Acute frontitis treatment

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Everything about acute frontal sinusitis - signs, treatment, complications and consequences

Acute frontal sinusitis is an inflammation of the frontal sinuses that occurs under the influence of viruses, fungi or bacteria.

There are catarrhal, serous (exudative) and purulent forms of frontal sinusitis.

Table of contents:

It develops, as a rule, after an acute respiratory viral infection, as well as after some infectious diseases (scarlet fever, measles).

Sometimes the cause is traumatic injury to the facial part of the skull or polyposis. If treatment is ineffective or completely absent, the disease becomes chronic after 8–10 weeks.

Symptoms of acute sinusitis

Acute purulent frontal sinusitis manifests itself in the form of certain symptoms. Its characteristic symptoms are pain in the head of a pulsating nature, which is localized in the area of ​​the diseased sinus or the entire forehead, intensifying when the head is tilted forward.

It appears more strongly when tapping or pressing on the eyebrow. It can radiate into the upper jaw, nasal cavity or orbit. Gradually the pain intensifies, especially at night, and a feeling of fullness occurs.

  • Nasal congestion appears on the side of inflammation, depending on the form of sinusitis, purulent or mucous discharge is observed;
  • The sense of smell decreases, sometimes a person does not smell at all, taste sensations are dulled;
  • Photophobia, lacrimation, and redness of the eyes are observed. On the affected side there may be a change in skin color and swelling;
  • General signs include a rise in temperature, up to 38 degrees, weakness and chills. In the morning there may be purulent sputum discharge.

Causes of frontal sinusitis

As mentioned above, the main reason for the development of frontal sinusitis is the presence of viruses or bacteria in the nasal cavity. But the mere presence of pathogenic microflora in the frontal sinuses is not a direct consequence of the development of the disease. In order for frontal sinusitis to progress, accompanying factors must be present:

  • Severe swelling of the nose and blockage of the sinus anastomosis;
  • Anomalies in the structure of the nasal passages;
  • Weakened immunity and the body’s inability to fight external irritants;
  • Bronchial asthma or allergic rhinitis;
  • Polyposis of the nasal passages;
  • Formation of a cyst in the frontal sinus;
  • Lack of timely treatment for colds.

Is frontal sinusitis contagious?

The disease itself is not contagious. You can’t get on a tram and get infected with frontal sinusitis. But having a certain predisposition and several of the above factors, frontal sinusitis can easily develop from the most harmless runny nose.

Complications with frontal sinusitis

Acute frontal sinusitis can cause serious complications:

Orbital

Characterized by damage to the area around the eyes:

Periostitis, or inflammation of the periosteum.

It can be purulent or non-purulent. Non-purulent periostitis develops in the catal form of the disease and resolves with successful treatment. The purulent version is more severe, with pronounced general symptoms of fever, and an infiltrate forms on the orbital wall.

It occurs due to the involvement of adjacent bone tissue in the purulent-necrotic process.

With this complication, pronounced inflammatory changes in the eye tissue occur. It is severe, with a very high temperature, sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The eyeball extends beyond the orbit.

Intracranial

Occurs between the frontal bone and the periosteum. Lack of adequate treatment leads to the spread of infection to the membranes of the brain or the development of an intracerebral abscess, with corresponding symptoms.

It is characterized by headache, impaired sense of smell, and signs of damage to the craniofacial nerves.

The soft membrane of the brain becomes inflamed.

Are common

There is a rather serious complication - sepsis, which is characterized by the introduction of infection into the blood with damage to all internal organs. Also, acute sinusitis can spread to other sinuses with the development of pansinusitis or polysinusitis.

Treatment of acute sinusitis

From the first days of the disease, it is advisable to adhere to bed rest. Acute frontal sinusitis in an uncomplicated form is treated on an outpatient basis.
  • To combat pathogenic microflora, antibiotics are prescribed in capsules or tablets. Protected penicillins, macrolides, and cephalosporins are used. In more severe cases, the patient is placed in a hospital and treated by administering drugs intramuscularly or intravenously. The choice of drugs is made after inoculating the microflora for sensitivity, or empirically;
  • Vasoconstrictors are used to facilitate nasal breathing and improve outflow from the sinus;
  • After instillation, treatment is applied by irrigating the nasal cavity with local antibiotics (Bioparox, Polydex);
  • For allergic edema, instead of vasoconstrictors, antihistamines are used - tavegil, diphenhydramine, suprastin;
  • An elevated temperature during frontal sinusitis is usually not brought down, since this is a natural protective reaction of the body. Higher temperatures help kill bacteria. But sometimes, in order to prevent threatening values, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as paracetamol, aspirin or analgin are used;
  • For a disease such as acute frontal sinusitis, rinsing the nose with a “cuckoo” or Yamik catheter helps a lot.

Treatment at home

Treatment can also be carried out at home. It is advisable to do this after a thorough diagnosis and under the supervision of a doctor.

Washing

At home, the patient can rinse the nose using a special teapot, syringe or syringe. You can use one of the following recipes as a solution:

You need to take one teaspoon of salt, a little on the tip of a knife, soda, add 3 drops of tea tree, fir or mint essential oil. Mix everything in a liter of warm boiled water.

Washing with chamomile decoction helps a lot. To do this, 1.5 tablespoons of flowers are poured with 0.5 liters of boiling water, after half an hour the solution is filtered and used for its intended purpose.

The use of an alcohol solution of chlorophyllipt is also recommended. For the procedure, take a tablespoon of the product and dissolve it in 0.5 liters of salted water.

Inhalations and nasal drops

You can prepare the drops yourself. To do this, you need to squeeze the juice from the leaves of aloe or Kalanchoe. You can drop it in its pure form, and if you feel a strong burning sensation, then dilute it half with water. Apply 3 drops in each nostril 2-3 times a day.

