What to put in the ear for purulent otitis

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Purulent otitis media and its treatment

You will say that you need to apply compresses to your ear, warm it and not go outside. And you will be wrong. The medical college of tiensmed.ru (www.tiensmed.ru) will help you learn about what methods of treating purulent otitis are in the arsenal of traditional and folk medicine from this article.

Table of contents:

There are several recipes for using mumiyo:

In particularly severe cases, as well as severe hearing impairment, surgery is performed to correct the eardrum.

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Not long ago we wanted to try to cure my ear again and went to a paid doctor, he prescribed a lot of expensive medicines, he ripped off money for taking them and for 10 days in a row they gave me an injection into a vein, in general they went and went to him and said I no longer know what to do for such medicines that I prescribed for you the dead will rise!

In general, I’m still waiting for a miracle, my ear doesn’t hurt at all, but I can’t hear well in the morning, there’s a lot of pus, the smell is generally bad

Can you help me with something or tell me something?

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Source: http://www.tiensmed.ru/news/otitis2.html

How to treat external and purulent otitis in children

August 10, 2012.

External and purulent otitis symptoms

In this material we will tell you what signs of otitis in children are observed with inflammation of the middle ear and how to treat this disease with modern and folk remedies. Let's start with information - what is otitis media and what symptoms appear in a child with this kind of inflammation of the middle ear. Then we will tell you about how to treat external and purulent otitis in children, which drops for otitis are most effective and immediately dampen pain.

Colds and their complications can cause infections in the middle part of the ear. Due to certain anatomical factors, this phenomenon is more common in children. In the middle section of the ear there are the auditory ossicles, the eardrum and the Eustachian tube, through which the ear and nasopharynx are connected. The latter in children has a larger diameter and shorter length compared to adults. It is quite easy for infection to enter the ear from the nasopharynx.

The child sleeps worse, cries constantly at night, and touches the affected ear. Over time, discharge from the ear will become visible. The temperature at night jumps by several degrees. How to check whether your baby really has an earache or something else? You need to press on the cartilage that is on the front of the sore ear, if the child cried harder and sharply dodged away from his mother’s beloved hands, then your assumptions were confirmed, it is this ear that is bothering him. In rare cases, otitis may cause mild gastrointestinal upset, and the pain is not severe.

Children are often affected by otitis externa, especially if the baby has eczema, the skin constantly peels off and erosions appear.

From this material you learned how to treat external or purulent otitis in a child, as well as what symptoms are characteristic of these diseases. Be sure to visit a pediatric otolaryngologist if symptoms of otitis media appear in your child!

Source: http://bebi.lv/detskie-bolezni/kak-lechit-otit-simptomy-naruzhnogo-i-gnoynogo-vospaleniya-ukha.html

Symptoms, complications and treatment of acute and chronic purulent otitis

What is purulent otitis media

Purulent otitis is an inflammatory process of an infectious nature, covering all anatomical parts of the middle ear: the tympanic cavity, the auditory tube and the mastoid process.

Depending on the location, there are three types of otitis media:

External, occurring primarily due to the entry and accumulation of water in the ear canal;

Moderate, which is a complication of upper respiratory tract diseases;

Internal, developing against the background of advanced chronic purulent otitis media.

Otitis externa most often affects people who swim. Inflammation of the external auditory canal is limited, as a rule, mainly to skin manifestations: pustules, various rashes. Severe ear pain is usually accompanied by otitis media, so the term “otitis media” in most cases refers to otitis media of the middle ear.

This is a fairly common disease that can occur with varying degrees of severity. However, the lack of treatment can lead to the transition of the process to the chronic stage and the development of various complications, including the formation of adhesions, hearing loss and complete hearing loss.

According to statistics, otitis media accounts for 25-30% of ear diseases. Most often it affects children under 5 years of age, in second place are the elderly, and in third place are teenagers. There is no specific pathogen for acute otitis media. In 80% of cases, the main causative agents of the disease are pneumococci (a type of streptococcus), Haemophilus influenzae (influenza), and more rarely, Staphylococcus aureus or associations of pathogenic microorganisms.

The main factors that provoke the development of otitis are respiratory viral infections (ARVI, influenza), inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx and upper respiratory tract (sinusitis, rhinitis), and the presence of adenoids. This also includes insufficient ear hygiene. The disease occurs against the background of a decrease in general and local immunity, when the infection penetrates through the auditory tube into the tympanic cavity.

The mucous membrane of the auditory tube produces mucus, which has an antimicrobial effect and performs a protective function. With the help of epithelial villi, the secreted secretion moves into the nasopharynx. During various infectious and inflammatory diseases, the barrier function of the epithelium of the auditory tube weakens, which leads to the development of otitis media.

Less commonly, infection of the middle ear occurs through an injured eardrum or mastoid process. This is the so-called traumatic otitis media. With diseases such as influenza, measles, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, typhus, a third, rarest variant of infection is possible - hematogenous, when pathogenic bacteria enter the middle ear through the blood.

Symptoms of purulent otitis media

The main symptoms of purulent otitis in adults:

Severe ear pain, which may be aching, throbbing or shooting;

Feeling of fullness and noise in the ear;

Purulent discharge from the ears;

Partial hearing loss;

As a result of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the auditory tube, it thickens, the tympanic cavity fills with exudate and bulges. During the pressure of the purulent fluid, the eardrum is perforated and pus flows out.

