What to put in a nebulizer

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What inhalations can be done for a runny nose: recipes

A runny nose is a constant companion to a cold. Everyone is familiar with him. There are several ways to treat it: medication, folk remedies and inhalations.

Table of contents:

The latter procedures are more effectively carried out with a nebulizer. This ultrasonic device can quickly ease breathing with a runny nose, and then completely get rid of it, which is why inhalation with a nebulizer for a runny nose is so popular; recipes can be found in the article.

The benefits of the procedure for rhinitis

Inhalations with such a device help effectively and, most importantly, safely eliminate the symptoms of rhinitis without resorting to potent drugs. It can be effective at any stage of a runny nose, but it is still better to use it from the first days. He will be able to:

  • moisturize the nasal mucosa;
  • make nasal discharge less viscous and thereby reduce its discharge;
  • eliminate dryness and itching in the nasal passages;
  • soften crusts formed from dry air or sleep and help eliminate them;
  • ensure the directed effect of the drug on the entire surface of the mucous membrane of the nasal passages;
  • reduce swelling and inflammation of the inner lining of the nose.

The video explains how to breathe through a nebulizer when you have a runny nose:

Rules to follow when performing inhalations:

  1. the environment during the procedure should be calm so that the patient near the device is not distracted by anything;
  2. inhalation is carried out no earlier than an hour after eating;
  3. after using the nebulizer, you should not smoke, drink alcohol, rinse your mouth or drink mucus removers for an hour;
  4. the aerosol must be inhaled deeply through the mouth, and then after a few seconds exhaled through the mouth;
  5. For effective treatment you need to undergo at least 8 inhalations. Each of them should last at least 10 minutes.

The use of a nebulizer is justified in case of viral diseases. Inhalations with it do not have a systemic interaction on the body, and this eliminates the formation of side effects. The device has a local effect on the runny nose: it alleviates symptoms and reduces pathological processes. It works more efficiently than other devices due to the fact that the drug particles coming out of it have a more finely dispersed structure, and therefore are more easily absorbed into the affected area of ​​the nose. But it is worth knowing that such an inhaler requires the use of certain solutions.

The video talks about the mandatory use of an inhaler in some cases:

What to put in a device to treat a runny nose?

Before answering this question, we will first tell you which substances absolutely cannot be used for it:

  • vasoconstrictor drugs. They can cause breathing problems when they penetrate the bronchi;
  • infusions and decoctions of herbs. Firstly, plant particles become clogged in various parts of the device and lead to its breakdown. Secondly, during vaporization, drops of herbal remedies that enter the lungs can cause allergic reactions;
  • oils They will ruin the nebulizer, and it will not be possible to restore it later. Also, their use can provoke pneumonia or lead to desolation of areas of the lungs.

The selection of medicinal solutions for the nebulizer cannot be done independently. You need to visit a doctor; perhaps, at a certain stage of the disease, he may prescribe strong drugs such as antibiotics.

Here you can read about the symptoms and treatment of allergic cough in adults.

The specialist will also tell you the recipe for preparing the solution and give clear proportions of the substances included in it. A wide range of pharmacy tinctures and solutions can be used for the nebulizer. Products intended for inhalation have a high degree of purification. Pharmacological companies even produce special formulations for such inhalers. They bottle them in advance into certain volumes in compliance with optimal proportions for certain diseases. Before using them, you should carefully read the instructions attached to them to avoid allergic reactions to their components.

How to refill a nebulizer to breathe? You can pour it into a nebulizer for a runny nose:

  • alkaline and salt complexes (sodium chloride and its bicarbonate, saline solution or mineral water);
  • immunostimulants (interferon or derinat);
  • antibacterial and antiseptic agents (furacilin, dioxidin, ceftriaxone, fluimucil or streptomycin);
  • anti-inflammatory drugs (rotocan, eucalyptus, propolis or malavit);
  • hormonal (cromohexal, dexamethasone or pulmicort).

It is important that pregnant women can use such inhalations, but they should be careful when choosing a medicine for them. They should avoid using drugs with a strong odor to prevent their health from worsening.

The most suitable for them are:

Next, we will consider in detail how to properly prepare solutions with each of the representatives of your group.

Methods for preparing solutions

Here are the recommended doses and proportions of medicinal solutions.

Salt and alkaline

A frequently used and simple procedure is to inhale saline vapor. For these purposes, its 0.9% salt composition is taken, and sometimes Borjomi water is used. For the active substance to work effectively, the alkaline solution must be slightly heated (up to 30 degrees). When these substances are inhaled, the crusts in the nasal canals soften and the mucous membranes are moistened. The removal of mucus improves and dryness in the nose decreases.

Immunostimulants

Interferon is especially popular among this group. His recipe is not complicated. The contents of one ampoule of the medicine are mixed with 3 ml of saline solution and all this is poured into the nebulizer. The duration of the procedure should be from 5 to 15 minutes. It is repeated twice a day.

Derinat is an antiviral drug. To carry out inhalation, you need to take 2 ml of the medicine and dilute 2 ml of saline solution.

Antibiotics and antiseptics

Independent use of antibacterial agents can worsen the situation: lower immunity and provoke the occurrence of fungal infections.