Inhalation will significantly speed up recovery. At home, you can use a household steam inhaler. By adding the necessary components in the form of essential oils, herbs, salt, soda or mineral water, you can achieve significant relief in nasal breathing.

For dry inhalation, without the use of steam, you can prepare a mixture of garlic and onions. Finely chop 3 cloves of garlic and one small onion and inhale their aroma. Possessing natural antibacterial properties, small particles entering the nasal mucosa have an anti-inflammatory effect.

Warming up

Warming up during a frontal flu should be treated with great caution. Since this ambiguous method can either help well or aggravate the course of the disease. The principle is quite simple:

  • If purulent discharge is present, body temperature is elevated, or frontal sinusitis is caused by an allergy, in these cases warming is completely contraindicated;
  • If there are the first signs of the development of a viral disease or the acute stage of frontal sinusitis is long behind us, then you can gradually try to carry out thermal procedures. Apply warm salt compresses and go to the bathhouse.

Trepanopuncture

In the absence of the effect of conservative methods, when the symptoms increase and the temperature does not decrease, the outflow of the contents of the frontal sinus is disrupted, and also in the case of a high probability of complications, radical treatment methods are used, one of which is trephine puncture of the frontal sinus.

The purpose of this intervention is the evacuation of purulent secretions and the introduction of antibacterial drugs directly into the frontal sinus. Trepanopuncture is performed under local anesthesia. To determine the location of the hole, an X-ray examination is first performed.

A puncture for frontal sinusitis is made by passing through the frontal bone, in the area where the anterior wall of the frontal sinus is located, immediately under the eyebrow.

To perform trepanopuncture, a special device is used, with which a puncture is made, then a needle is placed in it and tightly fixed, and the purulent secretion is removed through it. After this, rinsing with an antiseptic solution is carried out and medications are administered.

Sometimes a tube is placed in the hole to continue local treatment; it is removed after about five days, after the patient's condition improves.

At the first signs of acute sinusitis, it is recommended to immediately consult a doctor and begin treatment. Otherwise, consequences may arise in the form of serious complications or the disease transition to the chronic stage, in which it is much more difficult to achieve a positive result.

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Source: http://gaimoritus.ru/frontit/ostryj-frontit-lechenie-simptomi-prichini.html

Frontitis - symptoms and treatment at home

Frontitis is an inflammatory disease of the mucous membrane of the frontal sinus, which is part of the anterior base of the skull and is located next to very important anatomical structures - the orbit and the anterior cranial fossa. As clinical practice shows, such a close location can lead to serious complications of frontal sinusitis.

Acute frontal sinusitis occurs with signs of general intoxication. Typically, with acute frontal sinusitis, symptoms appear abruptly, usually after the onset of any nasopharyngeal infections. Chronic frontal sinusitis can occur with alternating phases of remission and exacerbation. During the period of remission, symptoms practically do not appear, and during the period of exacerbation they are similar to those that occur during an acute process, but perhaps less pronounced.

In addition, in the chronic form, redness of the nasal turbinates, an unpleasant odor of nasal discharge, as well as signs of involvement of the nasolacrimal duct and redness of the corners of the eyes may be observed.

Causes

Why does frontal sinusitis develop, and what is it? The occurrence of the disease is most often facilitated by bacterial and viral infections (flu, acute respiratory infections), immune disorders and a number of diseases:

  • infection with group A streptococci;
  • allergic rhinitis or asthma;
  • dust and environmental pollution;
  • staying in smoky rooms;
  • untreated caries;
  • anatomical abnormalities in the structure of the frontal sinuses;
  • swimming (especially diving);
  • cystic fibrosis;
  • Kartagener's syndrome;
  • ciliary immobility syndrome.

Among other things, factors contributing to the development of frontal sinusitis are:

  • chronic vasomotor rhinitis;
  • ozena;
  • nasal injuries and foreign bodies;
  • occupational barotrauma;
  • deviated nasal septum;
  • narrowness and long length of the frontonasal canal;
  • bacterial carriage;
  • dysfunction of the immune system;
  • general exhaustion of the body;
  • improper nose blowing;
  • tumors and cysts of other paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity;
  • work in hazardous production;
  • regular stay in dusty, gas-filled rooms;
  • frequent hypothermia of the head.

Frontal sinusitis is classified according to the type of inflammation:

  1. Acute catarrhal frontal sinusitis is characterized by nasal congestion, a feeling of heaviness and pressure in the forehead, and can either pass without complications or go into the second stage.
  2. Acute purulent frontal sinusitis – purulent contents form and accumulate in the frontal sinuses, which leads to a significant deterioration in the patient’s condition, including loss of consciousness.

Many people think about how to treat frontal sinusitis at home. Only a qualified physician is allowed to prescribe treatment. You will definitely need to take strong medications to eliminate the infection. Otherwise, chronic frontal sinusitis will gradually develop.

Signs of the disease in this case will be less pronounced, but the disease will worsen. The patient will suffer from nasal discharge, congestion, and headaches.

Symptoms of sinusitis

The main symptom of acute frontal sinusitis in adults is a very severe headache, which increases with tilting the head, physical exercise, and pressing on the frontal lobe of the nose. The patient may also complain of other symptoms of frontal sinusitis:

  • photophobia;
  • lacrimation;
  • swelling of surrounding soft tissues;
  • temperature increase;
  • general weakness;
  • loss of appetite.

The peculiarity of pain in the acute form is its cyclical nature. While the outflow of fluid is impaired, the pain is unbearable; it can radiate to the temporal part of the head or to the eyes. As soon as the sinus is freed from accumulated mucus, the pain subsides. Chronic frontal sinusitis begins approximately two months after the onset of the acute process. Usually, a chronic disease becomes a result of incorrect treatment, or as a result of outright ignoring the painful condition.