Mucopurulent discharge after a rupture of the eardrum is initially abundant, then becomes thicker and scarcer. As the inflammatory process subsides, the flow of pus gradually stops. The perforation of the eardrum undergoes scarring, but the feeling of stuffiness remains for some time.

During purulent otitis it is customary to distinguish three stages:

Preperforative stage. At this stage, the symptoms are clearly expressed: sharp, increasing pain in the ear, which can radiate to the temple or crown of the head; soreness of the mastoid process upon palpation; hearing impairment; temperature rise to °C.

Perforated stage. After the eardrum ruptures, pus begins to flow (possibly with an admixture of ichor), pain in the ear gradually subsides, and body temperature drops.

Reparative stage. The flow of pus stops, and with scarring of the perforation of the eardrum, hearing is gradually restored.

This course of the disease is not necessarily typical. At any stage of the process, acute otitis media can become chronic, with mild symptoms. If this is observed at the first stage, then perforation of the eardrum does not occur; viscous, thick mucus accumulates in the tympanic cavity, which is difficult to evacuate.

If perforation does not occur for a long time during the acute course of the disease, then due to the increasing volume of exudate in the middle ear, severe headaches, dizziness, high fever, vomiting and severe general condition are possible. In this case, the infection from the middle ear can spread deeper into the cranial cavity and lead to serious, life-threatening consequences.

If, after a perforation of the eardrum, outflow of pus and positive dynamics in general, the temperature rises again and pain in the ear resumes, this may indicate stagnation of purulent fluid in the tympanic cavity or the development of mastoiditis (inflammation of the mastoid process of the temporal bone). In this case, suppuration continues for 3-4 weeks. Massive pulsating discharge of pus may indicate an extradural abscess (accumulation of exudate between the inner surface of the temporal bone and the meninges).

General clinical signs of the disease are characterized by moderate or severe leukocytosis (depending on the severity of its course), a shift in the leukocyte formula, and an increase in ESR. Severe leukocytosis in combination with eosinopenia may be a sign of mastoiditis or infection in the cranial cavity.

The acute stage of otitis lasts an average of 2-3 weeks. The reasons for an unfavorable outcome or the development of complications may be a significant weakening of the immune system or inadequate antibacterial therapy.

Acute and chronic purulent otitis media

Acute purulent otitis media

The acute form of the disease occurs as a result of the entry of a pathogenic environment into the middle ear through the auditory tube during acute diseases of the nasopharynx and upper respiratory tract, or during exacerbation of similar chronic diseases.

As mentioned above, acute otitis media goes through three stages in its development:

Stage I (catarrhal form of otitis). The beginning of the inflammatory process, accompanied by the formation of exudate. Catarrhal otitis is characterized by severe pain in the ear, which radiates to the corresponding half of the head (temple, teeth, back of the head), as well as significant hearing loss. On examination, dilated blood vessels, hyperemia of the eardrum and its protrusion are observed. This stage can last from 2-3 days to 1-2 weeks.

Stage II (purulent form of otitis). At this stage, the eardrum is perforated and pus begins to leak, and the bulging of the eardrum decreases. The pain gradually subsides, but may recur if the outflow of pus is delayed.

Stage III is characterized by attenuation of the inflammatory process, reduction and cessation of suppuration. The main complaint at this stage is hearing loss.

Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the tympanic cavity and auditory tube leads to their swelling. The mucous membrane of these sections is quite thin, and its lowest layer serves as the periosteum. As the pathological process develops, the mucous membrane thickens noticeably, and erosions appear on its surface. The middle ear is filled with exudate, which is initially serous and later becomes purulent. At the peak of the process, the tympanic cavity becomes filled with purulent fluid and enlarged mucous membrane, which leads to its bulging. The eardrum may be covered with a whitish coating. Pain occurs due to irritation of the receptors of the glossopharyngeal and trigeminal nerves, noise and congestion in the ear - due to limited lability of the eardrum and auditory ossicles. Under pressure from the exudate, the eardrum bursts and pus begins to leak out, which lasts approximately 6-7 days.

Over time, the amount of discharge decreases and its consistency becomes thicker. The resulting perforation is usually small, round in shape and accompanied by tissue defects. Perforations in the form of slits without membrane defects are observed less frequently. If the root cause of the disease is measles, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, then the perforations are larger.

In parallel with the completion of suppuration, hyperemia of the eardrum occurs. As the perforation heals, hearing is gradually restored. Small perforations, up to 1 mm in size, heal quite quickly and without a trace. With large perforations, the fibrous layer is usually not restored, and the hole in the membrane is closed with a mucous layer from the inside and an epidermal layer from the outside. This area of ​​the membrane looks atrophic; there are deposits of lime salts in the form of white spots. With pronounced tissue defects, the perforations often do not heal; in this case, along the edge of the round hole in the membrane, its mucous membrane fuses with the epidermis. Often, adhesions remain in the tympanic cavity, which limits the mobility of the auditory ossicles.

Chronic purulent otitis media

Chronic otitis media is an inflammation of the middle ear, which is characterized by recurrent flow of pus from the ear cavity, persistent perforation of the eardrum and progressive hearing loss (hearing loss can reach 10-50%).