  • Fluimucil is a two-component antibiotic. Consists of thiamphenicol and acetylcysteine. It effectively thins mucus. It is especially good for treating diseases that are accompanied not only by a runny nose, but also by a cough. Its solution is prepared as follows: the drug in the form of a dry powder is dissolved in 5 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride. The resulting composition is divided into two doses.
  • Dioxidin is an antibacterial drug. Its active ingredient is quinoxaline. It can be either 1% or 0.5%. If the latter option is chosen, then it is diluted with saline solution, maintaining a ratio of 1:2, and for a 1% solution it is equal to 1:4. No more than 4 ml of the resulting composition can be used in one procedure.
  • Ceftriaxone is a powerful antibiotic. It is diluted with water for injection. Take a 1 ml bottle and mix it with 5 ml of water for injection. Before use, you must mix it thoroughly. The minimum duration of the procedure with it is 5 minutes.
  • Furacillin is an antiseptic. It is poured into the device for inhalation without prior dilution. A 0.02% solution is used in an amount of 4 ml. Twice a day. Read whether it is possible to rinse a child’s nose with furatsilin.
  • Streptomycin is an antiseptic. 0.25 grams of the medicine is diluted in 5 ml of sodium chloride.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

  • Русский
  • Rotokan consists of natural ingredients: chamomile, calendula and yarrow. The drug is diluted in saline solution at a ratio of 1:40. One dosage for the inhaler should contain 4 ml of the diluted composition. Inhalations with it are done three times a day.
  • Propolis. Its tincture is used. It is diluted with saline solution 1:20. 1 ml of herbal remedy and 20 ml of physiological composition, respectively.
  • Eucalyptus extract – Chlorophyllipt. It removes the viscosity of mucus, making it more fluid. Take 10 – 15 drops of the product and dissolve in 200 ml of saline solution. One inhalation contains 3 ml of the prepared composition. It is repeated three times a day.
  • Malavit is a biological supplement consisting of herbal extracts and minerals. For inhalation, 1 ml of the drug is dissolved in 30 ml of saline solution. One dose – 3 ml. It is used three times a day.

Hormonal agents

  • Русский
  • Dexamethasone. Used diluted. You need to take a 0.4% solution for injection. Take 2 mg of the product at a time, dissolve in 3 ml of saline and use up to 4 times a day. You can also use it in ampoules. Then its ratio with the additional substance will be 1:6. The product is used for no more than a week.
  • Pulmicort. Available in the form of suspensions for inhalation with adult and pediatric dosages. It is used in its pure form. Only if the single dosage prescribed by the doctor is less than 2 ml, then it is brought to this amount by adding saline solution. Inhalations with it are done 1 to 3 times a day. Adults and children over 12 years of age use 1 mg per inhalation. And for children who have not yet reached this age, the dosage is prescribed in the amount of 0.25 mg.
  • Cromohexal. The active substance is cromoglycic acid. The contents of the bottle do not need to be diluted. Adults and children over two years of age are prescribed 1 bottle four times a day.

There is no doubt about the effectiveness of nebulizer inhalations. It eliminates runny nose more effectively than other remedies. In addition, it is completely safe, so it is recommended for use even by babies under one year old. The device stimulates the discharge of mucus, moisturizes the mucous membranes of the nasal passages and helps to quickly get rid of a runny nose for a long time. You may also find useful information about the drugs used for inhalation with a nebulizer for laryngitis. Also read what inhalations you can do for allergic rhinitis. Here you can find out what to do if your child has a runny nose that doesn’t go away for two weeks.

Source: http://prolor.ru/n/lechenie-n/ingalyacii-pri-nasmorke-nebulajzerom-recepty.html

What can you put in a nebulizer?

Nebulizers are used to treat rhinitis, sinusitis, laryngitis and bronchitis, as well as some types of sore throat and pneumonia. They are often advertised on TV, there are programs dedicated to their choice; in addition, the nebulizer is a favorite topic for mothers in line to see the pediatrician. However, many make the mistake of believing that using a nebulizer in itself guarantees relief from the disease.

The therapeutic effect is not exerted by the inhaler, but by the drug introduced into the body through the use of this device. Therefore, the effectiveness of treatment depends not on the brand and type of nebulizer, but on what product is poured into it to convert it into an aerosol.

Types of nebulizers

Before pouring any solution into the inhaler container, you should make sure whether this type of drug can be used for this type of nebulizer. The thing is that the list of drugs used for different devices has its limitations.

Thus, oily solutions can only be poured into coarse devices that produce aerosols that are unable to penetrate deeper than the nasopharynx. If you ignore this recommendation and use oily drugs for inhalation in a nebulizer that sprays a liquid 1–2 microns in size that can penetrate the trachea and alveoli, you can get complications in the form of oil pneumonia.

In addition, you can break a nebulizer that is not designed to spray such a liquid, but this is a secondary problem.

When treating a runny nose, you can often hear recommendations about inhaling a decoction of herbs that have anti-inflammatory, moisturizing and antiseptic properties. Such procedures are possible only with the use of ultrasonic nebulizers in the instructions, of which herbal decoctions are included in the list of permitted ones. Most compressor and strainer devices are incompatible with this type of liquid.

A nebulizer is used not only to treat a runny nose; it can be used to administer antibiotics, glucocorticoids and mucolytics for complicated bronchitis or pneumonia. But you should know that such drugs can only be administered using a compressor and mesh nebulizer, but under the influence of ultrasound, these complex molecular substances lose their medicinal abilities.

With a runny nose

When treating a runny nose, moisturizing inhalations with a 0.9% sodium chloride solution are popular, as well as using alkaline mineral waters, for example, Borjomi, Essentuki No. 4, which not only prevent the mucous membrane from drying out, but also restore it.

When treating a bacterial rhinitis, one cannot do without the use of antibacterial and antiseptic drugs. You can use inhalations with Decasan diluted half with saline solution to treat purulent runny nose.

Also, to eliminate fungal and bacterial infections in the oropharynx and nasal passages, inhalations with a solution of Miramistin, Gentamicin, Chlorophyllipt, Furacilin or Dioxidin are suitable, which have disinfecting abilities, while affecting only the mucous membrane, without penetrating into the blood and without affecting the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. When using a nebulizer for antiseptic therapy in the treatment of bacterial rhinitis, you should use only a freshly prepared solution, and also observe the proportions and dosage.

