also thrombocytopathy, in which platelets, which have an irregular structure, are not able to participate in the blood clotting process.
  8. polyp or tumor in the nose;
  9. malfunction of the liver, bone marrow and other organs.
  10. Nosebleeds are sometimes caused by medications, such as anticoagulants that inhibit blood clotting, such as aspirin.

Blood from a child’s nose: determining the strength of the “flow”

A “spring” can originate in different places. If it is in the front part of the nose, blood usually comes out of one nostril in drops or a stream. This area is called the Kisselbach zone, it contains a plexus of small and narrow capillaries that quickly become clogged, so the flow is short-lived and blood loss is minimal. They begin due to injury to the nasal mucosa with fingers or hard objects (q-tip, pencil, toy). This type of bleeding accounts for about 90% of all bleeding and, as a rule, does not pose a threat to life.

If the source of bleeding is in the middle or back of the nose, the situation becomes more complicated: the blood flows from a wide artery, and significant blood loss cannot be ruled out. Such bleeding is more difficult to notice because the blood flows in a strong stream along the back of the throat, and the baby first swallows it. But at a certain point he begins to vomit blood or have bloody diarrhea (melena). But by this moment the baby has lost a large amount of blood. And as a result, he experiences tinnitus, dizziness, decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, general weakness of the body, and shortness of breath. Suffocation is also possible: liquid may enter the respiratory tract. The causes of the posterior type of nosebleed are more serious: increased blood pressure, injuries to the face or nose, etc.

Attention! The flow rate is also different: from insignificant to profuse - life-threatening. Children do not tolerate blood loss well: a deficit of 50 ml of blood in a small child is equivalent in consequences to the loss of 1 liter in an adult!

A single and short-lived nosebleed does not pose a great danger if first aid is provided in a timely and correct manner. But a repetition of the situation or heavy flows is a reason to consult a doctor for a thorough search for the true cause of what happened.

Causes of nosebleeds in children

Frequently recurring, albeit minor, discharge of blood from the nose requires a thorough examination. First of all, anemia is excluded. Be sure to conduct a study of blood clotting rate; if it is below normal, consultation with a hematologist is recommended. It is important to measure blood pressure and check liver and kidney function. For prolonged bleeding of unknown cause, additional tests are required.

Attention! Measures to prevent nosebleeds include humidifying and purifying the air in the nursery, careful handling of the nasal passages, proper blowing of the nose, and choosing safe toys and sports.

First aid for nosebleeds

The reaction of adults to nosebleeds cannot be delayed; the bleeding must be stopped immediately, wherever it starts - in the garden, on the street, at home. And for this you need:

  • Calm or distract with conversation or toys.
  • Teach to breathe evenly and deeply. When excited, the heartbeat always increases, and with it the speed of blood flow increases.
  • The baby should be seated or placed in a semi-sitting position with his head slightly tilted forward and down.
  • Provide access to fresh air - unbutton the collar, loosen the fasteners, open the window.
  • Place a cold lotion or an ice pack on the bridge of the nose and nose to narrow the vessels of the nasal mucosa, and place a warm heating pad on your feet.
  • For minor bleeding, press the wing of your nose against the nasal septum with your finger and apply an ice pack there.
  • If the bleeding from the child’s nose does not stop, a ball of sterile cotton wool or gauze moistened with a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide is inserted into the anterior nasal cavity. The child himself can press it to the nasal septum and hold it for 10–15 minutes.
  • If this doesn't help, go to the clinic or emergency room.

Attention! If the cause of bleeding is severe (hemophilia), hospitalization is necessary, so call an ambulance immediately.

If you are bleeding from the nose, you should not:

  • remove the pillow from under the baby’s head;
  • raise his legs above the level of his body;
  • sharply throw your head back: this impedes the flow of blood through the veins of the neck, as a result of which bleeding may increase;
  • suddenly change the position in which it all started.

Photo source: Shutterstock

Each parent may encounter a problem when their baby suddenly starts bleeding from the nose. How not to get confused and provide first aid correctly? And how necessary is a visit to a specialist in this case?

Blood tests are a test that everyone, including children, has to deal with since childhood. There are a great variety of these tests, with their help it is possible to assume the presence of a source of inflammation in the body and to detect it.

Comments

Hello, my name is Sabina, I’m 10 years old and studying in the 4th grade. Today I went out with my mom for a walk and I didn’t pick my nose much and then I started bleeding from my nose and I told my mom about it, my mom gave me a little bandage and I applied it. in my nose, then my mother bought me cold water and put it in my nose, but I didn’t cry, my mother told me to lower my head back and I rinsed my mouth with that cold water 2 times, I spat out some blood, then the blood stopped, then when it was evening, my nose was dry, the blood was dried like kazyavki and I removed them then the lady's ear, my mother told me to take a swim, my mother bathed me, then my mother told me to blow my nose then I blew my nose and my nose became wet and there was blood and I came out of the bath, my mother gave me cotton wool and I lowered my head back and sat for 15 for a minute, then I removed it and the blood stopped, I again rinsed my mouth 2 times with water, there was a little blood, I told my mom, mom, let's go to the doctor, mom said, daughter, you don't need any doctor, it will go away on its own, because your nose doesn't hurt, I'll treat you myself at home, tell me please tell me how to quickly identify your nose at home

July 9:41

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