Chronic otitis develops when acute otitis is treated untimely or inadequately. It can be a complication of chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, etc., or a consequence of a traumatic rupture of the eardrum. Chronic otitis affects 0.8-1% of the population. In more than 50% of cases, the disease begins to develop in childhood. Intracranial complications of otitis media pose a serious threat to health and even life.

As a result of bacteriological culture in chronic purulent otitis, aerobic microorganisms such as pseudomonas, staphylococci, and pneumococci are detected. Anaerobic bacteria, which are detected in 70-90% of patients, are represented by fusobacteria, peptococci, and lactobacilli. With long-term use of antibiotics and hormonal drugs, fungal microorganisms are encountered: fungi of the genus Candida, Aspergillus, and mold.

The transition from acute to chronic otitis is usually caused by the following unfavorable factors:

Low body resistance to infections and weakened immunity;

Incorrect selection of antibacterial drugs, to the effects of which associations of pathogens show resistance;

Pathologies of the upper respiratory tract (deviated nasal septum, adenoids, chronic rhinitis and sinusitis);

The presence of concomitant diseases, especially such as blood diseases and diabetes.

Concomitant ENT diseases contribute to disruption of the drainage function of the auditory tube, which complicates the outflow of pus from the tympanic cavity, and this, in turn, prevents the timely healing of the perforation that appears in the eardrum. In some cases, the inflammatory process in the middle ear becomes chronic from the very beginning. This is most often observed with perforations that form on a loose part of the eardrum, as well as in people with tuberculosis, diabetes and the elderly.

Chronic otitis media is divided into two forms, depending on the severity of the disease and the location of the perforation of the eardrum:

Mesotympanitis. This is a milder form of the disease, which mainly affects the mucous membrane of the auditory tube and tympanic cavity. The perforation is located in the central, stretched area of ​​the eardrum. Complications in this case are much less common.

Epitympanitis. In this form of the disease, in addition to the mucous membranes, the inflammatory process involves the bone tissue of the attic-antrum region and the mastoid process, which may be accompanied by its necrosis. The perforation is located in the upper, loose part of the eardrum, or covers both parts of it. With epitympanitis, such severe complications as sepsis, meningitis, osteitis, brain abscess are possible if purulent exudate enters the blood or meninges.

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Complications and consequences of purulent otitis media

Lack of treatment for purulent otitis is fraught with irreparable consequences when the purulent-inflammatory process begins to spread to the bone tissue.

In this case, the following complications may occur:

Violation of the integrity of the eardrum, leading to progressive hearing loss up to complete hearing loss;

Mastoiditis is an inflammation of the mastoid process of the temporal bone, accompanied by the accumulation of pus in its cells and subsequent destruction of the bone itself;

Osteitis (bone caries), with the formation of granulations or cholesteatoma, which develops as a tumor and leads to bone destruction.

Chronic inflammation of the middle ear can lead to libirintitis - inflammation of the inner ear and, subsequently, to intracranial complications, which include:

Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes of the brain;

Hydrocephalus is an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in parts of the brain.

Labyrinthitis and intracranial complications are quite rare, but you need to know that such a risk exists. Therefore, if symptoms of otitis media appear, you should contact an otolaryngologist at a medical facility to prescribe appropriate treatment. Treatment of otitis lasts an average of two weeks, and in order to avoid complications, it is impossible to stop the treatment process without permission, even if there are significant improvements.

Treatment of purulent otitis media

Diagnosis of otitis media is usually not difficult. The diagnosis is made based on complaints and the results of otoscopy (visual examination of the ear cavity using a special instrument). If a destructive process in bone tissue is suspected, an x-ray of the temporal bone is performed.

Purulent otitis is treated on an outpatient basis; at high temperatures in combination with fever, it is recommended to remain in bed. Hospitalization is required if a mastoid lesion is suspected.

Treatment for otitis media includes:

Vasoconstrictor or astringent drops;

Treatment tactics are determined depending on the stage of the disease and the severity of symptoms:

The pre-perforation stage is characterized by severe pain, for the relief of which osmotic drugs are used: a 3% alcohol solution of boric acid or chloramphenicol in a 1:1 ratio with glycerin. Ear drops Otipax (with phenazone and lidocaine), Anauran (with lidocaine, polymyxin and neomycin) have an analgesic effect. Due to the presence of antibiotics in Anauran, it is prohibited to use it at the perforative stage. These drops are instilled into the sore ear, heated to a temperature of ° C, two to three times a day, after instillation, the ear canal is closed with cotton wool and Vaseline.

To stimulate the drainage function, vasoconstrictor drops (Otrivin, Sanorin, Naphthyzin, Galazolin, etc.) are used, which are instilled into the nose three times a day in a supine position, with the head tilted towards the sore ear. You should not blow your nose intensively, or suck the contents of your nose into the nasopharynx, as this leads to additional infection of the auditory tube.

Paracetamol or Diclofenac can be taken orally as painkillers.

It is possible to apply a warming alcohol compress locally to speed up the resolution of the inflammatory process. But if the ear pain intensifies, the compress should be removed immediately.

If necessary, paracentesis is performed (an artificial puncture of the eardrum to allow drainage of pus).