In acute sinusitis, to remove exudate from the paranasal sinuses, as well as relieve inflammation, inhalations with the homeopathic drug Sinupret are used, which contains extracts of many medicinal plants, including primrose, gentian, sorrel, verbena, known for their mucolytic and anti-inflammatory abilities. If you are not allergic to herbal components, you can use a nebulizer to administer herbal remedies Retokan and Propolis, which also relieve inflammation of the mucous membrane and help restore nasal breathing.

For the treatment of runny nose and cough in children under 3 years of age, inhalations are used only after examination by a doctor and his recommendations. Uncontrolled use of the procedure can lead to swelling of mucus in the narrow airways, which can lead to obstruction.

For sore throat

For throat diseases such as tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis and laryngotracheitis, a nebulizer is also used to administer medications and solutions.

Antibacterial therapy is based on the use of the same solutions as in the treatment of a runny nose. In case of swelling of the larynx, characteristic of allergic reactions, acute tonsillitis, as well as false croup against the background of laryngitis, a single injection of a solution of Epinephrine or Naphthyzine is administered. To prepare a solution, 0.5 ml of the drug is diluted in 3 ml of saline solution.

To eliminate inflammatory processes in the throat, herbal preparations such as Tonsilgon or calendula extract are used.

For dry and wet cough

For dry, non-productive cough, inhalations with mineral water can be used at the beginning of treatment. After filling the nebulizer with 5 ml of Borjomi, you should inhale for up to 10 minutes. During the day, you can carry out 4-5 inhalation sessions. As a rule, on the 2nd day of such therapy, the cough will moisten and sputum will be released.

For dry, suffocating cough caused by asthma, inhalations with bronchodilators, such as Albuterol, Berodual, Bortek, as well as drugs based on Salbutamol, are used to alleviate the condition.

If a dry cough is a symptom of acute respiratory infections, mucolytics are used - drugs that dilute sputum for further expectoration. The nebulizer is suitable for administering medications such as Mucaltin solution, Ambrobene, Fluimicil, ACC, which contribute to the transition of a painful cough into a more productive, moist one. When treating a runny nose and cough with inhalations, you should remember that the nebulizer is not suitable for administering sugar-containing drugs, and remove the solutions.

For wet cough, inhalation procedures are carried out only on the recommendation of a doctor. If there are indications for the use of such procedures, the recommended treatment agents are special solutions for administration into the body in the form of an aerosol - Ambroxol, Lazolvan, Ambrohexal.

For bronchitis

A nebulizer is simply irreplaceable for those diagnosed with bronchial asthma. This is a chronic disease that requires constant use of medications, the administration of which through inhalation reduces the risk of side effects.

The list of medications, as well as their dosage, is determined by the attending physician. Most often, bronchodilators are prescribed for bronchial asthma, such as Berodual for inhalation. In case of complications, Bortek or inhalations with Ventolin Nebula are prescribed, which eliminate an attack of suffocation.

Glucocorticosteroids and antihistamines are also prescribed for bronchial asthma. Only compressor and mesh nebulizers are suitable for administering this group of drugs in the form of a fine aerosol.

Effective means to relieve swelling of the lower respiratory tract:

  • Pulmicort is a suspension for inhalation, suitable for the treatment of adults and children. It has anti-inflammatory effects and also eliminates swelling due to an allergic reaction. Pulmicort is often used in the treatment of obstructive pulmonary inflammation as a complementary therapy to the administration of antibiotics.
  • Cromohexal is a solution for inhalation for asthma and allergic bronchial edema.
  • Dexamethasone is a strong drug designed to eliminate inflammation in the lower respiratory tract.
  • In case of bacterial nature of inflammatory diseases in the bronchi and alveoli, it is effective to use inhalations with the antibiotic Fluimicil, which also helps to thin the sputum.

Before you begin treatment of the respiratory tract with inhalations, you should consult a doctor, who will prescribe the correct dosage of solutions, as well as the frequency of administration. Self-medication can lead to serious complications.

Source: http://nasmorklechit.ru/procedury/nebulaizer-chto-mozhno-zalivat.html

Inhalations with a nebulizer - which drugs are effective for which cough?

Using an inhaler, you can quickly and effectively soften a dry cough, facilitate the removal of phlegm, relieve an attack of suffocation, and get rid of a painful cough altogether. Inhalations are painless and can be performed at home. A simple procedure using a nebulizer can not only quickly relieve a cough, but also shorten the recovery time for acute viral diseases. What drugs are used for inhalation for cough?

All inhalers can be divided into:

  • Steam inhalers that convert a medicinal solution into steam for inhalation by heating
  • Nebulizers

Video review of inhaler types

Note! Kids will be happy to inhale through a nebulizer in the form of a game, where the device itself is a toy.

Inhalations with a nebulizer are used:

  • In the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract
  • In complex therapy for chronic bronchial diseases
  • In the treatment of sore throat, inflammation of the pharynx, trachea
  • To get rid of runny nose and cough
  • To relieve swelling of the respiratory mucosa during allergic reactions

Any of the listed pathologies may be accompanied by a cough symptom. What medications can you breathe in for different types of cough?

What to put in a nebulizer for a dry cough?

A dry cough is characteristic of the initial stage of an acute inflammatory process. A painful dry cough often plagues asthmatics in the acute stage of the disease.

Note! Cough is the body’s protective reaction to an emerging disease. Antitussives act on the brain, suppressing the cough reflex. This therapy has many contraindications and should be used only as prescribed by a doctor.