Chronic frontal sinusitis

This form of the disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

  • a significant impairment of the sense of smell, in some cases the patient ceases to distinguish odors at all,
  • conjunctivitis,
  • if the inflammatory process has spread to the superciliary sinuses, in the morning the patient may notice swelling of the superciliary area and eyelids,
  • persistent cough that does not go away even after taking medication,
  • fast fatiguability.

Chronic frontal sinusitis often leads to the appearance of polyps in the nasal cavity, which interfere with nasal breathing.

How is the diagnosis made?

Diagnosing frontal sinusitis is usually not difficult. The diagnosis is made based on the clinical manifestations of the disease. To confirm the diagnosis, x-rays of the frontal sinuses are performed.

A sign of frontal sinusitis on an x-ray is darkening of the sinus on the affected side (in the case of a right-sided process - on the right, in case of a bilateral process - on both sides). For chronic frontal sinuses, you may need an MRI or CT scan, endoscopy of the nose and sinuses, and cultures of the sinus contents for flora.

Treatment of frontal sinusitis

In case of frontal sinusitis, treatment in adults is aimed at eliminating inflammation in the frontal sinus, reducing swelling of the mucous membrane, restoring the outflow of purulent sinus contents, and suppressing infection.

Drug therapy includes the following:

Restoring the normal outflow of sinus contents is the main goal of treatment. If this can be done at the very beginning of the disease, cure is possible without the use of antibiotics.

Antibiotics

Antibacterial drugs of systemic action, which are used in the treatment of frontal sinusitis, can be divided into these subgroups:

  • penicillins (Augmentin, Amoxicillin, Ampisid);
  • cephalosporins (Ceftriaxone, Axetil, Cefataxime);
  • macrolides (Macropen, Azithromycin, Spiramycin);
  • local (Bioparox, Polydex, Isofra).

Antibiotics for frontal sinusitis are the most standard drugs that every doctor prescribes. But they should be taken strictly as prescribed by a specialist. Antibiotics can be used for both internal and local treatment.

Homeopathic remedies

Homeopathic remedies are also used in the treatment of frontal sinusitis.

  1. Sinupret: used to relieve inflammation, dilutes the contents of the sinuses.
  2. Sinuforte: relieves inflammation, promotes ventilation and opens the sinuses.
  3. Cinnabsin: relieves swelling, facilitates breathing and helps strengthen the immune system.

In addition, your doctor may prescribe medications to relieve headaches.

Vasoconstrictors

Vasoconstrictor drugs will eliminate swelling of the mucous membrane and nasal turbinates, restoring communication between the nasal cavity and the frontal sinuses. The drugs relieve nasal congestion and difficulty breathing through the nose. Examples of drugs:

Antipyretics

Antipyretic medicine for sinusitis should be taken if the temperature rises above 38.5 degrees. Most drugs also have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

At temperatures below 38.5 degrees, they are taken in case of severe health problems (headaches, weakness, chills). For this purpose, analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used - Ibuklin, Nurofen, Nise.

Mucolytics

To liquefy the secretion accumulated in the sinus and facilitate its discharge, mucolytics are prescribed - Acetylcysteine, Fluimucil, Gelomirtol, Sinupret, Cinnabsin.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

If you need to cure frontal sinusitis, medications with anti-inflammatory properties will complement the therapy regimen. For example, fenspiride (Erespal) reduces the formation of biologically active substances responsible for inflammation. In addition, it improves the discharge of mucus from the frontal sinuses.

There are forms of anti-inflammatory medications for topical use. These are medications based on glucocorticoids - Nasonex, Flixonase. Proposol based on bee products and an aqueous solution of Protargol based on silver help well.

Nasal rinsing

At home, nasal rinsing is required for any form of frontal sinusitis. In order for the rinsing to be as effective as possible, before the procedure you need to clear your nose and drip vasoconstrictor drops.

  1. A decoction can be prepared from chamomile flowers. It is an effective antimicrobial and antiseptic agent. Strain, cool and use for rinsing every 2-3 hours.
  2. Treatment of frontal sinusitis at home is also carried out by rinsing the nose with the addition of tea tree oil, salt and soda. You need to prepare the following aqueous solution: 1 teaspoon of salt plus 3 drops of tea tree oil plus a pinch of soda is diluted in 1 glass of warm boiled water.
  3. Rinse your nose with a saline solution (1 teaspoon of sea or table salt per glass of water) using a rubber balloon, a syringe, or simply by sniffing it through your nostrils. A salt solution of this concentration is hypertonic and promotes the release of pathological secretions from the sinuses.
  4. Mix freshly squeezed celandine juice with chamomile decoction 1:1. Instill or insert into the nose turundas moistened with this mixture.

Also at home, inhalations over the vapor of boiled potato tubers in their skins, a mixture based on garlic and apple cider vinegar, and a decoction of bay leaves are widely used.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapeutic methods of treatment for frontal sinusitis are resorted to in the absence of high fever and symptoms of intoxication of the body. Patients are prescribed:

  • UHF sessions - up to 12 procedures;
  • quartzing of the nasal cavity with a quartz lamp - up to 10 procedures;
  • warming compresses, sollux on the forehead - up to 10 sessions;
  • rinsing the nose with a “cuckoo”;
  • endonasal probing;
  • Cleaning the nasal cavity using the Dolphin method.

Operation

Surgical intervention can be of the following types:

  1. Opening the frontal sinus using endoscopic equipment. The most modern method of surgical treatment of frontal sinusitis.
  2. Puncture of the frontal sinuses to suction out purulent contents and rinse the sinuses. It leaves no scars, is practically painless, and is done using a special needle.
  3. Traditional surgery involves opening the skin above the bridge of the nose, trepanation, suctioning out purulent contents, and rinsing. Stitches are applied. Traditional surgery is leaving the medical practice of treating frontal sinusitis.