At the perforated stage, the use of vasoconstrictor nasal drops, antibacterial and antihistamines continues. In case of excessive discharge of pus, mucolytics (ACC, Fluimucil) are prescribed, as well as Erespal, which reduces swelling of the mucous membranes and reduces the secretion of secretions.

Physiotherapy (UVR, UHF, microwave) or hot compresses on the ear area at home has a positive effect. The patient must independently remove purulent discharge from the ear canal at least twice a day. This can be done using a cotton swab. The procedure should be carried out until the cotton wool remains dry. If the discharge is too thick and viscous, you can first drip a warm 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide into the ear, and then dry the ear canal well.

After cleansing the ear, ear drops prescribed by a doctor are instilled in a heated form (up to 37 ° C): Otofa, 0.5-1% solution of dioxidine, 20% solution of sodium sulfacyl, etc. Drops containing alcohol at the perforative stage are not used as it causes severe pain.

At the reparative stage, the use of antibiotics, thermal physiotherapy, and mechanical cleaning of the ear canal are stopped. In most cases, a small scar forms at the site of perforation. If fibrous adhesions form in the tympanic cavity, they usually do not limit the lability of the eardrum and auditory ossicles. However, to prevent adhesions, enzyme preparations, pneumomassage of the eardrum, and endaural iontophoresis with lidase can be prescribed.

The main goal at this stage is to restore hearing, strengthen the immune system and increase the body's resistance.

Antibiotics for purulent otitis media

Amoxicillin. This antibiotic is the main one in the treatment of purulent otitis, as it is active against a wide range of infectious pathogens (staphylococci, Escherichia coli, etc.), and has an antiseptic and antimycotic effect. It can be used at any stage of the disease. Amoxicillin is taken orally at a dosage of 0.5 g 3 times a day for 8-10 days. Contraindications for taking Amoxicillin: liver dysfunction, pregnancy, lactation, mononucleosis. Side effects: allergic reactions, dyspeptic symptoms. If it is impossible to use Amoxicillin or if there is no effect within three days of taking it, any of the following drugs are prescribed.

Augmentin. This drug is a combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Usually used for severe symptoms of the disease. The dosage is determined by the attending physician. Contraindications: impaired liver and kidney function, phenylketonuria, pregnancy. Side effects: skin candidiasis, urticaria, itching; temporary leukopenia and thrombocytopenia; headache, dizziness.

Cefuroxime. It is used intramuscularly as an injection (cefuroxime sodium salt) if Amoxicillin and Augmentin are ineffective. For oral administration, cefuroximaaxetil is prescribed at a dosage of 0.25-0.5 g twice a day. Contraindications: high sensitivity to cephalosporins, early pregnancy, lactation. Side effects: drowsiness, headache, hearing loss; eosinophilia, neutropenia; nausea, constipation; renal dysfunction.

Ampicillin. It is used as intramuscular injections. Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the drug, liver dysfunction, pregnancy. Side effects: dysbacteriosis, candidiasis, dyspeptic symptoms, allergic reactions, central nervous system disorders.

Phenoxymethylpenicillin. Taken 3 times a day, 250 mg. Contraindications: high sensitivity to penicillin. Side effects: dyspeptic and allergic reactions; severe acute hypersensitivity reaction that develops within 1–30 minutes after taking the drug.

Spiramycin. Macrolides are prescribed for allergic reactions to lactam antibiotics. Spiramycin is taken 1.5 million IU orally twice a day. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, lactation period, bile duct obstruction. Side effects: nausea, diarrhea, esophagitis, colitis, skin rash.

Azithromycin. Take 250 mg once a day. Contraindications for Azithromycin: hypersensitivity to macrolides, severe functional disorders of the liver and kidneys, arrhythmia. Side effects: headache, dizziness, nausea, increased fatigue and nervousness, tinnitus, conjunctivitis.

Cefazolin. A semisynthetic antibiotic belonging to the group of first generation cephalosporins. It is used in the form of intramuscular injections. Contraindications: hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, intestinal diseases, renal failure, pregnancy, lactation. Side effects: dyspeptic symptoms, allergic reactions; convulsions; dysbacteriosis, stomatitis (with long-term use).

Ciprofloxacin. Take 2 times a day, 250 mg. Contraindications for Ciprofloxacin: pregnancy, lactation, epilepsy. Side effects: mild skin allergies, nausea, sleep disturbances.

Ceftriaxone. This is a drug for intramuscular administration, which is an antibiotic of last resort due to the large number of side effects. Ceftriaxone injections are given once a day. Contraindications for the use of the drug: hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, severe gastrointestinal diseases. Side effects: headache, dizziness, convulsions; thrombocytosis, nosebleeds; jaundice, colitis, flatulence, pain in the epigastric region; skin itching, fever, candidiasis, increased sweating.

Also, for purulent otitis, antibiotics are used in the form of ear drops:

Norfloxacin Normax ear drops have a broad antibacterial effect. Side effects: minor skin rash, burning and itching at the site of application. Use according to instructions.

Candibiotic. These drops contain several antibiotics: beclomethasone dipropionate, chloramphenicol, as well as the antifungal agent clotrimazole and lidocaine hydrochloride. Contraindications: pregnancy, lactation. Side effects include allergic reactions.