Antitussive drugs, which should be poured into the inhaler for a dry cough, effectively coat and soften the inflamed mucous membrane of the respiratory system. They stop coughing attacks by moisturizing:

  • Isotonic saline solution 9% sodium chloride (NaCl). The drug is a component of most inhalations as an auxiliary component and is used as an independent medicine. Saline solution can be poured into the inhaler for any type of cough. It is safe, does not cause allergic reactions, and is equally suitable for adults and children. For one procedure, pour 5 ml of solution
  • Mineral water "Borjomi". Before pouring, it is relieved of gases. Inhale in the same way as with saline solution
  • Soda inhalations. A solution of baking soda is prepared in the proportion of 1 tsp. sodium bicarbonate per 0.5 liter of boiled water
  • Tussamag in drops (not in syrup!). The alcohol tincture is diluted with saline solution in a ratio of 1:2. Pour 3-5 ml of solution for inhalation. The product suppresses the urge to cough, softens breathing
  • Ambroxol (Lazolvan). The drug has a mucolytic effect, promotes the formation of sputum. For 1 procedure, a solution of ambroxol + saline is poured in a 1:1 ratio. No more than 2 inhalations per day.

Note! For patients with a dry cough, deep breathing and holding it during inhalation are not recommended. You should breathe evenly, at a comfortable pace, and shallowly.

Patients who suffer from suffocation should take bronchodilators before the procedure.

For patients whose cough is accompanied by pain, a 2% lidocaine solution can be prescribed for inhalation. One ampoule (2 ml) is used for one procedure. It should be remembered here that lidocaine can cause a severe allergic reaction, including anaphylactic shock.

Inhalations for wet cough

The transition of the cough to the “wet” stage indicates the resolution of the inflammatory process. For wet coughs, sputum-thinning drugs and agents are used for inhalation. This makes the coughing process easier. How to breathe through a nebulizer with a wet cough?

List of drugs for inhalation with a nebulizer for conditions with difficult to remove mucous secretions:

  • Ambroxol (Lazolvan)
  • Sinupret
  • Gedelix ivy extract. Dilution: adults 1:1, children 1:2 with NaCl 9%.
  • Pertussin. Dilution 1:2 with NaCl 9%
  • Mukaltin. 1 tablet per 80 ml NaCl 9%. Use 3-4 ml per 1 procedure
  • ACC injection (do not use when taking antibiotics!) for filling into a nebulizer, dilute with saline solution 1:1
  • Fluimucil (ACC with antibiotic)

Facilitating coughing up mucus means facilitating the rapid removal of pathogenic microflora from the bronchi and preventing the infection from going even deeper.

What to put in a nebulizer for a cough and runny nose?

Acute respiratory infections, in addition to a painful cough, are characterized by nasal congestion. What can you breathe in for a cough and runny nose? Inhalations with immunomodulators, anti-inflammatory or antibacterial drugs will help here.

Immunomodulators for inhalation:

  • Interferon. The contents of the ampoule are diluted in 3 ml of saline solution. You should breathe the drug 2 times a day
  • Derinat. For 1 procedure, add 2 ml of medication solution and 2 ml of saline solution

Anti-inflammatory drugs for breathing in a nebulizer are pharmaceutical alcohol tinctures made from plant materials:

  • Eucalyptus - for 200 ml of saline solution and drops of tincture
  • Malavit – 1 ml malavit per 30 ml saline solution
  • Rotokan - 1 ml of the drug is diluted in 40 ml of saline solution
  • Calendula – 1 ml tincture per 40 ml saline solution

All of the above drugs, ready for inhalation, are used up to 3 times a day. Dose for one inhalation: pour 4 ml of working solution. The drugs should be inhaled through a nebulizer mask. Inhale through your nose, exhale through your mouth.

Rules for inhalation with a nebulizer for coughing

Having filled the drug with medicine, the patient sits in front of it. It is better to take small children in your arms. The nebulizer chamber should be kept in a vertical position.

  • The procedure is carried out an hour after eating or physical activity.
  • During inhalation, the patient should sit in a comfortable position, be relaxed and calm (children should not cry or be afraid)
  • Cough inhalations are carried out without using a mask; you should use a mouthpiece. The mask can be used for small children who will not be able to breathe through their mouth through the nozzle.
  • Inhale through the mouth, exhale through the nose
  • Cough inhalations are allowed at slightly elevated temperatures if the patient feels relatively well
  • After breathing through the device, you should rest for up to half an hour.

What should not be put into a nebulizer?

It is prohibited to refill the nebulizer with oil solutions, suspensions (suspensions, syrups, homemade decoctions, infusions of plant materials). Inhalation of oils or heterogeneous solutions in fine spray form leads to inflammation and swelling of the lungs.

Note! The use of antibiotics is not possible in an ultrasonic type nebulizer. For effective inhalation, follow the instructions for your device.

Source: http://ingalyatsii.ru/bolezni/chem-dyshat-cherez-nebulajzer-pri-kashle.html

Nebulizer solutions (memo for yourself)

NEBULIZER THERAPY + solutions for nebulizer

Patient's Guide. You can learn about what a nebulizer is, what diseases can be treated with its help, how to carry out inhalation correctly, how to choose a nebulizer, and much more about the modern method of inhalation therapy from this article.

NEBULISER THERAPY IS MODERN AND SAFE.

Nebulizer solutions

Use the following nebulizer solutions (detailed list).

1. Bronchodilators (drugs that dilate the bronchi)

Main components: solution for inhalation (ipratropium bromide) and fenoterol.

Used to prevent and treat suffocation in chronic respiratory diseases. This is the most optimal drug with the least side effects.

Adults and children (over twelve years of age): 40 drops/1 inhalation, three to four times a day. Children (six to twelve years old): 20 drops/1 inhalation, three to four times a day. Children (six and under): 10 drops/1 inhalation, three times a day. To prepare an inhalation solution, you need to add 3 milliliters of saline solution to the drug.

2. Mucolytics (thin the sputum) and secretolytics (expectorants)

Main component: ambroxol (used both for inhalation and orally). Used by patients with chronic diseases of the respiratory organs when sputum is produced.

For adults, as well as children (after six years): drops / 1 inhalation, one or two times a day. Children (two to six years old): 40 drops/1 inhalation, one or two times a day. Children (from two years and younger): 20 drops/1 inhalation, one or two times a day. It is recommended to use saline solution in the inhalation solution in a one to one ratio. Treatment should last about five days.