Folk remedies

Patients should know that treatment of frontal sinusitis with folk remedies is ineffective, and in the acute period it is unacceptable, because may be fraught with rhinogenic intracranial and orbital complications. Timely and correct treatment of frontal sinusitis, prescribed by an experienced otorhinolaryngologist, completely relieves the patient of this disease, and as our experience shows, relapses of the disease are extremely rare.

Good to know:

We recommend reading:

Antibiotics for sinusitis: TOP effective and inexpensive

Sinusitis in adults - symptoms and treatment

How to carry out inhalations for sinusitis with a nebulizer

Comprehensive treatment of sinusitis without puncture at home

How to rinse your nose with sinusitis at home?

Chronic sinusitis - symptoms and treatment in adults

2 comments

Morenazal spray also works well against a runny nose, which cleanses the nasal mucosa and moisturizes it, and at an affordable price.

When I caught a cold, the snot began to flow like a river, but the domestic spray Morenasal with chamomile saved me. The cold went away faster and the runny nose disappeared.

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Acute frontal sinusitis symptoms, treatment, prevention

Inflammation of the frontal sinus, or in other words, acute frontal sinusitis, is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the frontal sinuses. In terms of the frequency of visits to an ENT doctor, acute frontal sinusitis is inferior to sinusitis, but at the same time, it can be many times greater in terms of the danger of the disease and the occurrence of a number of serious complications for human health.

Let's look at the causes and symptoms of its development

The thing is that the frontal sinuses are connected to the nasal passage not by an opening, but by a narrow frontonasal canal, the length of which is 1.5-2.5 cm. Due to this narrowness of the canal, the outflow from the sinus is disrupted, and inflammation develops, which spreads from the frontal sinus into the cranial cavity and orbit, thereby causing severe intracranial and orbital complications.

Symptoms of acute sinusitis

- Weakness, malaise, increased body temperature;

— Severe headache in the area of ​​the frontal sinuses, aggravated by bending over and pressing on the brow ridge;

— Nasal congestion, purulent discharge from the nasal cavity (from the inflamed sinus);

- Lacrimation and photophobia;

- The presence of swelling and hyperemia of the skin (that is, pronounced redness due to increased blood flow) spreading to the upper eyelid and the inner orbital angle of the eye;

— Significant decrease in sense of smell or its complete absence;

— Inflammatory reaction of the blood (increased ESR, leukocytosis).

Causes of the disease

The causes of this disease may be, first of all, the presence of an acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) and significant hypothermia of the body. A logical question immediately arises: “Why does it develop in some people and not in others?” In this situation, the answer directly depends not only on the virulence of the infection that caused ARVI, the state of the patient’s immunity, but also on some other presumptive factors, namely:

— curvature of the patient’s nasal septum;

- hypertrophic changes in the nasal turbinates due to the presence of chronic vasomotor rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, drug-induced rhinitis that occurs while taking naphthyzine and other drugs;

- proliferation of adenoids and polyps, blocking the anastomosis with the sinus and disrupting the outflow of mucus from the sinus;

- congenital anatomical disorders of bone structure.

Diagnosis of acute sinusitis

Diagnosis and treatment of acute frontal sinusitis at the Federal State Budgetary Institution NKTsO FMBA of Russia is successfully carried out by specialists from the department of diseases of the nose and pharynx. Correct diagnosis of this disease, determination of its type and form (left-sided or right-sided, purulent or catarrhal), is extremely important for the full treatment of the patient.

After interviewing the patient, the nasal cavity is examined using modern endoscopic equipment, which allows for a detailed diagnosis of the sinuses from the inside and to see the full picture of the course of the disease. If it is necessary to examine the paranasal sinuses, the specialist will refer the patient for a thermographic examination or ultrasound. A CT scan of the paranasal sinuses helps the specialist to correctly assess the entire volume and depth of the sinuses and pinpoint the presence of a pathological process in them. Some patients are recommended to have a biopsy of the affected areas.

When diagnosing acute frontal sinusitis, an experienced otorhinolaryngologist must first of all exclude neuralgia in the patient. In acute frontal sinusitis, even slight palpation or pressure on the affected area (forehead, bridge of the nose, inner area of ​​the orbit) causes pain. For neuralgia, similar actions along the facial nerve, on the contrary, reduce pain.

The doctor must determine the underlying cause of your illness. If the cause is a deviated nasal septum, then septoplasty is recommended to surgically correct the deviated septum.

Treatment of acute sinusitis

In our Center, the main method of treating uncomplicated acute frontal sinusitis is complex drug therapy (antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, decongestant, local and systemic). Drug use regimens are selected individually and depend on many factors (constitutional characteristics of the patient, severity and duration of inflammation).

Surgical treatment for acute frontal sinusitis is used only in cases where conservative methods do not provide positive treatment dynamics, when the symptoms of the disease increase with a significant increase in pain and fever. In the department of diseases of the nose and pharynx of the Federal State Budgetary Institution NKTsO FMBA of Russia, only modern low-traumatic surgical methods are used for surgical treatment.

The Center widely and successfully uses special video endoscopic equipment, with the help of which a specialist accurately performs manipulations to expand the anastomosis of the frontonasal canal for the outflow of purulent contents from the sinus without disturbing or damaging adjacent tissues. After a minimally traumatic operation, our patients recover quickly and have good treatment results.

Complications of acute sinusitis

It must be remembered that acute frontal sinusitis is a dangerous and insidious disease. This is due to the fact that the infection that affects the frontal sinuses can actively move, causing a number of serious complications:

- osteomyelitis - purulent inflammation of the frontal bones;

- periostitis - inflammation of the tissue around the bone;

- phlegmon of the orbital region - inflammation of the eye tissue;

- intracranial complications, such as subdural abscess, meningitis, sepsis.

All of these diseases are a threat to the patient’s life.