Netilmicin. This is a semi-synthetic antibiotic made from third generation aminoglycosides. Netilmicin ear drops are most often prescribed for chronic otitis media.

Levomycetin. These drops are used primarily in ophthalmology, but can also be prescribed for mild forms of otitis media, since they do not penetrate deep into the ear canal.

Even with significant improvement during treatment and the weakening or disappearance of local symptoms, the course of taking antibacterial drugs should not be stopped prematurely. The duration of the course should be at least 7-10 days. Premature withdrawal of antibiotics can provoke a relapse, the transition of the disease to a chronic form, the formation of adhesive formations in the tympanic cavity and the development of complications.

Author of the article: Lazarev Oleg Vladimirovich, ENT doctor, especially for the site ayzdorov.ru

If the disease develops unfavorably, the pus cannot find a way out, and this risks the infection starting to spread inside the skull. Such otitis media can develop into meningitis, as well as into a brain abscess. In order to avoid such possibly dire consequences,

Otitis is an inflammatory disease of the ear of a bacterial, less often fungal nature. Small children under 3 years of age usually suffer from otitis media; they cope with the disease the fastest and easiest. But for an adult, otitis media can become a real disaster, and if not properly treated, it can become chronic, impair hearing, or even lead to complete deafness.

In order to achieve the maximum positive effect from treatment, it is recommended to combine ear instillations with antibiotics. At the same time, antibacterial drugs, like drops in the ears, are prescribed exclusively by a doctor after a thorough examination of the patient and diagnosis. What kind of medicine will it be?

Otitis media is an inflammatory process that is infectious in nature, characterized by rapid development and localized in the middle ear cavity. The ear cavity is located inside the temporal bone and is covered from the outside by the eardrum. This membrane is the partition that separates the middle ear.

Otitis in children is an inflammatory process that affects various parts of the ear. The outer, middle and inner space can be affected by pathology. The disease has a variety of symptoms, the severity of which depends on the form, stage and nature of the course of otitis media. This disease is known to affect children.

Otitis externa is an infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the skin lining the external auditory canal. Most often, the causative agent of this disease is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This disease has several varieties: otitis externa can be simple, malignant, diffuse and fungal. According to statistics from.

Fungal otitis is one of the types of inflammation of the ear, characterized by the fact that certain parts of it are affected by moldy yeast-like fungi. Most often, the pathological process includes the walls of the external ear canal, the skin lining the auricle, the eardrum and the middle ear cavity.

It hurts. I press on the visor and it doesn’t hurt, and it doesn’t hurt anyway. Could this be otitis media?

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Source: http://www.ayzdorov.ru/lechenie_otita_gnoiinii.php

What to put in the ear for purulent otitis

One of the most common complications of colds is inflammation of the middle ear, otitis media. The middle ear begins behind the eardrum, deep inside, and is a small, pea-sized cavity in the thickness of the temporal bone. The middle ear communicates with the external environment only through the Eustachian tube, which opens high in the nasopharynx. If there are a lot of microbes in the nasopharynx, then they directly enter the Eustachian tube, and then just into that tiny cavity called the middle ear. Against the background of general malaise, fever, and often a runny nose, a sharp, “shooting” pain in the ear suddenly occurs, which can intensify and cause many unpleasant minutes for the sick person. In advanced cases, purulent discharge from the ear canal may appear. Under unfavorable conditions or if otitis media is not completely cured, it can become chronic. Hearing loss and hearing loss may be a consequence of otitis media. Therefore, it is so important to take emergency self-help measures if this illness makes itself felt.

How to treat otitis?

1. It is important to understand that middle ear inflammation cannot be cured with drops alone. Previously, boric alcohol was used, but now it is not used, since boron is not a harmless element for the body, and its disinfectant effect is questionable. In addition, alcohol irritates the eardrum and can increase inflammation.

The causative agent of ear inflammation is coccal flora. The infection penetrates from the nasopharynx through the auditory tube. There are external, middle and internal otitis media. Otitis externa is manifested by severe pain in the ear, which intensifies with pressure on the tragus. When inflammation develops, infants behave restlessly, often spit up, and scream while sucking. Otoscopy with a diffuse process allows you to see purulent discharge and desquamation of the epithelium.

In chronic purulent otitis media, a decrease in the body's reactivity and periodic or constant suppuration from the ear are observed. During examination, a perforation is revealed in the eardrum; the mucous membrane of the middle ear is changed. On otoscopy, the color of the eardrum ranges from dull gray to bright red. The purulent process is characterized by perforation of the eardrum and suppuration. The auditory ossicles are gradually affected. Any part of the eardrum can be perforated. Otogenic intracranial complications are possible. Persistent perforation is the result of a sluggish infection of the mastoid process, unsanitized nasopharynx, as well as a consequence of scarlet fever or measles.

Now they recommend instillation preparations containing an antibiotic and a steroidal anti-inflammatory agent - sofradex, polydex, garazon and others. As for Sofradex, it is prescribed only after an ear examination by a doctor! If there is a perforation of the eardrum, Sofradex, having leaked into the inner ear, can have a toxic effect on the sensory cells of the cochlea due to the antibiotic neomycin included in its composition.