Any medicines based on ambroxol cannot be used together with antitussives, such as Bronholitin, Codeine, Pectussin, Falimint, Sinekod, Libexin, etc.).

3. Anti-inflammatory drugs. Rotokan.

Main component: infusion of plant extracts in alcohol (chamomile, yarrow, calendula).

Used for acute diseases of the respiratory tract (usually middle and upper). The inhalation solution is prepared by diluting the drug in saline at a ratio of one to forty (1 milliliter to 40 milliliters, respectively). Use 60 drops/1 inhalation, three times/day.

Main component: eucalyptus tincture with alcohol.

Used for inflammation of the respiratory tract (usually the middle and upper ones). An inhalation solution is prepared by diluting 15 drops of the medicine in 200 milliliters of saline solution.

Use 50 drops/1 inhalation, three to four times a day.

You cannot breathe with bronchial asthma and bronchospasm.

Main component: calendula extract in alcohol.

Used for acute inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

An inhalation solution is prepared by diluting 20 drops of the drug and 40 milliliters of saline solution in a ratio of one to forty.

Apply 60 drops/1 inhalation, three times a day.

4. Glucocorticosteroids (hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs) and antihistamines (allergy drugs)

Main component: budesonide (inhalation suspension).

This drug is available in an “adult” dosage of 0.5 milligrams/milliliter and a “children’s” dosage of 0.25 milligrams/milliliter.

Used for acute inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system, such as chronic lung disease and bronchial asthma, that is, those for the treatment of which hormonal drugs are needed. Pulmicort has anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Adults, as well as children (after twelve years): 20 drops/1 inhalation, one to three times a day.

Children (twelve and under): 0.25 milligrams/1 inhalation, one to three times a day.

This drug cannot be used in ultrasonic inhalers-nebulizers.

For a single dose of the drug, which is less than 2 milliliters, saline solution is added until the total volume of the solution increases to 2 milliliters. In all other cases, the inhaled drug is not diluted with saline solution, etc.

5. Antiseptics and antibiotics (antibacterial and antimicrobial drugs)

Main components: thiamphenicol and acetylcysteine.

Used simultaneously with a drug that thins and then removes mucus and phlegm from the respiratory tract (upper and lower).

To prepare the product, add 70 drops of solvent (5 milliliters) to the powder. The prepared preparation is stored in the refrigerator for one day, and before use it is warmed to room temperature.

Adults, as well as children (after twelve years): 250 milligrams (half a bottle) / 1 inhalation, one or two times a day.

Children (from twelve and younger): 125 milligrams (a quarter of the bottle) / 1 inhalation, one or two times a day.

To prepare a solution for inhalation, you need to add 2 milliliters of saline solution to the required dose.

Main component: nitrofural.

It is used for disinfection and treatment of ARVI (acute respiratory viral infection), and also prevents the infection from penetrating even deeper into the bronchi.

For inhalation, use a ready-made furatsilin solution (in its pure form): 4 milliliters/1 inhalation, two times a day.

You can make an inhalation solution yourself. It is necessary to dissolve one furatsilin tablet in 100 milliliters of saline solution.

6. Immunomodulators (regulate the immune system) Interferon

Main component: special powder from which nasal drops are made.

Used for the prevention and treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections.

To prepare the necessary medicine, you need to open the ampoule and pour in water at room temperature (distilled or boiled) to the “2 milliliters” mark, mix carefully.

Apply 40 drops/1 inhalation, twice i.d.

To prepare a solution for inhalation, add 1 milliliter of saline solution to the required dose of medication.

7. Decongestants or vasoconstrictors

Main component: epinephrine (adrenaline hydrochloride, solution 0.1 percent).

It is used for asthma attacks, that is, bronchospasm, croup, laryngotracheitis, laryngeal edema, both laryngitis and allergic.

Adults, as well as children (over two years): usually 0.5 milliliters of the drug once, sometimes the procedure is repeated.

Children (from two and under): 0.25 milliliters of the drug once.

To prepare an inhalation solution, add 3 milliliters of saline solution to the required dose of medication.

8. Antitussives.

Main component: lidocaine hydrochloride (2 percent solution).

Used for obsessive dry cough. This is a drug with a local anesthetic effect.

Adults, as well as children (over twelve years of age): 40 drops/1 inhalation, one or two times a day.

Children (two to twelve years old): 20 drops/1 inhalation, one or two times a day. To prepare an inhalation solution, add 2 milliliters of saline solution to the required dose of medication. You need to use it carefully and carefully read the contraindications. Before use, you should consult your doctor.

To make the medicine easier to penetrate into the respiratory tract, it should be converted into an aerosol. A nebulizer is a chamber in which a medicinal solution is sprayed into an aerosol and delivered into the patient’s respiratory tract. The healing aerosol is created due to certain forces. Such forces can be air flow (compressor nebulizers) or ultrasonic vibrations of the membrane (ultrasonic nebulizers).

Nebulizer therapy has advantages over other types of inhalation therapy:

· It can be used at any age, since the patient is not required to adjust his breathing to the operation of the device and at the same time perform any actions, for example, pressing the canister, holding the inhaler, etc., which is especially important in young children.

· The absence of the need to take a strong breath allows the use of nebulizer therapy in cases of severe attacks of bronchial asthma, as well as in elderly patients.

· Nebulizer therapy allows the use of drugs in effective doses without side effects.

· This therapy provides continuous and rapid delivery of medication using a compressor.

· It is the safest method of inhalation therapy, since it does not use, unlike metered-dose aerosol inhalers, propellants (solvents or carrier gases).

· This is a modern and comfortable method of treating bronchopulmonary diseases in children and adults.

What diseases can be treated with a nebulizer?