Prevention of acute sinusitis

In order not to subject your health to serious and long-term treatment, you must follow simple preventive measures, namely:

- try to dress according to the weather to avoid hypothermia of your body;

- monitor the functioning of your immune system, keep it in good shape;

— engage in physical training, condition your body;

- consult a doctor in a timely manner, treat runny nose and ARVI correctly;

- do not self-medicate, including taking antibiotics without a doctor’s prescription

Acute frontal sinusitis is very dangerous due to its complications. Don't neglect the symptoms. Learn to listen to your body. Establishing an accurate diagnosis will not require much of your time, but will help avoid long-term treatment and preserve your health for many years.

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Frontit. Causes, symptoms and signs, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods of treating frontal sinusitis: traditional methods, medicines, antibiotics. Types of frontal sinusitis: right-sided, left-sided, catarrhal, purulent, acute

FAQ

The site provides reference information. Adequate diagnosis and treatment of the disease is possible under the supervision of a conscientious doctor.

  • two maxillary (maxillary)
  • two frontal
  • two lattice mazes
  • one wedge-shaped (main)

These are small cavities in the bones of the skull that open into the nasal passages. Normally, the sinuses contain air. They perform a number of important functions:

  • humidify and warm the inhaled air
  • makes the skull bones lighter
  • isolate the roots of teeth and eyeballs from temperature fluctuations
  • act as a buffer for facial injuries
  • act as a vocal resonator

In humans, the frontal bone contains two frontal sinuses. They have the shape of a pyramid, located base down. The pyramid is divided into two parts by a bony septum.

  1. lower (orbital) – the thinnest
  2. the front one is the strongest and thickest
  3. posterior – separates the sinus from the cranial fossa
  4. internal, also known as the septum, divides the cavity into right and left halves

The size of the frontal sinus can vary significantly from person to person. Its volume ranges from 3 to 5 cm. And in 10% of people it may be completely absent. Heredity plays a big role in this.

Causes of frontal sinusitis

Infection

  • adenoviruses
  • coronaviruses
  • rhinoviruses
  • respiratory syncytial viruses

Bacterial frontal sinusitis is caused by:

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • Pyogenes
  • Staphylococcus aureus

Frontal sinusitis in children is caused by the bacterium M.catarrhalis. In this case, the disease is relatively mild.

Allergy

Nasal polyps

Injuries to the nose and paranasal sinuses

Deviation of the nasal septum and hypertrophy of the nasal turbinates

Foreign bodies

Symptoms and signs of frontal sinusitis

Acute frontal sinusitis

  • sharp pain in the forehead, aggravated by tapping or pressing on the anterior wall of the frontal sinus (forehead area above the bridge of the nose)
  • discomfort occurs in the area of ​​the inner corner of the eye
  • eye pain, lacrimation, photophobia
  • nasal congestion and difficulty breathing through the nose
  • copious discharge from the nose, at first it is transparent, mucous, but over time it can turn purulent
  • with right- or left-sided frontal sinusitis, discharge from the corresponding half of the nose;
  • swelling of the face, especially at the inner corner of the eye
  • the color of the skin over the sinus may be changed
  • temperature rises to 39°, but in some cases the temperature may be low;
  • feeling of weakness, weakness as a result of general intoxication of the body
  • When examined by an ENT specialist, mucopurulent discharge, redness and swelling of the nasal mucosa are detected

Pain in acute frontal sinusitis is cyclical. During periods when the outflow of mucus from the frontal sinus is disrupted, the pain intensifies. This stagnation causes the condition to worsen in the morning. The pain becomes severe, radiating to the eye, temple, and the corresponding half of the head. After the sinus is freed from the contents, the pain subsides.

Chronic frontal sinusitis

  • aching or pressing pain in the frontal sinus area, which intensifies with tapping
  • when pressing, sharp pain in the inner corner of the eye
  • profuse purulent discharge from the nose in the morning with an unpleasant odor
  • a large amount of purulent sputum in the morning

Just because the symptoms have become weaker does not mean that there has been an improvement. On the contrary, chronic frontal sinusitis can lead to serious consequences and life-threatening complications.

Diagnosis of frontal sinusitis

  • Determine the condition of the mucous membrane, swelling, thickening, presence of polyps
  • Determine what comes out of the sinuses and where it flows
    • Examine the condition of the mucous membranes in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
  • Identify the structural features of the sinuses and nasal septum
  • Determine what factors caused the disease
    • Determine the shape and condition of the frontal sinuses
  • Determine the presence of inflammation and mucus accumulation in them
  • Identify swelling of the mucous membrane
  • Determine inflammation in other paranasal sinuses

    • Types of frontal sinusitis

    • Infections
    • Injuries
    • Allergic runny nose
    • Vasoconstrictor drops and sprays
    • Antibiotics
    • Antipyretics
    • Painkillers
    • Antihistamines
    • Aching or pressing pain
    • A feeling of “fullness” caused by the accumulation of contents in the sinus
    • Slight rise in temperature
    • Severe difficulty breathing through the nose
    • Loss of smell
    • Copious purulent discharge with an unpleasant odor
    • Large amount of phlegm in the morning
    • Previous flu, acute rhinitis
    • Prolonged course of acute frontal sinusitis or its reoccurrence
    • Deviated nasal septum
    • Nasal polyps
    • Foreign body in the nasal passages
    • Weakened immunity
    • Antibiotics
    • Vasoconstrictor drops
    • Decongestants
    • Homeopathic remedies
    • Washing
    • Electrophoresis
    • Expansion of the frontonasal canal
    • Puncture of the frontal sinus