Drops with lidocaine - Otipax - have an analgesic effect. In fact, their general purpose is to treat otitis externa (inflammation of the external auditory canal), which is often observed in people with a cold. In this case, the effect is obvious: the antibiotic suppresses the activity of microbes, and the steroid reduces the activity of inflammation. In the case of inflammation of the middle ear, drops are not the only treatment. They play the role of a pain reliever, but not a pain reliever. Only some anti-inflammatory effect can be expected from the action of the steroid on the eardrum. In general, this treatment is ineffective and antibiotic therapy is required.

2. For otitis media, the doctor usually prescribes antibiotics. In mild cases, with a purely viral process, you can do without them. But still, do not refuse if your doctor decides to prescribe you antibiotics, since the complications of otitis media are much more serious than the side effects from antibiotics. Antibiotics act quite effectively on the microflora of the middle ear, preventing the development of the inflammatory process (ampicillin, amoxicillin, ampiox, oletethrin).

3. Place a warm compress on your ear. A semi-alcohol compress on the ear improves blood supply to the middle ear area and tissue nutrition, promoting a speedy recovery. With a highly developed process, electromagnetic irradiation with ultra-high frequencies or more powerful microwaves can be used. The procedure is carried out in a clinic under the supervision of a physiotherapist.

4. Local treatment of a stuffy nose, which is often the case with otitis, is certainly useful. It is necessary for adequate ventilation of the middle ear through the Eustachian tube and equalization of pressure on the eardrum, to reduce the production of exudate and its better suction into the nasal cavity.

Treatment of otitis media

After establishing an accurate diagnosis, treatment is carried out on an outpatient or inpatient basis. Antibacterial therapy is combined with local hormonal therapy. Conservative treatments include careful removal of pus, instillation of solutions of boric acid, furacillin, dioxidine or other disinfectants into the ear.

Medicinal plants and folk remedies

Collection (parts):

calendula, flowers 4

plantain, leaves 4

eucalyptus, leaves 3

licorice, roots 2

Pour 1 teaspoon of the plant mixture into 1 glass of hot water, leave for 30 minutes and drink warm throughout the day. Course 24 weeks.

Heat the remaining meal from the above herbs after preparing the infusion to 40 ° C and make a compress on the area of ​​the sore ear (16-30 minutes daily, and so on for 5-7 days).

Inject a 0.1% alcohol solution of sanguiritrin into the sore ear, 6-8 drops 3 times a day (you can also use tincture of eucalyptus, mint, plantain, chamomile, sophora or calendula).

Traditional medicine recommends:

10% tincture of lemon balm leaves - 6-8 drops 2 times a day in the ear; 5% celandine tincture - take 5 drops, and so on for 5 days;

alcohol tincture of shag (1:10) 6 drops 2 times a day.

10% tincture of walnut (Manchurian) pericarp - take 5 drops 2 times a day.

This treatment does not exclude the use of chemotherapy.

How to apply a warm compress to the ear?

For a warming compress, prepare:

  • 60-70 ml of vodka or alcohol, half diluted with water;
  • a small gauze napkin or clean cotton cloth measuring 6x6 cm;
  • polyethylene (or wax paper) 3 cm larger than a napkin;
  • cotton wool;
  • wide bandage;
  • wool or cotton scarf (in no case synthetic).

1. In a gauze napkin and polyethylene (waxed paper), make a cut in the middle of such a size that the auricle fits through it. Please note: what is needed is a cut, and not a hole in the form of an oval, circle, etc.

2. Lightly heat the vodka or aqueous alcohol solution (approximately 40°C). All other components of the compress should also be at hand.

3. Make the patient sit more comfortably, ask him to tilt his head with the affected ear up. Soak gauze in warm vodka, wring it out and quickly “thread” your ear through it. The first wet layer should lie close to the back of the ear.

4. Next, immediately apply (also by threading the ear through the incision) the second layer - polyethylene - so that it completely covers the first. The auricle itself and the ear canal remain open!

5. Place a thick layer of cotton wool on top of the polyethylene around the ear and bandage it.

6. You can place a small cotton swab soaked in warm alcohol and lightly squeezed into the ear canal. This will reduce pain if there is a “shooting” in the ear.

7. Tie the compress on top with a scarf.

Attention! Never place a warm compress on your ear overnight until the morning.

The compress lasts 1-2 hours, otherwise its seal is broken and the wet napkin no longer becomes a source of even heat, but a cold lotion.

How often to apply a compress? Once a day, until the pain stops.