The drug sprayed by an inhaler begins to act almost immediately, which makes it possible to use nebulizers, first of all, for the treatment of diseases that require immediate intervention - asthma, allergies.

(primarily, nebulizers are used to treat diseases that require immediate intervention - asthma, allergies).

Another group of diseases for which inhalations are simply necessary are chronic inflammatory processes of the respiratory tract, such as chronic rhinitis, chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, chronic broncho-obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, etc.

But their scope of application is not limited to this. They are good for the treatment of acute respiratory diseases, laryngitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis, fungal infections of the upper respiratory tract, and the immune system.

Inhalers help with occupational diseases of singers, teachers, miners, and chemists.

In what cases is a nebulizer needed at home:

In a family where there is a child who is susceptible to frequent colds, bronchitis (including those occurring with broncho-obstructive syndrome), for the complex treatment of cough with difficult to separate sputum, treatment of stenosis.

Families with patients with chronic or often recurrent bronchopulmonary diseases (bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis).

What medications can be used in a nebulizer.

For nebulizer therapy, there are special solutions of drugs that are produced in bottles or plastic containers - nebulas. The volume of the medicine together with the solvent for one inhalation is 2-5 ml. Calculation of the required amount of medication depends on the age of the patient. First, 2 ml of saline solution is poured into the nebulizer, then the required number of drops of medicine is added. Distilled water should not be used as a solvent, as it can provoke bronchospasm, which will lead to coughing and difficulty breathing during the procedure. Pharmacy packaging with medications is stored in the refrigerator (unless otherwise indicated) closed. After the pharmaceutical package has been opened, the drug must be used within two weeks. It is advisable to write down the date on which you started using the drug on the bottle. Before use, the medicine must be warmed to room temperature.

For nebulizer therapy the following can be used:

1. mucolytics and mucoregulators (drugs for thinning sputum and improving expectoration): Ambrohexal, Lazolvan, Ambrobene, Fluimucil;

2. bronchodilators (drugs that dilate the bronchi): Berodual, Ventolin, Berotek, Salamol.

3. glucocorticoids (hormonal drugs with multilateral effects, primarily anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous): Pulmicort (suspension for nebulizers);

4. cromones (antiallergic drugs, mast cell membrane stabilizers): Cromohexal Nebula;

5. antibiotics: Fluimucil antibiotic;

6. alkaline and saline solutions: 0.9% saline solution, Borjomi mineral water

Your attending physician should prescribe the drug and tell you about the rules for its use. He must also monitor the effectiveness of treatment.

Not recommended for use with nebulizers:

all solutions containing oils, suspensions and solutions containing suspended particles, including decoctions and infusions of herbs, as well as solutions of aminophylline, papaverine, platiphylline, diphenhydramine and the like, as not having points of application on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract.

What side effects are possible with nebulizer therapy?

When breathing deeply, symptoms of hyperventilation (dizziness, nausea, cough) may appear. It is necessary to stop inhalation, breathe through your nose and calm down. After the symptoms of hyperventilation disappear, inhalation through a nebulizer can be continued.

During inhalation, as a reaction to the administration of the sprayed solution, coughing may occur. In this case, it is also recommended to stop inhalation for a few minutes.

Inhalation technique using a nebulizer

Before handling your inhaler, you should (always) carefully

wash your hands with soap, because... there may be pathogenic microbes on the skin.

Assemble all parts of the nebulizer in accordance with the instructions. Pour the required amount of medicinal substance into the nebulizer cup, having previously warmed it to room temperature.

Close the nebulizer and attach the face mask, mouthpiece or nasal cannula.

Connect the nebulizer and compressor using a hose.

Turn on the compressor and inhale for 7-10 minutes or until the solution is completely consumed.

Turn off the compressor, disconnect the nebulizer and disassemble it.

Wash all parts of the nebulizer with hot water or 15% baking soda solution. Brushes and squeegees should not be used.

Sterilize the disassembled nebulizer in a steam sterilization device, such as a thermal disinfector (steam sterilizer) designed for treating baby bottles. Sterilization by boiling for at least 10 minutes is also possible. Disinfection must be carried out once a week.

The thoroughly cleaned and dried nebulizer should be stored in a clean napkin or towel.

Basic rules for inhalation

Inhalations are carried out no earlier than 1-1.5 hours after eating or significant physical activity.

During the course of inhalation treatment, doctors prohibit smoking. In exceptional cases, before and after inhalation, it is recommended to stop smoking for an hour.

Inhalations should be taken in a calm state, without being distracted by reading or talking.

Clothing should not restrict the neck or make breathing difficult.

For diseases of the nasal tract, inhalation and exhalation must be done through the nose (nasal inhalation), breathing calmly, without tension.

For diseases of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, it is recommended to inhale the aerosol through the mouth (oral inhalation), breathing deeply and evenly. After taking a deep breath through your mouth, you should hold your breath for 2 seconds, and then exhale completely through your nose; in this case, the aerosol from the oral cavity enters further into the pharynx, larynx and further into the deeper parts of the respiratory tract.

Frequent deep breathing can cause dizziness, so periodically it is necessary to interrupt inhalation for a short time.

Before the procedure, you do not need to take expectorants or rinse your mouth with antiseptic solutions (potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, boric acid).

After any inhalation, and especially after inhalation of a hormonal drug, it is necessary to rinse your mouth with boiled water at room temperature (a small child can be given drink and food); if using a mask, rinse your eyes and face with water.

The duration of one inhalation should not exceed 7-10 minutes. The course of treatment with aerosol inhalations is from 6-8 to 15 procedures.

What types of nebulizers are there?

Currently, three main types of inhalers are used in medical practice: steam, ultrasonic and compressor.

The action of steam inhalers is based on the effect of evaporation of the medicinal substance. It is clear that only volatile solutions (essential oils) can be used in them. The biggest disadvantage of steam inhalers is the low concentration of the inhaled substance, usually less than the threshold for therapeutic effects, as well as the inability to accurately dose the drug at home.