    Classification by type of inflammatory process

    • Severe pain in the central part of the forehead, worsens with pressure and tilting of the head
    • Temperature rises to 39°C
    • Puffiness under the eyes
    • Nasal rinsing
    • Vasoconstrictor drops
    • Antibiotics for fever
    • Preparations for normalizing microflora
    • Allergy remedies
    • Heat
    • Severe headache in the frontotemporal region
    • Weakness
    • Labored breathing
    • Mucopurulent discharge from the nose
    • Inflammation caused by bacteria
  • Violation of the outflow of contents from the frontal sinus
    • Antibiotics
    • Possible puncture due to frontal sinusitis
    • Anti-inflammatory and painkillers
    • Decongestant drops
    • Labored breathing
    • Constant aching pain in the forehead area
    • Mucus discharge
    • Labored breathing
    • Aching pain in the center of the forehead
    • Mucous discharge from the nose
    • Bacterial infection
    • Increased division of mucosal cells
    • Specific immune response to inflammation
    • Antibacterial therapy
    • Vasoconstrictor drops

    Classification by process localization

    • Left-handed

    Body temperature 37.3-39°C

    It can also be a consequence of injuries and decreased local immunity

    • antibiotics
    • painkillers,
    • anti-inflammatory,
    • antiallergic,
    • decongestants

    If treatment does not produce results, then surgery for frontal sinusitis may be necessary.

    It can radiate to different parts of the head. Discharge from both nostrils.

    Surgical methods of treatment

    Treatment of frontal sinusitis

    Traditional methods of treating frontal sinusitis

    Treatment of frontal sinusitis at home is allowed for mild forms of the disease. Treatment prescribed by a doctor can be supplemented with inhalations, ointments and warming agents. Traditional methods can help cope with the disease more effectively and quickly. However, it is necessary that the results of treatment are monitored by an ENT specialist.

    Inhalations for the treatment of sinusitis

    1. Boil the potatoes in their skins, drain the water. Mash the potatoes and breathe in the steam over the pan. For greater effect, cover your head with a terry towel.
    2. Brew chamomile flowers, add a few drops of tea tree or eucalyptus essential oil to the hot broth. Breathe steam over the mixture.
    3. Bring one and a half liters of water to a boil, throw in 7-10 bay leaves. Turn the heat to low and breathe steam over the pan for five minutes.
    4. Grind 4 cloves of garlic, add half a glass of apple cider vinegar and half a glass of boiling water. Breathe over the solution for 15 minutes, 3 times a day, covered with a towel. Add hot water as it cools.
    5. Boil water in a saucepan and add a small amount of “Star” balm or dry menthol. Remove from heat and breathe in the steam for five minutes, covering your head with a towel.

    Solutions for rinsing the nose for sinusitis

    1. Grind one medium onion on a grater or in a blender and pour a glass of boiling water. When the mixture has cooled, add a teaspoon of honey. Strain and rinse your nose with this mixture three to four times a day. This remedy kills bacteria, helps relieve inflammation and improve local immunity. Not suitable for frontal sinusitis caused by an allergic reaction.
  • In one glass of warm boiled water you need to dissolve one teaspoon of salt, a pinch of soda and three drops of tea tree oil. Use for rinsing 3-4 times a day. This composition disinfects the nasal cavity and has a strong antiviral and anti-inflammatory effect.
  • Prepare a decoction of chamomile flowers; this is a strong antiseptic and antimicrobial agent. Cool, strain and use for rinsing every two hours.
  • Dissolve a tablespoon of chlorophyllipt alcohol solution in half a liter of warm boiled water. It has an antibacterial effect and fights even those microorganisms that have developed resistance to antibiotics. The solution is used for washing 3-4 times a day.
  • It is also effective to rinse your nose with saline solution. You can make it yourself (one teaspoon of salt per liter of boiled water) or buy it ready-made at the pharmacy. This product cleanses well of mucus, germs and allergens without irritating the mucous membrane.

    • Drops for the treatment of sinusitis

    1. Take black radish, peel and grate. Squeeze the juice and use for instillation 3-4 times a day. The juice contains a large amount of essential oils and helps clear mucus from the sinuses.
  • Wash the cyclamen tubers thoroughly, chop them and squeeze out the juice. It must be diluted with water (one part juice to four parts water) and strain well. At night, place two drops in each nostril and massage the sinuses well. Cyclamen is considered a remedy that helps defeat the disease at any stage.
  • Pluck large Kalanchoe leaves and keep in the refrigerator for three days. After this, grind them and squeeze out the juice using gauze. Dilute the liquid twice with water and drop it into the nose 2-3 times a day. Kalanchoe helps to liquefy nasal contents and facilitate their rapid elimination.
  • Place a small piece of propolis in the freezer for several hours. After this, quickly pound it in a mortar and pour in refined vegetable oil. Let it brew for three days in a dark place. The product helps fight inflammation and soothes the nasal mucosa. Do not use if you have an allergic rhinitis.
  • Take 10 g of chamomile flowers, 10 g of marsh grass, 15 g of St. John's wort. Brew the components separately with a glass of boiling water, cool and strain. Place 5 drops in each nostril 3 times a day. This composition helps relieve inflammation and open clogged frontal sinuses.
  • Mix equal parts of celandine juice and chamomile juice. Place 1-2 drops in each nostril. This composition effectively fights frontal sinusitis caused by polyps.

    • Ointments for frontal sinusitis

    1. Take 4 parts pork fat and one part kerosene. Mix and store in the refrigerator. Rub the ointment into the forehead and wings of the nose several times a day. You can insert cotton swabs soaked in this ointment into your nose. The procedure lasts 3 hours once a day. The product disinfects and dissolves adhesions.
  • In a water bath, melt crushed laundry soap (1/2 piece), a teaspoon of vegetable oil, 70% alcohol, honey and milk. Cool and soak cotton wool with ointment. Apply 3 times a day for 15 minutes. The course of treatment is two weeks. If necessary, repeat the course after 10 days. The ointment disinfects, cleanses and relieves inflammation.
  • Prepare an ointment from equal parts of honey, aloe juice, onion juice, cyclamen juice, and Vishnevsky ointment. Mix all ingredients thoroughly until smooth and store in the refrigerator. Turunda soaked in ointment are placed in the nose for 30 minutes. The course of treatment is three weeks.
  • Crush the garlic clove and mix with an equal amount of butter. Store this ointment in the refrigerator and lubricate your forehead before going to bed. Garlic phytoncides penetrate deeply into tissues and help get rid of the disease.