Treatment of otitis media with folk remedies

For the treatment of acute and chronic otitis in the presence of purulent discharge from the ear, traditional medicine offers the following recipes:

  • Lemon. Chew 1/4 lemon with peel.
  • Peony (tincture). Take 20 drops 3 times a day.
  • Calendula (70% tincture of flowers, sold in pharmacies). Apply a compress to the behind-the-ear and parotid areas.
  • Onion (juice). Soak a swab in fresh onion juice, squeeze lightly and place in your ear. Tie a woolen scarf over the ear or apply an alcohol compress to the parotid area.
  • Horseradish (juice). For purulent inflammation, place 3-4 drops of horseradish juice into the ear.
  • Juniper (berries). Insert a cotton swab dipped in an alcoholic tincture of juniper berries into your ear.
  • Geranium fragrant (houseplant). Roll a fresh leaf into a tube and insert it into the ball! my ear (relieves inflammation and relieves “shooting” pain in the ears).
  • White elderberry (flowers), chamomile (flowers) - in equal parts. Mix the herbs, steam and use as a compress (relieves ear pain).
  • Ramson (plant). Place wild garlic juice in your ears.
  • Beetroot, honey Peel, wash the beets, cut into slices and cook in honey. Place on the sore ear as compresses.
  • Bay leaf. Pour 5 bay leaves with 1 cup of boiling water, bring to a boil, heat in a water bath with the lid closed for 2 hours, cool at room temperature for 45 minutes, strain, squeeze. Place 8-10 drops of the resulting decoction into the sore ear and drink 2-3 tablespoons of the warm solution. Do the procedure 3 times (for ear pain, suppuration).
  • Onions (juice), cumin. At the top of the onion, cut a small part in the form of a cube, place 1 teaspoon of crushed cumin seeds in the recess, cover with the cut out part, bake, squeeze the juice from the hot onion and place 2-3 drops in your ear 3 times a day.
  • Egg. Hard boil 2 chicken eggs. Run under cold water, then clean. Separate the white from the yolk. Wrap the warm white in a thick cotton cloth and squeeze it with all your might until liquid starts to drip. This liquid, slightly warmed, should be instilled into the ears.
  • Mumiyo. At night, place tampons soaked in a 2.5% mummy solution in your ears. For severe pain, change tampons several times a day. If there is discharge from the ear, bury the mummy in a mixture with furatsilin. After or during the procedure, the ears should be warmed up.
  • Propolis. For purulent inflammation of the middle ear, use a 30% alcohol extract of propolis - 5 drops into the external auditory canal 3 times a day. For advanced forms of the disease, insert gauze pads moistened with this extract into the external auditory canal for a day. The course of treatment is 10-12 days, depending on the degree of the disease. Propolis kills germs, relieves pain and eliminates unpleasant odor in purulent inflammation of the ears. Turundas should be changed daily.
  • Milk, hemp oil. For ear pain, rinse your ear with hot milk, to which hemp oil has been added when boiled.
  • Sea buckthorn oil with honey. Place 1 drop of sea buckthorn oil and 1 drop of melted honey into your ear, then cover the ear canal with cotton wool for 1 hour.

wise advice

Put a little salt (about 1 gram) in your mouth and swallow the saliva. Salt will cause the release of acidic enzymes, which neutralize the effect of bile and eliminate heartburn.

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    Ear drops for otitis: which one is better to choose

    Ear drops are an effective remedy for otitis media. Their advantage is that the medicine directly reaches the site of the lesion, which is important for inflammation of the middle ear. However, drops are a serious remedy; using it thoughtlessly can be dangerous. Therefore, it is important to know which ones are better in each specific situation.

    It is important to remember that treatment of otitis media is always complex. Therapy is selected only by a doctor after diagnosis; depending on the nature and severity of the disease, medications and procedures are prescribed. Therefore, it is better not to try to choose ear drops on your own; you should immediately go through the necessary research and get the right recommendations.

    What drops can be used

    In general, all drops can be divided into three groups:

    1. Drops based on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
    2. Drops based on antibacterial agents.
    3. Combined drops with glucocorticosteroids and antibiotics.

    Also, for otitis media, vasoconstrictor nasal drops are sometimes used if there is a runny nose or severe swelling. For example, Naphthyzin, Sanorin, Ximelin and others.

    Properly selected medications will help achieve a speedy recovery. The main thing is not to delay treatment; acute otitis media can become chronic if proper therapy is neglected.

    Important! If the condition does not improve or worsens during treatment with drops, you should contact your doctor again.

    How to use drops for otitis media correctly

    In order for the benefits of the medicine to be most noticeable, you need to be able to use it correctly. Drops are topical preparations, so the result of treatment depends on more precise application of the medicine. The general rules for instillation are as follows:

    1. You need to lie on your side, the painful side up.
    2. When instilling, adults need to pull the auricle back and up, for children under 3 years old - pull the earlobe back and down, this will straighten the ear canal.
    3. When administered, the drops should be at a comfortable temperature. Before instillation, you can hold the bottle in your hands. The pipette can be kept in hot water; the drops themselves should not be used as they may spoil.
    4. You can drip either from a pipette, or moisten a cotton swab with the medicine and insert it into the ear. You should carefully read the instructions for the drug to see if these drops can be used for perforation of the eardrum.
    5. After instillation, you need to lie down for 3-5 minutes so that the medicine flows down the ear canal and reaches the source of inflammation.

    Compliance with these rules will help make the treatment most effective. The subtleties of administering drops may vary depending on the course of the disease and the chosen medication.

    Otipax

    Otipax is a proven means of combating otitis media. It has an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect, more effective against external otitis and in the early stages of otitis media, until the eardrum is damaged. After its perforation, Otipax is contraindicated.

    Otipax has almost no contraindications: the drops are suitable for adults and even infants. Pregnant women and during lactation use with caution. Otipax may cause allergies, so it is better to consult a doctor.

    Important! Otipax should not be combined with other drugs.