Ultrasonic and compressor are combined by the term “nebulizers” (from the Latin word “nebula” - fog, cloud); they generate not vapor, but an aerosol cloud consisting of microparticles of the inhaled solution. A nebulizer allows you to administer pure medications to all respiratory organs (nose, bronchi, lungs), without any impurities. The dispersion of aerosols produced by most nebulizers ranges from 0.5 to 10 microns. Particles with a diameter of 8-10 microns settle in the oral cavity and trachea, with a diameter from 5 to 8 microns - in the trachea and upper respiratory tract, from 3 to 5 microns - in the lower respiratory tract, from 1 to 3 microns - in bronchioles, from 0. 5 to 2 microns – in the alveoli. Particles smaller than 5 microns are called the “respirable fraction” and have the maximum therapeutic effect.

Ultrasonic nebulizers spray the solution with high-frequency (ultrasonic) vibrations of the membrane. They are compact, silent, and do not require replacement of nebulization chambers. The percentage of aerosol that reaches the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract exceeds 90%, and the average size of aerosol particles is 4-5 microns. Thanks to this, the required drug in the form of an aerosol in high concentration reaches the small bronchi and bronchioles.

The choice of ultrasonic nebulizers is more preferable in cases where the area of ​​action of the drug is small bronchi, and the drug is in the form of a saline solution. However, a number of drugs, such as antibiotics, hormonal drugs, mucolytics (thinning sputum), can be destroyed under the influence of ultrasound. These drugs are not recommended for use in ultrasonic nebulizers.

Compressor nebulizers form an aerosol cloud by forcing a powerful air stream pumped by a compressor through a narrow opening in a chamber containing a medicinal solution. The principle of using compressed air in compressor nebulizers is the “gold standard” of inhalation therapy. The main advantage of compressor nebulizers is their versatility and relative cheapness, they are more accessible and can spray almost any solution intended for inhalation.

Compressor nebulizers have several types of chambers:

· convection chambers with constant aerosol output;

Breath-activated cameras

Breath-activated chambers with flow interrupter valve.

When inhaling medicinal substances through a nebulizer, it is necessary to take into account some features:

· the optimal filling volume of the nebulizer chamber is at least 5 ml;

· to reduce the loss of the drug at the end of inhalation, you can add 1 ml of physiological solution to the chamber, after which, shaking the nebulizer chamber, continue inhalation;

· when using inexpensive and accessible drugs, all types of nebulizers can be used, but when using more expensive drugs, the greatest effectiveness of inhalation therapy is provided by nebulizers activated by the patient's inhalation and equipped with a valve flow interrupter during the exhalation phase. These devices are especially effective in the treatment of bronchopulmonary diseases.

How to choose a nebulizer?

When treated with a nebulizer, the medicine is delivered to the respiratory tract. This particular treatment is intended for those who have a disease affecting the respiratory tract (rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc.). In addition, sometimes the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract is used to introduce drugs into the human body. The surface of the bronchial tree is very large, and many drugs, such as insulin, are actively absorbed through it.

The choice of inhaler depends on the disease you are going to treat and your financial capabilities.

In Russia, nebulizer manufacturers from Germany, Japan, and Italy represent their products on the medical equipment market. Unfortunately, there are no domestic manufacturers of compressor nebulizers yet. Detailed information about the technical characteristics of certain types of nebulizers can be obtained from Russian companies that sell them. When choosing a nebulizer, the requirements for the nebulizer and compressor are taken into account. For a compressor, the important factors are size, weight, operating noise, and ease of use. In all these parameters they differ slightly. But it should be noted that nebulizers from PARI GmbH (Germany) are distinguished by traditionally high German quality, exceptional efficiency and long service life. They ensure maximum deposition of medications in the respiratory tract due to optimal aerosol dispersion.

Perhaps the main attention should be paid to the type of sprayer. Nebulizers equipped with a direct-flow nebulizer make sense to use in young children, since they do not have enough inspiratory force to activate the valves (and thus save medicine). For inhalation, children under 3 years of age should use a children's mask. Adults can also use this type of sprayer, because... It is initially equipped with a mouthpiece.

Breath-activated nebulizers have inhalation and exhalation valves that are activated alternately throughout the act of breathing. When using them, less aerosol is formed on exhalation, resulting in significant savings in medication.

There are also nebulizers that have a nebulizer equipped with a tee tube (aerosol flow interrupter), which allows you to regulate the formation of aerosol only during inhalation by blocking the side opening of the tee.

Various types of attachments are used with the nebulizer: mouthpieces, nasal cannulas (tubes), masks in adult and child sizes.

· Mouthpieces (adults and children) are optimal for delivering medications deep into the lungs; they are used for inhalation by adult patients, as well as children over 5 years old.

· Masks are convenient for treating the upper respiratory tract and allow you to irrigate all parts of the nasal cavity, pharynx, as well as the larynx and trachea. When using a mask, most of the aerosols settle in the upper respiratory tract. Masks are needed when using nebulizer therapy in children under 3 years of age, since it is impossible to carry out inhalations in such patients through a mouthpiece - children breathe mainly through the nose (this is due to the anatomy of the child’s body). It is necessary to use a mask of the appropriate size. Using a tight-fitting mask reduces aerosol loss in young children. If the child is over 5 years old, it is better to use a mouthpiece rather than a mask.

· Nasal cannulas (tubes) are needed to deliver a medicinal aerosol into the nasal cavity. They can be used in the complex treatment of acute and chronic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis

Buying a nebulizer for yourself and your loved ones is the right and reasonable decision. You have acquired a reliable assistant and friend.

We wish you HEALTH!

Thanks for the article, very timely. I just bought a Microlife NEB 10B nebulizer. I have a question: how many minutes does a 1-year-old child need to inhale, snot?