    • Clay cakes

    Dry heat treatment

    1. Heat 3-5 tablespoons of sand or salt in a frying pan. Pour into a fabric bag and apply to the forehead in the frontal sinus area. The duration of the procedure is minutes.
    2. Boil an egg and apply to your forehead. While it is too hot, you can wrap it in a handkerchief. Keep it until it cools down.
    3. Wear a wool bandage on the forehead. This warming up can last for several hours. After the procedure, it is important to avoid hypothermia outdoors.

    Only if the doctor has determined that the outflow from the sinus is not impaired and there is no pus in it, warming procedures can be performed. Otherwise, such measures can significantly worsen the patient’s condition.

    Drug treatment

    When should you start taking antibiotics?

    What antibiotics are usually prescribed for frontal sinusitis?

    The most effective is intramuscular or intravenous administration of antibiotics. If necessary, an antibiotic solution is injected directly into the frontal sinus through a hole made in the frontal bone.

    In the treatment of chronic frontal sinusitis, when the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics is determined, narrowly targeted drugs are prescribed. If the cause is Haemophilus influenzae, then Ampicillin and Amoxiclav are prescribed.

    What other medications are taken to treat frontal sinusitis?

    Physiotherapeutic procedures

    When is a puncture done for frontal sinusitis?

    Complications with frontal sinusitis

    Prevention of frontal sinusitis

    What is the difference between frontal sinusitis, sinusitis, ethmoiditis, sphenoiditis, sinusitis?

    What are the features of frontal sinusitis in children?

    Features of the anatomy of the frontal sinuses in children

    Causes of frontal sinusitis in children

    • the most common cause is respiratory viral infections;
    • in childhood, the role of factors such as adenoids and hypertrophy of the nasal turbinates is great;
    • in the development of frontal sinusitis and other sinusitis in children, a decrease in immunity, which is congenital in nature, caused by frequent acute respiratory infections or associated with age-related immaturity of the immune system, may play a role;
    • Hypothermia often contributes to the onset of the disease.

    Symptoms of frontal sinusitis in children

    • headache that bothers you constantly;
    • difficulty in nasal breathing;
    • poor sleep;
    • the child becomes capricious and refuses to eat;
    • discharge of pus from the nose;
    • impaired sense of smell;
    • severe pain above the eyebrow, in the place where the sinus is located;
    • lacrimation;
    • painful reaction to bright light;
    • swelling of the skin of the eyelid, forehead.

    The main symptoms of chronic sinusitis in children:

    • slight increase in temperature;
    • constant fatigue;
    • not very strong, but constant headache, which gets worse in the morning, during eye movements;
    • lacrimation;
    • During the examination, the doctor discovers pus in the nose, and sometimes polyps are found.

    Frontal sinusitis and other sinusitis cause complications in children more often than in adults and can be more severe. Therefore, when symptoms appear, it is important to contact an ENT doctor in time and begin treatment.

    When does frontal sinusitis occur without nasal discharge and runny nose?

    Why does frontal sinusitis occur during pregnancy? How can it be treated?

    2. Not all treatment methods can be used during pregnancy.

    How is frontal sinusitis coded in the ICD?

    • J32: chronic sinusitis - J32.1: chronic frontal sinusitis;
    • J01: acute sinusitis - J01.1: acute frontal sinusitis.

    What does frontitis look like in the picture?

    What is a YAMIK catheter for frontal sinusitis?

    What problems does the YAMIK sinus catheter help solve?

    How is the YAMIK sinus catheter installed?

    • Hemorrhagic vasculitis is a disease characterized by inflammation of blood vessels and the formation of blood clots in them. Bleeding may occur while using the catheter.
    • Total polyposis of the nasal mucosa.
    • Advanced age.

    What is trephine puncture for frontal sinusitis?

    Is it true that the symptoms of frontal sinusitis are very similar to trigeminal neuralgia?

    What kind of procedure is this - “cuckoo”?

    • sneezing due to irritation of the nasal mucosa;
    • nose bleed;
    • slight headache;
    • nasal congestion;
    • burning in the nose;
    • redness of the eyes.

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    Source: http://www.polismed.com/articles-frontit-prichiny-simptomy-i-priznaki-diagnostika.html

    Symptoms and treatment of acute sinusitis

    Over the past few decades, sinusitis of various kinds has been one of the most common diseases, affecting every tenth person in the world. Acute frontal sinusitis is a type of sinusitis in which the inflammatory process is localized to the frontal paranasal sinus. The disease causes a lot of discomfort and has a number of serious complications. What therapeutic and preventive measures are used to eliminate pathology?

    Acute frontal sinusitis - what is it?

    Acute frontal sinusitis (frontal sinusitis) is an inflammatory process in the tissues of the mucous membrane of the frontal sinus. The pathology is not diagnosed as often as sinusitis, but it has more serious complications. Occurs against the background of viral, bacterial or fungal infections of the respiratory system, hypothermia.

    The main causes of frontal sinusitis:

    • abnormal position of the septum, congenital or acquired due to injury;
    • an increase in the size of the nasal concha due to chronic allergic and medicinal rhinitis;
    • neoplasms and polyps.

    Sometimes the inflammatory process of the nasal sinus develops as a consequence of caries or an abscess.

    Important! Frontal sinusitis is rare in children; the frontal sinus is fully formed at 3–4 years.

    Types of frontal sinusitis

    There are several types of classification of frontal sinusitis. The acute form develops against the background of injuries, allergies and infections. Chronic frontal sinusitis is a consequence of influenza, prolonged rhinitis, and polyps.