    Apply 3-4 drops up to three times a day, the dosage is confirmed with an otolaryngologist. The duration of the course is no more than 10 days.

    Sofradex

    Sofradex - drops with antibiotics that have a strong anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect. It is used in the treatment of otitis of the external ear, and sometimes helps with diseases of an allergic nature. One of the disadvantages of the medicine is burning and itching in the ear after instillation, which appears in most cases.

    The drug is contraindicated in newborns, during lactation and pregnancy. There are other contraindications, for example, damage to the eardrum, since the antibiotic included in the medicine has an ototoxic effect.

    Apply 2-3 drops up to four times a day, depending on the severity of the disease.

    Anauran

    Anauran is a medicine with a strong anesthetic and antiviral effect, especially widely used for purulent otitis media. The drug is suitable for the treatment of chronic and acute forms.

    Anauran is contraindicated in children under one year of age; it is used with caution during pregnancy and lactation. Anauran should not be used for more than a week; it contains an antibiotic, and long-term use may cause severe side effects.

    3-5 drops of medicine are dripped up to four times a day, depending on the severity of the disease and the age of the patient.

    Otofa

    Otofa - inexpensive drops for otitis media, a strong antibiotic. It is used for acute and chronic ear diseases as an antibacterial agent; this medicine is not used against pain.

    Instill 3-5 drops three times a day, depending on the age of the patient and the course of the disease. These drops are often classified as products for children, but Otofa is contraindicated for pregnant women.

    Otinum

    Otinum - cheap drops with a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, help with various types of otitis, including fungal. Otinum has almost no contraindications, allergic reactions are rare.

    Otinum should not be used if the eardrum is damaged; the salicylic acid content can harm hearing.

    Normax

    Normax - antibiotics for otitis in adults, children under 18 years of age, during pregnancy and lactation they should not be taken. The drug can cause severe allergies, so before use you need to consult a specialist; weaker agents may be suitable. One of the advantages of this medicine is its low price.

    Cipropharm drops

    Cipropharm is used for diseases of the eye and ear; this medicine has a pronounced antimicrobial effect. It can be used after operations to prevent complications.

    Apply 3-4 drops every 12 hours depending on the age of the patient. The course should not last more than a week. Cipropharm can be given to children after one year of age.

    Important! If you are allergic to a medicine, you should consult a doctor and choose another drug.

    Other remedies for otitis media

    There are other drugs that can be instilled into the ear for otitis media, but their effectiveness is controversial. They should only be used if it is not possible to see a doctor or purchase specialized drops.

    Levomycetin

    This remedy can only be used for purulent otitis media. Pregnant, lactating and children under one year old should not use Levomycetin. This drug is available in different forms; an alcohol solution of Levomycetin is suitable for the treatment of ear disease.

    Drip 2-3 drops of solution no more than three times a day. The frequency can only be changed with the permission of the attending physician. Levomycetin is usually used in combination, if there is a lot of discharge, the form of otitis is severe, the medicine will not be fully effective.

    Important! It is not recommended to use Levomycetin for a long time; there is a high probability of developing allergic reactions and Quincke's edema.

    Boric alcohol

    Boric alcohol is considered an outdated treatment for ear diseases, but some people prefer to use it because of its low price and availability. The benefits of boric alcohol are controversial, so it is better to use it if other treatments are not available.

    Boric alcohol can be dripped into the ear after warming it up. Cold liquid may increase pain. Adults take three drops about four times a day. Drip using a pipette.

    A safer way is to drip using a cotton pad. A few drops of boric alcohol are applied to a turunda or a small twisted strand of cotton wool, then it is inserted into the ear. It is better to do the procedure in the evening; the turunda should be left in the ear overnight.

    Important! It is strictly prohibited to use boric alcohol and chloramphenicol if the eardrum is damaged.

    There are other contraindications and side effects in which boric alcohol can be dangerous:

    1. Pregnancy, lactation period, age up to three years. Also, boric alcohol should not be used if there is a violation of the liver or kidneys, or if allergies are likely to occur.
    2. Results of the toxic effects of boric acid. They usually appear if treatment with alcohol lasts more than ten days, the procedure is carried out too often.
    3. When using boric alcohol, nausea, vomiting, confusion, convulsions, and other symptoms of intoxication may occur. In this case, you need to urgently consult a doctor.

    When used carefully, boric alcohol can have a beneficial effect on otitis media.

    Vodka

    If the acute stage develops rapidly and severe pain appears, accompanied by inflammation, you can make a vodka compress. This will temporarily weaken the course of the disease and help you wait until you seek professional medical help.

    You need to slightly warm the vodka. For a compress, apply a few drops of vodka to a cotton swab, apply it to your ear and wrap it around your head with a bandage; you can wrap it with a scarf on top to maintain warmth. The compress can be left overnight.

    Important! Pure alcohol cannot be used; the strength of the solution should not be higher than the strength of vodka.

    Currently, there is a huge selection of different remedies and ear drops with different principles of action, with which you can quickly and relatively easily cure otitis media and prevent it from developing into a chronic form.

    Questions and answers:

    Is there an increase in temperature?

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    The information is provided for informational purposes.

    Source: http://www.lechim-prosto.ru/ushnye-kapli-pri-otite.html