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Nebulizer: how to use when coughing?

Inhalations for coughs are the most effective method of treatment, but many of us, for various reasons, are too lazy to carry them out. Some people don’t want to visit a physiotherapy room in a clinic, while others don’t want to bother with carrying out these procedures at home, believing that taking medications orally will be enough. And completely in vain! Inhalations for coughing and local effects of the drug on the respiratory tract are recognized by modern medicine as the most effective and safe treatment.

With the advent of nebulizers on sale, this situation may change dramatically. By purchasing this device for home use, you can easily perform inhalations with maximum benefit and with minimal effort and time. In our article we will introduce you to the intricacies of performing these procedures and tell you about their advantages.

Benefits of using a nebulizer for cough

To treat cough using a nebulizer, oral inhalation is necessary. They can be performed at any stage of the disease, and the composition of the medicinal solution is determined by the symptoms that bother the patient.

Oral inhalation with a nebulizer for coughs is much more effective than internal use of drugs for a number of reasons:

  • the medicine is sprayed by the device to the smallest particles of liquid and is able to penetrate into the most remote areas of the respiratory system, evenly distributed over the mucous membrane;
  • the likelihood of developing adverse reactions from the procedure and medications is minimal;
  • this method of treatment is easier to tolerate psychologically (especially by children);
  • a smaller amount of the drug is used for inhalation;
  • when performing the procedure, the drug has minimal systemic effects on the body;
  • inhalations help moisturize the mucous membrane, relieve discomfort when coughing and remove phlegm.

In some cases, inhalations using a nebulizer become indispensable, because for some diseases, other inhalations are either contraindicated or ineffective. Traditional inhalations cannot be performed if lung capacity decreases, it is impossible to hold your breath for more than 4 seconds, or there is a weak air flow when inhaling. Also, a nebulizer becomes an indispensable device for patients with diseases that are accompanied by damage to the alveoli of the lungs. In such cases, only this method of inhalation is capable of delivering the drug to these most remote areas of the respiratory system.

What should you remember when choosing an inhalation nebulizer for cough?

When choosing a nebulizer for oral inhalation for cough, you should not forget about some points:

  • nebulizers cannot be used for inhalation with oily solutions or decoctions of medicinal herbs;
  • ultrasonic models cannot be used for spraying hormonal or antibacterial drugs;
  • If it is necessary to carry out inhalations for a bedridden patient or a small child (for example, during sleep), it is better to opt for an electronic mesh nebulizer.

How to prepare for oral inhalation?

  1. All actions must be performed only with clean hands.
  2. Assemble the nebulizer as described in the instructions.
  3. Connect the device to the mains or insert batteries into a portable model.
  4. Make sure the tank is sealed by filling it with water.
  5. If you need to use a face mask (for diseases of the pharynx or larynx), prepare it and a small towel.
  6. Prepare the medicinal solution prescribed by your doctor by warming it to room temperature in a water bath. When prescribing drugs with different effects at the same time, the following order should be observed: first, a bronchodilator (bronchodilator) is inhaled, after a minute - a drug to liquefy and remove sputum, after removing sputum - an anti-inflammatory or antibacterial drug.
  7. Pour the dose of the drug into the container and add sterile water for injection or saline solution (to use only a sterile syringe) to the reservoir mark (approximately up to a volume of 2-5 ml, depending on the model of the device). Remember that you cannot use tap or boiled water to dilute the drug!
  8. The procedure must be carried out 1.5 hours after eating or physical activity.
  9. Before the procedure, you should not rinse your mouth with antiseptics or take expectorants.
  10. Do not smoke during treatment or do not smoke at least one hour before inhalation.
  11. Wear loose clothing that does not restrict breathing.

Carrying out inhalation for cough with a nebulizer

The number of oral inhalations with a nebulizer for cough and the duration of treatment are determined by the doctor individually for each patient.

After the procedure, all components of the home appliance are washed with a non-aggressive detergent, rinsed thoroughly and air dried. To disinfect nebulizers used in hospitals, various disinfectants, boiling or autoclaving can be used.

Preparations for oral inhalation by nebulizer

Various medications can be used for inhalation with a nebulizer for cough. They are prescribed by a doctor depending on the characteristics of the cough.

Medicines to dilate the bronchi (bronchodilators):

  • alcohol pharmaceutical tincture of eucalyptus;
  • Rotokan (alcohol tincture of chamomile, calendula and yarrow);
  • Malavit;
  • alcohol tincture of calendula;
  • alcohol pharmaceutical tincture of propolis;
  • Tonzilong N.

Antibacterial and antimicrobial agents:

Preparations for thinning and removing sputum (mucolytics, expectorants, secretolytics):

  • ACC Inject;
  • Ambroxol, Ambrobene, Lazolvan;
  • Mukaltin;
  • Pertussin;
  • mineral waters Narzan or Borjomi.

Hormonal anti-inflammatory and antiallergic drugs:

For oral inhalation, medications such as Diphenhydramine, Eufillin and Papaverine cannot be used.

Solutions prepared for inhalation with a nebulizer should be stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day.

Most pulmonologists and therapists recommend that patients who often suffer from illnesses accompanied by coughing purchase nebulizers and perform oral inhalations. By using our instructions, you too can be convinced of their benefits. Difficulty breathing, weakness, chest and throat pain due to a hysterical cough, prolonged absence of expectoration of sputum, bronchospasm attacks - a nebulizer will help get rid of these severe symptoms in the shortest possible time. This device will certainly become your indispensable assistant for treatment at home!

Which doctor should I contact?

The appearance of a cough is a reason to consult a therapist or pediatrician. Inhalations through a nebulizer for cough can be prescribed by an allergist or pulmonologist (for bronchial asthma).

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Source: http://myfamilydoctor.ru/nebulajzer-kak-polzovatsya-pri-kashle/