    Depending on the location of the source of inflammation, there is acute left-sided frontal sinusitis and acute right-sided frontal sinusitis. With bilateral inflammation, all symptoms are more severe and surgical intervention is often required.

    1. Acute catarrhal sinusitis - it is characterized by constant throbbing pain in the central frontal part, high temperature, noticeable swelling of the tissues around the eyes. Develops against the background of long-term infectious and inflammatory processes in the nose.
    2. Acute purulent frontal sinusitis is a bacterial form of the disease that can occur due to a violation of the outflow of mucus. The discharge is purulent in nature, the disease is accompanied by high fever, weakness, severe pain in the temporal, frontal region, and superciliary arches.
    3. Cystic and polypous frontal sinusitis refers to the productive forms of the disease. Breathing through the nose is difficult, the person is bothered by constant throbbing pain in the frontal part and strong mucus discharge. This form of pathology requires surgical intervention and removal of tumors.
    4. Parietal hyperplastic frontal sinusitis begins to grow against the background of the inflammatory process.

    ICD-10 code –J32–J32.1 – chronic sinusitis and chronic frontal sinusitis. For the acute form, code J01–J01.1 is used.

    Symptoms of the disease

    Frontitis has a number of characteristic signs, which greatly facilitates diagnosis. Signs of an acute form of pathology:

    • pain in the frontal part, which becomes more intense when the body is tilted forward, pressing on the superciliary arches;
    • difficulty breathing through the nose, often completely absent;
    • deterioration of sense of smell;
    • copious purulent or mucous discharge;
    • increased lacrimation;
    • swelling, redness of the skin in the upper part of the face.

    Important! Pain in acute frontal sinusitis is cyclical in nature - it intensifies immediately after waking up, when the outflow of mucus is severely impaired. After removing the stagnation, the pain syndrome becomes weaker.

    Acute inflammation becomes chronic 1–2 months after the onset of inflammation. The main reason is incorrect or untimely drug therapy. Chronic frontal sinusitis manifests itself in a weaker form - the pain is aching and pressing in nature, in the morning hours a lot of sputum with pus appears.

    The weakening of symptoms in the chronic form does not indicate the beginning of the recovery process. It is this form of pathology that entails the development of complications and concomitant diseases.

    Without proper treatment, the infection moves to nearby tissues, the frontal bone, and the retina of the eyes. The most severe complications of inflammation in adults are abscess, sepsis, and meningitis.

    How to treat acute frontal sinusitis

    The main method of treatment in adults is the use of antibacterial agents in the form of tablets and sprays. The main indicator for starting antibacterial therapy is purulent discharge. The duration of antibacterial therapy is 7–10 days.

    Effective antibacterial agents:

    • at the initial stage of inflammation, sprays and drops with antibacterial properties - Isofra, Bioparox - help;
    • in acute cases, antibacterial drugs with a broad spectrum of action are prescribed - Sumamed;
    • in the chronic form, an analysis is required to determine the sensitivity of pathogenic microflora to antibiotics; narrowly targeted drugs are used - Amoxiclav, Ampicillin.

    In addition to antibiotics, complex therapy includes antihistamines to reduce swelling - Diazolin, Suprastin. For thick purulent mucus, ACC-long is prescribed, and painkillers and antipyretics are additionally used.

    Additionally, the treatment regimen includes methods of physiotherapy - microwave, UHF, heating with a blue lamp, light therapy. All these remedies are effective only in mild forms of pathology, when there are no pus impurities in the mucus. Otherwise, any warming methods are prohibited.

    Cuckoo is the most popular and effective procedure for treating various inflammatory processes of the respiratory system. For washing, a solution of furatsilin and other medications is used. This procedure helps to cleanse the sinuses well.

    Treatment in a hospital is necessary for severe forms of the pathology; in this case, medications are administered by injection. Surgical intervention and punching of pus is indicated in the absence of positive dynamics after drug therapy - the pain intensifies, the temperature is constantly elevated.

    Treatment with folk remedies

    When treating at home, you need to remember that any type of heating is contraindicated for purulent pathology. Any methods of alternative therapy should be discussed with your doctor.

    To quickly eliminate inflammation, you need to frequently rinse your nasal passages with a solution of regular or sea salt - dissolve 5 g of salt in 200 ml of water, add 1 g of soda and 3 drops of tea tree oil.

    For inhalation, you can use hot potato decoction. Or prepare a solution for inhalation from 1.5 liters of boiling water and 10 bay leaves - in pairs you need at least a quarter of an hour.

    Black radish juice has strong antibacterial properties. It is necessary to grate a fresh vegetable, squeeze out the juice, and instill 1-2 drops into each nasal passage three times a day.

    To improve the outflow of mucus in the morning, before going to bed, you need to insert a turunda with medicinal ointment into your nose for half an hour. Mix 30 g of liquid honey, fresh aloe juice, onion and cyclamen, Vishnevsky ointment. The procedure must be repeated daily for 10–14 days.

    Prevention

    The inflammatory process of the nasal sinuses requires long-term, often expensive treatment - so simple precautions should not be followed.

    • avoid hypothermia;
    • hardening, regular moderate physical activity;
    • strengthening the immune system;
    • timely treatment of rhinitis and respiratory diseases.

    To prevent inflammation, it is necessary to take vitamin complexes in spring and autumn, wear gauze bandages during epidemics, eat a balanced diet, and get rid of bad habits.

    Acute frontal sinusitis is dangerous due to complications, so at the first signs of inflammation you should consult a doctor. Traditional methods can only be a good support for drug therapy; it is impossible to cure inflammation of the frontal sinus with herbs alone.

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    Source: http://www.lechim-prosto.ru/ostryj-frontit-simptomy-prichiny-lechenie.html